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Using a small boat, samples were collected in 20L carboys in Tylerfjord-Young Sound. Three rivers that feed into Tyrolerfjord-Young Sound (Tyroler River, Lerbugten River and Zackenberg River) were sampled; surface and subsurface water samples were also collected at transition sites where the rivers feed into the fjord (Tyro_01, Zac_30, Ler_30, altogether referred to as \u2018river transition sites\u2019). Enzyme activities were measured in unfiltered water. In addition, water was size-fractionated using gravity filtration through a GF/A filter to capture \u22651.6 \u00b5m particles.
\nTwo substrates, a-glucose and b-glucose linked to a 4-methylumbelliferyl (MUF) fluorophore, were used to measure glucosidase activities. Five substrates linked to a 7-amido-4-methyl coumarin (MCA) fluorophore, one amino acid \u2013 leucine \u2013 and four oligopeptides \u2013 the chymotrypsin substrates alanine-alanine-phenylalanine (AAF) and alanine-alanine-proline-phenylalanine (AAPF), and the trypsin substrates glutamine-alanine-arginine (QAR) and phenylalanine-serine-arginine (FSR) \u2013 were used to measure exo- and endo-acting peptidase activities, respectively. Hydrolysis rates of the substrates were measured as an increase in fluorescence as the fluorophore was hydrolyzed from the substrate over time [as in Hoppe, 1993; Obayashi and Suzuki, 2005]. \u00a0All substrates were used to measure enzyme activities in unfiltered water, as well as particle-associated (\u22651.6 \u00b5m) enzymatic activities.
\nIn unfiltered water, enzyme activities were measured by adding 4 mL of water to triplicate cuvettes. One incubation containing autoclaved water served as the killed control. This procedure was applied to each of the 7 substrates and one live blank and autoclave blank (no substrate addition). Each cuvette containing either live or autoclaved water was amended with one substrate to a concentration of 100 \u00b5M. Fluroescence was measured using a Promega Quanti\ufb02uor solid-state single-cuvette \ufb02uorimeter; excitation and emission maxima were 365 nm and 410\u2013450 nm, respectively,
\nTo measure particle-associated enzyme assays, 1/12th piece of a GF/A filter through which water had been gravity filtered was put into a cuvette containing 4 mL of cooled, autoclaved water from the same station/depth as the live samples. In addition, killed controls were set up using sterile GF/A filters cut into 1/12th pieces. Bulk water and particle-associated enzyme assays were incubated for up to 24 and 16 hours, respectively; timepoints were taken at specific intervals. Incubations were kept in the dark either at 0\u00b0C, 5\u00b0C, or 8\u00b0C, depending on in situ water temperature at the time of sampling.
\nActivities of polysaccharide hydrolases were measured using fluorescently labeled polysaccharides (Arnosti 2003). Activities of enzymes that hydrolyze pullulan, laminarin, xylan, fucoidan, arabinogalactan, and chondroitin sulfate were measured in unfiltered water, and using GF/A filters through which water had been gravity-filtered. For these measurements, substrate was added (of 3.5 \u00b5M monomer equivalent) to 15 mL of water; autoclaved ambient water served as the killed control. Particle-associated activities were measured by submerging 1/12th of a GF/A filter in 15 ml autoclaved seawater. Samples were incubated in the dark at near in situ temperature (0\u00b0C, 5\u00b0C, or 8\u00b0C), and sub-sampled at specific time intervals\u2014t0 (0h, upon substrate addition), t1 (120 h), t2 (240 h), t3 (360 h) and t4 (600 h). Sub-samples from each timepoint were filtered using 0.2 \u00b5M pore size SFCA (surfactant-free cellulose acetate) syringe filters, and the filtrate was collected in tubes and frozen at -20\u00b0C until processing in the lab. Sub-samples were processed using gel permeation chromatography (Arnosti, 2003).\u00a0
Bacterial activity as measured by hydrolysis\u00a0rates from unfiltered seawater and particle-associated communities collected near shore in northeastern\u00a0Greenland in August 2015.
BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
\n- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
\n- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions
\n- added trip_id, bulk_or_not, FLA_MCAMUF columns
\n-\u00a0reduced\u00a0the decimal\u00a0precision of time_elapsed_hr and the rates columns to 3.
\n-\u00a0sorted by sample_type, fluorophore, station, cast, depth_id