http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/1002515 eng; USA utf8 dataset Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 2026-07-13 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Solid-phase barium, aluminum, phosphorus, particle flux, and barium isotope measurements from sediment traps, aerosols, and sediments in the Gulf of Aqaba (northern Red Sea) from January 2013 to August 2016 2026-07-13 publication 2026-07-13 revision BCO-DMO Linked Data URI 2026-07-13 creation http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/1002515 Tristan J. Horner Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution principalInvestigator Adina Paytan University of California-Santa Cruz principalInvestigator Adi Torfstein Hebrew University of Jerusalem principalInvestigator Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. publisher Cite this dataset as: Horner, T. J., Mayfield, K. K., Auro, M., Paytan, A., Torfstein, A. (2026) Solid-phase barium, aluminum, phosphorus, particle flux, and barium isotope measurements from sediment traps, aerosols, and sediments in the Gulf of Aqaba (northern Red Sea) from January 2013 to August 2016. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2026-07-13 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/1002515 [access date] GOA solid-phase barium cycling time series (2013–2016) Dataset Description: &lt;p&gt;These data combine measurements reported in Tables 1 and 3 of Mayfield et al. (2024).&lt;/p&gt; Methods and Sampling: &lt;p&gt;Samples were collected as part of the &lt;em&gt;Red Sea Dust, Marine Particulates and Seawater Time Series&lt;/em&gt; program. Sinking particulate material was collected using a sediment trap mooring deployed at approximately 120, 220, 340, 450, and 570 meters water depth. Traps were filled with saturated brine poisoned with mercuric chloride to minimize sample degradation. Upon recovery, samples were allowed to settle, the supernatant was partially decanted, and material was sieved through a 1 millimeter mesh to remove large organisms. The remaining material was rinsed with ultrapure water, freeze-dried, and weighed. Subsamples were wet sieved through 500, 125, and 63 micrometer meshes, and the less than 63 micrometer fraction was retained for analysis.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Aerosol samples were collected at the Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat using total suspended particulate samplers and air filters during dust events.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Sediment samples were obtained using a multi-corer from approximately 720 meters water depth. Samples were subjected to a sequential leaching procedure to remove carbonate, organic matter, iron-manganese oxyhydroxides, and silicate phases, with the remaining fraction containing barite and other refractory minerals. The less than 20 micrometer size fraction was isolated for barium isotope analysis.&lt;/p&gt; Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2023456 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2023456 onGoing Tristan J. Horner Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 508-289-3825 266 Woods Hole Rd. Clark 448, MS# 25 Woods Hole MA 02543 United States thorner@whoi.edu pointOfContact Adina Paytan University of California-Santa Cruz 831-459-1437 Earth & Marine Sciences C308 1156 High St Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA apaytan@ucsc.edu pointOfContact Adi Torfstein Hebrew University of Jerusalem adi.torf@mail.huji.ac.il pointOfContact asNeeded Dataset Version: 1 Unknown sample_type latitude longitude site deployment_start_date deployment_end_date sample_collection_date water_depth_m poc_percent d13C_VPDB_permil particle_flux_g_m2_d particle_flux_2sd_g_m2_d ba_concentration_ug_g ba_flux_mg_m2_d ba_flux_2sd_mg_m2_d p_concentration_mg_g p_flux_mg_m2_d p_flux_2sd_mg_m2_d al_concentration_mg_g al_flux_mg_m2_d al_flux_2sd_mg_m2_d d138Ba_permil d138Ba_2sd_permil num_replicates_chemistry num_measurements_isotope Thermo Scientific iCAP Q quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer ThermoFinnigan Neptune multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer ThermoFisher Scientific Phenom Pro G6 Desktop scanning electron microscope theme None, User defined event type latitude longitude station date_start date end date depth_w particulate organic Carbon (POC) d13C mass_flux_total Barium Phosphorus Aluminum No BCO-DMO term number of replicates featureType BCO-DMO Standard Parameters Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer Multi Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer Scanning Electron Microscope instrument BCO-DMO Standard Instruments otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use. The Speed, Signature, and Significance of Barium Transformations in Seawater https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/885359 The Speed, Signature, and Significance of Barium Transformations in Seawater <p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br /> The biological cycling of carbon in the oceans entrains many other elements, some directly (like nutrients that are essential for life) and some indirectly, as they become chemically involved in the processes that are affecting carbon. One such element is barium (Ba). Particles of the mineral barite (barium sulfate) have been found to form in association with microbial consumption of organic material in the ocean’s “twilight zone.” These particles settle to the ocean floor, and their presence in sediments has been used to infer changes in the conditions in the ocean back in time. Both the amount of barite in sediments and the isotope composition of Ba in barite are potentially sensitive to processes occurring in the twilight zone. However, several long-standing questions remain about Ba cycling in the oceans, which complicates the interpretation of barium-based proxy records. Examples of remaining questions include how much barium enters the oceans at mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal sites, and what controls the precipitation and dissolution of barite in the water column. This project seeks to tackle these questions using new approaches, on three scheduled research expeditions in the Pacific and Southern Oceans. In doing so, this project will support the education, training, and career development of a graduate student, postdoctoral researcher, and junior investigator. Undergraduate students from underrepresented groups will be recruited to conduct complementary shore-based experiments.</p> <p>This proposal seeks to answer four questions central to the utility of barium-based proxies in oceanography: What are the major inputs of new Ba to the ocean? What are their isotopic compositions? What controls the amount of pelagic barite precipitated during the remineralization of organic matter? What influences its isotopic composition? These questions will be addressed using a field-centric approach combining: in situ and shipboard tracer-incubation experiments, AUV-led adaptive sampling of Ba cycling ‘hotpots’, and section-based surveying of the surrounding oceanographic features. This multi-pronged approach will be used to investigate: the flux and isotopic composition of Ba released from the largest hydrothermal fields in the ocean, the Southern East Pacific Rise, with a focus on low-temperature venting; rates and signatures of pelagic barite precipitation associated with different phytoplankton assemblages in the Southern Ocean; and, the importance of environmental conditions, such as low ambient oxygen concentrations, in setting the efficiency of barite precipitation in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. The significance of each transformation will be assessed, which may lead to ruling out the importance of certain processes, or identifying new dependencies that could form the basis of new proxies.</p> <p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p> The Three S&#039;s largerWorkCitation project eng; USA oceans 34.917 34.937 29.467 29.502 2013-01-06 2016-08-06 Eastern Tropical Pacific, Subtropical South Pacific, Sub-Antarctic Pacific, and Southern Oceans 0 BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Solid-phase barium, aluminum, phosphorus, particle flux, and barium isotope measurements from sediment traps, aerosols, and sediments in the Gulf of Aqaba (northern Red Sea) from January 2013 to August 2016 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004491.rdf Name: sample_type Units: unitless Description: <p>Sample type or material class for each row (for example, particulate, aerosol, or sediment).</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004492.rdf Name: latitude Units: decimal degrees Description: <p>Latitude of the sampling location in decimal degrees north.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004494.rdf Name: longitude Units: decimal degrees Description: <p>Longitude of the sampling location in decimal degrees east.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004496.rdf Name: site Units: unitless Description: <p>Sampling site or platform location associated with the sample.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004497.rdf Name: deployment_start_date Units: ISO 8601 date (YYYY-MM-DD) Description: <p>Start date of the sediment trap deployment interval for particulate samples.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004498.rdf Name: deployment_end_date Units: ISO 8601 date (YYYY-MM-DD) Description: <p>End date of the sediment trap deployment interval for particulate samples.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004499.rdf Name: sample_collection_date Units: ISO 8601 date (YYYY-MM-DD) Description: <p>Date the sample was collected or recovered. For sediment trap samples, this corresponds to the deployment end date.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004500.rdf Name: water_depth_m Units: m Description: <p>Water depth of sample collection in meters.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004501.rdf Name: poc_percent Units: % Description: <p>Particulate organic carbon content of the sample.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004502.rdf Name: d13C_VPDB_permil Units: permil Description: <p>Carbon isotopic composition of particulate organic carbon relative to Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004503.rdf Name: particle_flux_g_m2_d Units: g m-2 d-1 Description: <p>Bulk particle flux.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004504.rdf Name: particle_flux_2sd_g_m2_d Units: g m-2 d-1 Description: <p>Two standard deviation uncertainty associated with bulk particle flux.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004505.rdf Name: ba_concentration_ug_g Units: ug g-1 Description: <p>Barium concentration in the solid sample.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004506.rdf Name: ba_flux_mg_m2_d Units: mg m-2 d-1 Description: <p>Barium flux calculated for sediment trap samples.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004507.rdf Name: ba_flux_2sd_mg_m2_d Units: mg m-2 d-1 Description: <p>Two standard deviation uncertainty associated with barium flux.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004508.rdf Name: p_concentration_mg_g Units: mg g-1 Description: <p>Phosphorus concentration in the solid sample.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004509.rdf Name: p_flux_mg_m2_d Units: mg m-2 d-1 Description: <p>Phosphorus flux calculated for sediment trap samples.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004510.rdf Name: p_flux_2sd_mg_m2_d Units: mg m-2 d-1 Description: <p>Two standard deviation uncertainty associated with phosphorus flux.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004511.rdf Name: al_concentration_mg_g Units: mg g-1 Description: <p>Aluminum concentration in the solid sample.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004512.rdf Name: al_flux_mg_m2_d Units: mg m-2 d-1 Description: <p>Aluminum flux calculated for sediment trap samples.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004513.rdf Name: al_flux_2sd_mg_m2_d Units: mg m-2 d-1 Description: <p>Two standard deviation uncertainty associated with aluminum flux.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004514.rdf Name: d138Ba_permil Units: permil Description: <p>Barium isotopic composition reported in delta notation relative to NIST SRM 3104a.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004515.rdf Name: d138Ba_2sd_permil Units: permil Description: <p>Two standard deviation uncertainty associated with d138Ba.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004516.rdf Name: num_replicates_chemistry Units: count Description: <p>Number of independent replicates processed through ion chromatography.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1004517.rdf Name: num_measurements_isotope Units: count Description: <p>Number of mass spectrometry measurements used to calculate the reported isotope value.</p> GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/1002515/data/download download onLine dataset &lt;p&gt;Samples were collected as part of the &lt;em&gt;Red Sea Dust, Marine Particulates and Seawater Time Series&lt;/em&gt; program. Sinking particulate material was collected using a sediment trap mooring deployed at approximately 120, 220, 340, 450, and 570 meters water depth. Traps were filled with saturated brine poisoned with mercuric chloride to minimize sample degradation. Upon recovery, samples were allowed to settle, the supernatant was partially decanted, and material was sieved through a 1 millimeter mesh to remove large organisms. The remaining material was rinsed with ultrapure water, freeze-dried, and weighed. Subsamples were wet sieved through 500, 125, and 63 micrometer meshes, and the less than 63 micrometer fraction was retained for analysis.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Aerosol samples were collected at the Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat using total suspended particulate samplers and air filters during dust events.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Sediment samples were obtained using a multi-corer from approximately 720 meters water depth. Samples were subjected to a sequential leaching procedure to remove carbonate, organic matter, iron-manganese oxyhydroxides, and silicate phases, with the remaining fraction containing barite and other refractory minerals. The less than 20 micrometer size fraction was isolated for barium isotope analysis.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) &lt;p&gt;Particulate elemental concentrations were determined by external calibration to standards of known concentration.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Barium isotope compositions are reported in delta notation (δ&lt;sup&gt;138&lt;/sup&gt;Ba) relative to NIST SRM 3104a. Instrumental mass bias and isotope ratios were corrected using a double-spike technique. A spiked standard was analyzed every fifth sample, and sample values were normalized to bracketing standards. Analytical precision is reported as the greater of long-term reproducibility (±0.03 permil, 2 standard deviations) or the standard error of replicate analyses. Data processing and calculations were performed using MATLAB R2018a.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) - Loaded &quot;Solid Samples.xlsx&quot; with missing values: &quot;&quot;, &quot;nd&quot;, &quot;N/A&quot;, &quot;n.d.&quot; - Converted deployment_start_date from string format %m-%d-%y to date type with output format %Y-%m-%d - Converted deployment_end_date from string format %m-%d-%y to date type with output format %Y-%m-%d - Converted sample_collection_date from string format %m-%d-%y to date type with output format %Y-%m-%d - Renamed table &quot;solid_samples-1&quot; to &quot;1002515_v1_bariumcyclingtimeseries&quot; Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers asNeeded 7.x-1.1 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact Thermo Scientific iCAP Q quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer Thermo Scientific iCAP Q quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Name: Thermo Scientific iCAP Q quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Elemental concentrations of barium, aluminum, and phosphorus in particulate samples were measured using a Thermo Scientific iCAP Q quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Instrument Name: Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:ICP Mass Spec Instrument Description: An ICP Mass Spec is an instrument that passes nebulized samples into an inductively-coupled gas plasma (8-10000 K) where they are atomized and ionized. Ions of specific mass-to-charge ratios are quantified in a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB15/ ThermoFinnigan Neptune multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer ThermoFinnigan Neptune multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Name: ThermoFinnigan Neptune multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Barium isotope analyses were conducted using a ThermoFinnigan Neptune multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Samples were processed using a double-spike method and purified using ion exchange chromatography prior to analysis. Instrument Name: Multi Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:MC-ICPMS Instrument Description: A Multi Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) is a type of mass spectrometry where the sample is ionized in a plasma (a partially ionized gas, such as Argon, containing free electrons) that has been generated by electromagnetic induction. A series of collectors is used to detect several ion beams simultaneously. A MC-ICPMS is a hybrid mass spectrometer that combines the advantages of an inductively coupled plasma source and the precise measurements of a magnetic sector multicollector mass spectrometer. The primary advantage of the MC-ICPMS is its ability to analyze a broader range of elements, including those with high ionization potential that are difficult to analyze by Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS). The ICP source also allows flexibility in how samples are introduced to the mass spectrometer and allows the analysis of samples introduced either as an aspirated solution or as an aerosol produced by laser ablation. ThermoFisher Scientific Phenom Pro G6 Desktop scanning electron microscope ThermoFisher Scientific Phenom Pro G6 Desktop scanning electron microscope PI Supplied Instrument Name: ThermoFisher Scientific Phenom Pro G6 Desktop scanning electron microscope PI Supplied Instrument Description:Scanning electron microscopy was performed using a ThermoFisher Scientific Phenom Pro G6 Desktop scanning electron microscope to characterize sediment fractions. Instrument Name: Scanning Electron Microscope Instrument Short Name:SEM Instrument Description: A scanning electron microscope (SEM) scans a focused electron beam over a surface to create an image. The electrons in the beam interact with the sample, producing various signals that can be used to obtain information about the surface topography and composition.