http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/1003320
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2026-07-30
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Pyrosome count and length data collected from the cruise RR2105 on R/V Roger Revelle in the California Current Ecosystem from July to August 2021
2026-08-17
publication
2026-08-17
revision
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)
2026-08-17
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.1003320.1
Katherine Barbeau
University of California-San Diego Scripps
principalInvestigator
Moira Decima
University of California-San Diego Scripps
principalInvestigator
Natalia Llopis Monferrer
Université de Bretagne Occidentale
principalInvestigator
Stephanie Matthews
University of California-San Diego Scripps
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Cawley, G., Decima, M., Barbeau, K., Matthews, S., Llopis Monferrer, N., Padilla Villa, M. (2026) Pyrosome count and length data collected from the cruise RR2105 on R/V Roger Revelle in the California Current Ecosystem from July to August 2021. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2026-08-17 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.1003320.1 [access date]
P2107 Pyrosome Length and Abundance Dataset Description: <p>Samples were collected on CCE-NSF process cruise (OCE-1637632, Project: California Current Ecosystem Long Term Ecological Research Site).&nbsp;</p> Methods and Sampling: <p>Pyrosomes were collected for abundance and size-structure estimates using a double-oblique tow with a Bongo frame equipped with paired 202 μm nets, a temperature-depth logger, and a General Oceanics flow meter affixed to the Starboard net. Bongo tows were conducted twice daily for day and night sampling, at approximately 1000 h and 2200 h, following standard CalCOFI protocols (Bowlin et al. 2009). The average tow time (± SD) was 23 ± 3 min, the average depth of sampling was 206 ± 14 m, and the average volume filtered was 290 ± 28 m<sup>3</sup>. Upon retrieval, the cod-end contents of the starboard net were gently transferred to a bucket and anesthetized with carbonated water to prevent regurgitation of gut contents (Kleppel and Pieper 1984). All pyrosomes were removed from the tow and rinsed to remove any hitchhiking zooplankton. The pyrosomes were then imaged, counted, and split into the respective subsamples. Depending on which pyrosomes were measured, the split factor accounts for the fraction or the whole percentage that the counts, and thus the lengths, represent of the tow.&nbsp;</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2329559 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2329559
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2224726 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2224726
completed
Katherine Barbeau
University of California-San Diego Scripps
858-822-4339
9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code: 0218
La Jolla
CA
92093
USA
kbarbeau@ucsd.edu
pointOfContact
Moira Decima
University of California-San Diego Scripps
858-246-4710
9500 Gilman Dr #0218
La Jolla
CA
92093-0218
USA
mdecima@ucsd.edu
pointOfContact
Natalia Llopis Monferrer
Université de Bretagne Occidentale
nllopis@sb-roscoff.fr
pointOfContact
Stephanie Matthews
University of California-San Diego Scripps
samatt@uw.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
STALINE
Cycle
Day
Haul
Date
Latitude
Longitude
pyrosome_index
pyrosome_length
General Oceanics
theme
None, User defined
Cruise identifier
sample time
day of month
tow
date
latitude
longitude
sample identification
length
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Bongo Net
Flow Meter
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
RR2105
service
Deployment Activity
California Current System, Northeastern Pacific Ocean
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Collaborative Research: Assessing the causes of the pyrosome invasion and persistence in the California Current Ecosystem
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/916814
Collaborative Research: Assessing the causes of the pyrosome invasion and persistence in the California Current Ecosystem
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
A key component of the ocean food web is comprised of floating animals, or zooplankton, that transfer energy from phytoplankton to fish, whales, and birds. Zooplankton include many different types of organisms that can be broadly categorized as crustacean or gelatinous, with most fish and whales preferring crustaceans as a fat-rich food source over gelatinous animals, which are higher in water content. Historically, the California Current ecosystem off the U.S. West Coast has been dominated by crustacean zooplankton, such as krill and copepods, but in 2014 there were huge abundances of a type of colonial, gelatinous zooplankton known as pyrosomes, which caused widespread damage to fisheries by fouling fishing gear and dominating catch. Although the arrival of pyrosomes coincided with an extensive marine heatwave, lower abundances have since persisted despite a return to cooler ocean temperatures. Analysis of time series data from the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) indicate that pyrosomes were also observed in the California Current many decades ago when the ocean was not particularly warm. This study combines analysis of past samples from CalCOFI, ocean circulation models, and biological models to understand the causes of these quickly growing pyrosome populations in the California Current. It supports training for undergraduate and graduate students. In addition, the project is reaching K-12 students through a unique partnership with the San Diego County Office of Education that is developing Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)-aligned resources for middle and high school science teachers in California. The educational resources are being disseminated through the California Science Project and California Environmental Literacy Initiative. Public outreach in San Diego (CA) is through the Enhancing Your Horizons San Diego conference and the San Diego Regional Competition of the National Ocean Sciences Bowl, and in Santa Cruz (CA) through the Seymour Marine Discovery Center.</p>
<p>Predicting how ecosystems respond to accelerating climate change is a major challenge. The recent appearance of the pyrosome Pyrosoma atlanticum in the California Current is a major perturbation to the ecosystem, and the cause remains unknown. Both ocean physics and plankton food-web dynamics are key determinants of variability in pelagic community composition in this ecosystem, yet unraveling the degree to which variability in physics (through warming and advection) combines with shifting biological interactions (through nutrient cycling and altered food-web dynamics) to determine composition and function is complicated. This project combines the analysis of past historical samples from seven decades of the CalCOFI time series, data-assimilative and non-data assimilative ocean circulation models, and biological population models to determine the role ocean physics and biological interactions have played in shaping pyrosome abundance, trophic dynamics, and population growth and mortality in the California Current. This novel framework is providing mechanistic understanding that is required to predict how plankton communities respond to climate change.</p>
<p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p>
Pyrosomes in the CCE
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
California Current System, Northeastern Pacific Ocean
-130.5483
-120.8285
34.5039
36.4606
2021-07-22
2021-08-11
California Current ecosystem off the U.S. West Coast
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Pyrosome count and length data collected from the cruise RR2105 on R/V Roger Revelle in the California Current Ecosystem from July to August 2021
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1005284.rdf
Name: STALINE
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Cruise Identifier</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1005285.rdf
Name: Cycle
Units: unitless
Description: <p>4-5 day sampling location period</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1005286.rdf
Name: Day
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Day within sampling location</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1005287.rdf
Name: Haul
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Sequential tow number for all bongo net tows</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1005288.rdf
Name: Date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date of sampling event</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1005289.rdf
Name: Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude of sampling location</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1005291.rdf
Name: Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude of sampling location</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1005293.rdf
Name: pyrosome_index
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Sequential number for the pyrosome in the bongo net subsample that was counted and measured. See haul summary table for fraction of total sample from which pyrosome counts and lengths are reported here.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1005294.rdf
Name: pyrosome_length
Units: cm
Description: <p>Measured lengths of counted pyrosomes in the bongo net subsample. See haul summary table for fraction of total sample from which pyrosome lengths are reported here.</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.1003320.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>Pyrosomes were collected for abundance and size-structure estimates using a double-oblique tow with a Bongo frame equipped with paired 202 μm nets, a temperature-depth logger, and a General Oceanics flow meter affixed to the Starboard net. Bongo tows were conducted twice daily for day and night sampling, at approximately 1000 h and 2200 h, following standard CalCOFI protocols (Bowlin et al. 2009). The average tow time (± SD) was 23 ± 3 min, the average depth of sampling was 206 ± 14 m, and the average volume filtered was 290 ± 28 m<sup>3</sup>. Upon retrieval, the cod-end contents of the starboard net were gently transferred to a bucket and anesthetized with carbonated water to prevent regurgitation of gut contents (Kleppel and Pieper 1984). All pyrosomes were removed from the tow and rinsed to remove any hitchhiking zooplankton. The pyrosomes were then imaged, counted, and split into the respective subsamples. Depending on which pyrosomes were measured, the split factor accounts for the fraction or the whole percentage that the counts, and thus the lengths, represent of the tow.&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Pyrosomes were carefully removed and rinsed with filtered seawater to remove any attached zooplankton, placed in a black bin equipped with a ruler, and imaged from above with an iPhone, ensuring a ruler was included in the image (n=1384 to the nearest mm). Images were reported in cm, but our resolution allowed the measurement to the nearest mm, using the ruler in the image. &nbsp; Images were used to quantify population size-structure using ImageJ.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
* Imported the file and treated blank cells and “nd” as missing values.
* Converted the Date column from M/D/YY format to the standard ISO date format YYYY-MM-DD.
* Unpivoted the "Total Pyrosome Lengths" column and all numbered columns matching pattern "(N)" into a single "pyrosome_length" value column, creating a new "pyrosome_index" key column indicating which original column each value came from (0 for "Total Pyrosome Lengths", otherwise the number in parentheses) into long format & filtered out rows where pyrosome_length was null (unnecessary rows after unpivot, original data didn't always have the same amount of measurements.)
* Exported the cleaned and standardized tables as CSV files.
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
PI Supplied Instrument Name: PI Supplied Instrument Description:Bongo net with 202-µm mesh to collect pyrosomes and other zooplankton Instrument Name: Bongo Net Instrument Short Name:Bongo Net Instrument Description: A Bongo Net consists of paired plankton nets, typically with a 60 cm diameter mouth opening and varying mesh sizes, 10 to 1000 micron. The Bongo Frame was designed by the National Marine Fisheries Service for use in the MARMAP program. It consists of two cylindrical collars connected with a yoke so that replicate samples are collected at the same time. Variations in models are designed for either vertical hauls (OI-2500 = NMFS Pairovet-Style, MARMAP Bongo, CalVET) or both oblique and vertical hauls (Aquatic Research). The OI-1200 has an opening and closing mechanism that allows discrete "known-depth" sampling. This model is large enough to filter water at the rate of 47.5 m3/minute when towing at a speed of two knots. More information: Ocean Instruments, Aquatic Research, Sea-Gear Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/NETT0009/
General Oceanics
General Oceanics
PI Supplied Instrument Name: General Oceanics PI Supplied Instrument Description:General Oceanics flow meter to measure volume filtered Instrument Name: Flow Meter Instrument Short Name:Flow Meter Instrument Description: General term for a sensor that quantifies the rate at which fluids (e.g. water or air) pass through sensor packages, instruments, or sampling devices. A flow meter may be mechanical, optical, electromagnetic, etc. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/388/
Cruise: RR2105
RR2105
R/V Roger Revelle
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Roger Revelle
vessel
RR2105
Michael R. Stukel
Florida State University
R/V Roger Revelle
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Roger Revelle
vessel