http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/1003412 eng; USA utf8 dataset Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 2026-08-03 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Kāne'ohe Bay SF₆ and Rhodamine WT data from the Gas exchange in shallow ocean environments project of the OCB,U.S. SOLAS programs 2026-08-03 publication 2026-08-03 revision BCO-DMO Linked Data URI 2026-08-03 creation http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/1003412 David T. Ho University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa principalInvestigator Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. publisher Cite this dataset as: Dobashi, R., Ho, D. T. (2026) Kāne'ohe Bay SF₆ and Rhodamine WT data. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2026-08-03 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/1003412 [access date] Kāne'ohe Bay SF₆ and Rhodamine WT data Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: &lt;p&gt;We conducted tracer release experiments using SF₆ and a dye. We bubbled SF₆ into a 2-liter (L) plastic bottle that was half-filled with seawater from the bay. After adding 2 L of Rhodamine WT (20% solution) to a 20-L carboy, we filled the carboy with bay water and the SF₆-infused water. We gently released this tracer-enriched water into the Kāne'ohe Bay at the study site in the morning (~19:30 UTC; ~9:30 local time) from 15 to 19 August (year day (YD) 227 to 231) 2022.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;We slowly traversed the tracer patch multiple times, collecting discrete water samples for SF₆ while continuously measuring Rhodamine WT within the patch. Following the procedures of Ho et al. (2000), we collected each SF₆ sample using a 50 milliliter (mL) glass syringe, with 30 mL of water drawn into the syringe. We submerged the syringes in a water-filled cooler for later measurements in the laboratory. We collected ~4 discrete SF₆ samples during each transect. We measured Rhodamine WT every 5 seconds using a YSI EXO1 sonde with a Rhodamine sensor. The sensor has a detection range of 0 to 1,000 micrograms per liter (μg L⁻¹, with an accuracy of 0.1 μg L⁻¹. We recorded data from the Rhodamine sensor using a GPS-equipped computer to track the precise time and location of each measurement. Sampling continued until the tracer patch exited the area of interest (~5 hours).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In the laboratory, we created a headspace in each syringe with UHP nitrogen gas (N₂) and shook each one for at least 3 minutes to achieve equilibration. After equilibration, we injected the sample gas into a sample loop, using magnesium perchlorate (MgClO₄)₂ to remove water vapor. We then transferred the loop contents to a mol sieve 5A column at 60 degrees Celsius (°C) to separate SF₆ and other gases, and measured SF₆ concentrations using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD; Shimadzu GC-8A). Measurement reproducibility was within 4%.&lt;/p&gt; Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1829911 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award/?AWD_ID=1829911 Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1829657 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award/?AWD_ID=1829657 Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1829993 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award/?AWD_ID=1829993 onGoing David T. Ho University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 808-956-3311 Department of Oceanography 1000 Pope Rd Honolulu HI 96822 USA ho@hawaii.edu pointOfContact asNeeded Dataset Version: 1 Unknown ISO_DateTime_UTC SF6_fmol_L gas chromatograph (Shimadzu GC-8A) YSI EXO1 theme None, User defined ISO_DateTime_UTC SF6 featureType BCO-DMO Standard Parameters Gas Chromatograph YSI EXO multiparameter water quality sondes instrument BCO-DMO Standard Instruments otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use. Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry http://us-ocb.org/ Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry The Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) program focuses on the ocean's role as a component of the global Earth system, bringing together research in geochemistry, ocean physics, and ecology that inform on and advance our understanding of ocean biogeochemistry. The overall program goals are to promote, plan, and coordinate collaborative, multidisciplinary research opportunities within the U.S. research community and with international partners. Important OCB-related activities currently include: the Ocean Carbon and Climate Change (OCCC) and the North American Carbon Program (NACP); U.S. contributions to IMBER, SOLAS, CARBOOCEAN; and numerous U.S. single-investigator and medium-size research projects funded by U.S. federal agencies including NASA, NOAA, and NSF. The scientific mission of OCB is to study the evolving role of the ocean in the global carbon cycle, in the face of environmental variability and change through studies of marine biogeochemical cycles and associated ecosystems. The overarching OCB science themes include improved understanding and prediction of: 1) oceanic uptake and release of atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases and 2) environmental sensitivities of biogeochemical cycles, marine ecosystems, and interactions between the two. The OCB Research Priorities (updated January 2012) include: ocean acidification; terrestrial/coastal carbon fluxes and exchanges; climate sensitivities of and change in ecosystem structure and associated impacts on biogeochemical cycles; mesopelagic ecological and biogeochemical interactions; benthic-pelagic feedbacks on biogeochemical cycles; ocean carbon uptake and storage; and expanding low-oxygen conditions in the coastal and open oceans. OCB largerWorkCitation program United States Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study http://www.us-solas.org/ United States Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study The Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) program is designed to enable researchers from different disciplines to interact and investigate the multitude of processes and interactions between the coupled ocean and atmosphere. Oceanographers and atmospheric scientists are working together to improve understanding of the fate, transport, and feedbacks of climate relevant compounds, and also weather and hazards that are affected by processes at the surface ocean. Oceanographers and atmospheric scientists are working together to improve understanding of the fate, transport, and feedbacks of climate relevant compounds. Physical, chemical, and biological research near the ocean-atmosphere interface must be performed in synergy to extend our current knowledge to adequately understand and forecast changes on short and long time frames and over local and global spatial scales. The findings obtained from SOLAS are used to improve knowledge at process scale that will lead to better quantification of fluxes of climate relevant compounds such as CO2, sulfur and nitrogen compounds, hydrocarbons and halocarbons, as well as dust, energy and momentum. This activity facilitates a fundamental understanding to assist the societal needs for climate change, environmental health, weather prediction, and national security. The US SOLAS program is a component of the International SOLAS program where collaborations are forged with investigators around the world to examine SOLAS issues ubiquitous to the world's oceans and atmosphere. » International SOLAS Web site Science Implementation Strategy Reports US-SOLAS (4 MB PDF file) Other SOLAS reports are available for download from the US SOLAS Web site U.S. SOLAS largerWorkCitation program Collaborative Research: Influence of wind and bottom generated turbulence on air-sea gas exchange in shallow water environments https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/990549 Collaborative Research: Influence of wind and bottom generated turbulence on air-sea gas exchange in shallow water environments <p><em><strong>NSF Award Abstract:</strong></em><br /> Air-sea transfers of energy and gases are critically important for predictions of short-term weather, as well as long term climate trends. Over the past decades, considerable effort has been devoted to parameterizing these fluxes in terms of widely measured variables such as wind speed. However, these parameterizations are inadequate in shallow coastal regions where fetch, waves, and bottom-generated turbulence influence the physical mechanisms responsible for the air-sea fluxes, which have implications for our ability to understand important environmental processes such as coral reef metabolism or carbon cycling. Furthermore, shallow coastal water ecosystems are susceptible to anthropogenic pollution, leading to hypoxia or anoxia. In order to understand the future states of these ecosystems that are exposed to continued anthropogenic perturbations, biogeochemical budgets and fluxes have to be established, including exchanges across the air-water interface, i.e., they require quantitative knowledge of factors controlling gas exchange. This project will measure the air-sea gas fluxes and multiple physical variables contributing to their variability in a shallow coral reef. It is anticipated that the results from this study will yield improved understanding of the influence of physical processes such as wind, currents, waves on producing surface-, and bottom-driven turbulence, and how they control air-sea gas exchange in shallow coastal waters. They should also allow these processes to be parameterized in terms of easily measured environmental variables such as wind speeds, current velocities, and water depth. On a more local level, the PIs will continue their efforts toward disseminating scientific understanding in the field of physical and chemical oceanography by participating in undergraduate research opportunities, local science events targeted at K-12 students, and graduate student advising. This project will provide multidisciplinary training to two graduate students, and an undergraduate student.</p> <p>A series of experiments will be performed over two consecutive years on the barrier reef of Kane'ohe Bay, Hawaii to determine factors that control gas exchange in shallow ocean environments. During the experiment, gas transfer velocities will be measured with tracers (N2O, SF6, Rhodamine WT) and eddy covariance of CO2, along with concurrent measurements of processes such as wind, current, waves and turbulence. With the data collected in Kane'ohe Bay, the PIs will: (i) Assess when or whether it is valid to apply open ocean wind speed/gas exchange parameterizations to shallow water environments (ii) Improve our understanding of how physical processes such as wind, currents, waves interact with the shallow bottom to produce surface-, and bottom-driven turbulence (iii) Examine how surface and bottom generated turbulence control air-sea gas exchange in shallow coastal waters (iv) Parameterize gas exchange in shallow water environments in terms of easily measured environmental variables such as wind speeds, current velocities, and water depth.</p> <p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p> Gas exchange in shallow ocean environments largerWorkCitation project eng; USA oceans -157.79634 -157.7881 21.46384 21.46721 2022-08-17 2022-08-20 Kāneʻohe Bay, Hawai&#039;i 0 BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Kāne'ohe Bay SF₆ and Rhodamine WT data from the Gas exchange in shallow ocean environments project of the OCB,U.S. SOLAS programs Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1003425.rdf Name: ISO_DateTime_UTC Units: unitless Description: <p>Date and time (Coordinated Universal Time: UTC) in ISO 8601 format.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1003427.rdf Name: SF6_fmol_L Units: femtomoles per liter (fmol/L) Description: <p>sulfur hexafluoride concentration</p> GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/1003412/data/download download onLine dataset &lt;p&gt;We conducted tracer release experiments using SF₆ and a dye. We bubbled SF₆ into a 2-liter (L) plastic bottle that was half-filled with seawater from the bay. After adding 2 L of Rhodamine WT (20% solution) to a 20-L carboy, we filled the carboy with bay water and the SF₆-infused water. We gently released this tracer-enriched water into the Kāne'ohe Bay at the study site in the morning (~19:30 UTC; ~9:30 local time) from 15 to 19 August (year day (YD) 227 to 231) 2022.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;We slowly traversed the tracer patch multiple times, collecting discrete water samples for SF₆ while continuously measuring Rhodamine WT within the patch. Following the procedures of Ho et al. (2000), we collected each SF₆ sample using a 50 milliliter (mL) glass syringe, with 30 mL of water drawn into the syringe. We submerged the syringes in a water-filled cooler for later measurements in the laboratory. We collected ~4 discrete SF₆ samples during each transect. We measured Rhodamine WT every 5 seconds using a YSI EXO1 sonde with a Rhodamine sensor. The sensor has a detection range of 0 to 1,000 micrograms per liter (μg L⁻¹, with an accuracy of 0.1 μg L⁻¹. We recorded data from the Rhodamine sensor using a GPS-equipped computer to track the precise time and location of each measurement. Sampling continued until the tracer patch exited the area of interest (~5 hours).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In the laboratory, we created a headspace in each syringe with UHP nitrogen gas (N₂) and shook each one for at least 3 minutes to achieve equilibration. After equilibration, we injected the sample gas into a sample loop, using magnesium perchlorate (MgClO₄)₂ to remove water vapor. We then transferred the loop contents to a mol sieve 5A column at 60 degrees Celsius (°C) to separate SF₆ and other gases, and measured SF₆ concentrations using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD; Shimadzu GC-8A). Measurement reproducibility was within 4%.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) &lt;p&gt;No data processing was conducted.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) currently being processed Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers asNeeded 7.x-1.1 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact gas chromatograph (Shimadzu GC-8A) gas chromatograph (Shimadzu GC-8A) PI Supplied Instrument Name: gas chromatograph (Shimadzu GC-8A) PI Supplied Instrument Description:A gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector (GC-8A, SHIMADZU). Instrument Name: Gas Chromatograph Instrument Short Name:Gas Chromatograph Instrument Description: Instrument separating gases, volatile substances, or substances dissolved in a volatile solvent by transporting an inert gas through a column packed with a sorbent to a detector for assay. (from SeaDataNet, BODC) Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB02/ YSI EXO1 YSI EXO1 PI Supplied Instrument Name: YSI EXO1 PI Supplied Instrument Description:YSI EXO1 sonde with a Rhodamine, temperature, and salinity sensor. Instrument Name: YSI EXO multiparameter water quality sondes Instrument Short Name:YSI EXO Instrument Description: Comprehensive multi-parameter, water-quality monitoring sondes designed for long-term monitoring, profiling and spot sampling. The EXO sondes are split into several categories: EXO1 Sonde, EXO2 Sonde, EXO3 Sonde. Each category has a slightly different design purpose with the EXO2 and EXO3 containing more sensor ports than the EXO1. Data are collected using up to four user-replaceable sensors and an integral pressure transducer. Users communicate with the sonde via a field cable to an EXO Handheld, via Bluetooth wireless connection to a PC, or a USB connection to a PC. Typical parameter specifications for relevant sensors include dissolved oxygen with ranges of 0-50 mg/l, with a resolution of +/- 0.1 mg/l, an accuracy of 1 percent of reading for values between 0-20 mg/l and an accuracy of +/- 5 percent of reading for values 20-50 mg/l. Temp ranges are from-5 to +50 degC, with an accuracy of +/- 0.001 degC. Conductivity has a range of 0-200 mS/cm, with an accuracy of +/-0.5 percent of reading + 0.001 mS/cm and a resolution of 0.0001 - 0.01 mS/cm.