http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/1006750
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2026-09-01
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
14C and 13C measurements of particulate and sedimentary organic carbon from the Santa Clara River, California, during the 2023–2024 El Niño event
2026-09-01
publication
2026-09-01
revision
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)
2026-09-03
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.1006750.1
Ellen R.M. Druffel
University of California-Irvine
principalInvestigator
Niels Hauksson
University of California-Irvine
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Druffel, E. R., Hauksson, N. (2026) 14C and 13C measurements of particulate and sedimentary organic carbon from the Santa Clara River, California, during the 2023–2024 El Niño event. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2026-09-01 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.1006750.1 [access date]
Santa Clara River C isotope data 2023-24 Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Sample Site Description</strong></p>
<p>The SCR (Santa Clara River) is a SMR (small mountainous river) with a watershed area of 4232 km<sup>2</sup>, (Henry et al. 2024; Swain et al. 2018). The river is in Ventura and Los Angeles Counties and 37% of the basin is controlled by dams (Brownlie and Taylor, 1981). Rainfall occurs in the winter, resulting in high streamflow from December to March, and dry periods during the rest of the year, typical of a Mediterranean climate. Sediment and POC samples were collected from the SCR after high flow periods from four precipitation events.</p>
<p>Samples were collected from the mouth of the Santa Clara River at three locations: 1) river water (for particulate organic carbon POC) from Santa Clara River Bridge, Highway 101, Oxnard, CA at 34.230, -119.259; 2) river silt (for sedimentary organic carbon SOC) at 34.230, -119.261, and 3) beach sand (SOC) at 34.230, -119.262.&nbsp;Bottle casts were conducted by hand from the Santa Clara River Bridge, Highway 101, CA (1 m depth) and sediment collection from the estuary during December 2023-April 2024. All samplings took place during rain events.</p>
<p><strong>Particulate Matter Collection and Sample Processing</strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;All glass sampling equipment was soaked in 10% HCl for &gt; 2 hours, rinsed with Milli-Q water, and baked at 540˚C for 2 hours. Metal sampling equipment was baked at 540˚C for 2 hours. Bottle and jar lids were lined with Teflon tape cleaned in Chromerge.</p>
<p>River water was collected by submerging a 2.5L glass bottle deployed by rope from the SCR Bridge. The samples were stored on ice for up to 24 hours until vacuum filtered in the lab using pre-combusted 2.2μm quartz fiber filters. The filters were frozen in glass petri dishes, wrapped in clean aluminum foil and plastic bags. For isotope analyses, filters were cut into sections using a razor blade cleaned with methanol, transferred into quartz combustion tubes, then acidified with 3% H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> overnight and dried in vacuo.</p>
<p><strong>Riverbank Sediment Collection and Processing</strong></p>
<p>Sediment from the top 3 cm of the riverbank were collected in glass jars and stored on ice for up to 24 hours until transport to the lab, and frozen. Sub-samples were taken by thawing, and weighing approximately 200 mg of sediment in a petri dish before fumigation with concentrated HCl for 3 to 4 hours (Komada et al. 2008). Samples were transferred into quartz combustion tubes with quartz wool and dried in vacuo. Moisture content of sediment samples was determined by drying samples at 40˚C to a constant mass.</p>
<p><strong><sup>14</sup>C Analysis</strong></p>
<p>Cupric oxide and silver were added to the quartz tubes, then vacuum sealed and combusted to CO<sub>2</sub> at 850˚C for 2 hours. The CO<sub>2</sub> was cryogenically purified and reduced to graphite using zinc reductant and iron catalyst (Xu et al. 2007; Walker and Xu 2019). <sup>14</sup>C analyses were performed at the Keck Carbon Cycle AMS (KCCAMS) Laboratory at UCI by our group. Uncertainties for river POC and sediment OC samples was determined by pooled standard deviation of replicates (McNaught and Wilkinson, 1997). Uncertainty of river POC ∆<sup>14</sup>C values was ±4‰ and that for estuary sediment OC ∆<sup>14</sup>C values was ±45‰, and were high due to heterogeneity of the samples.</p>
<p><strong><sup>13</sup>C Analysis</strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;The CO<sub>2</sub> obtained from combusted samples for <sup>14</sup>C analysis were split after equilibration for at least 2 minutes to prevent fractionation. The split was analyzed for δ<sup>13</sup>C using a Finnigan Delta Plus mass spectrometer at UCI. Uncertainty was determined using pooled standard deviation of replicates (McNaught and Wilkinson, 1997). River POC samples have an uncertainty of ± 0.1 ‰; estuary sediment OC samples have an uncertainty of ± 0.5 ‰ and were high due to heterogeneity of the samples.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2401563 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2401563
completed
Ellen R.M. Druffel
University of California-Irvine
949-824-2116
Dept of Earth System Science Croul Hall
Irvine
CA
92697
USA
edruffel@uci.edu
pointOfContact
Niels Hauksson
University of California-Irvine
nhauksson@gmail.com
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
UCID_sample_number
sample_type
site_name
filter_number
date_collected
D14C
D14C_error
d13C
d13C_error
latitude
longitude
Keck Carbon Cycle AMS (KCCAMS)
Finnigan Delta Plus mass spectrometer
theme
None, User defined
sample identification
sample type
site
sample description
date
14C
No BCO-DMO term
d13C
latitude
longitude
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Accelerator Mass Spectrometer
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
RAPID: The effect of El Nino on delivery of organic carbon in the Santa Clara River, CA
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/964545
RAPID: The effect of El Nino on delivery of organic carbon in the Santa Clara River, CA
<p>NSF abstract:<br />
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) causes changes in winds and sea surface temperature over the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean. Typically, this results in above average rainfall in Southern California. This project aims to understand how high rainfall associated with ENSO influences the delivery of carbon from land to the ocean. Specifically, the scientists will evaluate whether a unique pool of aged carbon derived from eroded soils in the watershed is transported to the ocean during these events. Samples of particulate and sedimentary organic carbon will be collected from the Santa Clara River in California. The samples will be collected under different river flow conditions between December 2023 and April 2024. The chemical composition of these samples will be analyzed and compared to samples collected during previous ENSO and non-ENSO time periods. This unique set of samples will record whether there are differences in the amounts and sources of carbon delivered to the ocean under different river flow conditions. Results from this study will improve global and long-term estimates of carbon export from land to the ocean. This project will support an early career scientist and an undergraduate student at the University of California-Irvine, a Hispanic-serving institution.</p>
<p>This study will examine the sources of organic carbon (OC) delivered to the coastal zone of Southern California during the upcoming El Niño event of 2023-24. The project will test the hypothesis that extreme precipitation in the Santa Clara River watershed mobilizes a unique pool of mineral-associated OC that differs from the OC that is mobilized during normal or low precipitation years. Previous studies have shown that the mineral-associated OC mobilized during the strong El Niño of 1997-98 had higher ∆14C and d13C values than the OC exported during low flow periods. The science team will collect particulate OC (POC) and sedimentary OC (SOC) samples from the Santa Clara River under different flow conditions during the 2023-2024 El Niño event. Radiocarbon (∆14C) and stable carbon isotope values (d13C) for bulk OC, and compound specific isotope analyses of n-alkanes will be measured. These data will be compared to data obtained during time periods when precipitation and river flow conditions varied (1997-98, 2002-03, 2021-22). This combination of isotope information will allow the scientists to estimate the relative contributions of organic matter derived from different sources as well as the contribution of eroded mineral associated OC to the sediments. The project will provide research and training opportunities for a postdoc and an undergraduate student at the University of California-Irvine (UCI), a Hispanic-serving institution. The postdoc will participate in the CLEAN Education Program (Climate, Literacy, Empowerment and iNquery) and design phenomenon–based science curricula for use in local high schools and undergraduate labs in the Earth System Science Department at UCI.</p>
<p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p>
Santa Clara River POC
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
-119.262
-119.259
34.23
34.23
2023-12-21
2024-04-01
Santa Clara River CA
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from 14C and 13C measurements of particulate and sedimentary organic carbon from the Santa Clara River, California, during the 2023–2024 El Niño event
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006801.rdf
Name: UCID_sample_number
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Unique laboratory sample identification number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006802.rdf
Name: sample_type
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Sample type: Particulate organic carbon (POC) from river water or sedimentary organic carbon (SOC) from river silt or beach sand</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006803.rdf
Name: site_name
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Body of water name: SCR (Santa Clara River)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006804.rdf
Name: filter_number
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Filter number: Filter 34, Filter 42, Filter 51, Filter 60, Filter 63, Filter 69, Sand A, Sand B, Silt A, Silt B</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006805.rdf
Name: date_collected
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date sample was collected</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006806.rdf
Name: D14C
Units: ‰
Description: <p>Radiocarbon content expressed as Δ14C in per mil (‰), following the reporting conventions of Radiocarbon. Measurements were made at the Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Laboratory at the University of California, Irvine using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Samples were graphitized from CO2 using the zinc reduction method.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006807.rdf
Name: D14C_error
Units: ‰
Description: <p>Analytical uncertainty of the Δ14C measurement, in per mil (‰), expressed as the standard error of replicate analyses. </p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006808.rdf
Name: d13C
Units: ‰
Description: <p>carbon-13/carbon-12 content expressed as δ13C in per mil (‰), following the reporting conventions using secondary standards corrected to Pee Dee Belemnite limestone standard. Measurements were made at the Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Laboratory at the University of California, Irvine using using a Gas Bench II and Thermo Electron Delta Plus isotope ratio mass spectrometer.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006809.rdf
Name: d13C_error
Units: ‰
Description: <p>Analytical uncertainty of the δ13C measurement, in per mil (‰), expressed as the standard error of replicate analyses.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006810.rdf
Name: latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude of sample collection, positive is North</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/1006812.rdf
Name: longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude of samples collection, negative is West</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.1006750.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Sample Site Description</strong></p>
<p>The SCR (Santa Clara River) is a SMR (small mountainous river) with a watershed area of 4232 km<sup>2</sup>, (Henry et al. 2024; Swain et al. 2018). The river is in Ventura and Los Angeles Counties and 37% of the basin is controlled by dams (Brownlie and Taylor, 1981). Rainfall occurs in the winter, resulting in high streamflow from December to March, and dry periods during the rest of the year, typical of a Mediterranean climate. Sediment and POC samples were collected from the SCR after high flow periods from four precipitation events.</p>
<p>Samples were collected from the mouth of the Santa Clara River at three locations: 1) river water (for particulate organic carbon POC) from Santa Clara River Bridge, Highway 101, Oxnard, CA at 34.230, -119.259; 2) river silt (for sedimentary organic carbon SOC) at 34.230, -119.261, and 3) beach sand (SOC) at 34.230, -119.262.&nbsp;Bottle casts were conducted by hand from the Santa Clara River Bridge, Highway 101, CA (1 m depth) and sediment collection from the estuary during December 2023-April 2024. All samplings took place during rain events.</p>
<p><strong>Particulate Matter Collection and Sample Processing</strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;All glass sampling equipment was soaked in 10% HCl for &gt; 2 hours, rinsed with Milli-Q water, and baked at 540˚C for 2 hours. Metal sampling equipment was baked at 540˚C for 2 hours. Bottle and jar lids were lined with Teflon tape cleaned in Chromerge.</p>
<p>River water was collected by submerging a 2.5L glass bottle deployed by rope from the SCR Bridge. The samples were stored on ice for up to 24 hours until vacuum filtered in the lab using pre-combusted 2.2μm quartz fiber filters. The filters were frozen in glass petri dishes, wrapped in clean aluminum foil and plastic bags. For isotope analyses, filters were cut into sections using a razor blade cleaned with methanol, transferred into quartz combustion tubes, then acidified with 3% H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> overnight and dried in vacuo.</p>
<p><strong>Riverbank Sediment Collection and Processing</strong></p>
<p>Sediment from the top 3 cm of the riverbank were collected in glass jars and stored on ice for up to 24 hours until transport to the lab, and frozen. Sub-samples were taken by thawing, and weighing approximately 200 mg of sediment in a petri dish before fumigation with concentrated HCl for 3 to 4 hours (Komada et al. 2008). Samples were transferred into quartz combustion tubes with quartz wool and dried in vacuo. Moisture content of sediment samples was determined by drying samples at 40˚C to a constant mass.</p>
<p><strong><sup>14</sup>C Analysis</strong></p>
<p>Cupric oxide and silver were added to the quartz tubes, then vacuum sealed and combusted to CO<sub>2</sub> at 850˚C for 2 hours. The CO<sub>2</sub> was cryogenically purified and reduced to graphite using zinc reductant and iron catalyst (Xu et al. 2007; Walker and Xu 2019). <sup>14</sup>C analyses were performed at the Keck Carbon Cycle AMS (KCCAMS) Laboratory at UCI by our group. Uncertainties for river POC and sediment OC samples was determined by pooled standard deviation of replicates (McNaught and Wilkinson, 1997). Uncertainty of river POC ∆<sup>14</sup>C values was ±4‰ and that for estuary sediment OC ∆<sup>14</sup>C values was ±45‰, and were high due to heterogeneity of the samples.</p>
<p><strong><sup>13</sup>C Analysis</strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;The CO<sub>2</sub> obtained from combusted samples for <sup>14</sup>C analysis were split after equilibration for at least 2 minutes to prevent fractionation. The split was analyzed for δ<sup>13</sup>C using a Finnigan Delta Plus mass spectrometer at UCI. Uncertainty was determined using pooled standard deviation of replicates (McNaught and Wilkinson, 1997). River POC samples have an uncertainty of ± 0.1 ‰; estuary sediment OC samples have an uncertainty of ± 0.5 ‰ and were high due to heterogeneity of the samples.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>We use custom programs that are available in our group to process the isotope measurements we make.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
This section documents curation actions performed prior to publication review with the submitter, and additional information relevant to understanding and reusing this dataset. It distinguishes changes made to the submitted (meta)data from unresolved issues and/or enhancements that improve future reuse and interoperability.
CURATION ACTIONS PERFORMED ON DATA
- Loaded RAPID BCO-DMO data Druffel.xlsx (sheet "Isotope Data"), assigning explicit column headers: UCID sample number, Sample Description and filter # and date collected, D14C, D14C_error, d13C, d13C_error, latitude, longitude; skipped rows 1-6 (multi-row header, grant note, PI note); set "" and "nd" as missing values
- Split column "Sample Description and filter # and date collected" via regex into sample_type (first 3 letters), site_name (next 3 letters), filter_number (middle text, e.g. "Filter 34", "Silt A"), and date_collected_raw (raw MM-DD-YY date string); deleted original input column
- Converted date_collected_raw (format %m-%d-%y) into new date column date_collected (output format %Y-%m-%d)
- Deleted column date_collected_raw
- Reordered columns to: UCID sample number, sample_type, site_name, filter_number, date_collected, D14C, D14C_error, d13C, d13C_error, latitude, longitude
- Renamed column "UCID sample number" to "UCID_sample_number"
- Output as 1006750_v1_santa_clara_river_isotopes.csv
CURATION ACTIONS PERFORMED ON METADATA
- BCO-DMO's standard metadata entry and text formatting steps were performed.
- Created definitions for newly created fields.
- Changed abstract from "June" to "April" to align with data and extent information.
- Adjusted title and abstract to clarify contents of dataset.
ISSUES POTENTIALLY IMPACTING REUSE
- N/A
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Keck Carbon Cycle AMS (KCCAMS)
Keck Carbon Cycle AMS (KCCAMS)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Keck Carbon Cycle AMS (KCCAMS) PI Supplied Instrument Description:14C analyses were performed at the Keck Carbon Cycle AMS (KCCAMS) Laboratory at UCI by our group. Instrument Name: Accelerator Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:AMS Instrument Description: An AMS measures "long-lived radionuclides that occur naturally in our environment. AMS uses a particle accelerator in conjunction with ion sources, large magnets, and detectors to separate out interferences and count single atoms in the presence of 1x1015 (a thousand million million) stable atoms, measuring the mass-to-charge ratio of the products of sample molecule disassociation, atom ionization and ion acceleration." AMS permits ultra low-level measurement of compound concentrations and isotope ratios that traditional alpha-spectrometry cannot provide. More from Purdue University: http://www.physics.purdue.edu/primelab/introduction/ams.html Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB17/
Finnigan Delta Plus mass spectrometer
Finnigan Delta Plus mass spectrometer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Finnigan Delta Plus mass spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:The CO2 obtained from combusted samples for 14C analysis were split and analyzed for δ13C using a Finnigan Delta Plus mass spectrometer at UCI. Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/