http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/2536
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2010-06-16
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Total carbon dioxide and total alkalinity from R/V Thomas G. Thompson TT043, TT045, TT049, TT053, TT054 cruises in the Arabian Sea in 1995 (U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea project)
2001-05-08
publication
2001-05-08
revision
BCO-DMO Linked Data URI
2001-05-08
creation
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/2536
Dr Catherine Goyet
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
Frank Millero
University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
principalInvestigator
Daniel O'Sullivan
University of Miami
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Goyet, C., Millero, F., O'Sullivan, D. (2001) Total carbon dioxide and total alkalinity from R/V Thomas G. Thompson TT043, TT045, TT049, TT053, TT054 cruises in the Arabian Sea in 1995 (U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version May 8, 2001) Version Date 2001-05-08 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/2536 [access date]
Total carbon dioxide and total alkalinity Dataset Description: <p>Total carbon dioxide and total alkalinity</p> Methods and Sampling: <p>See Platform deployments for cruise specific documentation</p>
Funding provided by National Science Foundation (NSF) Award Number: unknown Arabian Sea NSF
completed
Dr Catherine Goyet
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
France
cgoyet@univ-perp.fr
pointOfContact
Frank Millero
University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
USA
fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu
pointOfContact
Daniel O'Sullivan
University of Miami
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: May 8, 2001
Unknown
event
sta
sta_std
cast
bot
press
TCO2
TALK
depth_n
sal
temp
pH_sw
Niskin Bottle
theme
None, User defined
event
No BCO-DMO term
cast
water pressure
depth nominal
salinity
water temperature at measurement depth
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Niskin bottle
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
TT043
TT045
TT049
TT053
TT054
service
Deployment Activity
U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/
U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
The United States Joint Global Ocean Flux Study was a national component of international JGOFS and an integral part of global climate change research.
The U.S. launched the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) in the late 1980s to study the ocean carbon cycle. An ambitious goal was set to understand the controls on the concentrations and fluxes of carbon and associated nutrients in the ocean. A new field of ocean biogeochemistry emerged with an emphasis on quality measurements of carbon system parameters and interdisciplinary field studies of the biological, chemical and physical process which control the ocean carbon cycle. As we studied ocean biogeochemistry, we learned that our simple views of carbon uptake and transport were severely limited, and a new "wave" of ocean science was born. U.S. JGOFS has been supported primarily by the U.S. National Science Foundation in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Energy and the Office of Naval Research. U.S. JGOFS, ended in 2005 with the conclusion of the Synthesis and Modeling Project (SMP).
U.S. JGOFS
largerWorkCitation
program
U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea
http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/research/arabian.html
U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea
<p>The U.S. Arabian Sea Expedition which began in September 1994 and ended in January 1996, had three major components: a U.S. JGOFS Process Study, supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF); Forced Upper Ocean Dynamics, an Office of Naval Research (ONR) initiative; and shipboard and aircraft measurements supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The Expedition consisted of 17 cruises aboard the R/V Thomas Thompson, year-long moored deployments of five instrumented surface buoys and five sediment-trap arrays, aircraft overflights and satellite observations. Of the seventeen ship cruises, six were allocated to repeat process survey cruises, four to SeaSoar mapping cruises, six to mooring and benthic work, and a single calibration cruise which was essentially conducted in transit to the Arabian Sea.</p>
Arabian Sea
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea
2001-05-08
Arabian Sea
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Total carbon dioxide and total alkalinity from R/V Thomas G. Thompson TT043, TT045, TT049, TT053, TT054 cruises in the Arabian Sea in 1995 (U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea project)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10007.rdf
Name: event
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>event number, from event log</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10008.rdf
Name: sta
Units: unknown
Description: <p>station number, from event log</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10009.rdf
Name: sta_std
Units: unknown
Description: <p>Arabian Sea standard station identifier</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10010.rdf
Name: cast
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>CTD cast number, from event log</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10011.rdf
Name: bot
Units: unknown
Description: <p>CTD rosette bottle number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10012.rdf
Name: press
Units: decibars
Description: <p>sample depth</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10013.rdf
Name: TCO2
Units: micromoles/kilogram
Description: <p>total carbon dioxide</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10014.rdf
Name: TALK
Units: micromoles/kilogram
Description: <p>total alkalinity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10015.rdf
Name: depth_n
Units: meters
Description: <p>depth of sample (nominal)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10016.rdf
Name: sal
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>salinity (preliminary) PSS-78</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10017.rdf
Name: temp
Units: degrees C
Description: <p>temperature (preliminary)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/10018.rdf
Name: pH_sw
Units: sea water scale
Description: <p>pH in sea water, pH scale described in DOE CO2 handbook (see Methodology for complete citation)</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
31200
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/4W35pO5H6kVOq6/tco2_TT043.csv
tco2_TT043.csv
Version May 8, 2001
Catherine Goyet, TCO2 and TALK, Process cruise 1, TTN-043
download
34662
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/4W35pOgI74mM48/tco2_TT045.csv
tco2_TT045.csv
Version May 8, 2001
PI: Frank Millero, Daniel O'Sullivan, Univ. of Miami
dataset: Total carbon dioxide, total alkalinity and pH
cruise: Arabian Sea, TTN045 Process cruise #2
ship: R/V Thomas Thompson
download
31330
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/p9mEO1GIxD958X/tco2_TT049.csv
tco2_TT049.csv
Version May 8, 2001
C. Goyet, Total CO2 and Total alkalinity, Process cruise 4, TTN-049
download
28601
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/XYl1jW3CB2mWBp/tco2_TT053.csv
tco2_TT053.csv
Version May 8, 2001
PI: Frank Millero, Dan O'Sullivan, Univ. of Miami
dataset: Total carbon dioxide, total alkalinity and pH
cruise: Arabian Sea, TTN053 Process cruise #6
ship: R/V Thomas Thompson
download
41795
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/wnwOY1PfA7YK8A/tco2_TT054.csv
tco2_TT054.csv
Version May 8, 2001
PI: Frank Millero, Daniel O'Sullivan, Univ. of Miami
dataset: Total carbon dioxide, total alkalinity and pH
cruise: Arabian Sea, TTN054 Process cruise #7
ship: R/V Thomas Thompson
download
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/2536/data/download
download
onLine
dataset
<p>See Platform deployments for cruise specific documentation</p>
from Cruise: TT043 <pre>
<b>PI:</b> Catherine Goyet
<b>of:</b> Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
<b>dataset:</b> Total carbon dioxide and total alkalinity
<b>dates:</b> January 08, 1995 to February 01, 1995
<b>location: </b> N: 22.483 S: 9.9826 W: 57.2999 E: 68.75
<b>project/cruise:</b> Arabian Sea/TTN-043 - Process Cruise 1 (Late NE Monsoon)
<b>ship:</b> R/V Thomas Thompson
Methods are described in:
DOE (1994) Handbook of Methods for the Analysis of the Various
Parameters of the Carbon Dioxide System in Sea Water; Version 2,
A.G. Dickson and C. Goyet, eds. ORNL/CDIAC-74.
</pre>
from Cruise: TT045
<pre>
<b>PI:</b> Frank Millero and Daniel O'Sullivan
<b>of:</b> University of Miami
<b>dataset:</b> Total carbon dioxide, total alkalinity and pH
<b>dates:</b> March 14, 1995 to April 08, 1995
<b>location:</b> N: 22.4853 S: 9.9993 W: 57.3007 E: 68.3455
<b>project/cruise:</b> Arabian Sea/TTN-045 - Process cruise 2 (Spring Intermonsoon)
<b>ship:</b> R/V Thomas Thompson
Caution: The depth, temp and salinity contained in this data set (as
submitted by the PI) were extracted from the preliminary version of the
bottle data and are reported here to show what was used in calculating to
gravametric units. The final version of bottle data are reported by
Lou Codispoti.
</pre>
from Cruise: TT049 <pre>
<b>PI:</b> Catherine Goyet
<b>of:</b> Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution<b>
dataset:</b> Total carbon dioxide and total alkalinity
<b>dates:</b> July 18, 1995 to August 13, 1995
<b>location:</b> N: 22.5268 S: 9.911 W: 57.2997 E: 68.7507
<b>project/cruise:</b> Arabian Sea/TTN-049 - Process Cruise 4 (Middle SW Monsoon)
<b>ship:</b> Thomas Thompson
Methods are described in:
DOE (1994) Handbook of Methods for the Analysis of the Various
Parameters of the Carbon Dioxide System in Sea Water; Version 2,
A.G. Dickson and C. Goyet, eds. ORNL/CDIAC-74.
</pre>
from Cruise: TT053 <pre>
<b>PI:</b> Frank Millero and Dan O'Sullivan
<b>of: </b> University of Miami<b>
dataset:</b> Total carbon dioxide, total alkalinity and pH
<b>dates:</b> October 29, 1995 to November 23, 1995
<b>location:</b> N: 24.3329 S: 10.0866 W: 56.5005 E: 67.1668
<b>project/cruise:</b> Arabian Sea/TTN-053 - Process cruise 6 (bio-optics)
<b>ship:</b> R/V Thomas Thompson
Caution: The depth, temp and salinity contained in this data set (as
submitted by the PI) were extracted from the preliminary version of the
bottle data and are reported here to show what was used in calculating to
gravametric units. The final version of bottle data are reported by
Lou Codispoti.
</pre>
from Cruise: TT054
<pre>
<b>PI:</b> Frank Millero and Dan O'Sullivan
<b>of: </b> University of Miami
<b>dataset:</b> Total carbon dioxide, total alkalinity and pH
<b>dates:</b> November 30, 1995 to December 25, 1995
<b>location:</b> N: 22.5011 S: 9.9789 W: 57.6326 E: 68.7757
<b>project/cruise:</b> Arabian Sea/TTN-054 - Process cruise 7 (Early NE Monsoon)
<b>ship:</b> R/V Thomas Thompson
Caution: The depth, temp and salinity contained in this data set (as
submitted by the PI) were extracted from the preliminary version of the
bottle data and are reported here to show what was used in calculating to
gravametric units. The final version of bottle data are reported by
Lou Codispoti.
</pre>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<pre>
NOTE: The depth, temp and salinity contained in this data set (as
submitted by the PI) were extracted from the preliminary version of the
bottle data and are reported here to show what was used in calculating to
gravametric units. The final version of bottle data are reported by
L. Codispoti. (JGOFS Data Management Office)
----------------------
This file briefly discribes the methods that were used to make the carbon
dioxide system measurements in the Arabian Sea on the JGOFS Process #2 cruise
by the University of Miami, CO2 group. More detailed sampling and analytical
methods descriptions can be found in the references given below.
Discrete Total Carbon Dioxide measurements:
The total inorganic carbon dioxide (TCO2) in a volume of seawater was
determined coulometrically after acidification with 8.5 % H3PO4. The system
has been used in earlier studies by Goyet and Hacker (1992) and it is similar
to the SOMMA (Single-Operator Multiparameter Metabolic Analyzer), contructed by
Johnson et al. (1987). The system is composed of five units: a DICE (Dissolved
Inorganic Carbon Extractor) which controlls the movement and delivery of acid
and sample to the stripper, a coulometer (UIC Inc., model 5011), a CO2 free N2
generator (Balston, model 74-5021), a personal computer and a printer. Nitrogen
gas from the Balston generator is split into two streams, one for pneumatic
controll of sample and acid movements, and the other for the carrier gas for
the CO2 stripped from the seawater sample. The sample is acidified (with 1 to
1.5 mls of 8.5 % phosphoric acid) and the carbon dioxide is extracted with N2
and introduced into the coulometric cell where the CO2 reacts quantitatively
with ethanolamine producing hydroxyethylcarbamic acid. Hydroxyethylcarbamic
acid is titrated by electrochemically generated hydroxide ion. The number of
electrons utilized in generating the titrant is proportional to the amount of
inorganic carbon in the original sample.
The life time of the coulometer cell is about twelve hours, after which the
cell solutions need to be changed. In addition to the cell solutions, the
water trap was changed (Gelman, 0.2 (m PTFE ACRODISC). Changing the cell
solution requires about 30 minutes. After which about three hours are need
for the system to stabalize, determine new blank values, and confirm the
calibration with analyses of CRM's. If the CRM value was not reproduced with
in 2 (mol/kg TCO2, the system was recalibrated with Na2CO3 standards. A single
measurement takes about 25 minutes, and a 24 bottle station cast can be
completed in eight hours.
Calibration of the system:
The electrical calibration of the coulometer is not perfectly accurate and the
current efficiency of the electrode processes occurring in the coulometer cell
has been shown to vary from 100 %. Consequently, the system was calibrated
using aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate which were treated as if they were
samples. The consistency of the calibration was checked for each cell solution
using the Certified Reference Material (Dr. Andrew Dickson, Marine Physical
Laboratory, La Jolla, California).
Alkalinity Titration system:
The alkalinity titration system is similar to the one used in our earlier
studies (Millero et al., 1993). The titration systems used to determined TA
consisted of a titrator (Metrohm, model 665 Dosimat) and a pH meter (Orion,
model 720A) that is controlled by a personal computer. The temperature of
both the acid titrant in a water jacketed burette and the seawater sample in a
water jacketed cell were controlled to a constant temperature of 25 0.1C with
a constant temperature bath (Neslab, model RTE 221). The plexiglass water
jacketed cells used during the cruise were similar to that used by Bradshaw et
al. (1988) except a larger volume (about 200 cm3) was used to increase the
precision. Each cell had a fill and drain valve which increased the
reproducibility of the volume of sample contained in the cell. A LabWindows-C
program was used to run the titration, record the volume of the added acid and
the emf of the electrodes using RS-232 communication interfaces. Seawater
samples were titrated by adding HCl to exceed the carbonic acid end point.
During a typical titration the emf readings are recorded after the readings
become stable ( 0.05 mV),and then a volume of acid is added to change the
voltage to a pre-assigned increment (13 mV). In contrast to the delivery of a
fixed volume increment of acid, this method gives an even distribution of data
points in the range of rapid increase in the emf near the endpoint. A full
titration (25 points) takes about 20 minutes. Using two systems a 24 bottle
station cast can be completed in 4 hours.
Selected References:
DOE (1994) Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of
the carbon dioxide system in sea water, version 2, A. G. Dickson &amp; C. Goyet,
eds.
Goyet, C. and Hacker, S.D. (1992) Procedure for calibration of a coulometric
system used for total inorganic carbon measurements. Marine Chemistry 38,
37-51
Millero, F. J., Zhang, J., Lee, K., and Campbell, D. M. (1993) Titration
alkalinity of seawater. Mar. Chem., 44:153-165.
</pre>
from Cruise: TT045 <pre>
NOTE: The depth, temp and salinity contained in this data set (as
submitted by the PI) were extracted from the preliminary version of the
bottle data and are reported here to show what was used in calculating to
gravametric units. The final version of bottle data are reported by
L. Codispoti. (JGOFS Data Management Office)
----------------------
This file briefly discribes the methods that were used to make the carbon
dioxide system measurements in the Arabian Sea on the JGOFS Process #2 cruise
by the University of Miami, CO2 group. More detailed sampling and analytical
methods descriptions can be found in the references given below.
Discrete Total Carbon Dioxide measurements:
The total inorganic carbon dioxide (TCO2) in a volume of seawater was
determined coulometrically after acidification with 8.5 % H3PO4. The system
has been used in earlier studies by Goyet and Hacker (1992) and it is similar
to the SOMMA (Single-Operator Multiparameter Metabolic Analyzer), contructed by
Johnson et al. (1987). The system is composed of five units: a DICE (Dissolved
Inorganic Carbon Extractor) which controlls the movement and delivery of acid
and sample to the stripper, a coulometer (UIC Inc., model 5011), a CO2 free N2
generator (Balston, model 74-5021), a personal computer and a printer. Nitrogen
gas from the Balston generator is split into two streams, one for pneumatic
controll of sample and acid movements, and the other for the carrier gas for
the CO2 stripped from the seawater sample. The sample is acidified (with 1 to
1.5 mls of 8.5 % phosphoric acid) and the carbon dioxide is extracted with N2
and introduced into the coulometric cell where the CO2 reacts quantitatively
with ethanolamine producing hydroxyethylcarbamic acid. Hydroxyethylcarbamic
acid is titrated by electrochemically generated hydroxide ion. The number of
electrons utilized in generating the titrant is proportional to the amount of
inorganic carbon in the original sample.
The life time of the coulometer cell is about twelve hours, after which the
cell solutions need to be changed. In addition to the cell solutions, the
water trap was changed (Gelman, 0.2 (m PTFE ACRODISC). Changing the cell
solution requires about 30 minutes. After which about three hours are need
for the system to stabalize, determine new blank values, and confirm the
calibration with analyses of CRM's. If the CRM value was not reproduced with
in 2 (mol/kg TCO2, the system was recalibrated with Na2CO3 standards. A single
measurement takes about 25 minutes, and a 24 bottle station cast can be
completed in eight hours.
Calibration of the system:
The electrical calibration of the coulometer is not perfectly accurate and the
current efficiency of the electrode processes occurring in the coulometer cell
has been shown to vary from 100 %. Consequently, the system was calibrated
using aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate which were treated as if they were
samples. The consistency of the calibration was checked for each cell solution
using the Certified Reference Material (Dr. Andrew Dickson, Marine Physical
Laboratory, La Jolla, California).
Alkalinity Titration system:
The alkalinity titration system is similar to the one used in our earlier
studies (Millero et al., 1993). The titration systems used to determined TA
consisted of a titrator (Metrohm, model 665 Dosimat) and a pH meter (Orion,
model 720A) that is controlled by a personal computer. The temperature of
both the acid titrant in a water jacketed burette and the seawater sample in a
water jacketed cell were controlled to a constant temperature of 25 0.1C with
a constant temperature bath (Neslab, model RTE 221). The plexiglass water
jacketed cells used during the cruise were similar to that used by Bradshaw et
al. (1988) except a larger volume (about 200 cm3) was used to increase the
precision. Each cell had a fill and drain valve which increased the
reproducibility of the volume of sample contained in the cell. A LabWindows-C
program was used to run the titration, record the volume of the added acid and
the emf of the electrodes using RS-232 communication interfaces. Seawater
samples were titrated by adding HCl to exceed the carbonic acid end point.
During a typical titration the emf readings are recorded after the readings
become stable ( 0.05 mV),and then a volume of acid is added to change the
voltage to a pre-assigned increment (13 mV). In contrast to the delivery of a
fixed volume increment of acid, this method gives an even distribution of data
points in the range of rapid increase in the emf near the endpoint. A full
titration (25 points) takes about 20 minutes. Using two systems a 24 bottle
station cast can be completed in 4 hours.
Selected References:
DOE (1994) Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of
the carbon dioxide system in sea water, version 2, A. G. Dickson & C. Goyet,
eds.
Goyet, C. and Hacker, S.D. (1992) Procedure for calibration of a coulometric
system used for total inorganic carbon measurements. Marine Chemistry 38,
37-51
Millero, F. J., Zhang, J., Lee, K., and Campbell, D. M. (1993) Titration
alkalinity of seawater. Mar. Chem., 44:153-165.
</pre>
from Cruise: TT053 <pre>
NOTE: The depth, temp and salinity contained in this data set (as
submitted by the PI) were extracted from the preliminary version of the
bottle data and are reported here to show what was used in calculating to
gravametric units. The final version of bottle data are reported by
L. Codispoti. (JGOFS Data Management Office)
----------------------
This file briefly discribes the methods that were used to make the carbon
dioxide system measurements in the Arabian Sea on the JGOFS Process #2 cruise
by the University of Miami, CO2 group. More detailed sampling and analytical
methods descriptions can be found in the references given below.
Discrete Total Carbon Dioxide measurements:
The total inorganic carbon dioxide (TCO2) in a volume of seawater was
determined coulometrically after acidification with 8.5 % H3PO4. The system
has been used in earlier studies by Goyet and Hacker (1992) and it is similar
to the SOMMA (Single-Operator Multiparameter Metabolic Analyzer), contructed by
Johnson et al. (1987). The system is composed of five units: a DICE (Dissolved
Inorganic Carbon Extractor) which controlls the movement and delivery of acid
and sample to the stripper, a coulometer (UIC Inc., model 5011), a CO2 free N2
generator (Balston, model 74-5021), a personal computer and a printer. Nitrogen
gas from the Balston generator is split into two streams, one for pneumatic
controll of sample and acid movements, and the other for the carrier gas for
the CO2 stripped from the seawater sample. The sample is acidified (with 1 to
1.5 mls of 8.5 % phosphoric acid) and the carbon dioxide is extracted with N2
and introduced into the coulometric cell where the CO2 reacts quantitatively
with ethanolamine producing hydroxyethylcarbamic acid. Hydroxyethylcarbamic
acid is titrated by electrochemically generated hydroxide ion. The number of
electrons utilized in generating the titrant is proportional to the amount of
inorganic carbon in the original sample.
The life time of the coulometer cell is about twelve hours, after which the
cell solutions need to be changed. In addition to the cell solutions, the
water trap was changed (Gelman, 0.2 (m PTFE ACRODISC). Changing the cell
solution requires about 30 minutes. After which about three hours are need
for the system to stabalize, determine new blank values, and confirm the
calibration with analyses of CRM's. If the CRM value was not reproduced with
in 2 (mol/kg TCO2, the system was recalibrated with Na2CO3 standards. A single
measurement takes about 25 minutes, and a 24 bottle station cast can be
completed in eight hours.
Calibration of the system:
The electrical calibration of the coulometer is not perfectly accurate and the
current efficiency of the electrode processes occurring in the coulometer cell
has been shown to vary from 100 %. Consequently, the system was calibrated
using aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate which were treated as if they were
samples. The consistency of the calibration was checked for each cell solution
using the Certified Reference Material (Dr. Andrew Dickson, Marine Physical
Laboratory, La Jolla, California).
Alkalinity Titration system:
The alkalinity titration system is similar to the one used in our earlier
studies (Millero et al., 1993). The titration systems used to determined TA
consisted of a titrator (Metrohm, model 665 Dosimat) and a pH meter (Orion,
model 720A) that is controlled by a personal computer. The temperature of
both the acid titrant in a water jacketed burette and the seawater sample in a
water jacketed cell were controlled to a constant temperature of 25 0.1C with
a constant temperature bath (Neslab, model RTE 221). The plexiglass water
jacketed cells used during the cruise were similar to that used by Bradshaw et
al. (1988) except a larger volume (about 200 cm3) was used to increase the
precision. Each cell had a fill and drain valve which increased the
reproducibility of the volume of sample contained in the cell. A LabWindows-C
program was used to run the titration, record the volume of the added acid and
the emf of the electrodes using RS-232 communication interfaces. Seawater
samples were titrated by adding HCl to exceed the carbonic acid end point.
During a typical titration the emf readings are recorded after the readings
become stable ( 0.05 mV),and then a volume of acid is added to change the
voltage to a pre-assigned increment (13 mV). In contrast to the delivery of a
fixed volume increment of acid, this method gives an even distribution of data
points in the range of rapid increase in the emf near the endpoint. A full
titration (25 points) takes about 20 minutes. Using two systems a 24 bottle
station cast can be completed in 4 hours.
Selected References:
DOE (1994) Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of
the carbon dioxide system in sea water, version 2, A. G. Dickson & C. Goyet,
eds.
Goyet, C. and Hacker, S.D. (1992) Procedure for calibration of a coulometric
system used for total inorganic carbon measurements. Marine Chemistry 38,
37-51
Millero, F. J., Zhang, J., Lee, K., and Campbell, D. M. (1993) Titration
alkalinity of seawater. Mar. Chem., 44:153-165.
</pre>
from Cruise: TT054 <pre>
NOTE: The depth, temp and salinity contained in this data set (as
submitted by the PI) were extracted from the preliminary version of the
bottle data and are reported here to show what was used in calculating to
gravametric units. The final version of bottle data are reported by
L. Codispoti. (JGOFS Data Management Office)
----------------------
This file briefly discribes the methods that were used to make the carbon
dioxide system measurements in the Arabian Sea on the JGOFS Process #2 cruise
by the University of Miami, CO2 group. More detailed sampling and analytical
methods descriptions can be found in the references given below.
Discrete Total Carbon Dioxide measurements:
The total inorganic carbon dioxide (TCO2) in a volume of seawater was
determined coulometrically after acidification with 8.5 % H3PO4. The system
has been used in earlier studies by Goyet and Hacker (1992) and it is similar
to the SOMMA (Single-Operator Multiparameter Metabolic Analyzer), contructed by
Johnson et al. (1987). The system is composed of five units: a DICE (Dissolved
Inorganic Carbon Extractor) which controlls the movement and delivery of acid
and sample to the stripper, a coulometer (UIC Inc., model 5011), a CO2 free N2
generator (Balston, model 74-5021), a personal computer and a printer. Nitrogen
gas from the Balston generator is split into two streams, one for pneumatic
controll of sample and acid movements, and the other for the carrier gas for
the CO2 stripped from the seawater sample. The sample is acidified (with 1 to
1.5 mls of 8.5 % phosphoric acid) and the carbon dioxide is extracted with N2
and introduced into the coulometric cell where the CO2 reacts quantitatively
with ethanolamine producing hydroxyethylcarbamic acid. Hydroxyethylcarbamic
acid is titrated by electrochemically generated hydroxide ion. The number of
electrons utilized in generating the titrant is proportional to the amount of
inorganic carbon in the original sample.
The life time of the coulometer cell is about twelve hours, after which the
cell solutions need to be changed. In addition to the cell solutions, the
water trap was changed (Gelman, 0.2 (m PTFE ACRODISC). Changing the cell
solution requires about 30 minutes. After which about three hours are need
for the system to stabalize, determine new blank values, and confirm the
calibration with analyses of CRM's. If the CRM value was not reproduced with
in 2 (mol/kg TCO2, the system was recalibrated with Na2CO3 standards. A single
measurement takes about 25 minutes, and a 24 bottle station cast can be
completed in eight hours.
Calibration of the system:
The electrical calibration of the coulometer is not perfectly accurate and the
current efficiency of the electrode processes occurring in the coulometer cell
has been shown to vary from 100 %. Consequently, the system was calibrated
using aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate which were treated as if they were
samples. The consistency of the calibration was checked for each cell solution
using the Certified Reference Material (Dr. Andrew Dickson, Marine Physical
Laboratory, La Jolla, California).
Alkalinity Titration system:
The alkalinity titration system is similar to the one used in our earlier
studies (Millero et al., 1993). The titration systems used to determined TA
consisted of a titrator (Metrohm, model 665 Dosimat) and a pH meter (Orion,
model 720A) that is controlled by a personal computer. The temperature of
both the acid titrant in a water jacketed burette and the seawater sample in a
water jacketed cell were controlled to a constant temperature of 25 0.1C with
a constant temperature bath (Neslab, model RTE 221). The plexiglass water
jacketed cells used during the cruise were similar to that used by Bradshaw et
al. (1988) except a larger volume (about 200 cm3) was used to increase the
precision. Each cell had a fill and drain valve which increased the
reproducibility of the volume of sample contained in the cell. A LabWindows-C
program was used to run the titration, record the volume of the added acid and
the emf of the electrodes using RS-232 communication interfaces. Seawater
samples were titrated by adding HCl to exceed the carbonic acid end point.
During a typical titration the emf readings are recorded after the readings
become stable ( 0.05 mV),and then a volume of acid is added to change the
voltage to a pre-assigned increment (13 mV). In contrast to the delivery of a
fixed volume increment of acid, this method gives an even distribution of data
points in the range of rapid increase in the emf near the endpoint. A full
titration (25 points) takes about 20 minutes. Using two systems a 24 bottle
station cast can be completed in 4 hours.
Selected References:
DOE (1994) Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of
the carbon dioxide system in sea water, version 2, A. G. Dickson & C. Goyet,
eds.
Goyet, C. and Hacker, S.D. (1992) Procedure for calibration of a coulometric
system used for total inorganic carbon measurements. Marine Chemistry 38,
37-51
Millero, F. J., Zhang, J., Lee, K., and Campbell, D. M. (1993) Titration
alkalinity of seawater. Mar. Chem., 44:153-165.
</pre>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Niskin Bottle
Niskin Bottle
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Niskin Bottle PI Supplied Instrument Description:CTD/Niskin Rosette bottles. Instrument Name: Niskin bottle Instrument Short Name:Niskin bottle Instrument Description: A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/
Cruise: TT043
TT043
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel
TT043
Michael R. Roman
University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science
http://osprey.bcodmo.org/datasetDeployment.cfm?ddid=2580&did=353&flag=view
Report describing TT043
Cruise: TT045
TT045
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel
TT045
John F. Marra
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
Cruise: TT049
TT049
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel
TT049
Richard Barber
Duke University
Cruise: TT053
TT053
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel
TT053
William M. Balch
University of Miami
Cruise: TT054
TT054
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel
TT054
Wilford D. Gardner
Texas A&M University
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel