http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/2641 eng; USA utf8 dataset Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 2010-06-16 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Bacterial abundance Thymidine & Leucine incorporation from R/V Thomas G. Thompson cruises TT007, TT011 in the Equatorial Pacific in 1992 during the U.S. JGOFS Equatorial Pacific (EqPac) project 2001-08-27 publication 2001-08-27 revision BCO-DMO Linked Data URI 2001-08-27 creation http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/2641 David L. Kirchman University of Delaware principalInvestigator Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. publisher Cite this dataset as: Kirchman, D. L. (2001) Bacterial abundance Thymidine & Leucine incorporation from R/V Thomas G. Thompson cruises TT007, TT011 in the Equatorial Pacific in 1992 during the U.S. JGOFS Equatorial Pacific (EqPac) project. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version August 27, 2001 ) Version Date 2001-08-27 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/2641 [access date] Bacterial abundance Thymidine &amp; Leucine incorporation Dataset Description: &lt;p&gt;Bacterial abundance Thymidine &amp;amp; Leucine incorporation&lt;/p&gt; Methods and Sampling: &lt;p&gt;See Platform deployments for cruise specific documentation&lt;/p&gt; completed David L. Kirchman University of Delaware 302-645-4375 School of Marine Science and Policy 700 Pilottown Road Lewes DE 19958 USA kirchman@udel.edu pointOfContact asNeeded Dataset Version: August 27, 2001 Unknown event sta cast bot depth_n thy_incorp leuc_incorp bact_het_orig bact_het_mic Niskin Bottle Trace Metal Bottle theme None, User defined event station number cast bottle number depth nominal thymidine incorporation rate leucine incorporation rate heterotrophic bacteria abundance heterotrophic bacteria abundance featureType BCO-DMO Standard Parameters Niskin bottle Trace Metal Bottle instrument BCO-DMO Standard Instruments TT007 TT011 service Deployment Activity U.S. JGOFS Equatorial Pacific place Locations otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use. U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/ U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study The United States Joint Global Ocean Flux Study was a national component of international JGOFS and an integral part of global climate change research. The U.S. launched the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) in the late 1980s to study the ocean carbon cycle. An ambitious goal was set to understand the controls on the concentrations and fluxes of carbon and associated nutrients in the ocean. A new field of ocean biogeochemistry emerged with an emphasis on quality measurements of carbon system parameters and interdisciplinary field studies of the biological, chemical and physical process which control the ocean carbon cycle. As we studied ocean biogeochemistry, we learned that our simple views of carbon uptake and transport were severely limited, and a new "wave" of ocean science was born. U.S. JGOFS has been supported primarily by the U.S. National Science Foundation in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Energy and the Office of Naval Research. U.S. JGOFS, ended in 2005 with the conclusion of the Synthesis and Modeling Project (SMP). U.S. JGOFS largerWorkCitation program U.S. JGOFS Equatorial Pacific http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/research/eqpac.html U.S. JGOFS Equatorial Pacific <p>The U.S. EqPac process study consisted of repeat meridional sections (12°N -12°S) across the equator in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific from 95°W to 170°W during 1992. The major scientific program was focused at 140° W consisting of two meridional surveys, two equatorial surveys, and a benthic survey aboard the R/V Thomas Thompson. Long-term deployments of current meter and sediment trap arrays augmented the survey cruises. NOAA conducted boreal spring and fall sections east and west of 140°W from the R/V Baldridge and R/V Discoverer. Meteorological and sea surface observations were obtained from NOAA's in place TOGA-TAO buoy network.</p> <p>The scientific objectives of this study were to determine the fluxes of carbon and related elements, and the processes controlling these fluxes between the Equatorial Pacific euphotic zone and the atmosphere and deep ocean. A broad overview of the program at the 140°W site is given by Murray et al. (Oceanography, 5: 134-142, 1992). A full description of the Equatorial Pacific Process Study, including the international context and the scientific results, appears in a series of Deep-Sea Research Part II special volumes:</p> <p>Topical Studies in Oceanography, A U.S. JGOFS Process Study in the Equatorial Pacific (1995), Deep-Sea Research Part II, Volume 42, No. 2/3.</p> <p>Topical Studies in Oceanography, A U.S. JGOFS Process Study in the Equatorial Pacific. Part 2 (1996), Deep-Sea Research Part II, Volume 43, No. 4/6.</p> <p>Topical Studies in Oceanography, A U.S. JGOFS Process Study in the Equatorial Pacific (1997), Deep-Sea Research Part II, Volume 44, No. 9/10.</p> <p>Topical Studies in Oceanography, The Equatorial Pacific JGOFS Synthesis (2002), Deep-Sea Research Part II, Volume 49, Nos. 13/14.</p> EqPac largerWorkCitation project eng; USA oceans U.S. JGOFS Equatorial Pacific 2001-08-27 Equatorial Pacific 0 BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Bacterial abundance Thymidine & Leucine incorporation from R/V Thomas G. Thompson cruises TT007, TT011 in the Equatorial Pacific in 1992 during the U.S. JGOFS Equatorial Pacific (EqPac) project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/11186.rdf Name: event Units: YYYYMMDD Description: <p>event number per event log</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/11187.rdf Name: sta Units: dimensionless Description: <p>station number from event log</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/11188.rdf Name: cast Units: dimensionless Description: <p>TM or CTD cast number from event log</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/11189.rdf Name: bot Units: dimensionless Description: <p>rosette bottle number</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/11190.rdf Name: depth_n Units: meters Description: <p>nominal sample depth</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/11191.rdf Name: thy_incorp Units: picomoles/liter/hour Description: <p>Thymidine incorporation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/11192.rdf Name: leuc_incorp Units: picomoles/liter/hour Description: <p>Leucine incorporation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/11193.rdf Name: bact_het_orig Units: cells/milliliter *10^6 Description: <p>heterotrophic bacteria abundance, original units; microscopy</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/11194.rdf Name: bact_het_mic Units: cells/milliliter Description: <p>heterotrophic bacteria abundance, DMO converted units; microscopy</p> GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 12379 https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/k6LyJ33Ik7No5E/bacteria_TT007.csv bacteria_TT007.csv Version August 27, 2001 (previous version April 22, 1998) PI: David Kirchman of: University of Delaware dataset: Bacterial abundance, Thymidine amd Leucine incorporation cruise: EQPAC/TTN007 ship: R/V Thomas Thompson download 7802 https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/l8gzK33TAMj0Nq/bacteria_TT011.csv bacteria_TT011.csv Version August 27, 2001 (previous version April 22, 1998) PI: David Kirchman of: University of Delaware dataset: Bacterial abundance, Thymidine amd Leucine incorporation cruise: EQPAC/TTN011 ship: R/V Thomas Thompson download https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/2641/data/download download onLine dataset &lt;p&gt;See Platform deployments for cruise specific documentation&lt;/p&gt; from Cruise: TT007 <pre> <b>PI:</b> David Kirchman <b>of:</b> University of Delaware <b>dataset:</b> Bacterial abundance Thymidine & Leucine incorporation <b>dates:</b> February 04, 1992 to March 08, 1992 <b>location:</b> N: 11.972 S: -12.2083 W: -140.7452 E: -134.7269 <b>project/cruise:</b> EQPAC/TT007 - Spring Survey <b>ship:</b> Thomas Thompson <b>DMO cautionary note:</b> The DMO suspects a depth error in event 02261720 bottle number 22 depth 20 meters. Murray's final bottle cast file reports this bottle tripping at a nominal depth of 30 meters. The DMO suspects that event number 03071545 should be changed to 03061530. Doing so would correct for bottle number and depth misalignments. <a href="http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/eqpac-docs/proto-11.html">Methodology</a> <a href="http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/PI-NOTES/Kirchman_bact.html">PI-Notes</a> <b><a href="http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/eqpac-docs/bottleQC.html">EqPac bottle quality review summary from DMO</a></b> </pre> <p> Samples from the upper 200 m were collected during hydrocases with a trace-metal-free rosette (Moss Landing).<br> Samples for estimation of bacterial abundance and biovolume (20--100 ml, depending on depth) were preserved with particle-free 1.0 % glutaraldehyde then filtered within 24 h onto black Poretics polycarbonate filters (0.2 �m pore size), stained with acridine orange (Hobbie et al., 1977) and mounted in Cargille Type A immersion oil on slides and stored frozen until examination. Samples for microscopy were not replicated. All samples were enumerated using a Zeiss Axiophot microscope (final magnification 1613 x). Biovolume was estimated using the 386-based Zeiss VIDAS VIDEOPLAN Image Analysis system which acquired images from a Dage-MTI Nuvicon video camera connected to the Axiophot microscope through a Dage gen-II image intensifier. In our configuration this imaging system projects 0.2 �m spheres onto an area of approximately 17 pixels. We measure length and width (D and D), perimeter and area of approximately 300 cells in each sample. The measurements are calibrated by measuring fluorescent spheres of various sizes (Polysciences Corp.). </p> from Cruise: TT011 <pre> <strong>PI:</strong> David Kirchman <strong>of:</strong> University of Delaware <strong>dataset:</strong> Bacterial abundance Thymidine &amp; Leucine incorporation <strong>dates:</strong> August 10, 1992 to September 14, 1992 <strong>location:</strong> N: 12.025 S: -11.9717 W: -140.67 E: -134.95 <strong>project/cruise:</strong> EQPAC/TT011 - Fall Survey <strong>ship:</strong> Thomas Thompson Comments on Bacterial Data from TT007, First EqPac Survey Cruise The data on bacterial abundance can be used to calculate bacterial biomass (the common assumption is 20 fg C/cell) and the incorporation rates of thymidine (TdR) and leucine (Leu) can be used to calculate bacterial production. Any one using these data are encouraged to contact D.Kirchman (U.Delaware) for an update on proper factors for converting incorporation rates into bacterial production. The depths indicate in this data set are those original targeted for the particular casts. That is, none of them have been changed to reflect current guesses of where the samples were actually taken. Also, we noted some samples that were clearly anomalous, but again we did not delete or change these. Some of these anomalous values may be due to problems with the CTD bottles, but others are clearly not. - Dave Kirchman </pre> <h2>Measurement of Bacterial Biomass and Production (EqPac)</h2> <p><strong>Hugh W. Ducklow and David L. Kirchman</strong></p> <hr /> <p><strong>Thymidine and Leucine Incorporation</strong></p> <p>Samples from the upper 200 m were collected during hydrocases with a trace-metal-free rosette (Moss Landing) and processed immediately following collection. Short-term incorporation assays followed procedures described in Ducklow <em> et al.</em> (1992a). Duplicate 30 ml samples were amended with methyl-<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny_3.gif" />H-thymidine (New England Nuclear, sp. act. &gt;75 Ci mmol<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny-1.gif" />; 10 nM final concl.) and incubated at or near <em> in situ</em> water temperatures in screwtop polycarbonate centrifuge tubes in chilled water bath incubators. Following incubation periods of ca. 1--3 h, the incubation was terminated with the addition of 0.5 % formalin. To measure nonspecific incorporation, these samples were filtered onto Sartorius cellulose nitrate membranes (0.22 µm pore size, extracted by rinsing the filters over a vacuum three times with ice-cold 5 % trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and three times with 80 % ethanol, as suggested in Wicks and Robarts (1988). To measure incorporation into DNA only, separate parallel samples were extracted in 0.25 n NaOH (final conc.) and chilled on ice. These samples were stored on ice for up to 48 hours, then neutralized with ice-cold 100 % TCA (final conc. 20 %), and filtered onto 22 mm dia. 0.2 µm cellulose nitrate membrane filters. Finally the samples wre extracted on the filter holders by rinsing three times each with 50 % chloroform-phenol (a 1:1 c/c mixture of liquified phenol and chloroform) and with 80 % ethanol to purify the labelled DNA (Wicks and Robarts, 1987). Zero-time controls were subtracted to correct for adsorption and other abiotic effects. The cellulose nitrate filters were packed tightly into 7 ml glass scintillation vials and dissolved in 1.0 ml of ethyl acetate, prior to addition of Ultima Gold biodegradeable scintillation cocktail (Packard). Samples were counted aboard ship on the T.G. Thompson scintillation counter.</p> <p><img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny_3.gif" />H-leucine incorporation was estimated in parallel incubations of samples inoculated with 0.5 nM <img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny_3.gif" />H-leuchine (New England Nuclear, sp. act. 153 Ci mmol<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny-1.gif" /> ) and 10 nM unlabeled leucine (Kirchman <em>et al.</em>, 1985), for a final leucine concentration (hot plus cold) of 10.5 nM 30 ml leucine samples were filtered onto replicate 22 mm dia. 0.22 µm cellulose nitrate filters and extracted with ice cold 5 % TCA and ethanol as described above.</p> <p><strong>Bacterial Abundance and Biomass</strong></p> <p>Samples for estimation of bacterial abundance and biovolume (20--100 ml, depending on depth) were preserved with particle-free 1.0 % glutaraldehyde then filtered within 24 h onto black Poretics polycarbonate filters (0.2 µm pore size), stained with acridine orange (Hobbie <em> et al.</em>, 1977) and mounted in Cargille Type A immersion oil on slides and stored frozen until examination. Samples for microscopy were not replicated. All samples were enumerated using a Zeiss Axiophot microscope (final magnification 1613 x). Biovolume was estimated using the 386-based Zeiss VIDAS VIDEOPLAN Image Analysis system which acquired images from a Dage-MTI Nuvicon video camera connected to the Axiophot microscope through a Dage gen-II image intensifier. In our configuration this imaging system projects 0.2 µm spheres onto an area of approximately 17 pixels. We measure length and width (D<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/sub_min.gif" /> and D<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/sub_max.gif" />), perimeter and area of approximately 300 cells in each sample. The measurements are calibrated by measuring fluorescent spheres of various sizes (Polysciences Corp.). Biovolumes (V) are calculated using an algorithm (Baldwin and Bankston, 1988) which derives linear dimensions from the image analyzer's estimates of cellular perimeter, (C) and area, (A):</p> <pre> <em> V = 4/3( <img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/pi.gif" />r<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny_2.gif" /> ) + 2<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/pi.gif" />h, where (1)</em> _______ <em> (C ± <img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/sqrt.gif" />C<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny_2.gif" /> -4<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/pi.gif" />A ) r (cell radius) = ______________ and (2) 2<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/pi.gif" /></em> <em> A - <img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/pi.gif" /> r<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny_2.gif" /> h (height) = ________ (3) 2r </em> </pre> <p>To estimate bacterial production rates from the incorporation results, conversion factors and derived empirically, loosely following the experimental design first proposed by Kirchman <em> et al.</em> (1982), and described more fully in Ducklow <em> et al.</em> (1992b). Cell volume data can be converted to biomass using various factors centering around 20 fg C 0.1 µm<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny-3.gif" />.</p> <p><strong>NB:</strong> These protocols closely follow methods used in JGOFS NABE by the same PI's and are quite similar to protocols in use in BATS.</p> <p><strong>Literature Cited</strong></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>Baldwin, W.W. and P.W. Bankston (1988).</p> <p>Measurement of live bacteria by Nomarski interference microscopy and stereologic methods as tested with macroscopic rod-shaped models. <em> Applied and Environmental Microbiology</em>, <strong>54:</strong> 105--109.</p> <p>Ducklow, H.W., D.L. Kirchman, H.L. Quinby, C.A. Carlson and H.G. Dam (1992a).</p> <p>Response of bacterioplankton to the spring phytoplankton bloom in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean. <em> Deep-Sea Research</em>, (in press).</p> <p>Ducklow, H.W., D.L. Kirchman and H.L. Quinby (1992b).</p> <p>Bacterioplankton cell growth and macromolecular synthesis in seawater cultures during the North Atlantic spring phytoplankton bloom, May 1989. <em> Microbial Ecology</em>, (in press).</p> <p>Hobbie, J.E., R.J. Daley and S. Jasper (1977).</p> <p>Use of Nuclepore filters for counting bacteria by fluorescence microscopy. <em> Applied and Environmental Microbiology</em>, <strong>33:</strong> 1225--1228.</p> <p>Kirchman, D.L., H.W. Ducklow and R. Mitchell (1982).</p> <p>Estimates of bacterial growth from changes in uptake rates and biomass. <em> Applied and Environmental Microbiology</em>, <strong>44:</strong> 1296--1307.</p> <p>Kirchman, D.L., E. K'nees and R. Hodson (1985).</p> <p>Leucine incorporation and its potential as a measure of protein synthesis by bacteria in natural waters. <em> Applied and Environmental Microbiology</em>, <strong>49:</strong> 599--607.</p> <p>Wicks, R.J. and R.D. Robarts (1987).</p> <p>The extraction and purification of DNA labelled with [methyl-<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny_3.gif" />H] thymidine in aquatic bacterial production studies. <em> Journal of Plankton Resesearch</em>, <strong>9:</strong> 1167--1181.</p> <p>Wicks, R.J. and R.D. Robarts (1988).</p> <p>Ethanol extraction requirement for purification of protein labeled with [<img src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/usjgofs.whoi.edu/smallgifs/tiny_3.gif" />H] leucine in aquatic bacterial production studies. <em> Applied and Environmental Microbiology</em>, {f 54(12):} 3191--3193.</p> Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) &lt;p&gt;Samples were processed immediately following collection. Short-term incorporation assays followed procedures described in Ducklow et al. (1992a). Duplicate 30 ml samples were amended with methyl-H-thymidine (New England Nuclear, sp. act. &amp;gt;75 Ci mmol; 10 nM final concl.) and incubated at or near in situ water temperatures in screwtop polycarbonate centrifuge tubes in chilled water bath incubators. Following incubation periods of ca. 1--3 h, the incubation was terminated with the addition of 0.5 % formalin. To measure nonspecific incorporation, these samples were filtered onto Sartorius cellulose nitrate membranes (0.22 um pore size, extracted by rinsing the filters over a vacuum three times with ice-cold 5 % trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and three times with 80 % ethanol, as suggested in Wicks and Robarts (1988). To measure incorporation into DNA only, separate parallel samples were extracted in 0.25 n NaOH (final conc.) and chilled on ice. These samples were stored on ice for up to 48 hours, then neutralized with ice-cold 100 % TCA (final conc. 20 %), and filtered onto 22 mm dia. 0.2 um cellulose nitrate membrane filters. Finally the samples wre extracted on the filter holders by rinsing three times each with 50 % chloroform-phenol (a 1:1 c/c mixture of liquified phenol and chloroform) and with 80 % ethanol to purify the labelled DNA (Wicks and Robarts, 1987). Zero-time controls were subtracted to correct for adsorption and other abiotic effects. The cellulose nitrate filters were packed tightly into 7 ml glass scintillation vials and dissolved in 1.0 ml of ethyl acetate, prior to addition of Ultima Gold biodegradeable scintillation cocktail (Packard). Samples were counted aboard ship on the T.G. Thompson scintillation counter.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;H-leucine incorporation was estimated in parallel incubations of samples inoculated with 0.5 nM H-leuchine (New England Nuclear, sp. act. 153 Ci mmol ) and 10 nM unlabeled leucine (Kirchman et al., 1985), for a final leucine concentration (hot plus cold) of 10.5 nM 30 ml leucine samples were filtered onto replicate 22 mm dia. 0.22 um cellulose nitrate filters and extracted with ice cold 5 % TCA and ethanol as described above.&lt;/p&gt; from Cruise: TT007 Samples were processed immediately following collection. Short-term incorporation assays followed procedures described in Ducklow et al. (1992a). Duplicate 30 ml samples were amended with methyl-H-thymidine (New England Nuclear, sp. act. >75 Ci mmol; 10 nM final concl.) and incubated at or near in situ water temperatures in screwtop polycarbonate centrifuge tubes in chilled water bath incubators. Following incubation periods of ca. 1--3 h, the incubation was terminated with the addition of 0.5 % formalin. To measure nonspecific incorporation, these samples were filtered onto Sartorius cellulose nitrate membranes (0.22 �m pore size, extracted by rinsing the filters over a vacuum three times with ice-cold 5 % trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and three times with 80 % ethanol, as suggested in Wicks and Robarts (1988). To measure incorporation into DNA only, separate parallel samples were extracted in 0.25 n NaOH (final conc.) and chilled on ice. These samples were stored on ice for up to 48 hours, then neutralized with ice-cold 100 % TCA (final conc. 20 %), and filtered onto 22 mm dia. 0.2 �m cellulose nitrate membrane filters. Finally the samples wre extracted on the filter holders by rinsing three times each with 50 % chloroform-phenol (a 1:1 c/c mixture of liquified phenol and chloroform) and with 80 % ethanol to purify the labelled DNA (Wicks and Robarts, 1987). Zero-time controls were subtracted to correct for adsorption and other abiotic effects. The cellulose nitrate filters were packed tightly into 7 ml glass scintillation vials and dissolved in 1.0 ml of ethyl acetate, prior to addition of Ultima Gold biodegradeable scintillation cocktail (Packard). Samples were counted aboard ship on the T.G. Thompson scintillation counter. <p> H-leucine incorporation was estimated in parallel incubations of samples inoculated with 0.5 nM H-leuchine (New England Nuclear, sp. act. 153 Ci mmol ) and 10 nM unlabeled leucine (Kirchman et al., 1985), for a final leucine concentration (hot plus cold) of 10.5 nM 30 ml leucine samples were filtered onto replicate 22 mm dia. 0.22 �m cellulose nitrate filters and extracted with ice cold 5 % TCA and ethanol as described above. Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) asNeeded 7.x-1.1 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact Niskin Bottle Niskin Bottle PI Supplied Instrument Name: Niskin Bottle PI Supplied Instrument Description:CTD clean rosette (Niskin) bottles were used to collect water samples. Instrument Name: Niskin bottle Instrument Short Name:Niskin bottle Instrument Description: A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/ Trace Metal Bottle Trace Metal Bottle PI Supplied Instrument Name: Trace Metal Bottle PI Supplied Instrument Description:Trace metal (TM) clean rosette bottles were used to collect water samples. Instrument Name: Trace Metal Bottle Instrument Short Name:TM Bottle Instrument Description: Trace metal (TM) clean rosette bottle used for collecting trace metal clean seawater samples. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/30/ Cruise: TT007 TT007 R/V Thomas G. Thompson Community Standard Description International Council for the Exploration of the Sea R/V Thomas G. Thompson vessel TT007 James W. Murray University of Washington Cruise: TT011 TT011 R/V Thomas G. Thompson Community Standard Description International Council for the Exploration of the Sea R/V Thomas G. Thompson vessel TT011 Richard Barber Duke University R/V Thomas G. Thompson Community Standard Description International Council for the Exploration of the Sea R/V Thomas G. Thompson vessel