Nutrient measurements from Niskin bottle samples from R/V Oceanus OC404-01, OC404-04, OC415-01, OC415-03 in the Sargasso Sea from 2004-2005 (EDDIES project)

Website: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3052
Data Type: Cruise Results
Version: 1
Version Date: 2007-10-04

Project
» Eddies Dynamics, Mixing, Export, and Species composition (EDDIES)

Program
» Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB)
ContributorsAffiliationRole
McGillicuddy, Dennis J.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)Principal Investigator
Copley, NancyWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)BCO-DMO Data Manager

Abstract
Nutrient measurements from Niskin bottle samples from R/V Oceanus OC404-01, OC404-04, OC415-01, OC415-03 in the Sargasso Sea from 2004-2005.


Dataset Description

 PI:              Dennis McGillicuddy
 of:              Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)
 dataset:         Nutrient measurements from Niskin bottle samples
 platform:        R/V Oceanus
 
 Methodology: analyses performed by Paul Henderson (phenderson@whoi.edu) at 
    WHOI Nutrients Facility; for sampling methodology, please refer to
    U.S. JGOFS BATS Method Manual Version 4 (1997).  Bermuda Atlantic 
    Time-Series Study April 1997. Anthony H. Knap, Anthony F. Michaels et al., 
    136 pp. (link to BATS Method Manual version 4 local copy)

OCB DMO note: matched station number in cruise event log to add sampling location, date and time


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Parameters

ParameterDescriptionUnits
stastation number dimensionless
SID_NisNiskin ID# (#&&&$$$@@ where # is leg#, &&&=cruise #, $$$=ctd cast # and @@=niskin number) dimensionless
SID_nutssample number dimensionless
depth_ndepth, nominal meters
presspressure decibars
SiO4Silicate micromoles/liter
PO4Phosphate micromoles/liter
NO3_NO2Nitrate + Nitrite micromoles/liter
NO2Nitrite micromoles/liter
eventunique sampling event number composite of GMT date and time YYYYMMDDhhmm
datestart date of event (GMT) YYYYMMDD
timestart time of event (GMT) hhmm
lonlongitude, negative denotes West decimal degrees
latlatitude, negative denotes South decimal degrees


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Instruments

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Niskin Bottle
Generic Instrument Name
Niskin bottle
Generic Instrument Description
A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc.


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Deployments

OC404-01

Website
Platform
R/V Oceanus
Report
Start Date
2004-06-11
End Date
2004-07-03
Description
EDDIES 2004 Survey 1 cruise Funded by: NSF OCE-0241310 Original cruise data are available from the NSF R2R data catalog (Cruise DOI: 10.7284/900337)

Methods & Sampling
PI: Dennis McGillicuddy of: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) dataset: Nutrient measurements from Niskin bottle samples dates: 12 June 2004 to 02 July 2004 (20040612-20040702) location: N: 37.934 S: 29.777 W: -68.703 E: -58.754 project/cruise: EDDIES/OC404-1 2004 Survey 1 platform: R/V Oceanus Methodology: analyses performed by Paul Henderson (phenderson@whoi.edu) at WHOI Nutrients Facility; for sampling methodology, please refer to U.S. JGOFS BATS Method Manual Version 4 (1997). Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study April 1997. Anthony H. Knap, Anthony F. Michaels et al., 136 pp. (link to BATS Method Manual version 4 local copy) Change history: YYMMDD 060313: downloaded oc404_1_nuts.dat from EDDIES data Web site; added to OCB database by Cyndy Chandler, OCB DMO 071004: downloaded oc404_1_nuts_final.txt from EDDIES data Web site and prepared for OCB 090420: add event number from cruise event log OCB DMO note: match station number in cruise event log to determine sampling location, date and time Analysis Note: files listing those data that were rerun: oc404-1 Nitrate oc404-1 Phosphate oc404-1 Silicate

OC404-04

Website
Platform
R/V Oceanus
Report
Start Date
2004-07-25
End Date
2004-08-12
Description
EDDIES project 2004 Survey 2 cruise Funded by: NSF OCE-0241310 Original cruise data are available from the NSF R2R data catalog

Methods & Sampling
PI: Dennis McGillicuddy of: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) dataset: Nutrient measurements from Niskin bottle samples dates: 26 July 2004 to 11 August 2004 (20040726-20040811) location: N: 31.942 S: 29.958 W: -66.603 E: -59.450 project/cruise: EDDIES/OC404-4 2004 Survey 2 platform: R/V Oceanus Methodology: analyses performed by Paul Henderson (phenderson@whoi.edu) at WHOI Nutrients Facility; for sampling methodology, please refer to U.S. JGOFS BATS Method Manual Version 4 (1997). Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study April 1997. Anthony H. Knap, Anthony F. Michaels et al., 136 pp. (link to BATS Method Manual version 4 local copy) Change history: YYMMDD 060314: downloaded oc404_4_nuts.dat from EDDIES data Web site; added to OCB database by Cyndy Chandler, OCB DMO; 071004: downloaded oc404_4_nuts_final.txt from EDDIES data Web site and prepared for OCB database 071010: corrected column label for Nitrite (NO2) data; had been incorrectly named Ammonium (NH4); confirmed this with Paul Henderson (WHOI Nutrients Facility) 090420: add event number from cruise event log OCB DMO note: match station number in cruise event log to determine sampling location, date and time Analysis Note: file listing all samples rerun: oc404-4 Nutrient reruns Samples that have a value of 0 are below detection limit (BDL). Some of the Phosphate samples from 550 to 650 seem high.

OC415-01

Website
Platform
R/V Oceanus
Report
Start Date
2005-06-20
End Date
2005-07-15
Description
EDDIES project 2005 Survey 1 cruise Funded by: NSF OCE-0241310 Original cruise data are available from the NSF R2R data catalog

Methods & Sampling
PI: Dennis McGillicuddy of: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) dataset: Nutrient measurements from Niskin bottle samples dates: 20 June 2005 to 14 July 2005 (20050620-20050714) location: N: 40.753 S: 28.733 W: -70.546 E: -61.920 project/cruise: EDDIES/OC415-1 2005 Survey 1 platform: R/V Oceanus Methodology: analyses performed by Paul Henderson (phenderson@whoi.edu) at WHOI Nutrients Facility; for sampling methodology, please refer to U.S. JGOFS BATS Method Manual Version 4 (1997). Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study April 1997. Anthony H. Knap, Anthony F. Michaels et al., 136 pp. (link to BATS Method Manual version 4 local copy) Change history: YYMMDD 071004: downloaded oc415_1_nuts.dat from EDDIES data Web site and prepared for OCB OCB DMO note: sampling location, date and time are taken from cruise event log; nominal depth added by DMO

OC415-03

Website
Platform
R/V Oceanus
Report
Start Date
2005-08-07
End Date
2005-08-26
Description
EDDIES project 2005 Survey 2 cruise Funded by: NSF OCE-0241310 Original cruise data are available from the NSF R2R data catalog

Methods & Sampling
PI: Dennis McGillicuddy of: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) dataset: Nutrient measurements from Niskin bottle samples dates: 09 August 2005 to 25 August 2005 (20050809 - 20050825) location: N: 33.064 S: 29.279 W: -69.409 E: -63.165 project/cruise: EDDIES/OC415-3 2005 Survey 2 platform: R/V Oceanus Methodology: analyses performed by Paul Henderson (phenderson@whoi.edu) at WHOI Nutrients Facility; for sampling methodology, please refer to U.S. JGOFS BATS Method Manual Version 4 (1997). Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study April 1997. Anthony H. Knap, Anthony F. Michaels et al., 136 pp. (link to BATS Method Manual version 4 local copy) Change history: YYMMDD 071004: downloaded oc415_3_nuts.dat from EDDIES data Web site and prepared for OCB OCB DMO note: sampling location, date and time are taken from cruise event log; nominal depth added by DMO


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Project Information

Eddies Dynamics, Mixing, Export, and Species composition (EDDIES)


Coverage: Sargasso Sea


The original title of this project from the NSF award is: Collaborative Research: Impacts of Eddies and Mixing on Plankton Community Structure and Biogeochemical Cycling in the Sargasso Sea".

Prior results have documented eddy-driven transport of nutrients into the euphotic zone and the associated accumulation of chlorophyll. However, several key aspects of mesoscale upwelling events remain unresolved by the extant database, including: (1) phytoplankton physiological response, (2) changes in community structure, (3) impact on export out of the euphotic zone, (4) rates of mixing between the surface mixed layer and the base of the euphotic zone, and (5) implications for biogeochemistry and differential cycling of carbon and associated bioactive elements. This leads to the following hypotheses concerning the complex, non-linear biological regulation of elemental cycling in the ocean:

H1: Eddy-induced upwelling, in combination with diapycnal mixing in the upper ocean, introduces new nutrients into the euphotic zone.

H2: The increase in inorganic nutrients stimulates a physiological response within the phytoplankton community.

H3: Differing physiological responses of the various species bring about a shift in community structure.

H4: Changes in community structure lead to increases in export from, and changes in biogeochemical cycling within, the upper ocean.

Publications

Andrews, J.E., Hartin, C., and Buesseler, K.O.. "7Be Analyses in Seawater by Low Background Gamma-Spectroscopy.," Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, v.277, 2008, p. 253.

Andrews, J.E., Hartin, C., Buesseler, K.O.. "7Be Analyses in Seawater by Low Background Gamma-Spectroscopy," Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, v.277, 2008, p. 253.

Benitez-Nelson, C.R. and McGillicuddy, D.J.. "Mesoscale Physical-Biological-Biogeochemical Linkages in the Open Ocean: An Introduction to the Results of the E-Flux and EDDIES Programs.," Deep Sea Research II, v.55, 2008, p. 1133.

Benitez-Nelson, C.R. and McGillicuddy, D.J.. "Mesoscale Physical-Biological-Biogeochemical Linkages in the Open Ocean: An Introduction to the Results of the E-Flux and EDDIES Programs," Deep-Sea Research II, v.55, 2008, p. 1133.

Bibby, T.S., Gorbunov, M.Y., Wyman, K.W., Falkowski, P.G.. "Photosynthetic community responses to upwelling in mesoscale eddies in the subtropical North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans," Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v.55, 2008, p. 1310.

Buesseler, K.O., Lamborg, C., Cai, P., Escoube, R., Johnson, R., Pike, S., Masque, P., McGillicuddy, D.J., Verdeny, E.. "Particle Fluxes Associated with Mesoscale Eddies in the Sargasso Sea," Deep Sea Research II, v.55, 2008, p. 1426.

Carlson, C.A., del Giorgio, P., Herdl, G.. "Microbes and the dissipation of energy and respiration: From cells to ecosystems," Oceanography, v.20, 2007, p. 89.

Davis, C.S., and McGillicuddy, D.J.. "Transatlantic Abundance of the N2-Fixing Colonial Cyanobacterium Trichodesmium," Science, v.312, 2006, p. 1517.

Ewart, C.S., Meyers, M.K., Wallner, E., McGillicuddy, D.J., Carlson, C.A.. "Microbial Dynamics in Cyclonic and Anticyclonic Mode-Water Eddies in the Northwestern Sargasso Sea," Deep Sea Research II, v.55, 2008, p. 1334.

Ewart, C.S., Meyers, M.K., Wallner, E., McGillicuddy, D.J., Carlson, C.A.. "Microbial Dynamics in Cyclonic and Anticyclonic Mode-Water Eddies in the Northwestern Sargasso Sea," Deep-Sea Research II, v.55, 2008, p. 1334.

Goldthwait, S.A. and Steinberg, D.K.. "Elevated biomass of mesozooplankton and enhanced fecal pellet flux in cyclonic and mode-water eddies in the Sargasso Sea," Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v.55, 2008, p. 1360.

Greenan, B.J.W.. "Shear and Richardson number in a mode-water eddy," Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v.55, 2008, p. 1161.

Jenkins, W.J., McGillicuddy, D.J., and Lott III, D.E.. "The Distributions of, and Relationship Between 3 He and Nitrate in Eddies," Deep Sea Research II, v.55, 2008, p. 1389.

Jenkins, W.J., McGillicuddy, D.J., Lott III, D.E.. "The Distributions of, and Relationship Between 3 He and Nitrate in Eddies," Deep-Sea Research II, v.55, 2008, p. 1389.

Ledwell, J.R., McGillicuddy, D.J., and Anderson, L.A.. "Nutrient Flux into an Intense Deep Chlorophyll Layer in a Mode-water Eddy.," Deep Sea Research II, v.55, 2008, p. 1139.

Ledwell, J.R., McGillicuddy, D.J., Anderson, L.A.. "Nutrient Flux into an Intense Deep Chlorophyll Layer in a Mode-water Eddy," Deep-Sea Research II, v.55, 2008, p. 1139.

Li, Q.P. and Hansell, D.A.. "Intercomparison and coupling of MAGIC and LWCC techniques for trace analysis of phosphate in seawater," Analytical Chemica Acta, v.611, 2008, p. 68.

Li, Q.P., Hansell, D.A., McGillicuddy, D.J., Bates, N.R., Johnson, R.J.. "Tracer-based assessment of the origin and biogeochemical transformation of a cyclonic eddy in the Sargasso Sea," Journal of Geophysical Research, v.113, 2008, p. 10006.

Li, Q.P., Hansell, D.A., Zhang, J.-Z.. "Underway monitoring of nanomolar nitrate plus nitrite and phosphate in oligotrophic seawater," Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, v.6, 2008, p. 319.

Li, Q.P., Zhang, J.-Z., Millero, F.J., Hansell, D.A.. "Continuous colorimetric determination of trace ammonium in seawater with a long-path liquid waveguide capillary cell," Marine Chemistry, v.96, 2005, p. 73.

McGillicuddy, D.J., et. al.. "Eddy/Wind Interactions Stimulate Extraordinary Mid-Ocean Plankton Blooms," Science, v.316, 2007, p. 1021.

McGillicuddy, D.J., Ledwell, J.R., and Anderson, L.A.. "Response to Comment on "Eddy/Wind Interactions Stimulate Extraordinary Mid-Ocean Plankton Bloom".," Science, v.320, 2008.

McGillicuddy, D.J., Ledwell, J.R., Anderson, L.A.. "Response to Comment on "Eddy/Wind Interactions Stimulate Extraordinary Mid-Ocean Plankton Bloom"," Science, v.320, 2008.

McGillicuddy, et. al.. "Eddy/Wind Interactions Stimulate Extraordinary Mid-Ocean Plankton Blooms.," Science, v.316, 2007, p. 1021.

Mourino B., and McGillicuddy, D.J.. "Mesoscale Variability in the Metabolic Balance of the Sargasso Sea," Limnology & Oceanography, v.51, 2006, p. 2675.



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Program Information

Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB)


Coverage: Global


The Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) program focuses on the ocean's role as a component of the global Earth system, bringing together research in geochemistry, ocean physics, and ecology that inform on and advance our understanding of ocean biogeochemistry. The overall program goals are to promote, plan, and coordinate collaborative, multidisciplinary research opportunities within the U.S. research community and with international partners. Important OCB-related activities currently include: the Ocean Carbon and Climate Change (OCCC) and the North American Carbon Program (NACP); U.S. contributions to IMBER, SOLAS, CARBOOCEAN; and numerous U.S. single-investigator and medium-size research projects funded by U.S. federal agencies including NASA, NOAA, and NSF.

The scientific mission of OCB is to study the evolving role of the ocean in the global carbon cycle, in the face of environmental variability and change through studies of marine biogeochemical cycles and associated ecosystems.

The overarching OCB science themes include improved understanding and prediction of: 1) oceanic uptake and release of atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases and 2) environmental sensitivities of biogeochemical cycles, marine ecosystems, and interactions between the two.

The OCB Research Priorities (updated January 2012) include: ocean acidification; terrestrial/coastal carbon fluxes and exchanges; climate sensitivities of and change in ecosystem structure and associated impacts on biogeochemical cycles; mesopelagic ecological and biogeochemical interactions; benthic-pelagic feedbacks on biogeochemical cycles; ocean carbon uptake and storage; and expanding low-oxygen conditions in the coastal and open oceans.



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Funding

Funding SourceAward
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE)

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