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        <gco:CharacterString>Spiny dogfish discard mortality using commercial hook gear - Gulf of Maine and Cape Cod, 2006 Dataset Description: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Industry-science partnership investigating the short-term and long-term discard mortality of spiny dogfish using commercial hook gear in the Gulf of Maine.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Co-P.I.'s:&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Shelly Tallack (Gulf of Maine Research Institute)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Lara Slifka (Cape Cod Commercial Hook Fishermen's Association)&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://northeastconsortium.org/ProjectFileDownload.pm?report_id=862&amp;amp;amp;table=project_report&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Final Report&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Abstract&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The unpopular spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, represents a resource which, in recent years, despite its apparent high abundance, is considered vulnerable to overfishing. This vulnerability hinges on its characteristics of slow growth, late maturation (~6 years in males and ~12 years in females), high maximum age (35-40 years) and low natural mortality (M=0.09). One immediate problem faced by fishery managers is that while spiny dogfish are periodically caught in high numbers as bycatch (during both recreational and commercial trips), there is little information regarding the survivability of the discarded dogfish. Two recent studies have addressed dogfish discard survival from trawl gear and gillnet gear; the current study addresses survival from commercial hook gear.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This collaborative project represents a partnership between the Gulf of Maine Research Institute (GMRI), the Cape Cod Commercial Hook Fishermen's Association (CCCHFA) and commercial fishermen working with each organization in Gulf of Maine waters and Southern New England waters, respectively. The primary research objective was to investigate the short-term discard mortality rate of dogfish from different commercial hook gears. Survivability was investigated through caging studies.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A total of 2,418 dogfish were sampled between the two regions; of these 682 were caged by GMRI (45% males and 55% females) and 1,234 were caged by CCCHFA (27% males and 73% females). Dogfish were subject to three gear/handling treatments: 1) snubbed, 2) unsnubbed and 3) control. An overall regional difference in short-term discard mortality was observed; GMRI recorded significantly lower total mortality (7%) than CCCHFA (22%). Regional, averaged findings showed a sex effect with males demonstrating higher mortality (26%) than females (14%). The largest dogfish of each sex demonstrated greater resilience to mortality. Treatment effects were observed with mortality being highest in snubbed fish (23%), then unsnubbed fish (16%) and finally control fish (13%). Gear effects were found with highest mortality resulting from long-line gear (22%) while the different hand gear-related mortality ranged from 8-17%. The relationship between hook removal treatment and hooking severity index (HSI) was significant; severe mouth and jaw injury was most frequent in snubbed fish but was rare in control fish and the overall trend was that mortality increased with increased HSI.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Considerable variation was observed between the GMRI and CCCHFA findings; this variation was likely caused by differences in: water temperature, levels of parasitic infestation (i.e. sand fleas) and possible differences in handling, tanking and caging procedures. This study's long-term discard mortality assessments were aborted for logistical reasons and as such, these findings represent the range of likely short-term discard mortality from hook gears across the region.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Spiny dogfish discard mortality using commercial hook gear from F/V Riena Marie NEC-ST2005-1 in the Gulf of Maine and off Cape Cod, July 2006 (NEC-CoopRes project)</gco:CharacterString>
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            http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17090.rdf
	Name: region
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Gulf of Maine or off Cape Cod. Mass.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17091.rdf
	Name: cruiseid
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;vessel name plus trip number&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17092.rdf
	Name: month_local
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;month of year, local time &lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17093.rdf
	Name: day_local
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;day of month, local time &lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17094.rdf
	Name: yrday_local
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;local day and decimal time, as 326.5 for the 326th day of the year, or November 22 at 1200 hours (noon)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17095.rdf
	Name: haul_num
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;haul number&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17096.rdf
	Name: lat_start
	Units: decimal degrees
	Description: &lt;p&gt;latitude at starting time of measurement (west is negative), in decimal degrees&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17097.rdf
	Name: lon_start
	Units: decimal degrees
	Description: &lt;p&gt;longitude at starting time of measurement (west is negative), in decimal degrees &lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17098.rdf
	Name: lat_end
	Units: decimal degrees
	Description: &lt;p&gt;latitude at end time of measurement; in decimal degrees (negative denotes South)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17099.rdf
	Name: lon_end
	Units: decimal degrees
	Description: &lt;p&gt;longitude at end time of measurement; in decimal degrees (negative denotes West)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17100.rdf
	Name: count
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;sequential number of dogfish caught during a haul&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17101.rdf
	Name: tagid
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;fish identification tag number&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17102.rdf
	Name: sex
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;male or female&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17103.rdf
	Name: length_cm
	Units: centimeters
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Length of fish from tip of nose to end of tail in centimeters&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17104.rdf
	Name: weight_g
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Weight of fish in grams&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17105.rdf
	Name: init_fate
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Fate of fish when it went into cage (A=alive, D=dead) &lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17106.rdf
	Name: stamina_haul_code
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Stamina level when fish was taken off hook (1-4, 1=strong, 4=dead)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17107.rdf
	Name: stamina_cage_code
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Stamina level when fish went into cage (1-4, 1=strong, 4=dead)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17108.rdf
	Name: init_hook_severity_code
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Hooking severity index upon caging (0-5, 0=hooked inside, 1=small hole, 5=broken jam, large hole)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17109.rdf
	Name: hook_site_code
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Site where hook punctured fish:&lt;br /&gt;
1=mouth, 2=cheek, 3=eye, 4=nose, 5=inside mouth, 6=swallowed, 7=gills, 8=tail&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17110.rdf
	Name: male_maturity
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Stage of reproductive maturation if fish was a male and it was obvious from external viewing&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17111.rdf
	Name: female_maturity
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Stage of reproductive maturation if fish was a female and it was obvious from external viewing&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17112.rdf
	Name: fish_treatment
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;What treatment this fish endured (S=snubbed, U=unsnubbed or C=control)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17113.rdf
	Name: gear_method
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;What type of gear was used to catch this fish (LL=longline, R=rod, J=jig, RJ=rod or jig, HL=handline)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17114.rdf
	Name: fate_final
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Coded Final Fate category:&lt;br /&gt;
0 = Dead, 1 = Alive, 2 = escaped, 3 = died in tank, 4 = released&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17115.rdf
	Name: stamina_final
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Final Stamina Index of fish when it was retrieved on it's last day(includes noncaged and longterm fish): (1-4, 1=strong, 4=dead)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17116.rdf
	Name: hook_severity_final
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Hooking severity index upon retrieval (0-5, 0=hooked inside, 1=small hole, 5=broken jam, large hole)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17117.rdf
	Name: comments_fish_initial
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Any relevant comment about this fish upon retrieval&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17118.rdf
	Name: tank_duration
	Units: minutes
	Description: &lt;p&gt;How long the fish was in the tank&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17119.rdf
	Name: sample_type
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;What sample group this fish belongs to:&lt;br /&gt;
1=caught only, 2=caught and caged, 3=caught, caged and used in mortality sample, 4=unknown if caged, not used in mort sample&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/17120.rdf
	Name: comments_fish_final
	Units: unknown
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Any relevent comment about this fish upon retrieval&lt;/p&gt; 
</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>02543</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>USA</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>info@bco-dmo.org</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A total of 2,418 dogfish were sampled between the two regions; of these 682 were caged by GMRI (45% males and 55% females) and 1,234 were caged by CCCHFA (27% males and 73% females). Dogfish were subject to three gear/handling treatments: 1) snubbed, 2) unsnubbed and 3) control. An overall regional difference in short-term discard mortality was observed; GMRI recorded significantly lower total mortality (7%) than CCCHFA (22%). Regional, averaged findings showed a sex effect with males demonstrating higher mortality (26%) than females (14%). The largest dogfish of each sex demonstrated greater resilience to mortality. Treatment effects were observed with mortality being highest in snubbed fish (23%), then unsnubbed fish (16%) and finally control fish (13%). Gear effects were found with highest mortality resulting from long-line gear (22%) while the different hand gear-related mortality ranged from 8-17%. The relationship between hook removal treatment and hooking severity index (HSI) was significant; severe mouth and jaw injury was most frequent in snubbed fish but was rare in control fish and the overall trend was that mortality increased with increased HSI.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Considerable variation was observed between the GMRI and CCCHFA findings; this variation was likely caused by differences in: water temperature, levels of parasitic infestation (i.e. sand fleas) and possible differences in handling, tanking and caging procedures. This study's long-term discard mortality assessments were aborted for logistical reasons and as such, these findings represent the range of likely short-term discard mortality from hook gears across the region.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>WHOI MS#36</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>Woods Hole</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>02543</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>USA</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>info@bco-dmo.org</gco:CharacterString>
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  <gmd:role>
    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="pointOfContact"  codeSpace="007">pointOfContact</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
  </gmd:role>
</gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
      </gmd:contact>
    </gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
  </gmd:metadataMaintenance>
  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/537.rdf" xlink:title="Electronic Jig Machine" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Electronic Jig Machine</gmx:Anchor>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Electronic Jig Machine</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Electronic Jig Machine Instrument Name: Electronic Jig Machine Instrument Short Name:eJig   Instrument Description: An electronic jig machine is used to mechanically jig a fish hook or lure with a bait casting reel without using the fishing rod to jig the lure. Normally to jig a fish hook or lure one must move the fishing rod either vertically, horizontally, or jerk the fishing line by hand. The jigging action of this bait cast reel (how rapid and how long in distance the jig will travel) will determine the desired intensity and resonance of the rattle used in the lure to attract or snag the fish.   With very simple controls,  the equipment functions automatically since it is programmed to suit the actual fishing area, the fishing method and the type of fish. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/90/</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/538.rdf" xlink:title="Fish Cage" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Fish Cage</gmx:Anchor>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Fish Cage</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Fish Cage Instrument Name: Fish Cage Instrument Short Name:Fish Cage   Instrument Description: Used to catch fish. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/90/</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/536.rdf" xlink:title="Fishing Rod" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Fishing Rod</gmx:Anchor>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Fishing Rod</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Fishing Rod Instrument Name: Fishing Rod Instrument Short Name:Fishing Rod   Instrument Description: Used to catch fish. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/90/</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/535.rdf" xlink:title="Longline Fishing Gear" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Long Line Fishing Gear</gmx:Anchor>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Long Line Fishing Gear</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Long Line Fishing Gear Instrument Name: Longline Fishing Gear Instrument Short Name:Longline   Instrument Description: Longlining employs a central fishing line that can range from one to 50 miles long; this line is strung with smaller lines of baited hooks, dangling at evenly spaced intervals. Longlines can be set near the surface to catch pelagic fish like tuna and swordfish, or laid on the sea floor to catch deepdwelling fish like cod and halibut. (www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/cr_seafoodwatch/sfw_gear.aspx) Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/90/</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:operation>
          <gmi:MI_Operation>
            <gmi:description>
              <gco:CharacterString>Cruise: NEC-ST2005-1</gco:CharacterString>
            </gmi:description>
            <gmi:identifier>
              <gmd:MD_Identifier>
                <gmd:code>
                  <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/deployment/57984.rdf" xlink:title="Cruise" xlink:actuate="onRequest">NEC-ST2005-1</gmx:Anchor>
                </gmd:code>
              </gmd:MD_Identifier>
            </gmi:identifier>
            <gmi:status>
              <gmd:MD_ProgressCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ProgressCode" codeListValue="completed"/>
            </gmi:status>
            <gmi:type>
              <gmi:MI_OperationTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MI_OperationTypeCode" codeListValue="real"/>
            </gmi:type>
            <gmi:parentOperation gco:nilReason="inapplicable"/>
            <gmi:platform>
  <gmi:MI_Platform>
    <gmi:identifier>
      <gmd:MD_Identifier>
        <gmd:code>
          <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/platform/54106.rdf"
           xlink:actuate="onRequest">F/V Riena Marie</gmx:Anchor>
        </gmd:code>
      </gmd:MD_Identifier>
    </gmi:identifier>
    <gmi:description>
      <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/platform/54106.rdf" xlink:title="F/V Riena Marie" xlink:actuate="onRequest">vessel</gmx:Anchor>
    </gmi:description>
    <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
  </gmi:MI_Platform>
</gmi:platform>
            <gmi:plan>
              <gmi:MI_Plan>
                <gmi:status>
                  <gmd:MD_ProgressCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ProgressCode" codeListValue="completed"/>
                </gmi:status>
                <gmi:citation>
                  <gmd:CI_Citation>
                    <gmd:title>
                      <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/deployment/57984.rdf" xlink:title="Cruise" xlink:actuate="onRequest">NEC-ST2005-1</gmx:Anchor>
                    </gmd:title>
                    <gmd:date gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
                    <gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                      <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                      <gmd:individualName>
                          <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/person/51050.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Dr Shelly Tallack</gmx:Anchor>
                        </gmd:individualName>
                        <gmd:contactInfo>
                        <gmd:CI_Contact>
                          <gmd:onlineResource>
                            <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                              <gmd:linkage>
                                <gmd:URL>http://northeastconsortium.org/ProjectFileDownload.pm?report_id=862&amp;table=project_report</gmd:URL>
                              </gmd:linkage>
                              <gmd:description>
                                <gco:CharacterString>Report describing NEC-ST2005-1</gco:CharacterString>
                              </gmd:description>
                            </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                          </gmd:onlineResource>
                        </gmd:CI_Contact>
                      </gmd:contactInfo>
                      <gmd:role>
                        <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="principalInvestigator"/>
                      </gmd:role>
                      </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                    </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                   </gmd:CI_Citation>
                </gmi:citation>
              </gmi:MI_Plan>
            </gmi:plan>
            </gmi:MI_Operation>
      </gmi:operation><gmi:platform>
  <gmi:MI_Platform>
    <gmi:identifier>
      <gmd:MD_Identifier>
        <gmd:code>
          <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/platform/54106.rdf"
           xlink:actuate="onRequest">F/V Riena Marie</gmx:Anchor>
        </gmd:code>
      </gmd:MD_Identifier>
    </gmi:identifier>
    <gmi:description>
      <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/platform/54106.rdf" xlink:title="F/V Riena Marie" xlink:actuate="onRequest">vessel</gmx:Anchor>
    </gmi:description>
    <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
  </gmi:MI_Platform>
</gmi:platform>
          </gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
  </gmi:acquisitionInformation>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>
