http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/3120 eng; USA utf8 dataset Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 2010-06-16 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Biogeochemistry and microbiology from the R/V Hermano Gines cruises in the Cariaco Basin from 1995 to 2015 (CARIACO Ocean Time-Series Program) 2019-06-03 publication 2019-06-03 revision Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA) 2019-06-07 publication https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.3120.1 Yrene Astor Estacion de Investigaciones Marinas de Margarita principalInvestigator Kristen Nicolle Buck University of South Florida principalInvestigator Kent Fanning University of South Florida principalInvestigator Frank Muller-Karger University of South Florida principalInvestigator Dr Mary I. Scranton Stony Brook University - SoMAS principalInvestigator Gordon T. Taylor Stony Brook University - SoMAS principalInvestigator Ramon Varela Estacion de Investigaciones Marinas de Margarita principalInvestigator Jaimie Rojas Estacion de Investigaciones Marinas de Margarita principalInvestigator Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. publisher Cite this dataset as: Scranton, M., Taylor, G. (2019) Biogeochemistry and microbiology from the B/O Hermano Gines HG93_CARIACO cruise in the CARIACO basin from 1995 to 2015 (CARIACO project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2019-06-03 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.3120.1 [access date] Cariaco basin biogeochemistry and microbiology Dataset Description: &lt;p&gt;Biogeochemistry and microbiology measurements in the Cariaco Basin. Microbiology sampling is conducted during special CARIACO cruises (distinct from the monthly, core sampling, time-series cruises). The specialized microbiology cruises are usually during May and November, and can be opportunistic or process-driven. There are typically at least 2 cruises per year, during which different variables are sampled and at different depths from the standard monthly CARIACO cruises. Bacteria production data are also reported for the microbiology cruises.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Methodology published at CARIACO site (http://imars.usf.edu/publications/methods-cariaco)&lt;br /&gt; CARIACO Field Program general description (http://www.imars.usf.edu/cariaco)&lt;/p&gt; Methods and Sampling: &lt;h2&gt;Sampling&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;Ocean time series samples are collected in standard 8L Niskin bottles. For samples in and below the oxycline, a nitrogen line is attached to the upper air vent to prevent air from entering the bottle during subsampling. Samples for live analysis are first transferred without headspace to a 1L glass sample bottle with Teflon standard taper stopper. In the ship's lab, subsamples are transferred to 25 or 40 ml incubation vials, also under nitrogen. All vials are filled from the bottom with overflow of about 3 vial volumes and then sealed with no headspace.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Low molecular weight fatty acids: Volatile fatty acids are measured using the technique developed by Yang (1991), Yang et al. (1993) and Wu and Scranton (1994). Detection limits are about 1 (M for acetate). However, in some cases, deep water values are lower than 1 micromolar for acetate in which case we have estimated blanks in individual files. Samples are poisoned with 1 ml 10N KOH per liter.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Fatty acid uptake rate constants: Acetate uptake rate constants are determined using radiolabeled tracers as described by Wu and Scranton (1994). Incubations are done anoxically in the dark in screw-top septum vials. Uptake includes both conversion of isotope to CO2 (respiration) and to biomass which can be filtered onto a 0.2 m Nuclepore filter (incorporation).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;CH4:&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;CH4 is assayed by gas chromatography using the vial equilibration technique of Johnson et al. (1990) and a Carle 211AC gas chromatograph. Samples are poisoned by addition of 10N KOH solution at a rate of 200 l per 50 ml vial.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;H2S:&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Samples for sulfide analysis are taken in well-flushed glass syringes without bubbles and are injected into vials containing Zn-acetate. Upon return to the laboratory, the ZnS is dissolved and is analyzed spectrophotometrically by the method of Cline (1969).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Microbial census:&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Abundances of remineralizers (bacteria) and regenerators (protozoa) are determined using microscopic censuses. Preserved samples (2% formaldehyde) are stained with a fluorochrome (DAPI or acridine orange) and captured on the appropriate porosity Nuclepore membrane (0.2 or 0.8 m). Filter-retained cells are enumerated and sized by epifluorescence microscopy according to Taylor et al. (1986). Larger, less abundant protozoa are enumerated on settled samples using inverted microscopy. Abundance and distribution of methanogens are determined by an autofluorescence microscopic technique whereby the fluorescence of coenzymes F420 and F350 in cells produced by two sets of excitation and barrier filters is considered presumptive identification of methanogens (Doddema and Vogels 1978).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Bacterial production:&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Bacterial incorporation is measured using 3H-leucine incorporation as described by Kirchman (1993). Triplicate samples are incubated for 10-12 h in gas-tight screw-top vials to minimized alteration of the redox potential. Time course experiments have confirmed that uptake is linear for at least 15 hours. Due to the fact that some important anaerobic bacteria appear to not take up exogenous thymidine under anoxic conditions (McDonough et al. 1986; Gilmour et al. 1990), the more common method of Fuhrman and Azam (1982) is inappropriate for this system.&lt;/p&gt; Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0326268 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0326268 Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-9711318 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=9711318 Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-9415790 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=9415790 Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0752139 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0752139 completed Yrene Astor Estacion de Investigaciones Marinas de Margarita Venezuela yastor@edimar.org pointOfContact Kristen Nicolle Buck University of South Florida 541-737-7401 2651 SW Orchard Avenue CEOAS Corvallis OR 97331 USA kristen.buck@oregonstate.edu pointOfContact Kent Fanning University of South Florida 727 553 1594 140 Seventh Avenue, South St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA kaf@seas.marine.usf.edu pointOfContact Frank Muller-Karger University of South Florida (727) 553-3335 College of Marine Science 140 7th Avenue South St Petersburg FL 33701 USA carib@marine.usf.edu pointOfContact Dr Mary I. Scranton Stony Brook University - SoMAS 631-632-8735 Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794-5000 USA mscranton@notes.cc.sunysb.edu pointOfContact Gordon T. Taylor Stony Brook University - SoMAS 631-632-8688 Stony Brook University School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook NY 11794-5000 USA gordon.taylor@stonybrook.edu pointOfContact Ramon Varela Estacion de Investigaciones Marinas de Margarita Venezuela rvarela@edimar.org pointOfContact Jaimie Rojas Estacion de Investigaciones Marinas de Margarita pointOfContact asNeeded Dataset Version: 1 Unknown Latitude Longitude Biogeochemical_Cruise_ID Cruise_number Cruise_Leg Station Cast_number ISO_DateTime_UTC Date decimal_year year month day hour Depth Corrected_Depth Winkler_O2_avg Winkler_O2_flags NO3 NO2 NH4 PO4 H2S H2S_comment CH4 CH4_comment Acetate Propionate Incorporation_Acetate_Uptake_rate_constant Respiration_Acetate_Uptake_rate_constant Total_Acetate_uptake_rate_constant Sulfite SD_Sulfite Thiosulfate SD_Thiosulfate Particulate_Elemental_sulfur SD_Particulate_Elemental_sulfur Particulate_element_sulfur_flags Total_zero_valent_sulfur SD_Total_zero_valent_sulfur Total_zero_valent_Sulfur_flags Total_Prokaryote_Cell_Density SD_Total_Prokaryotes Total_Prokaryote_Biomass_Estimates SD_Prokaryote_Biomass_Estimates Cyanobacteria SD_Cyanobacteria Methanogens SD_Methanogens Flagellated_Protists SD_Flagellated_Protists Ciliated_Protists SD_Ciliated_Protists Viral_Like_Particles_VLP SD_Viral_Like_Particles_VLP Heterotrophic_Bacterial_Production SD_Heterotrophic_Bacterial_Production Dark_carbon_fixation_rate SD_Dark_carbon_fixation_rate dissolved_Mn SD_dissolved_Mn dissolved_Fe SD_dissolved_Fe Core_CARIACO_ID Notes Comments ISO_DateTime_local Carle 211AC gas chromatograph Niskin Bottle spectrophotometrically theme None, User defined latitude longitude Cruise identfier leg of cruise station cast ISO_DateTime_UTC date year_decimal year month of year day of month No BCO-DMO term depth dissolved Oxygen flag Nitrate Nitrite Ammonium reactive phosphorus (PO4) comments methane Sulfur (S) Manganese Iron ISO_DateTime_Local featureType BCO-DMO Standard Parameters Gas Chromatograph Niskin bottle Spectrophotometer instrument BCO-DMO Standard Instruments HG93_CARIACO service Deployment Activity CARIACO basin place Locations otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use. Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry http://us-ocb.org/ Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry The Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) program focuses on the ocean's role as a component of the global Earth system, bringing together research in geochemistry, ocean physics, and ecology that inform on and advance our understanding of ocean biogeochemistry. The overall program goals are to promote, plan, and coordinate collaborative, multidisciplinary research opportunities within the U.S. research community and with international partners. Important OCB-related activities currently include: the Ocean Carbon and Climate Change (OCCC) and the North American Carbon Program (NACP); U.S. contributions to IMBER, SOLAS, CARBOOCEAN; and numerous U.S. single-investigator and medium-size research projects funded by U.S. federal agencies including NASA, NOAA, and NSF. The scientific mission of OCB is to study the evolving role of the ocean in the global carbon cycle, in the face of environmental variability and change through studies of marine biogeochemical cycles and associated ecosystems. The overarching OCB science themes include improved understanding and prediction of: 1) oceanic uptake and release of atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases and 2) environmental sensitivities of biogeochemical cycles, marine ecosystems, and interactions between the two. The OCB Research Priorities (updated January 2012) include: ocean acidification; terrestrial/coastal carbon fluxes and exchanges; climate sensitivities of and change in ecosystem structure and associated impacts on biogeochemical cycles; mesopelagic ecological and biogeochemical interactions; benthic-pelagic feedbacks on biogeochemical cycles; ocean carbon uptake and storage; and expanding low-oxygen conditions in the coastal and open oceans. OCB largerWorkCitation program U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/ U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study The United States Joint Global Ocean Flux Study was a national component of international JGOFS and an integral part of global climate change research. The U.S. launched the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) in the late 1980s to study the ocean carbon cycle. An ambitious goal was set to understand the controls on the concentrations and fluxes of carbon and associated nutrients in the ocean. A new field of ocean biogeochemistry emerged with an emphasis on quality measurements of carbon system parameters and interdisciplinary field studies of the biological, chemical and physical process which control the ocean carbon cycle. As we studied ocean biogeochemistry, we learned that our simple views of carbon uptake and transport were severely limited, and a new "wave" of ocean science was born. U.S. JGOFS has been supported primarily by the U.S. National Science Foundation in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Energy and the Office of Naval Research. U.S. JGOFS, ended in 2005 with the conclusion of the Synthesis and Modeling Project (SMP). U.S. JGOFS largerWorkCitation program Ocean Time-series Sites https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/program/562656 Ocean Time-series Sites Program description text taken from Chapter 1: Introduction from the Global Intercomparability in a Changing Ocean: An International Time-Series Methods Workshop report published following the workshop held November 28-30, 2012 at the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences. The full report is available from the workshop Web site hosted by US OCB: http://www.whoi.edu/website/TS-workshop/home Decades of research have demonstrated that the ocean varies across a range of time scales, with anthropogenic forcing contributing an added layer of complexity. In a growing effort to distinguish between natural and human-induced earth system variability, sustained ocean time-series measurements have taken on a renewed importance. Shipboard biogeochemical time-series represent one of the most valuable tools scientists have to characterize and quantify ocean carbon fluxes and biogeochemical processes and their links to changing climate (Karl, 2010; Chavez et al., 2011; Church et al., 2013). They provide the oceanographic community with the long, temporally resolved datasets needed to characterize ocean climate, biogeochemistry, and ecosystem change. The temporal scale of shifts in marine ecosystem variations in response to climate change are on the order of several decades.  The long-term, consistent and comprehensive monitoring programs conducted by time-series sites are essential to understand large-scale atmosphere-ocean interactions that occur on interannual to decadal time scales.  Ocean time-series represent one of the most valuable tools scientists have to characterize and quantify ocean carbon fluxes and biogeochemical processes and their links to changing climate. Launched in the late 1980s, the US JGOFS (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study; http://usjgofs.whoi.edu) research program initiated two time-series measurement programs at Hawaii and Bermuda (HOT and BATS, respectively) to measure key oceanographic measurements in oligotrophic waters. Begun in 1995 as part of the US JGOFS Synthesis and Modeling Project, the CARIACO Ocean Time-Series (formerly known as the CArbon Retention In A Colored Ocean) Program has studied the relationship between surface primary production, physical forcing variables like the wind, and the settling flux of particulate carbon in the Cariaco Basin. The objective of these time-series effort is to provide well-sampled seasonal resolution of biogeochemical variability at a limited number of ocean observatories, provide support and background measurements for process-oriented research, as well as test and validate observations for biogeochemical models. Since their creation, the BATS, CARIACO and HOT time-series site data have been available for use by a large community of researchers.   Data from those three US funded, ship-based, time-series sites can be accessed at each site directly or by selecting the site name from the Projects section below.   Ocean Time-series largerWorkCitation program CARIACO Ocean Time-Series Program http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/index.html CARIACO Ocean Time-Series Program <p>Since 1995, the CARIACO Ocean Time-Series (formerly known as the CArbon Retention In A Colored Ocean) Program has studied the relationship between surface primary production, physical forcing variables like the wind, and the settling flux of particulate carbon in the Cariaco Basin. This depression, located on the continental shelf of Venezuela (Map), shows marked seasonal and interannual variation in hydrographic properties and primary production (carbon fixation rates by photosynthesis of planktonic algae).</p> <p>This peculiar basin is anoxic below ~250 m, due its restricted circulation and high primary production <a href="http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/ar.html#Muller-Karger-2001">(Muller-Karger et al., 2001)</a>. CARIACO observations show annual primary production rates exceed 500 gC/m²y, of which over 15-20% can be accounted for by events lasting one month or less. Such events are observed in other locations where time series observations are collected, and suggest that prior estimates of regional production based on limited sampling may have been underestimated. The annual primary production rates in the Cariaco Basin are comparable to rates estimated using time series observations for Monterey Bay (460 gC/m²y; <a href="http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/ar.html#Chavez">Chavez, 1996</a>), and higher than previous rates estimated for Georges Bank, the New York Shelf, and the Oregon Shelf (380, 300, and 190 gC/m²y, respectively; <a href="http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/ar.html#Walsh-1988">Walsh, 1988</a>).</p> <p>The Cariaco Basin has long been the center of attention of scientists trying to explain paleoclimate. Due to its high rates of sedimentation (30 to &gt;100 cm/ky; <a href="http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/ar.html#Peterson-2000">Peterson et al., 2000</a>) and excellent preservation, the varved sediments of the Cariaco Basin offer the opportunity to study high resolution paleoclimate and better understand the role of the tropics in global climate change ( <a href="http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/ar.html#Black">Black et al., 1999;</a> <a href="http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/ar.html#Peterson-2000">Peterson et al., 2000;</a> <a href="http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/ar.html#Haug-2001">Haug et al., 2001;</a> <a href="http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/ar.html#Black-2004">Black et al., 2004;</a> <a href="http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/ar.html#Hughen-2004">Hughen et al., 2004</a> ).</p> <p>Now, the CARIACO program provides a link between the sediment record and processes near the surface of the ocean. Sediment traps maintained by the CARIACO program show that over 5% of autochtonous material reaches 275 m depth, and that nearly 2% reaches 1,400 m. The significance of this flux is that it represents a sink for carbon and that it helps explain the record of ancient climate stored at the bottom of the Cariaco Basin.</p> <p>Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and Venezuela's Fondo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (FONACIT). For more information please see this <a href="http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/ar.html#Acknowledgments">Acknowledgements</a> link.</p> CARIACO largerWorkCitation project eng; USA oceans CARIACO basin -65.587 -64.54 10.45 10.716 1995-11-14 2015-11-15 CARIACO basin 0 BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Biogeochemistry and microbiology from the R/V Hermano Gines cruises in the Cariaco Basin from 1995 to 2015 (CARIACO Ocean Time-Series Program) Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769311.rdf Name: Latitude Units: decimal degrees Description: <p>Latitude. Positive values indicate North</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769312.rdf Name: Longitude Units: decimal degrees Description: <p>longitude. Positive values indicate East</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769313.rdf Name: Biogeochemical_Cruise_ID Units: unitless Description: <p>Biogeochemical cruise identifier</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769314.rdf Name: Cruise_number Units: unitless Description: <p>cruise number identifier</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769315.rdf Name: Cruise_Leg Units: unitless Description: <p>cruise leg identifier</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769316.rdf Name: Station Units: unitless Description: <p>station identifier</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769317.rdf Name: Cast_number Units: unitless Description: <p>Cast identifier</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769318.rdf Name: ISO_DateTime_UTC Units: unitless Description: <p>Date and time formatted according to ISO8601</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769319.rdf Name: Date Units: unitless Description: <p>Date formatted in YYYY-MM-DD</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769320.rdf Name: decimal_year Units: unitless Description: <p>year as a decimal number</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769321.rdf Name: year Units: unitless Description: <p>year</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769322.rdf Name: month Units: unitless Description: <p>month</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769323.rdf Name: day Units: unitless Description: <p>day</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769324.rdf Name: hour Units: unitless Description: <p>hour of deployment</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769325.rdf Name: Depth Units: meters Description: <p>Depth</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769326.rdf Name: Corrected_Depth Units: meters Description: <p>Corrected Depth</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769327.rdf Name: Winkler_O2_avg Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Oxygen</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769328.rdf Name: Winkler_O2_flags Units: unitless Description: <p>Oxygen flag</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769329.rdf Name: NO3 Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Nitrate</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769330.rdf Name: NO2 Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Nitrite</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769331.rdf Name: NH4 Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Ammonium</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769332.rdf Name: PO4 Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Phosphate</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769333.rdf Name: H2S Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Hydrogen sulfide</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769334.rdf Name: H2S_comment Units: unitless Description: <p>Hydrogen sulfide comment</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769335.rdf Name: CH4 Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Methane</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769336.rdf Name: CH4_comment Units: unitless Description: <p>methane comment</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769337.rdf Name: Acetate Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Acetate</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769338.rdf Name: Propionate Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Propionate</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769339.rdf Name: Incorporation_Acetate_Uptake_rate_constant Units: per day (d-1) Description: <p>Acetate uptake rate constant (Incorporation)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769340.rdf Name: Respiration_Acetate_Uptake_rate_constant Units: per day (d-1) Description: <p>Acetate uptake rate constant (Respiration)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769341.rdf Name: Total_Acetate_uptake_rate_constant Units: per day (d-1) Description: <p>Acetate uptake rate constant (Total)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769342.rdf Name: Sulfite Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Sulfite</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769343.rdf Name: SD_Sulfite Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Sulfite standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769344.rdf Name: Thiosulfate Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Thiosulfate</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769345.rdf Name: SD_Thiosulfate Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Thiosulfate standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769346.rdf Name: Particulate_Elemental_sulfur Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Particulate Elemental sulfur</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769347.rdf Name: SD_Particulate_Elemental_sulfur Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Particulate Elemental sulfur standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769348.rdf Name: Particulate_element_sulfur_flags Units: unitless Description: <p>particulate Elemental sulfur flag</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769349.rdf Name: Total_zero_valent_sulfur Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Total zero valent sulfur</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769350.rdf Name: SD_Total_zero_valent_sulfur Units: micromoles per liter Description: <p>Total zero valent sulfur standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769351.rdf Name: Total_zero_valent_Sulfur_flags Units: unitless Description: <p>total zero valent sulfur flag</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769352.rdf Name: Total_Prokaryote_Cell_Density Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Total Prokaryotes</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769353.rdf Name: SD_Total_Prokaryotes Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Total Prokaryotes standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769354.rdf Name: Total_Prokaryote_Biomass_Estimates Units: microgram C per liter Description: <p>Total Prokaryotes</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769355.rdf Name: SD_Prokaryote_Biomass_Estimates Units: microgram C per liter Description: <p>Total Prokaryotes standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769356.rdf Name: Cyanobacteria Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Cyanobacteria</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769357.rdf Name: SD_Cyanobacteria Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Cyanobacteria standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769358.rdf Name: Methanogens Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Methanogens</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769359.rdf Name: SD_Methanogens Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Methanogens standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769360.rdf Name: Flagellated_Protists Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Flagellated Protists</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769361.rdf Name: SD_Flagellated_Protists Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Flagellated Protists standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769362.rdf Name: Ciliated_Protists Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Ciliated Protists</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769363.rdf Name: SD_Ciliated_Protists Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Ciliated Protists standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769364.rdf Name: Viral_Like_Particles_VLP Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Viral-Like Particles</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769365.rdf Name: SD_Viral_Like_Particles_VLP Units: cells per liter Description: <p>Viral-Like Particles standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769366.rdf Name: Heterotrophic_Bacterial_Production Units: microgram C per L per day Description: <p>Heterotrophic Bacterial Production</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769367.rdf Name: SD_Heterotrophic_Bacterial_Production Units: microgram C per L per day Description: <p>Heterotrophic Bacterial Production standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769368.rdf Name: Dark_carbon_fixation_rate Units: micrograms C per Liter per day Description: <p>Dark carbon fixation rate</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769369.rdf Name: SD_Dark_carbon_fixation_rate Units: micrograms C per Liter per day Description: <p>Dark carbon fixation rate standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769370.rdf Name: dissolved_Mn Units: nmol/L Description: <p>Dissolved Manganese</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769371.rdf Name: SD_dissolved_Mn Units: nmol/L Description: <p>Dissolved Manganese standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769372.rdf Name: dissolved_Fe Units: nmol/L Description: <p>Dissolved Iron</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769373.rdf Name: SD_dissolved_Fe Units: nmol/L Description: <p>Dissolved Iron standard deviation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769374.rdf Name: Core_CARIACO_ID Units: unitless Description: <p>Core CARIACO_ID</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769375.rdf Name: Notes Units: unitless Description: <p>additional notes</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769376.rdf Name: Comments Units: unitless Description: <p>additional notes</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/769428.rdf Name: ISO_DateTime_local Units: unitless Description: <p>Date and Time in local time (UTC/GMT - 4) represented following ISO8601 format.</p> GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 540226 https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/24222/1/dataset-3120_biogeochemistry-microbiology__v1.tsv download https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.3120.1 download onLine dataset &lt;h2&gt;Sampling&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;Ocean time series samples are collected in standard 8L Niskin bottles. For samples in and below the oxycline, a nitrogen line is attached to the upper air vent to prevent air from entering the bottle during subsampling. Samples for live analysis are first transferred without headspace to a 1L glass sample bottle with Teflon standard taper stopper. In the ship's lab, subsamples are transferred to 25 or 40 ml incubation vials, also under nitrogen. All vials are filled from the bottom with overflow of about 3 vial volumes and then sealed with no headspace.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Low molecular weight fatty acids: Volatile fatty acids are measured using the technique developed by Yang (1991), Yang et al. (1993) and Wu and Scranton (1994). Detection limits are about 1 (M for acetate). However, in some cases, deep water values are lower than 1 micromolar for acetate in which case we have estimated blanks in individual files. Samples are poisoned with 1 ml 10N KOH per liter.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Fatty acid uptake rate constants: Acetate uptake rate constants are determined using radiolabeled tracers as described by Wu and Scranton (1994). Incubations are done anoxically in the dark in screw-top septum vials. Uptake includes both conversion of isotope to CO2 (respiration) and to biomass which can be filtered onto a 0.2 m Nuclepore filter (incorporation).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;CH4:&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;CH4 is assayed by gas chromatography using the vial equilibration technique of Johnson et al. (1990) and a Carle 211AC gas chromatograph. Samples are poisoned by addition of 10N KOH solution at a rate of 200 l per 50 ml vial.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;H2S:&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Samples for sulfide analysis are taken in well-flushed glass syringes without bubbles and are injected into vials containing Zn-acetate. Upon return to the laboratory, the ZnS is dissolved and is analyzed spectrophotometrically by the method of Cline (1969).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Microbial census:&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Abundances of remineralizers (bacteria) and regenerators (protozoa) are determined using microscopic censuses. Preserved samples (2% formaldehyde) are stained with a fluorochrome (DAPI or acridine orange) and captured on the appropriate porosity Nuclepore membrane (0.2 or 0.8 m). Filter-retained cells are enumerated and sized by epifluorescence microscopy according to Taylor et al. (1986). Larger, less abundant protozoa are enumerated on settled samples using inverted microscopy. Abundance and distribution of methanogens are determined by an autofluorescence microscopic technique whereby the fluorescence of coenzymes F420 and F350 in cells produced by two sets of excitation and barrier filters is considered presumptive identification of methanogens (Doddema and Vogels 1978).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Bacterial production:&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Bacterial incorporation is measured using 3H-leucine incorporation as described by Kirchman (1993). Triplicate samples are incubated for 10-12 h in gas-tight screw-top vials to minimized alteration of the redox potential. Time course experiments have confirmed that uptake is linear for at least 15 hours. Due to the fact that some important anaerobic bacteria appear to not take up exogenous thymidine under anoxic conditions (McDonough et al. 1986; Gilmour et al. 1990), the more common method of Fuhrman and Azam (1982) is inappropriate for this system.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) &lt;p&gt;BCO-DMO Processing Notes:&lt;br /&gt; - removed the duplicate column &quot;SD dissolved Fe&quot; from the originators file.&lt;br /&gt; -&amp;nbsp;added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date, and additional metadata&lt;br /&gt; -&amp;nbsp;modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions&lt;br /&gt; - replaced commas with semicolons&lt;br /&gt; - added Core_CARIACO_ID by replacing the text &quot;CAR-&quot; in &quot;Biogeochemical_Cruise_ID&quot; &amp;nbsp;with &quot;93HG_&quot;.&lt;br /&gt; - Added ISO_DateTime_local and ISO_DateTime_UTC for date time representations&lt;br /&gt; - sorted by&amp;nbsp;'year', 'Biogeochemical_Cruise_ID', 'ISO_DateTime_UTC', then 'Depth'.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) asNeeded 7.x-1.1 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact Carle 211AC gas chromatograph Carle 211AC gas chromatograph PI Supplied Instrument Name: Carle 211AC gas chromatograph PI Supplied Instrument Description:CH4 is assayed by gas chromatography using the vial equilibration technique of Johnson et al. (1990) and a Carle 211AC gas chromatograph. Instrument Name: Gas Chromatograph Instrument Short Name:Gas Chromatograph Instrument Description: Instrument separating gases, volatile substances, or substances dissolved in a volatile solvent by transporting an inert gas through a column packed with a sorbent to a detector for assay. (from SeaDataNet, BODC) Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB02/ Niskin Bottle Niskin Bottle PI Supplied Instrument Name: Niskin Bottle Instrument Name: Niskin bottle Instrument Short Name:Niskin bottle Instrument Description: A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/ spectrophotometrically spectrophotometrically PI Supplied Instrument Name: spectrophotometrically PI Supplied Instrument Description:Upon return to the laboratory, the ZnS is dissolved and is analyzed spectrophotometrically by the method of Cline (1969). Instrument Name: Spectrophotometer Instrument Short Name:Spectrophotometer Instrument Description: An instrument used to measure the relative absorption of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths in the near infra-red, visible and ultraviolet wavebands by samples. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB20/ Cruise: HG93_CARIACO HG93_CARIACO B/O Hermano Gines vessel B/O Hermano Gines vessel