http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/3207
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2009-08-13
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Acoustic backscatter data collected from RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer (NBP0103, NBP0104, NBP0202, NBP0204) in the Southern Ocean from 2001-2002 (SOGLOBEC project, Southern Ocean Krill project)
2010-09-16
publication
2010-09-16
revision
BCO-DMO Linked Data URI
2010-09-16
creation
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/3207
Peter H. Wiebe
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
Gareth Lawson
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Wiebe, P. H., Lawson, G. (2010) Acoustic backscatter data collected from RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer (NBP0103, NBP0104, NBP0202, NBP0204) in the Southern Ocean from 2001-2002 (SOGLOBEC project, Southern Ocean Krill project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Version Date 2010-09-16 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/3207 [access date]
Acoustic backscatter data collected by BIOMAPERII Dataset Description: <p>Each matlab file includes a number of matrices. The data are in sv_l, sv_2, sv_3, sv_4, and sv_5, where the suffix indicates frequency: 1=43 kHz, 2=120 kHz, 3=200 kHz, 4=420 kHz, 5=1000 kHz. The other matrices and vectors (bot, pings_noise, pings_noise_art, top) are things the PI used to keep track of where bad or otherwise unwanted data were located (e.g., all cells greater than those found in bot are echoes from below the bottom). These other matrices are not served here but can be made available.</p>
<p>The matrix structure for sv_# is consistent across all files. Each matrix has some number of rows corresponding to the number of acoustic observation points, or 'pings,' and then 407 columns. The first 7 columns give header information, and then the next 8-407 give the acoustic observations at increasing depth at the location of each ping. For each ping, the column structure is: <br />
Col 1 = yearday time. For NBPOI03, this is GMT, for all other cruises it's local time. <br />
Col 2 = latitude <br />
Col 3 = longitude <br />
Col 4 = frequency in kilohertz (kHz) <br />
Col 5 = start depth (m), almost always 1m. <br />
Col 6 = For most cruises, this is the end depth (m). For NBP0103, it gives the local time. <br />
Col 7 = Vertical bin size (m). This is the vertical distance represented by each acoustic measurement. At 43 and 120 kHz, it's l.5m, and at the other frequencies it's 1m.</p>
<p>Then columns 8 through 407 give the acoustic measurements. Col 8 is the measurement made from the start depth to the start depth + bin size, Col 9 gives the next bin size, and so on. So at 43 kHz, for instance, coI8=1-2.5m, coI9=2.5-4m, etc. There is in fact a bit of squishiness associated with the start depth, so the first data column can be taken as 0-1.5 or 1-2.5.</p>
<p>These matrices are created by taking the data collected by the up-and down-looking transducers at each frequency, finding the position in the matrix corresponding to the position of the BIOMAPER (which is of course being towed up and down in the water column) and then filling in the matrix with the up-and down-data. The cell corresponding to the position of the BIOMAPER is set to NaN, as are a number of adjacent cells -the number varies with frequency, and corresponds to the acoustic near-field where we can't make reliable measurements. Cells corresponding to depths beyond the range of the acoustic system (300m at 43 and 120 kHz, 150m at 200kHz, 100m at 420kHz, and I think 35m at 1000kHz) are also set to NaN.</p>
<p>The remaining non-NaN cells give the acoustic measurements, which are unit-less volume backscattering coefficients. Here is a definition of the volume backscattering coefficient, from the manuscript submitted to DSR-II: <br />
Volume scattering strength, or S<sub>v</sub> (where S<sub>v</sub> = 10log<sub>10</sub>(s<sub>v</sub>) in units of decibels relative to 1m<sup>-1</sup>, and s<sub>v</sub> is the volume scattering coefficient), is a measure of the intensity of emitted sound that is scattered towards the acoustic receiver per cubic meter. When the source and receiver are co-located, the direction of scattering is back towards the source, and this quantity is commonly referred to as the volume backscattering strength. Target strength is a measure of the intensity of scattering received in the direction back towards the acoustic source from an individual ensonified target (TS = 10log<sub>l0</sub>(&Iuml;&fnof;<sub>bs</sub>) in units of decibels relative to 1m2, where &Iuml;&fnof;<sub>bs</sub> is the differential backscattering cross-section). Under the assumption made in zooplankton acoustics that scattering from individual targets in the ensonified volume sums incoherently, the volume backscattering coefficient is equal to the sum of the backscattering cross-sections of all targets present, normalized by the acoustic sample volume. Typically, acoustic data are displayed and analysed in logarithmic form (ie the volume backscattering strength), which as you can see from the above defInition, is given as 10 times the log<sub>l0</sub> of the volume backscattering coefficient values found in the sv_# matrices. Zeroes correspond to cells where the measurements were below the limit to detection or below the noise threshold.</p>
<p>These served files include the acoustic data that have now been cleaned up such that cells representing unwanted signal have been set to NaN -this includes noise, echoes from below the bottom, and the surface bubble layer. These cleaned up data are again found in matrices named sv_#. The data at 120 kHz (sv_2) have been cleaned up thoroughly. The data at the other frequencies have had the bottom and surface echoes removed, but then otherwise have only been cleaned in those portions of the water column where there were krill. There was no cleaning of the 1000 kHz data and so there is no sv_5 matrix in this file.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p>BIOMAPER-II collects acoustic backscatter echo integration data from a total of ten echosounders (five pairs of transducers with center frequencies of 43 kHz, 120 kHz, 200 kHz, 420 kHz, and 1 MHz). Half of the transducers are mounted on the top of the tow-body looking upward, while the other half are mounted on the bottom looking downward. This arrangement enables acoustic scattering data to be collected for much of the water column as the instrument is towed vertically through the survey track. Due to differences in absorption of acoustic energy by seawater, the range limits of the transducers are different. The lower frequencies (43 and 120 kHz) collect data up to 300 m away from the instrument (in 1.5 m range bins), while the higher frequencies (all with 1 m range bins) have range limits of (150, 100, and 35 m respectively). The acoustic data were recorded by HTI software and stored as .INT, .BOT and .RAW files on a computer hard drive. Data were transferred and backed up on Jaz disks and CDs. They were also compressed before transfer using the PKZIP utility. The .INT and .BOT files were further post-processed to combine the information from the upward and downward looking transducers to make maps of acoustic backscatter of the entire water column (or at least to the range limits of the transducers). The .RAW files were processed to look at target strength data collected from individual scatterers in the water column. The acoustic backscatter data from the HTI system were then integrated with environmental data from the ESS (Environmental Sensing System) onboard BIOMAPER-II. These data included depth of the towed body, salinity, temperature, fluorescence, transmittance, and other parameters. In addition, information about the three-dimensional position of BIOMAPER-II (pitch, roll, yaw) and data from the winch (tension, wire out, wire speed) were also recorded.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Antarctic Sciences (NSF ANT) Award Number: ANT-9910307 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=9910307
onGoing
Peter H. Wiebe
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
508-289-2313
Biology Department Redfield 2-26 MS #33
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1049
USA
pwiebe@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
Gareth Lawson
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
+1 508 289 3713
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Redfield 1-32, MS#34
Woods Hole
MA
02543
U.S.A.
glawson@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Unknown
cruiseid
year
jpg
mat
yrday
day_local
month_local
tow
station_start
station_end
lat_start
lat_end
lon_start
lon_end
depth_w_start
depth_w_end
depth_start
depth_end
BIo-Optical Multi-frequency Acoustical and Physical Environmental Recorder II
theme
None, User defined
cruise id
year
No BCO-DMO term
file_link
year day (Day of Year, or day of year and decimal time)
day_local
month_local
tow
station
latitude begin
latitude at end time of measurement
longitude begin
longitude at end time of measurement
depth_w
depth begin
depth end
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
BIo-Optical Multi-frequency Acoustical and Physical Environmental Recorder II
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
NBP0103
NBP0104
NBP0202
NBP0204
service
Deployment Activity
Southern Ocean
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
U.S. GLOBal ocean ECosystems dynamics
http://www.usglobec.org/
U.S. GLOBal ocean ECosystems dynamics
U.S. GLOBEC (GLOBal ocean ECosystems dynamics) is a research program organized by oceanographers and fisheries scientists to address the question of how global climate change may affect the abundance and production of animals in the sea.
The U.S. GLOBEC Program currently had major research efforts underway in the Georges Bank / Northwest Atlantic Region, and the Northeast Pacific (with components in the California Current and in the Coastal Gulf of Alaska). U.S. GLOBEC was a major contributor to International GLOBEC efforts in the Southern Ocean and Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP).
U.S. GLOBEC
largerWorkCitation
program
U.S. GLOBal ocean ECosystems dynamics
http://www.usglobec.org/
U.S. GLOBal ocean ECosystems dynamics
U.S. GLOBEC (GLOBal ocean ECosystems dynamics) is a research program organized by oceanographers and fisheries scientists to address the question of how global climate change may affect the abundance and production of animals in the sea.
The U.S. GLOBEC Program currently had major research efforts underway in the Georges Bank / Northwest Atlantic Region, and the Northeast Pacific (with components in the California Current and in the Coastal Gulf of Alaska). U.S. GLOBEC was a major contributor to International GLOBEC efforts in the Southern Ocean and Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP).
U.S. GLOBEC
largerWorkCitation
program
U.S. GLOBEC Southern Ocean
http://www.ccpo.odu.edu/Research/globec_menu.html
U.S. GLOBEC Southern Ocean
<p>The fundamental objectives of United States Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (U.S. GLOBEC) Program are dependent upon the cooperation of scientists from several disciplines. Physicists, biologists, and chemists must make use of data collected during U.S. GLOBEC field programs to further our understanding of the interplay of physics, biology, and chemistry. Our objectives require quantitative analysis of interdisciplinary data sets and, therefore, data must be exchanged between researchers. To extract the full scientific value, data must be made available to the scientific community on a timely basis.</p>
SOGLOBEC
largerWorkCitation
project
GLOBEC: Winter Distribution and Success of Southern Ocean Krill
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/616193
GLOBEC: Winter Distribution and Success of Southern Ocean Krill
<p>The U.S. Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (U.S. GLOBEC) program has the goal of understanding and ultimately predicting how populations of marine animal species respond to natural and anthropogenic changes in climate. Research in the Southern Ocean (SO) indicates strong coupling between climatic processes and ecosystem dynamics via the annual formation and destruction of sea ice. The Southern Ocean GLOBEC Program (SO GLOBEC) will investigate the dynamic relationship between physical processes and ecosystem responses through identification of critical parameters that affect the distribution, abundance and population dynamics of target species. The overall goals of the SO GLOBEC program are to elucidate shelf circulation processes and their effect on sea ice formation and krill distribution, and to examine the factors which govern krill survivorship and availability to higher trophic levels, including penguins, seals and whales. The focus of the U.S. contribution to the international SO GLOBEC program will be on winter processes. This component will focus on juvenile and adult krill and mesozooplankton prey distribution and abundance using a sophisticated instrument package, BIOMAPPER II, which is equipped with an acoustic backscatter sonar system, a video plankton recorder and an environmental sensor system. The system is used in large-scale studies. Additionally, a remotely-operative vehicle will be used to map the distribution and behavior of krill under ice. The result of the integrated SO GLOBEC program will be to improve the predictability of living marine resources, especially with respect to local and global climatic shifts.</p>
Southern Ocean Krill
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Southern Ocean
2010-09-16
Southern Ocean
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Acoustic backscatter data collected from RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer (NBP0103, NBP0104, NBP0202, NBP0204) in the Southern Ocean from 2001-2002 (SOGLOBEC project, Southern Ocean Krill project)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18313.rdf
Name: cruiseid
Units: unknown
Description: <p>cruise identification, e.g. NBP0204, for Nathaniel B. Palmer cruise 0204</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18314.rdf
Name: year
Units: unknown
Description: <p>year, local time, e.g. 2004 </p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18315.rdf
Name: jpg
Units: unknown
Description: <p>Thumbnail picture linked to full-sized picture</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18316.rdf
Name: mat
Units: unknown
Description: <p>link to processed data in matlab format</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18317.rdf
Name: yrday
Units: YYY
Description: <p>day of the year, with Jan. 1 being 1</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18318.rdf
Name: day_local
Units: unknown
Description: <p>day of the month in local time (01-31)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18319.rdf
Name: month_local
Units: unknown
Description: <p>Month of the year, local time. (1-12)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18320.rdf
Name: tow
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>tow number. Sequential.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18321.rdf
Name: station_start
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>station number from eventlog where the tow began</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18322.rdf
Name: station_end
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>Station from event log where the tow ended</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18323.rdf
Name: lat_start
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>latitude, North is positive</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18324.rdf
Name: lat_end
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>latitude, North is positive</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18325.rdf
Name: lon_start
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>longitude at the start of the tow, West is negative</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18326.rdf
Name: lon_end
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>longitude at the end of the tow, West is negative</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18327.rdf
Name: depth_w_start
Units: meters
Description: <p>depth of water at the start of the tow, from eventlog</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18328.rdf
Name: depth_w_end
Units: meters
Description: <p>depth of water at the end of the tow, from eventlog</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18329.rdf
Name: depth_start
Units: meters
Description: <p>depth of the instrument at the beginning of the tow</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/18330.rdf
Name: depth_end
Units: meters
Description: <p>depth of the instrument at the end of the tow</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
58165
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/1VVMoLzUn3xG8k/acoustic_back.csv
acoustic_back.csv
Primary data file for dataset ID 3207
download
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3207/data/download
download
onLine
dataset
<p>BIOMAPER-II collects acoustic backscatter echo integration data from a total of ten echosounders (five pairs of transducers with center frequencies of 43 kHz, 120 kHz, 200 kHz, 420 kHz, and 1 MHz). Half of the transducers are mounted on the top of the tow-body looking upward, while the other half are mounted on the bottom looking downward. This arrangement enables acoustic scattering data to be collected for much of the water column as the instrument is towed vertically through the survey track. Due to differences in absorption of acoustic energy by seawater, the range limits of the transducers are different. The lower frequencies (43 and 120 kHz) collect data up to 300 m away from the instrument (in 1.5 m range bins), while the higher frequencies (all with 1 m range bins) have range limits of (150, 100, and 35 m respectively). The acoustic data were recorded by HTI software and stored as .INT, .BOT and .RAW files on a computer hard drive. Data were transferred and backed up on Jaz disks and CDs. They were also compressed before transfer using the PKZIP utility. The .INT and .BOT files were further post-processed to combine the information from the upward and downward looking transducers to make maps of acoustic backscatter of the entire water column (or at least to the range limits of the transducers). The .RAW files were processed to look at target strength data collected from individual scatterers in the water column. The acoustic backscatter data from the HTI system were then integrated with environmental data from the ESS (Environmental Sensing System) onboard BIOMAPER-II. These data included depth of the towed body, salinity, temperature, fluorescence, transmittance, and other parameters. In addition, information about the three-dimensional position of BIOMAPER-II (pitch, roll, yaw) and data from the winch (tension, wire out, wire speed) were also recorded.</p>
from Cruise: NBP0103 <p>"During the first three weeks of the cruise, BIOMAPER-II experienced a series of electronic problems and component failures. These involved both the HTI echosounder and the VPR. For reasons that are still unknown, the echosounder stopped working on 5 May 2001 because of the failure of several electronic components (an integrated chip and several mercury relays). Fortunately, a spare parts board on the R/V L.M. Gould, coupled with the superb electronic skills of Scott Gallager with assistance from Andy Girard and Joe Warren, resulted in a repair to the system that served for the rest of the cruise."</p>
<p> "Due to a series of near-catastrophes (cables fraying, relays welding closed, and impact between the instrument and the ship transom) and the related near-miraculous repairs (led by Scott Gallager and Andy Girard with assistance from HTI personnel and Mark Dennet, Cabell Davis, and Joe Warren), there were a variety of transducer configurations used on this cruise. The original (and standard) configuration and MUX assignments were used for approximately 10 days. There was then a half-week period where data were only collected from the three lower frequency pairs of transducers. Finally, a stable configuration was obtained where data were collected from nine transducers (the upward looking 1 MHz was not used) with a different MUX assignment protocol. The processing of these data required constant modification of both the HTI software and the HTI2MAT toolbox; however, the majority of the survey track contains data from the 43, 120, 200, and 420 kHz transducers (both up and down looking)."(Cruise Report NBP0103)</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Acoustic data were processed using a series of MATLAB files contained in the HTI2MAT toolbox (written by Joe Warren, Andy Pershing, and Peter Wiebe). These files patch together the upward and downward looking data, integrate the environmental sensor information and concatenate the acoustic records into typically half-day (am or pm) chunks. Larger files (of the entire survey track for instance) are possible but become unwieldy to plot due to file and memory size. Files containing a half-day of information are approximately 30 MB. These files were saved as d123_am_sv.mat and d123_am_sv_w.mat, in addition a tiff image of a plot of all the acoustic data were included. The d123_am_sv.mat file is in the correct format for looking at environmental information and can be plotted using the pretty_pic* series of m-files. The data in d123_am_sv_w.mat are in New Wiebe format and can be viewed using the curtainnf.m program.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
BIo-Optical Multi-frequency Acoustical and Physical Environmental Recorder II
BIo-Optical Multi-frequency Acoustical and Physical Environmental Recorder II
PI Supplied Instrument Name: BIo-Optical Multi-frequency Acoustical and Physical Environmental Recorder II PI Supplied Instrument Description:(see dataset description) Instrument Name: BIo-Optical Multi-frequency Acoustical and Physical Environmental Recorder II Instrument Short Name:BIOMAPERII Instrument Description: BIOMAPER II is a set of sensors on a long aluminum frame that resembles the tail of a World War II airplane. A research vessel tows the instrument through the water on a specialized tow cable that sends power to the sensors and brings data back to the ship. People use BIOMAPER II to learn about phytoplankton and zooplankton over areas that are too large to study with the traditional net-and-microscope method. Whereas nets can sample areas up to about 5 meters (16 feet) on a side, BIOMAPER II can record data from 500 meters (1,640 feet) or more of the water column at a time. The instrument's standard suite of sensors were chosen for studying plankton: a five-frequency sonar system, a video plankton recorder and an environmental sensor system (ESS, like the one on MOCNESS). The ESS measures water temperature, salinity, oxygen, chlorophyll and light levels. BIOMAPER II also has room for attaching other instruments for specific uses. The instrument's official name is BIOMAPER-II: the BIo-Optical Multi-frequency Acoustical and Physical Environmental Recorder. The Roman numeral II indicates that it's a redesign of the original BIOMAPER, a prototype that was invented and tested in the mid 1990s. (more information). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/NETT0007/
Cruise: NBP0103
NBP0103
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer
vessel
NBP0103
Peter H. Wiebe
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
http://globec.whoi.edu/so-dir/reports/nbp0103/nbp0103.html
Report describing NBP0103
Cruise: NBP0104
NBP0104
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer
vessel
NBP0104
Peter H. Wiebe
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
http://www.ccpo.odu.edu/Research/globec/cruises01/nbp0104_menu.html
Report describing NBP0104
Cruise: NBP0202
NBP0202
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer
vessel
NBP0202
Peter H. Wiebe
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
http://globec.whoi.edu/so-dir/reports/nbp0202/nbp0202b.html
Report describing NBP0202
Cruise: NBP0204
NBP0204
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer
vessel
NBP0204
Peter H. Wiebe
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
http://globec.whoi.edu/so-dir/reports/nbp0204/nbp0204b.html
Report describing NBP0204
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer
vessel