Table of Contents

• Dataset Description
  • Methods & Sampling
  • Data Processing Description
• Data Files
• Parameters
• Instruments
• Deployments
• Project Information
• Funding

ECOHAB/PNW - All Bottle Data
PSEUDO_NITZSCHIA, NUTRIENT, DOMOIC ACID and CTD Data

METADATA
Station = ECOHAB-PNW station sampled.
Survey = Designated Survey or Period defined for each cruise.
Date (GMT) = Date of sample.
Event = Name assigned to the sampling event.
Source = Sample source type (BKT=bucket; CTD=conductivity,temperature,depth; NET=net tow).
===========================================
POSITION Information
Depth(M) = Depth in meters of sample.
depthID = Unique ID in ECOHAB-PNW database; can delete.
long dd = Longitude in decimal degrees.
lat dd = Latitude in decimal degrees.
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PSEUDO_NITZSCHIA DATA
PN RelAbund = Quantative measurement of Pseudo-nitzschia relative abundance as opposed to
other organisms present in a net tow sample viewed under the microscope.
PN Total (cells/L) = Total number of Pseudo-nitzschia cells present. (cell counts)
%PN (p/m) = Percentage of Pseudo-nitzschia comprised of pungens/multiseries species.
%PN (a/f/h) = Percentage of Pseudo-nitzschia comprised of australis/fraudulenta/heimii species.
%PN (pd/d) = Percentage of Pseudo-nitzschia comprised of pseudo-deli/delicatissima series.
Chl-a(µg/L) = Chlorophyll-a.
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NUTRIENT DATA
NO3+NO2(µM) = Nitrate + Nitrite.
SiO2(µM) = Silicate.
H2PO4(µM) = Phosphorus.
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DOMOIC ACID DATA
RBA pDA (nM) = Particulate domoic acid measured using the Receptor Binding Assay method.
ELISA pDA (ng/L) = Particulate domoic acid measured using the ELISA method.
dDA(nM) = Dissolved domoic acid.
Bacteria(cells/L) = Bacteria.
Cyanobacteria(cells/L) = Cyanobacteria.
Fe(nM) = Iron.
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CTD DATA COLLECTED AT TIME BOTTLE WAS TAKEN
bottle = Niskin Bottle position of the CTD Rosette.
Pr = Pressure (deciBars).
DepS = Actual Depth (meters).
temp1 = Primary Temperature (degrees Celsius).
temp2 = Secondary Temperature (degrees Celsius).
sal1_uncorrected = Salinity from primary Temperature and Conductivity sensors, uncorrected (psu).
sal2_uncorrected = Salinity from secondary Temperature and Conductivity sensors, uncorrected (psu).
sal1_corrected = Salinity from primary Temperature and Conductivity sensors, corrected by calibration (psu).
sal2_corrected = Salinity from secondary Temperature and Conductivity sensors, corrected by calibration (psu).
par = Irradiance, Photosynthetically Activated Radiation (a measure of light intensity).
v_fl = Fluorescence Voltage.
fls = Seapoint Fluorometer measurement of Chloraphyll concentration (mg per liter), uncalibrated.
v_transmiss = Transmissonmeter Voltage.
bat = Beam Attenuation (no units).
v_ox = Oxygen voltage from SeaBird SBE43 oxygen sensor, uncalibrated.
sbeox0ML_L = Oxygen concentration from SeaBird SBE43 oxygen sensor (ml per liter), uncalibrated.
v_par = Photosynthetically Activated Radiation - voltage.

References: These include analysis methods.
Trainer, V. L., B. M. Hickey, E. J. Lessard, W. P. Cochlan, C. G. Trick, M. L. Wells, A. MacFadyen, and S. K. Moore. 2009.
Variability of Pseudo-nitzschia and domoic acid in the Juan de Fuca eddy region and its adjacent shelves.
Limnol. Oceanogr. 54: 289-308.

Trainer, V. L., M. L. Wells, W. P. Cochlan, C. G. Trick, K. A. Baugh, B. D. Bill, B. F. Beall, and N. Lundholm. submitted.
A massive toxigenic bloom of Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata off the Washington State coast.
Limnol. Oceanogr.

Wells, M. L., C. G. Trick, W. P. Cochlan, M. P. Hughes, and V. L. Trainer. 2005.
Domoic acid: The synergy of iron, copper, and the toxicity of diatoms.
Limnol. Oceanogr. 50: 1908-1917.

References: These include analysis methods.
Trainer, V. L., B. M. Hickey, E. J. Lessard, W. P. Cochlan, C. G. Trick, M. L. Wells, A. MacFadyen, and S. K. Moore. 2009.
Variability of Pseudo-nitzschia and domoic acid in the Juan de Fuca eddy region and its adjacent shelves.
Limnol. Oceanogr. 54: 289-308.

Trainer, V. L., M. L. Wells, W. P. Cochlan, C. G. Trick, K. A. Baugh, B. D. Bill, B. F. Beall, and N. Lundholm. submitted.
A massive toxigenic bloom of Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata off the Washington State coast.
Limnol. Oceanogr.

Wells, M. L., C. G. Trick, W. P. Cochlan, M. P. Hughes, and V. L. Trainer. 2005.
Domoic acid: The synergy of iron, copper, and the toxicity of diatoms.
Limnol. Oceanogr. 50: 1908-1917.

BCO-DMO Processing Notes
Generated from original file EHPNW_Btl_Data_Hickey.xls
contributed to BCO-DMO as a single, multisheet spreadsheet by Nancy Kachel
Worked with only the single "EH_All_Data" sheet (contains data from all cruises)

BCO-DMO Edits
- Parameter names modified to conform to BCO-DMO convention
- empty cells filled with "nd" (no data)
- date reformatted to YYYYMMDD
- spaces replaced with underscores in misc text fields (Cruise, Station, etc)
- decimal data values padded to consistent decimal places
- Cruise changed from "Cruise_1,2,3,4" to ECOHAB_1, etc for consistency with other data sets

ECOHAB-PNW is a 5-year multi-disciplinary project that will study the physiology, toxicology, ecology
and oceanography of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia species off the Pacific Northwest coast.

This program studies the physiology, toxicology, ecology and oceanography of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia
species off the Pacific Northwest coast, a region in which both macro-nutrient supply and current
patterns are primarily controlled by seasonal coastal upwelling processes. Recent studies suggest
that the seasonal Juan de Fuca eddy, a nutrient rich retentive feature off the Washington coast
serves as a "bioreactor" for the growth of phytoplankton, including diatoms of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia.
Existing ship of opportunity data are consistent with the working hypothesis that the seasonal
Juan de Fuca eddy is an initiation site for toxic Pseudo-nitzschia that impact the Washington coast
and that upwelling sites adjacent to the coast are less likely to develop toxicity.

The long-term program goal is to develop a mechanistic basis for forecasting toxic Pseudo-nitzschia
bloom development here and in other similar coastal regions in Eastern Boundary upwelling systems.

Specific study objectives are:
- 1.To determine the physical/biological/chemical factors that make the Juan de Fuca eddy region more
viable for growth and sustenance of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia than the nearshore upwelling zone;
- 2. To determine the combination of environmental factors that regulate the production, accumulation,
and/or release of domoic acid (DA) from Pseudo-nitzschia cells in the field;
- 3. To determine possible transport pathways between DA initiation sites and shellfish beds on the nearby coast.

The scientific operations of this study included obtaining multi-disciplinary data from a large scale grid,
sampling water properties while following a drifter, deployment of surface drifters, satellite imagery,
laboratory studies using water collected at selected sites, and numerical modeling of both the circulation
and chlorophyll concentration. Water samples included macronutrients, iron, particulate and dissolved domoic
acid, Pseudo-nitzschia species and numbers. Experiments were done to estimate growth and grazing rates.
Moored arrays were deployed to provide time series of currents and water properties from May to October,
each year from 2003-2006. Numerical modeling studies on a fine scale grid focused on the seasonal development
of the Juan de Fuca eddy and its change in structure during selected wind conditions. Conditions favorable
to release of phytoplankton from the eddy region were assessed.

After four years of field work the research team is able to describe a possible sequence of events necessary
to ingestion of domoic acid by coastal shellfish:
(1) Plankton must become concentrated in the bloom source region. ECOHAB PNW studies suggest this requires
a period of downwelling-favorable or lightly fluctuating winds.
(2) Next the plankton must undergo stress sufficient to cause an increase in cellular toxin: in the Juan de Fuca
eddy region toxin can be found on any survey of the region in both early and late summer within a 21 day time scale.
(3) Patches of toxic plankton must then escape from the offshore source region. For the Juan de Fuca eddy region
escape is favored during upwelling-favorable wind conditions that allow the geostrophic constraint of the eddy
circulation pattern to be broken.
(4) The patch must move alongshore to sites with shellfish populations, and
(5) must retain its toxicity during the time period of transport. For a toxic source in the Juan de Fuca eddy
this requires southward advection across the shelf, as occurs during periods of upwelling-favorable winds in
summer and early fall. ECOHAB PNW studies show that toxin can be maintained in the 7-14 days required for
transport. For an Oregon source such as Heceta bank to impact the Washington shelf, this requires northward
advection across the shelf, as occurs during periods of downwelling-favorable winds in spring.
(6) Last, the toxic patch must move onshore to coastal beaches and/or estuaries,
(7) where it must remain there for a period sufficient for significant ingestion by shellfish.

Cruises/Platforms:
Cruise = ECOHAB-PNW cruises, numbered sequentially from
Cruise_1 - Cruise_6 as ECOHAB_1 - ECOHAB_6.

Cruise_1=ECOHAB_1, R/V Wecoma, W0306A, June 2-23, 2003 Cruise Report
Cruise_2=ECOHAB_2, R/V Wecoma, W0308C, August 30 - September 19, 2003 Cruise Report
Cruise_3=ECOHAB_3, R/V Atlantis, AT11-17, September 8-28, 2004 Cruise Report
Cruise_4=ECOHAB_4, R/V Atlantis, AT11-30, July 7-27,2005 Cruise Report
Cruise_5=ECOHAB_5, R/V Melville, TUIM14MV, September 2-22, 2005 Cruise Report
Cruise_6=ECOHAB_6, R/V Thomas G. Thompson, TN200, Sept. 11- Oct. 4, 2006 Cruise Report