Pigments and Nutrients from ARSV Laurence M. Gould, RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer LMG0402, NBP0606 in the Southern Drake Passage and Scotia Sea from 2004-2006 (BWZ project)

Website: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3478
Version: 10 May 2011
Version Date: 2011-05-10

Project
» Blue Water Zone (BWZ)
ContributorsAffiliationRole
Mitchell, B. GregoryUniversity of California-San Diego (UCSD-SIO)Principal Investigator
Gegg, Stephen R.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)BCO-DMO Data Manager


Dataset Description

Concentration of pigments in phytoplankton, Particulate organic matter concentration, Macronutrients
 
One component of a Biological dataset collected from Southern Drake Passage and Scotia Sea
 
Ocean biology data were collected in Southern Drake Passage and Scotia Sea during two research cruises supported by NSF awards.  These two cruises, namely LMG0402 and NBP0606, were conducted during Feb. to March 2004 and Jul. to Aug 2006, respectively.  Dataset includes concentration of pigments in phytoplankton, particulate organic matter concentration, macronutrients, primary productivity and microbial biomass and productivity
 
As part of the data collection from the collaborative research, this dataset was for the study of plankton community structure and their response to the distribution and natural variability of dissolved iron in Southern Drake Passage and Scotia Sea
 

Methods & Sampling

Notes:
1. HPLC pigments samples were analyzed by CHORS/SDSU for LMG0402 and by HPL for NBP0606, respectively
 
2. Pigments not found by CHORS were given a concentration of 0; pigments not found by HPL were given a concentration of 0.0001
 

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Data Files

File
Pigments_Nutrients.csv
(Comma Separated Values (.csv), 1.35 MB)
MD5:c6eaa079e01b3755f9d94900b02bb1a7
Primary data file for dataset ID 3478

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Parameters

ParameterDescriptionUnits
cruise_idCruise name text
cast_ididentification of CTD/TMC cast text
dateDate (GMT) YYYYMMDD
timeTime (GMT) HHMM
latStation latitude (South is negative) decimal degrees
lonStation longitude (West is negative) decimal degrees
Rosette_Bottle_IDRosette bottle number integer
depthDepth where sample taken meters
Chlorophyll_a_FluorChlorophyll a by fluorometric analysis; Pigments_Fluor mg m-3
NitrateNitrate; Macro-nutrients umol/l
NitriteNitrite; Macro-nutrients umol/l
AmmoniumAmmonium; Macro-nutrients umol/l
PhosphatePhosphate; Macro-nutrients umol/l
SilicateSilicate; Macro-nutrients umol/l
Chlorophyll_c3Chlorophyll c3; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
Chlorophyll_c2Chlorophyll c2; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
Chlorophyll_c1Chlorophyll c1; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
Chlorophyllide_aChlorophyllide a; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
Pheophorbide_aPheophorbide a; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
PeridininPeridinin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
ButanoyloxyfucoxanthinButanoyloxyfucoxanthin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
FucoxanthinFucoxanthin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
NeoxanthinNeoxanthin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
PrasinoxanthinPrasinoxanthin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
ViolaxanthinViolaxanthin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
HexanoyloxyfucoxanthinHexanoyloxyfucoxanthin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
DiadinoxanthinDiadinoxanthin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
AlloxanthinAlloxanthin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
DiatoxanthinDiatoxanthin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
ZeaxanthinZeaxanthin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
LuteinLutein; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
Gyroxanthin_diesterGyroxanthin diester; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
Chlorophyll_bChlorophyll b; Pigments_HPLC; CHORS did not report this pigment mg m-3
Divinyl_Chlorophyll_bDivinyl Chlorophyll b; Pigments_HPLC; HPL included this pigments into Chlorophyll b mg m-3
Monovinyl_Chlorophyll_bMonovinyl Chlorophyll b; Pigments_HPLC; HPL did not report this pigment mg m-3
Chlorophyll_a_AllomerChlorophyll a Allomer; Pigments_HPLC; HPL did not report this pigment mg m-3
Divinyl_Chlorophyll_aDivinyl Chlorophyll a; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
Monovinyl_Chlorophyll_aMonovinyl Chlorophyll a; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
Chlorophyll_a_epimerChlorophyll a epimer; Pigments_HPLC; HPL did not report this pigment mg m-3
PheophytinPheophytin; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
alpha_Carotenealpha-Carotene; Pigments_HPLC; HPL did not report this pigment mg m-3
beta_Carotenebeta-Carotene; Pigments_HPLC; HPL did not report this pigment mg m-3
alpha_beta_Carotenethe sum of alpha and beta carotene; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
Total_Chlorophyll_aTotal Chlorophyll a; Pigments_HPLC mg m-3
POCParticulate organic carbon; CHN mg m-3
PONParticulate organic nitrogen; CHN mg m-3


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Instruments

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Fluorometer
Generic Instrument Name
Fluorometer
Generic Instrument Description
A fluorometer or fluorimeter is a device used to measure parameters of fluorescence: its intensity and wavelength distribution of emission spectrum after excitation by a certain spectrum of light. The instrument is designed to measure the amount of stimulated electromagnetic radiation produced by pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted into a water sample or in situ.

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Nutrient Autoanalyzer
Generic Instrument Name
Nutrient Autoanalyzer
Generic Instrument Description
Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term used when specific type, make and model were not specified. In general, a Nutrient Autoanalyzer is an automated flow-thru system for doing nutrient analysis (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) on seawater samples.

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Liquid Scintillation Counter
Generic Instrument Name
Liquid Scintillation Counter
Generic Instrument Description
Liquid scintillation counting is an analytical technique which is defined by the incorporation of the radiolabeled analyte into uniform distribution with a liquid chemical medium capable of converting the kinetic energy of nuclear emissions into light energy. Although the liquid scintillation counter is a sophisticated laboratory counting system used the quantify the activity of particulate emitting (ß and a) radioactive samples, it can also detect the auger electrons emitted from 51Cr and 125I samples.

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
CHN Elemental Analyzer
Generic Instrument Name
CHN Elemental Analyzer
Generic Instrument Description
A CHN Elemental Analyzer is used for the determination of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen content in organic and other types of materials, including solids, liquids, volatile, and viscous samples.


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Deployments

LMG0402

Website
Platform
ARSV Laurence M. Gould
Report
Start Date
2004-02-13
End Date
2004-03-23

NBP0606

Website
Platform
RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer
Start Date
2006-07-01
End Date
2006-08-15
Description
NBP (Nathaniel B. Palmer) R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer July2006: The research was conducted in the same region of the Drake Passage as the AMLR cruise. Samples were obtained aboard the R/V Nathaniel B. PalmerLat/Lon bounding box -60.4991Lat, -58.5613Lon -62.3599Lat, -58.0392Lon -60.2783Lat, -57.4509Lon -61.2683Lat, -54.2852Lon


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Project Information

Blue Water Zone (BWZ)

Coverage: Antarctica, Drake Passage, N: -52.6061, S: -65.1877 , E: -52.965, W: -68.325


NSF Proposal Title: Collaborative Research: Plankton Community Structure and Iron Distribution in the Southern Drake Passage and Scotia Sea

The Shackleton Fracture Zone (SFZ) in Drake Passage of the Southern Ocean defines a boundary between low and high phytoplankton waters. Low chlorophyll water flowing through the southern Drake Passage emerges as high chlorophyll water to the east, and recent evidence indicates that the Southern Antarctic Circumpolar Current Front (SACCF) is steered south of the SFZ onto the Antarctic Peninsula shelf where mixing between the water types occurs. The mixed water is then advected off-shelf with elevated iron and phytoplankton biomass. The SFZ is therefore an ideal natural laboratory to improve the understanding of plankton community responses to natural iron fertilization, and how these processes influence export of organic carbon to the ocean interior. The bathymetry of the region is hypothesized to influence mesoscale circulation and transport of iron, leading to the observed patterns in phytoplankton biomass. The position of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is further hypothesized to influence the magnitude of the flow of ACC water onto the peninsula shelf, mediating the amount of iron transported into the Scotia Sea. To address these hypotheses, a research cruise will be conducted near the SFZ and to the east in the southern Scotia Sea. A mesoscale station grid for vertical profiles, water sampling, and bottle incubation enrichment experiments will complement rapid surface surveys of chemical, plankton, and hydrographic properties. Distributions of manganese, aluminum and radium isotopes will be determined to trace iron sources and estimate mixing rates. Phytoplankton and bacterial physiological states (including responses to iron enrichment) and the structure of the plankton communities will be studied. The primary goal is to better understand how plankton productivity, community structure and export production in the Southern Ocean are affected by the coupling between bathymetry, mesoscale circulation, and distributions of limiting nutrients. The proposed work represents an interdisciplinary approach to address the fundamental physical, chemical and biological processes that contribute to the abrupt transition in chl-a which occurs near the SFZ. Given recent indications that the Southern Ocean is warming, it is important to advance the understanding of conditions that regulate the present ecosystem structure in order to predict the effects of climate variability. This project will promote training and learning across a broad spectrum of groups. Funds are included to support postdocs, graduate students, and undergraduates. In addition, this project will contribute to the development of content for the Polar Science Station website, which has been a resource since 2001 for instructors and students in adult education, home schooling, tribal schools, corrections education, family literacy programs, and the general public.

PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH

Hewes, C. D., Reiss, C.S., .Kahru, M. , Mitchell, B.G. , and Holm-Hansen, O.. "Control of phytoplankton biomass by dilution and mixed layer depth in the western Weddell-Scotia Confluence (WSC)," Marine Ecology Progress Series, v.366, 2008, p. 15.

Hiscock, M. , Lance, V. , Apprill, A., Bidigare, R , Mitchell, B., Smith Jr. W., Barber, R.. "Photosynthetic maximum quantum yield increases are an essential component of the Southern Ocean phytoplankton response to iron," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v.105(2), 2008, p. 4775.

Holm-Hansen, O., Kahru, M., Hewes, C.. "Deep chlorophyll a maxima (DCMs) in pelagic Antarctic waters. II. Relation to bathymetric features and dissolved iron concentrations," Marine Ecology-Progress Series, v.297, 2005, p. 71.

Hopkinson, B., Mitchell, B. G., Reynolds, R. A., Wang, H., Selph, K., Measures, C., Hewes, C., Holm-Hansen, O., Barbeau, K.. "Iron limitation Across Chlorophyll Gradients in the Southern Drake Passage: Phytoplankton Responses to Iron Addition and Photosynthetic Indicators of Iron Stress," Limnology and Oceanography, 2007, p. 2540.

Hopkinson, B., Mitchell, B. G., Reynolds, R. A., Wang, H., Selph, K., Measures, C., Hewes, C., Holm-Hansen, O., Barbeau, K.. "Iron limitation Across Chlorophyll Gradients in the Southern Drake Passage: Phytoplankton Responses to Iron Addition and Photosynthetic Indicators of Iron Stress," Limnology and Oceanography, v.52, 2007, p. 2540.

Kahru, M., Mitchell, B. G., Gille, S. T., Hewes, C. D. and Holm-Hansen, O.. "Eddies enhance biological production in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence of the Southern Ocean," Geophys. Res. Let., 34,, v.24, 2007, p. L14603.



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Funding

Funding SourceAward
NSF Antarctic Sciences (NSF ANT)

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