http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/3676
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2012-07-23
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Hydrothermal sediment temperature profiles sampled near Beggiatoa mats using Alivn's heatlow and temperature probes, deployed from R/V Atlantis cruises AT15-40, AT15-56 in the Guaymas Basin from 2008-2009
2012-07-23
publication
2012-07-23
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2023-01-31
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.3676.1
Andreas Teske
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
principalInvestigator
Daniel B. Albert
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
principalInvestigator
Barbara J. MacGregor
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
principalInvestigator
Christopher S. Martens
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Teske, A., Albert, D. B., MacGregor, B. J., Martens, C. S. (2023) Hydrothermal sediment temperature profiles sampled near Beggiatoa mats using Alivn's heatlow and temperature probes, deployed from R/V Atlantis cruises AT15-40, AT15-56 in the Guaymas Basin from 2008-2009. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2012-07-23 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.3676.1 [access date]
Hydrothermal sediment temperature profiles near Beggiatoa mats Dataset Description: <p>In-situ temperature profiles of Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments (Southern Spreading segment, 27°00.44N and 111°24.55W; 2000 m water depth).</p>
<p>Geochemical and temperature data from Guaymas sediments are published or referenced in Biddle et al. (2012) and McKay et al. (2012).</p> Methods and Sampling: <p>During Alvin dives 4483-4492 (Dec 6-17, 2008) and 4562-4573 (Nov 22-Dec 6, 2009) in the 2000 meters (m) deep Southern Guaymas trench, 113 temperature profiles were taken in sediments near and within <em>Beggiatoa</em> mats, at the hydrothermally active areas from 27°N00.30 to 27°N00.60, and 111°W24.65 to 111°W24.35. All temperature probe measurements, positions of the 139 probes in the mat, and penetration depths were checked with the Alvin dive videotapes that provide a continuous record of all dive operations. Of the 113 temperature profiles, 78 were measured in mats with both orange and white filaments to focus on the relationship between differently colored <em>Beggiatoa</em>.<br />
<br />
A Heatflow probe manufactured by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) was used to measure 69 of the 78 temperature profiles. This is a 0.6 m titanium tube containing a linear heater and five thermistors (type 44032, Omega Engineering, Inc.) at 10-centimeter (cm) intervals along the length of the tube (personal communication with Lane J. Abrams, WHOI). The thermistors have a tolerance of +/- 0.2 up to 40 degrees Celsius (C), and +/- 1 degree C up to 200 degrees C. It is considered fully inserted when a disc at the base reaches the sediment surface, and takes temperature readings at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 centimeters below seafloor (cmbsf).<br />
<br />
For 28 profiles, 5 cm depth resolution was achieved by first inserting the probe 5 cm less than complete insertion and recording one profile, and then inserting the probe the rest of the way and recording a second profile, 5 cm offset from the first. Temperatures were recorded after the readings had stabilized for each of the five depths. Occasionally, this technique resulted in channel formation, and the second set of readings was higher than the first. During dive 4490, one temperature profile was repeated three times, giving a range of sensor precisions from 1.0 to 4.1 C. A high-temperature probe was used to produce nine additional temperature profiles with varying depth intervals from the sediment surface down to 37.5 cmbsf. The high-temperature probe has a type-K thermocouple located at the tip, with a tolerance of +/-3 degrees C up to 400 degrees C. To measure temperature profiles with this probe, the tip touched the sediment surface for the first reading before inserting the probe sequentially to desired depths and taking readings.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0647633 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0647633
completed
Andreas Teske
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
508-287-1648
Department of Marine Sciences 3117B Venable Hall, CB 3300
Chapel Hill
NC
27599
USA
teske@email.unc.edu
pointOfContact
Daniel B. Albert
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
919-962-0298
Department of Marine Sciences Venable Hall, CB# 3300
Chapel Hill
NC
27599
USA
dan_albert@unc.edu
pointOfContact
Barbara J. MacGregor
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
USA
macgregb@umn.edu
pointOfContact
Christopher S. Martens
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
919-619-9251
Dept of Marine Sciences - CB-3300 3202 Venable Hall
Chapel Hill
NC
27599
USA
cmartens@email.unc.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
site_descrip
cruise_id
year
dive_profile
dive_id
dive_target
depth
lat
lon
lat_sub
lon_sub
month
day
depth_profile
temp
Alvin Heatflow Probe
Alvin High Temperature Probe
theme
None, User defined
site description
Cruise identfier
year
sample identification
dive_id
depth
latitude
longitude
month of year
day of month
depth core
water temperature at measurement depth
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
HOV Alvin Heatflow Probe 0.66m
HOV Alvin High Temperature Probe
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
AT15-40
AT15-56
AT15-40_Alvin_Dives
AT15-56_Alvin_Dives
service
Deployment Activity
Guaymas Basin
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Microbial carbon and sulfur cycling in the hydrothermally altered sediments of Guaymas Basin
https://sites.google.com/site/teskelab/Home/guaymas-basin
Microbial carbon and sulfur cycling in the hydrothermally altered sediments of Guaymas Basin
<p>While microbial communities in marine sediments are generally sustained by sedimentation of organic matter from the water column, the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments provide a model system for the microbial utilization and transformation of thermally released microbial substrates from deeply buried marine organic matter. Thermal generation of subsurface organic carbon compounds is usually restricted to deeply buried subsurface sediments, where it sustains deep subsurface microbiota. However, in the Guaymas Basin, the thermally generated organic substrates of subsurface origin fuel a complex microbial ecosystem in surficial sediments that can be sampled by submersible. As a working hypothesis, the physiologically distinct, layered microbial communities force the geothermally produced substrates through a double “microbial gauntlet” of anaerobic metabolism and autotrophic carbon fixation, where terminal anaerobic degradation of organic matter is performed by methanogenic and methane-oxidizing archaea, by sulfate-reducing bacteria and archaea, and (to be tested) by novel subsurface archaeal populations within the upper sediments, while inorganic and organic remineralization products are assimilated by sulfur-oxidizing <em>Beggiatoa</em> mats at the sediment surface. We aim at a quantitative understanding of how the dense and highly active benthic microbial populations of the Guaymas system utilize and recycle organic and inorganic carbon and sulfur of subsurface origin, how geochemical controls affect the community structure, and how uncultured, globally occurring subsurface archaea and bacteria thrive in their sediment habitat. More generally, microbial utilization and recycling of deeply buried, fossil carbon and sulfur in benthic sediments and the sedimentary subsurface is a “seldom seen“ but essential part of these microbially driven processes in the marine biosphere. To analyze the complex interplay of thermogenic and biogenic carbon sources and sinks, and the role of uncultured microbial populations in these processes, geochemical and molecular-biological approaches are integrated and combined. The microbial community composition and activity patterns will be analyzed quantitatively (rRNA membrane slot blot hybridization; single-strand rRNA conformation polymorphism) and with qualitative diversity surveys (PCR, cloning and sequencing). Carbon assimilation patterns in specific functional and phylogenetic groups of prokaryotes will be analyzed using carbon-isotopic analysis of ribosomal RNA, intact polar lipids, and whole microbial cells (using FISH-SIMS). Carbon substrate profiles and microbial process rates (sulfate reduction, methanogenesis, methane oxidation) across hydrothermally active sediment sites and down-core will correlate microbial populations and substrate utilization. Stable carbon isotopic analysis of key microbial substrates will further constrain the microbial utilization patterns of isotopically distinct carbon pools in specific sediment layers.</p>
<p>To summarize, in situ and lab results indicate that newly discovered, phylogenetically distinct populations of Anaerobic Methane-oxidizing archaea (ANMEs) in Guaymas Basin, and their presumed syntrophic bacterial partners, are capable of methane oxidation at high temperatures, at least up to 70-75°C. Isotopically light carbon (indicative of a methane-derived contribution) permeates into sedimentary microbial populations and microbial mats in hydrothermally active areas, as shown by 13C analysis of extracted bacterial and archaeal rRNA. Manipulative incubations with Guaymas sediments suggest a mode of anaerobic methane oxidation which appears to operate uncoupled to sulfate reduction, and requires near in situ methane concentration. Rigorous testing is required for validation of the process and identification of the organisms responsible. High-temperature tolerant and sulfate-uncoupled anaerobic methane oxidation require re-evaluation of the classical controls of this process, temperature and sulfate availability.</p>
<p>By installing autonomous temperature loggers in Guaymas sediments covered with <em>Beggiatoa</em> spp. mats, we have obtained continuous temperature profiles, from the sediment surface to 40 cm depth, over up to 11 days. In contrast to previous one-time temperature measurements that provided only a static snapshot, these data revealed substantial temperature fluctuations in the upper cm layers underlying orange <em>Beggiatoa</em> mats, indicative of fluctuations in hydrothermal flux and/or advective in-mixing of seawater. Such temperature regimes would select for eurythermal bacteria and archaea that tolerate a broad mesophilic/thermophilic temperature range, or for microbial communities that consist of members with different temperature optima, that co-occur or overlap in the same sediment layer but vary in activity depending on temperature and associated geochemical conditions.</p>
<p>Anaerobic microbial processes in sediments (sulfate reduction, remineralization of biomass, anaerobic methane oxidation) produce DIC and sulfide that, in turn, sustain the <em>Beggiatoa</em> mats, assuming autotrophic capability. To examine this link between sediment processes and surface mats, we quantified temperature gradients, porewater concentration gradients (sulfide, sulfate, methane, DIC, volatile organic acids), and 13C-isotopic signatures of methane and DIC underneath orange and white <em>Beggiatoa</em> mats (differentiated by 16S rRNA sequencing), and the bare sediment. The steepest temperature and porewater concentration gradients (sulfide and DIC) are mostly found under orange <em>Beggiatoa</em> mats that occur in the center of <em>Beggiatoa</em> patches. Temperature and geochemical gradients are attenuated under white <em>Beggiatoa mats</em>, which surround the orange mats in a sunny-side up pattern, and flatten out or disappear in the surrounding mat-free sediment</p>
<p>We are annotating the genome of an orange <em>Beggiatoa</em> spp. from Guaymas Basin [taxonomically revised as <em>Maribeggiatoa</em>], recovered from a single filament after whole genome amplification. Sequencing was completed at JCVI, supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The single-filament genome is not completely assembled, but is of approximately the expected total length and includes a full complement of ribosomal protein, tRNA, and tRNA synthetase genes. So far, the genome content is broadly consistent with a nitrate-reducing, facultatively autotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacterium.</p>
<p><strong>Publications associated with this project are as follows:</strong><br />
Note: this is now a list of all publications that use samples collected from the NSF-funded Guaymas cruises AT15-40 and AT15-56. All these publications were funded from NSF award OCE-0647633, the grant that funded these two cruises. Those publications that were written and published after 2013 continue to use samples collected and analyzed on cruises AT15-40 and AT15-56 under NSF award OCE-0647633, but the effort in analyzing the data and writing the manuscript also relied on funding by OCE-1357238. Since we will not have new samples until late in 2016, current work and publications on OCE-1357238 will continue to rely on samples collected during cruises AT15-40 and AT15-56.</p>
<p>Holler, T. F. Widdel, K. Knittel, R. Amann, M. Y. Kellermann, K.-. Hinrichs, A. Teske, A. Boetius, and G. Wegener. 2011. Thermophilic anaerobic oxidation of methane by marine microbial consortia. The ISME Journal 5:1946-1956. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.77" target="_blank">10.1038/ismej.2011.77</a></p>
<p>Biddle, J.F., Z. Cardman, H. Mendlovitz, D.B. Albert, K.G. Lloyd, A. Boetius, and A. Teske. 2012. Anaerobic oxidation of methane at different temperature regimes in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments. The ISME Journal 6:1018-1031. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.164" target="_blank">10.1038/ismej.2011.164</a></p>
<p>McKay, L.J., B.J. MacGregor, J.F. Biddle, H.P. Mendlovitz, D. Hoer, J.S. Lipp, K.G. Lloyd, and A.P. Teske. 2012. Spatial heterogeneity and underlying geochemistry of phylogenetically diverse orange and white <em>Beggiatoa</em> mats in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments. Deep-Sea Research I, 67:21-31. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2012.04.011" target="_blank">10.1016/j.dsr.2012.04.011</a></p>
<p>Bowles, M.W., L.M. Nigro, A.P. Teske, and S.B. Joye.. 2012. Denitrification and environmental factors influencing nitrate removal in Guaymas Basin hydrothermally-altered sediments. Frontiers in Microbiology 3:377. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2012.03377" target="_blank">10.3389/fmicb.2012.03377</a></p>
<p>MacGregor, B.J., J.F. Biddle, J.R. Siebert, E. Staunton, E. Hegg, A.G. Matthysse, and A. Teske. 2013. Why orange Guaymas Basin <em>Beggiatoa</em> spp. are orange: Single-filament genome-enabled identification of an abundant octaheme cytochrome with hydroxylamine oxidase, hydrazine oxidase and nitrite reductase activities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79:1183-1190. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02538-12" target="_blank">10.1128/AEM.02538-12</a></p>
<p>MacGregor, B.J., J.F. Biddle, and A. Teske. 2013. Mobile elements in a single-filament orange Guaymas Basin <em>Beggiatoa</em> ("Candidatus Maribeggiatoa<em>"</em>) sp. draft genome; evidence for genetic exchange with cyanobacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79:3974-3985. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03821-12" target="_blank">10.1128/AEM.03821-12</a></p>
<p>Meyer, S., G. Wegener, K.G. Lloyd, A. Teske, A. Boetius, and A. Ramette. 2013. Microbial habitat connectivity across spatial scales and hydrothermal temperature gradients at Guaymas Basin. Frontiers in Microbiology 4:207. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmic.2013.00207" target="_blank">10.3389/fmic.2013.00207</a></p>
<p>MacGregor, B.J., J.F. Biddle, C. Harbort, A.G. Matthysse, and A. Teske. 2013. Sulfide oxidation, nitrate respiration, carbon acquisition and electron transport pathways suggested by the draft genome of a single orange Guaymas Basin <em>Beggiatoa</em> (<em>Cand. </em>Maribeggiatoa) sp. filament. Marine Genomics 11:53-65. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margen.2013.08.001" target="_blank">10.1016/j.margen.2013.08.001</a></p>
<p>Ruff, E., J.F. Biddle, A. Teske, K. Knittel, A. Boetius, and A. Ramette. 2015. Global dispersion and local diversification of the methane seep microbiome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 112:4015-4020. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1421865112" target="_blank">10.1073/pnas.1421865112</a></p>
<p>McKay, L., V. Klokman, H. Mendlovitz, D. LaRowe, M. Zabel, D. Hoer, D. Albert, D. de Beer, J. Amend, A. Teske. Thermal and geochemical influences on microbial biogeography in the hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin. Environmental Microbiology, in revision.</p>
<p>Dowell, F., Z. Cardman, S. Dasarathy, M.Y. Kellermann, L.J. McKay, B.J. MacGregor, S.E. Ruff, J.F. Biddle, K.G. Lloyd, J.S. Lipp, K-U. Hinrichs, D.B. Albert, H. Mendlovitz, and A. Teske. Microbial communities in methane and short alkane-rich hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin. Frontiers in Microbiology, In Revision.</p>
<p><strong><em>Conference abstracts (post 2013, only NSF-OCE 1357238):</em></strong><br />
B.J. MacGregor. 2014. Receiver (REC) domains in the orange Guaymas "Maribeggiatoa" (BOGUAY) draft genome: an evolutionary network of sensor networks. The Human and Environmental Microbiome Symposium 2014. Duke Center for the Genomics of Microbial Systems, Durham, NC.</p>
<p>B.J. MacGregot. 2015. Abundant intergenic repeats and a possible alternate RNA polymerase betra subunit in the orange Guaymas "Maribeggiatoa" genome. American Society for Microbiology 2015 General Meeting. New Orleans, LA.</p>
<p>Z. Cardman, L.J. McKay, E. Dowell, S. Dasarathy, V. Klokman, J.F. Biddle, K.G. Lloyd, H. Mendlovitz, D. Albert, M. Kellermann, K.-U. Hinrichs, B.J. MacGregir and A.P. Teske. 2014. American Society for Microbiology 2014 General Meeting. Boston, MA.</p>
Guaymas Basin Vents
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Guaymas Basin
-111.4148
-111.4044
27.0065
27.0116
2008-12-06
2009-12-04
Guaymas Basin hydrothermal vents, Southern Spreading segment, 27° 00.44N and 111° 24.55W; 2000 m water depth
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Hydrothermal sediment temperature profiles sampled near Beggiatoa mats using Alivn's heatlow and temperature probes, deployed from R/V Atlantis cruises AT15-40, AT15-56 in the Guaymas Basin from 2008-2009
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28225.rdf
Name: site_descrip
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>Description of the location where the sample was taken.<br /><br />
Orange_mat = orange Beggiatoa mat; <br />White_mat = white Beggiatoa mat;<br /><br />
lt_1m_Sediment = bare sediments less than 1 m from a mat;<br /><br />
gt_1m_Background = background sediments greater than 1 m from a mat.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28226.rdf
Name: cruise_id
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>Unique identifier of the cruise.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28227.rdf
Name: year
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>Four-digit year.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28228.rdf
Name: dive_profile
Units: dive number - profile number
Description: <p>Unique ID number of the temperature profile.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28229.rdf
Name: dive_id
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>ID number of the Alvin dive.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28230.rdf
Name: dive_target
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>Name of the target marker (sampling location) for the dive.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28231.rdf
Name: depth
Units: meters
Description: <p>Depth at which the sample was collected.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28232.rdf
Name: lat
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Ship's latitude at start of dive, in decimal degrees (North = Positive).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28233.rdf
Name: lon
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Ship's longitude at start of dive, in decimal degrees (West = Negative).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28234.rdf
Name: lat_sub
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude when submersible Alvin began its ascent, in decimal degrees (North = Positive).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28235.rdf
Name: lon_sub
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude when submersible Alvin began its ascent, in decimal degrees (West = Negative).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28236.rdf
Name: month
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>Month that sampling occurred (01 to 12).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28237.rdf
Name: day
Units: dimensionless
Description: <p>Day of month (01 to 31).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28238.rdf
Name: depth_profile
Units: centimeters
Description: <p>Depth of the temperature probe into the sediment.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/28239.rdf
Name: temp
Units: degrees C
Description: <p>Probe temperature reading.</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
286394
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/64d07780-e38c-5fbb-9f65-c0df10bdb8cb/content
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.3676.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>During Alvin dives 4483-4492 (Dec 6-17, 2008) and 4562-4573 (Nov 22-Dec 6, 2009) in the 2000 meters (m) deep Southern Guaymas trench, 113 temperature profiles were taken in sediments near and within <em>Beggiatoa</em> mats, at the hydrothermally active areas from 27°N00.30 to 27°N00.60, and 111°W24.65 to 111°W24.35. All temperature probe measurements, positions of the 139 probes in the mat, and penetration depths were checked with the Alvin dive videotapes that provide a continuous record of all dive operations. Of the 113 temperature profiles, 78 were measured in mats with both orange and white filaments to focus on the relationship between differently colored <em>Beggiatoa</em>.<br />
<br />
A Heatflow probe manufactured by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) was used to measure 69 of the 78 temperature profiles. This is a 0.6 m titanium tube containing a linear heater and five thermistors (type 44032, Omega Engineering, Inc.) at 10-centimeter (cm) intervals along the length of the tube (personal communication with Lane J. Abrams, WHOI). The thermistors have a tolerance of +/- 0.2 up to 40 degrees Celsius (C), and +/- 1 degree C up to 200 degrees C. It is considered fully inserted when a disc at the base reaches the sediment surface, and takes temperature readings at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 centimeters below seafloor (cmbsf).<br />
<br />
For 28 profiles, 5 cm depth resolution was achieved by first inserting the probe 5 cm less than complete insertion and recording one profile, and then inserting the probe the rest of the way and recording a second profile, 5 cm offset from the first. Temperatures were recorded after the readings had stabilized for each of the five depths. Occasionally, this technique resulted in channel formation, and the second set of readings was higher than the first. During dive 4490, one temperature profile was repeated three times, giving a range of sensor precisions from 1.0 to 4.1 C. A high-temperature probe was used to produce nine additional temperature profiles with varying depth intervals from the sediment surface down to 37.5 cmbsf. The high-temperature probe has a type-K thermocouple located at the tip, with a tolerance of +/-3 degrees C up to 400 degrees C. To measure temperature profiles with this probe, the tip touched the sediment surface for the first reading before inserting the probe sequentially to desired depths and taking readings.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>To analyze the relationship of sediment depth 161 and mat color to surface and subsurface temperatures we performed a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SigmaStat (Systat Software, San Jose, CA). Because data violated both normality and equal variance, alpha (2) values were reduced so that p &lt; 0.005. Post-hoc Tukey tests were performed to estimate differences between treatment levels and the results were plotted using SigmaPlot (Systat Software, San Jose, CA). The clearest images of Beggiatoa mats captured by the submersible's high definition cameras were used to create maps indicating all temperature measurement locations in relation to mat cover with Adobe Photoshop CS (Adobe Systems, San Jose, CA). Two red lasers that project from Alvin 10 cm apart were used to create scale bars.<br />
<br />
BCO-DMO added dive_id, dive_target, month, day, year, lat and lon (shipfix and subfix), depth, and cruise_id columns; parameter names were modified to conform to BCO-DMO conventions. The original data was transposed so that profile depths are displayed in one column, rather than separate columns for each depth.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Alvin Heatflow Probe
Alvin Heatflow Probe
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Alvin Heatflow Probe PI Supplied Instrument Description:A Heatflow probe manufactured by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) was used to measure 69 of the 78 temperature profiles. The thermistors have a tolerance of +/- 0.2 up to 40 degrees C, and +/- 1 up to 200 degrees C. Instrument Name: HOV Alvin Heatflow Probe 0.66m Instrument Short Name:Alvin Heatflow Probe 0.66m Instrument Description: The Heatflow probe is a temperature measuring device on the submersible Alvin. It is a 0.6 m titanium tube containing a linear heater and 5 thermistors. The Heatflow probe is designed to measure temperature gradients when inserted into soft sediments.
Heat Flow Probe (from https://ndsf.whoi.edu/alvin/systems/)
Alvin has a 0.6-meter long, five-element temperature sensor. This is used to measure temperature gradients when inserted into soft sediments. Measurable temperature range is 0 to 40 °C, with 0.2 degree accuracy and .001 degree resolution. Additionally, a temperature pulse can be generated and monitored to observe temperature decay in sediments. Data from the heat flow probe is normally displayed on the observer's internal video overlays and is additionally recorded in the submersible's computer data files. Water weight is 4 lbs, and basket space is required to carry the unit and quiver. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P10/current/GI000949/
Alvin High Temperature Probe
Alvin High Temperature Probe
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Alvin High Temperature Probe PI Supplied Instrument Description:The high temperature probe has a type-K thermocouple located at the tip, with a tolerance of +/-3 up to 400 degrees C. To measure temperature profiles with this probe, the tip touched the sediment surface for the first reading before inserting the probe sequentially to desired depths and taking readings. Instrument Name: HOV Alvin High Temperature Probe Instrument Short Name:Alvin High Temp Probe Instrument Description: A temperature measuring device on the submersible Alvin. The high temperature probe is capable of reading in-situ water temperatures from 0 to 450 degrees C.
see https://ndsf.whoi.edu/alvin/systems/ Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/134/
Cruise: AT15-40
AT15-40
R/V Atlantis
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantis
vessel
AT15-40
Andreas Teske
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
http://www.marine.whoi.edu/at_synop.nsf/9452cb38d8d28f30852568cd004b8077/13f181c7f933dbac052574e4006399a9?OpenDocument
Report describing AT15-40
Cruise: AT15-56
AT15-56
R/V Atlantis
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantis
vessel
AT15-56
Andreas Teske
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
http://www.marine.whoi.edu/at_synop.nsf/9452cb38d8d28f30852568cd004b8077/13f181c7f933dbac052574e4006399a9?OpenDocument
Report describing AT15-56
Deployment: AT15-40_Alvin_Dives
AT15-40_Alvin_Dives
HOV Alvin
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
HOV Alvin
submarine-manned
AT15-40_Alvin_Dives
Andreas Teske
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Deployment: AT15-56_Alvin_Dives
AT15-56_Alvin_Dives
HOV Alvin
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
HOV Alvin
submarine-manned
AT15-56_Alvin_Dives
Andreas Teske
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
R/V Atlantis
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantis
vessel
HOV Alvin
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
HOV Alvin
submarine-manned