Record of lionfish collected near Eleuthera, Bahamas during reef surveys in 2012 (Lionfish Invasion project)

Website: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3968
Data Type: Other Field Results
Version: 1
Version Date: 2013-09-12

Project
» Ecological Release and Resistance at Sea: Invasion of Atlantic Coral Reefs by Pacific Lionfish (Lionfish Invasion)
ContributorsAffiliationRole
Hixon, MarkOregon State University (OSU)Lead Principal Investigator
Benkwitt, Cassandra E.Oregon State University (OSU)Scientist
Ingeman, KurtOregon State University (OSU)Scientist
Kindinger, Tye L.Oregon State University (OSU)Scientist
Tuttle, Lillian J.Oregon State University (OSU)Scientist
Rauch, ShannonWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)BCO-DMO Data Manager

Abstract
This dataset includes dates, locations, and biological information (e.g. length) of lionfish (Pterois volitans) that were handled (collected) near Eleuthera, Bahamas during the summer of 2012.


Coverage

Spatial Extent: N:24.8352 E:-76.25653 S:24.76535 W:-76.35137
Temporal Extent: 2012-07-03 - 2012-08-21

Dataset Description

This dataset includes dates, locations, and biological information (e.g. length) of lionfish (Pterois volitans) that were handled (collected) near Eleuthera, Bahamas during the summer of 2012. Also, see the related dataset, "lionfish sightings Eleuthera", for a record of all lionfish sighted.


Methods & Sampling

Information was recorded on all invasive lionfish collected during fieldwork at Eleuthera, Bahamas from 15 June to 30 August 2012.


Data Processing Description

BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
- Modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions.
- Added lat and lon values for each site included in the original metadata.
- Replaced blanks with 'nd' to indicate 'no data'.
- 10-Jan-2018: removed embargo on dataset.


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Data Files

File
lionfish_collections_eleuthera.csv
(Comma Separated Values (.csv), 27.81 KB)
MD5:e3e57d230b5871e2436e1787c418d5df
Primary data file for dataset ID 3968

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Parameters

ParameterDescriptionUnits
siteName of individual reef site. text
latLatitude of the reef site. decimal degrees
lonLongitude of the reef site. decimal degrees
fish_idUnique code given to each lionfish collected in that year. All begin with "L" and are followed by a unique 4-digit number. code
date_collectedThe date of collection in mm/dd/yyyy format. unitless
locationWhere on that reef lionfish was collected. text
depth_ftDepth of collection. feet
len_tot_estEstimated total length of lionfish (in centimeters). cm
len_totMeasured total length of lionfish (in centimeters). cm
tag_tbarT-Bar tag colors (if tag given to lionfish): First letter is color of tag closest to lionfish body and second letter is color of tag farthest from lionfish body.Y= yellowB=Blue G=greenR=redW=whiteP=Purple code
tag_numNumber on T-Bar tag. nd
date_measuredDate that the measurement was taken in mm/dd/yyyy format. unitless
personInitials of the individual that collected the lionfish. text
location_movedLocation or site that the lionfish was transported to. text
date_movedDate that the lionfish was moved in mm/dd/yyyy format. unitless
statusStatus of lionfish (if known). text
date_statusDate of the status update in mm/dd/yyyy format. unitless

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Deployments

Eleuthera_Reef_Surveys_2012

Website
Platform
Cape_Eleuthera_Reefs
Start Date
2012-07-03
End Date
2012-08-28
Description
Reefs were surveyed near the Cape Eleuthera Institute, Eleuthera Bahamas during the summer of 2012 as part of the project "Ecological Release and Resistance at Sea: Invasion of Atlantic Coral Reefs by Pacific Lionfish" and "Mechanisms and Consequences of Fish Biodiversity Loss on Atlantic Coral Reefs Caused by Invasive Pacific Lionfish" (NSF OCE-0851162 & OCE-1233027).


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Project Information

Ecological Release and Resistance at Sea: Invasion of Atlantic Coral Reefs by Pacific Lionfish (Lionfish Invasion)


Coverage: Bahamas; Cayman Islands; Mariana Islands; Philippines


Invasive species are increasingly introduced by human activities to new regions of the world where those species have never existed previously. In the absence of natural enemies (predators, competitors, and diseases) from their homeland, invasives may have strong negative effects on invaded ecosystems, especially systems with fewer species ("ecological release"), and may even drive native species extinct. However, if native natural enemies can somehow control the invaders ("ecological resistance"), then ecological disruption can be prevented or at least moderated. Most of the many invasive species in the sea have been seaweeds and invertebrates, and the few documented invasive marine fishes have not caused major problems. However, this situation has recently changed in a stunning and ominous way. In the early 1990s, lionfish (Pterois volitans) from the Pacific Ocean were accidentally or intentionally released from aquaria to the ocean in the vicinity of Florida. Camouflaged by shape and color, protected by venomous spines, consuming native coral-reef fishes voraciously, and reproducing rapidly, lionfish have subsequently undergone a population explosion. They now range from the mid-Atlantic coast of the US to the Caribbean, including the Bahamas. Native Atlantic fishes have never before encountered this spiny, stealthy, efficient predator and seldom take evasive action. In fact, the investigator has documented that a single lionfish is capable of reducing the abundance of small fish on a small coral patch reef by nearly 80% in just 5 weeks. There is great concern that invasive lionfish may severely reduce the abundance of native coral-reef fishes important as food for humans (e.g., grouper and snapper in their juvenile stages) as well as species that normally maintain the integrity of coral reefs (e.g., grazing parrotfishes that can prevent seaweeds from smothering corals). There are far more species of coral-reef fish in the Pacific than the Atlantic, so this invasion may represent a case of extreme ecological release with minor ecological resistance. Dr. Hixon and colleagues will study the mechanisms of ecological release in lionfish, as well as examine potential sources of ecological resistance in the heavily invaded Bahamas. Because very little is known about the ecology and behavior of lionfish in their native Pacific range, he will also conduct comparative studies in both oceans, which may provide clues regarding the extreme success of this invasion. In the Bahamas, the investigator will document the direct and indirect effects on native species of the ecological release of lionfish, both as a predator and as a competitor. These studies will be conducted at various scales of time and space, from short-term experiments on small patch reefs, to long-term experiments and observations on large reefs. Whereas direct effects involve mostly changes in the abundance of native species, indirect effects can be highly variable. For example, lionfish may actually indirectly benefit some native species by either consuming or outcompeting the competitors of those natives. The project will explore possible ecological resistance to the invasion by determining whether any native Bahamian species are effective natural enemies of lionfish, including predators, parasites, and competitors of both juvenile and adult lionfish. Comparative studies of natural enemies, as well as lionfish ecology and behavior, in both the Atlantic and the Pacific may provide clues regarding the explosive spread of lionfish in the Atlantic.

Regarding broader impacts, this basic research will provide information valuable to coral-reef and fisheries managers fighting the lionfish invasion in the US, the Bahamas, and the greater Caribbean, especially if sources of native ecological resistance are identified. The study will fund the PhD research of U.S. graduate students, as well as involve assistance and participation by a broad variety of undergraduates and reef/fisheries managers, including women, minorities, native Bahamians, and native Pacific islanders. Participation in this project will promote education in marine ecology and conservation biology directly via Dr. Hixon's and graduate students' teaching and outreach activities, and indirectly via the experiences of undergraduate field assistants and various associates.



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Funding

Funding SourceAward
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE)

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