http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/4069
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2013-10-29
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Results from experiments examining the cell diameter of Crocosphaera watsonii (WH0003) as a function of total P, light, and CO2; conducted in the Hutchins Laboratory, USC
2013-10-29
publication
2013-10-29
revision
BCO-DMO Linked Data URI
2013-10-29
creation
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/4069
David A. Hutchins
University of Southern California
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Hutchins, D. A. (2013) Results from experiments examining the cell diameter of Crocosphaera watsonii (WH0003) as a function of total P, light, and CO2; conducted in the Hutchins Laboratory, USC. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 29 Oct 2013) Version Date 2013-10-29 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/4069 [access date]
Cell diameter of Crocosphaera watsonii (WH0003) as a function of total P, light, and CO2. Dataset Description: <p>Results of a laboratory experiment examining growth of the WH0003 isolate of<em> Crocosphaera watsonii</em> as a function of total Phosphorus (P) concentration, under different light intensities and pCO2 levels. WH0003 was isolated near Sta. ALOHA (A Long Term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment) in the North Pacific Ocean near Hawaii (22 deg 45' N, 158 deg 00' W).</p>
<p>Detailed methods and results are described in the following publication (see Figure 4, panel b):<br />
Garcia, N.S., Fu, F.X., and Hutchins, D.A.&nbsp; (2013). Colimitation of the unicellular photosynthetic diazotroph Crocosphaera watsonii by phosphorus, light, and carbon dioxide. Limnology and Oceanography 58(4): 1501-1512. DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.4.1501" target="_blank">10.4319/lo.2013.58.4.1501</a></p> Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Culturing and experimental conditions</strong><br />
Experimental cultures were grown with a semi-continuous culturing method at 28 degrees C in autoclave-sterilized artificial seawater medium with nutrients added in concentrations equivalent to the recipe for the Aquil medium (except for NO3-), as in Garcia et al. (2011) and originally described by Morel et al. (1979).</p>
<p><strong>P-light-CO2 experiment and cellular growth rates</strong><br />
In the P-light-CO2 experiment, triplicate cultures were diluted every two days to 5 x 103 cells per mL with medium that contained treatment concentrations of PO43- ranging from 0.1 - 4.0 umol per L.&nbsp; Cells were counted microscopically in each replicate culture with a hemocytometer at the end of each dilution period, and steady state growth rates were calculated from an increase in culture cell number per unit volume between 2-3 dilution periods (4-6 days) after cultures were acclimated to treatment conditions for 7-10 generations.</p>
<p>A low cell biomass was necessary to control CO2 concentrations in cultures and a consistent dilution period reduced variations in growth rates between dilutions. In the P-light-CO2 experiment cultures were grown in 1 L polycarbonate bottles at 40 or 150 umol quanta per square meter per second and bubbled with 19 Pa or 81 Pa pCO2 pre-mixed air supplied and certified by Gilmore Liquid Air Company. Culture pH was measured with a pH meter using the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) scale for seawater pH measurements (model: Orion 5 star, Thermo Scientific). For the P-light-CO2 experiment seawater was bubbled and pre-equilibrated with treatment concentrations of pCO2 before measuring pH and adding nutrients. This was essential to maintain high pH values in the 19 Pa pCO2 treatments. The investigators excluded data from the high light, 19-Pa pCO2 treatment where the pH was &gt;0.05 units lower than the expected pH range of 8.45-8.49 (specifically, the 0.4, 0.8, 2.0 umol total P per L treatments).</p>
<p>Light was supplied on a 12:12 light:dark cycle with cool white fluorescent bulbs. The investigators terminally sampled each replicate culture 24 hours after the last dilution for N2-fixation rates and CO2-fixation rates, and at this point they also sampled for P-uptake rate measurements and cellular P content from each replicate in the P-light-CO2 experiment. To acclimate cultures to low P conditions in the P-light-CO2 experiment, the investigators consecutively reduced the concentration of P by transferring cultures acclimated to neighboring P concentrations in the experimental matrix. Steady-state growth was not achievable in treatments with the lowest P concentrations because growth rates continuously declined when the concentration of P was reduced to those concentrations. In these cases, the investigators sampled cultures before growth rates became negative, except for the low-light, low-P, low-pCO2 treatment, which did have a negative growth rate.</p>
<p><strong>Phosphorus-uptake rates</strong><br />
Phosphorus-uptake rates were determined with radioactive 33PO43- over 24 h. The investigators inoculated 200 mL culture samples from each treatment replicate with 0.46 KBq 33PO43- mL-1, yielding a final added concentration of 0.33 pmol 33PO43- mL-1. The investigators accounted for 33PO43- that was not incorporated into the cell by inoculating parallel 200 mL culture samples (pooled from 3 experimental replicates) with the same final activity and concentration of 33PO43- just before filtering at the end of the 24 h incubation period.</p>
<p><strong>Cellular P</strong><br />
Near the end of the light period (9th-11th hour), samples were filtered for cellular P content (50 mL) from each replicate onto combusted (450 degrees C, 4 h) Whatman GF/F filters and measured them as in Fu et al. (2005). Filtered samples were rinsed 3 times with 2 mL 0.017 mol L-1 Na2SO4 and placed in 20 mL glass scintillation vials with 2 mL 0.017 MgSO4, which was evaporated at ~80 degrees C over a few days. Filters were combusted at 450 degrees C for 2 h to release P from organic compounds. After cooling, filters were reheated to 80 degrees C along with 5 mL 0.2 mol per liter HCl for 30 minutes and phosphate concentrations were estimated spectrophotometrically with the colorimetric assay described by Lebo and Sharp (1992).</p>
<p><strong>References:</strong><br />
Garcia, N. S., F.-X. Fu, , C. L. Breene, P. W. Bernhardt, M. R. Mulholland, J. A. Sohm, and D. A. Hutchins. 2011. Interactive effects of irradiance and CO2 on CO2- and N2 fixation in the diazotroph Trichodesmium erythraeum (Cyanobacteria). J. Phycol. 47: 1292-1303. DOI:&nbsp;<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01078.x" target="_blank">10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01078.x</a></p>
<p>Lebo, M. E., and J. H. Sharp. 1992. Modeling phosphorus cycling in a well-mixed coastal plain estuary. Estuar. Coastal Shelf Sci. 35: 235-252. doi: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(05)80046-0" target="_blank">10.1016/S0272-7714(05)80046-0</a></p>
<p>Morel, F. M. M., J. G. Rueter, D. M. Anderson, and Guillard, R. R. L. 1979. Aquil: Chemically defined phytoplankton culture medium for trace metal studies. J. Phycol. 15:135-141. DOI:&nbsp;<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.1979.tb02976.x" target="_blank">10.1111/j.1529-8817.1979.tb02976.x</a></p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0722337 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0722337
completed
David A. Hutchins
University of Southern California
213-740-5616
Department of Biological Sciences 3616 Trousdale Parkway, AHF 20
Los Angeles
CA
90089
USA
dahutch@usc.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 29 Oct 2013
Unknown
light
pCO2
log_total_P
cell_diameter
Hemocytometer
Microscope-Optical
pH Sensor
theme
None, User defined
irradiance
Partial pressure of CO2
No BCO-DMO term
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Hemocytometer
Microscope - Optical
pH Sensor
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
lab_Hutchins_07-12_diazotrophs
service
Deployment Activity
Hutchins Laboratory, University of Southern California
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
CO2 control of oceanic nitrogen fixation and carbon flow through diazotrophs
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/2172
CO2 control of oceanic nitrogen fixation and carbon flow through diazotrophs
<p><i>From NSF award abstract:</i></p>
<p>The importance of marine N2 fixation to present ocean productivity and global nutrient and carbon biogeochemistry is now universally recognized. Marine N2 fixation rates and oceanic N inventories are also thought to have varied over geological time due to climate variability and change. However, almost nothing is known about the responses of dominant N2 fixers in the ocean such as Trichodesmium and unicellular N2 fixing cyanobacteria to past, present and future global atmospheric CO2 regimes. Our preliminary data demonstrate that N2 and CO2 fixation rates, growth rates, and elemental ratios of Atlantic and Pacific Trichodesmium isolates are controlled by the ambient CO2 concentration at which they are grown. At projected year 2100 pCO2 (750 ppm), N2 fixation rates of both strains increased 35-100%, with simultaneous increases in C fixation rates and cellular N:P and C:P ratios. Surprisingly, these increases in N2 and C fixation due to elevated CO2 were of similar relative magnitude regardless of the growth temperature or P availability. Thus, the influence of CO2 appears to be independent of other common growth-limiting factors. Equally important, Trichodesmium growth and N2 fixation were completely halted at low pCO2 levels (150 ppm), suggesting that diazotrophy by this genus may have been marginal at best at last glacial maximum pCO2 levels of ~190 ppm. Genetic evidence indicates that Trichodesmium diazotrophy is subject to CO2 control because this cyanobacterium lacks high-affinity dissolved inorganic carbon transport capabilities. These findings may force a re-evaluation of the hypothesized role of past marine N2 fixation in glacial/interglacial climate changes, as well as consideration of the potential for increased ocean diazotrophy and altered nutrient and carbon cycling in the future high-CO2 ocean.</p>
<p>We propose an interdisciplinary project to examine the relationship between ocean N2 fixing cyanobacteria and changing pCO2. A combined field and laboratory approach will incorporate in situ measurements with experimental manipulations using natural and cultured populations of Trichodesmium and unicellular N2 fixers over range of pCO2 spanning glacial era to future concentrations (150-1500 ppm). We will also examine how effects of pCO2 on N2 and C fixation and elemental stoichiometry are moderated by the availability of other potentially growth-limiting variables such as Fe, P, temperature, and light. We plan to obtain a detailed picture of the full range of responses of important oceanic diazotrophs to changing pCO2, including growth rates, N2 and CO2 fixation, cellular elemental ratios, fixed N release, photosynthetic physiology, and expression of key genes involved in carbon and nitrogen acquisition at both the transcript and protein level.</p>
<p>This research has the potential to evolutionize our understanding of controls on N2 fixation in the ocean. Many of our current ideas about the interactions between oceanic N2 fixation, atmospheric CO2, nutrient biogeochemistry, ocean productivity, and global climate change may need revision to take into account previously unrecognized feedback mechanisms between atmospheric composition and diazotrophs. Our findings could thus have major implications for human society, and its increasing dependence on ocean resources in an uncertain future. This project will take the first vital steps towards understanding how a biogeochemically-critical process, the fixation of N2 in the ocean, may respond to our rapidly changing world during the century to come.</p>
Diaz N2-Fix in High CO2
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Hutchins Laboratory, University of Southern California
2013-10-29
Laboratory
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Results from experiments examining the cell diameter of Crocosphaera watsonii (WH0003) as a function of total P, light, and CO2; conducted in the Hutchins Laboratory, USC
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/36985.rdf
Name: light
Units: micromoles quanta per square meter per second (umol quanta m-2 s-1)
Description: <p>Light intensity.<br /> (For more about light measurement see: <a href="http://www.marine.csiro.au/microalgae/methods/Light%20Physical%20Units.htm" target="_blank">Australian National Algae Culture Collection</a> <br /> and <a href="http://5e.plantphys.net/article.php?ch=9&id=131" target="_blank">Plant Physiology Online</a>.)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/36986.rdf
Name: pCO2
Units: Pascals (Pa)
Description: <p>Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in the water body (19 or 81 Pa).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/36987.rdf
Name: log_total_P
Units: micromoles per Liter (umol L-1)
Description: <p>Log of total phosphate concentration.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/36988.rdf
Name: cell_diameter
Units: micrometers (um)
Description: <p>Cell diameter measured in micrometers (um).</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
899
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/P66GwBVIoXENoY/C_watsonii_WH0003_cell_diam_figb.csv
C_watsonii_WH0003_cell_diam_figb.csv
Primary data file for dataset ID 4069
download
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/4069/data/download
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Culturing and experimental conditions</strong><br />
Experimental cultures were grown with a semi-continuous culturing method at 28 degrees C in autoclave-sterilized artificial seawater medium with nutrients added in concentrations equivalent to the recipe for the Aquil medium (except for NO3-), as in Garcia et al. (2011) and originally described by Morel et al. (1979).</p>
<p><strong>P-light-CO2 experiment and cellular growth rates</strong><br />
In the P-light-CO2 experiment, triplicate cultures were diluted every two days to 5 x 103 cells per mL with medium that contained treatment concentrations of PO43- ranging from 0.1 - 4.0 umol per L.&nbsp; Cells were counted microscopically in each replicate culture with a hemocytometer at the end of each dilution period, and steady state growth rates were calculated from an increase in culture cell number per unit volume between 2-3 dilution periods (4-6 days) after cultures were acclimated to treatment conditions for 7-10 generations.</p>
<p>A low cell biomass was necessary to control CO2 concentrations in cultures and a consistent dilution period reduced variations in growth rates between dilutions. In the P-light-CO2 experiment cultures were grown in 1 L polycarbonate bottles at 40 or 150 umol quanta per square meter per second and bubbled with 19 Pa or 81 Pa pCO2 pre-mixed air supplied and certified by Gilmore Liquid Air Company. Culture pH was measured with a pH meter using the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) scale for seawater pH measurements (model: Orion 5 star, Thermo Scientific). For the P-light-CO2 experiment seawater was bubbled and pre-equilibrated with treatment concentrations of pCO2 before measuring pH and adding nutrients. This was essential to maintain high pH values in the 19 Pa pCO2 treatments. The investigators excluded data from the high light, 19-Pa pCO2 treatment where the pH was &gt;0.05 units lower than the expected pH range of 8.45-8.49 (specifically, the 0.4, 0.8, 2.0 umol total P per L treatments).</p>
<p>Light was supplied on a 12:12 light:dark cycle with cool white fluorescent bulbs. The investigators terminally sampled each replicate culture 24 hours after the last dilution for N2-fixation rates and CO2-fixation rates, and at this point they also sampled for P-uptake rate measurements and cellular P content from each replicate in the P-light-CO2 experiment. To acclimate cultures to low P conditions in the P-light-CO2 experiment, the investigators consecutively reduced the concentration of P by transferring cultures acclimated to neighboring P concentrations in the experimental matrix. Steady-state growth was not achievable in treatments with the lowest P concentrations because growth rates continuously declined when the concentration of P was reduced to those concentrations. In these cases, the investigators sampled cultures before growth rates became negative, except for the low-light, low-P, low-pCO2 treatment, which did have a negative growth rate.</p>
<p><strong>Phosphorus-uptake rates</strong><br />
Phosphorus-uptake rates were determined with radioactive 33PO43- over 24 h. The investigators inoculated 200 mL culture samples from each treatment replicate with 0.46 KBq 33PO43- mL-1, yielding a final added concentration of 0.33 pmol 33PO43- mL-1. The investigators accounted for 33PO43- that was not incorporated into the cell by inoculating parallel 200 mL culture samples (pooled from 3 experimental replicates) with the same final activity and concentration of 33PO43- just before filtering at the end of the 24 h incubation period.</p>
<p><strong>Cellular P</strong><br />
Near the end of the light period (9th-11th hour), samples were filtered for cellular P content (50 mL) from each replicate onto combusted (450 degrees C, 4 h) Whatman GF/F filters and measured them as in Fu et al. (2005). Filtered samples were rinsed 3 times with 2 mL 0.017 mol L-1 Na2SO4 and placed in 20 mL glass scintillation vials with 2 mL 0.017 MgSO4, which was evaporated at ~80 degrees C over a few days. Filters were combusted at 450 degrees C for 2 h to release P from organic compounds. After cooling, filters were reheated to 80 degrees C along with 5 mL 0.2 mol per liter HCl for 30 minutes and phosphate concentrations were estimated spectrophotometrically with the colorimetric assay described by Lebo and Sharp (1992).</p>
<p><strong>References:</strong><br />
Garcia, N. S., F.-X. Fu, , C. L. Breene, P. W. Bernhardt, M. R. Mulholland, J. A. Sohm, and D. A. Hutchins. 2011. Interactive effects of irradiance and CO2 on CO2- and N2 fixation in the diazotroph Trichodesmium erythraeum (Cyanobacteria). J. Phycol. 47: 1292-1303. DOI:&nbsp;<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01078.x" target="_blank">10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01078.x</a></p>
<p>Lebo, M. E., and J. H. Sharp. 1992. Modeling phosphorus cycling in a well-mixed coastal plain estuary. Estuar. Coastal Shelf Sci. 35: 235-252. doi: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(05)80046-0" target="_blank">10.1016/S0272-7714(05)80046-0</a></p>
<p>Morel, F. M. M., J. G. Rueter, D. M. Anderson, and Guillard, R. R. L. 1979. Aquil: Chemically defined phytoplankton culture medium for trace metal studies. J. Phycol. 15:135-141. DOI:&nbsp;<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.1979.tb02976.x" target="_blank">10.1111/j.1529-8817.1979.tb02976.x</a></p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>BCO-DMO re-arranged data formatted as separate tables into one dataset. Parameter names were changed to conform with BCO-DMO conventions.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Hemocytometer
Hemocytometer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Hemocytometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Cells were counted microscopically in each replicate culture with a hemocytometer. Instrument Name: Hemocytometer Instrument Short Name:Hemocytometer Instrument Description: A hemocytometer is a small glass chamber, resembling a thick microscope slide, used for determining the number of cells per unit volume of a suspension. Originally used for performing blood cell counts, a hemocytometer can be used to count a variety of cell types in the laboratory. Also spelled as "haemocytometer". Description from:
http://hlsweb.dmu.ac.uk/ahs/elearning/RITA/Haem1/Haem1.html.
Microscope-Optical
Microscope-Optical
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Microscope-Optical PI Supplied Instrument Description:Cell diameters were measured with an ocular micrometer. Instrument Name: Microscope - Optical Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments that generate enlarged images of samples using the phenomena of reflection and absorption of visible light. Includes conventional and inverted instruments. Also called a "light microscope". Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB05/
pH Sensor
pH Sensor
PI Supplied Instrument Name: pH Sensor PI Supplied Instrument Description:Culture pH was measured with an Orion 5 star (Thermo Scientific) pH meter using the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) scale for seawater pH measurements. Instrument Name: pH Sensor Instrument Short Name:pH Sensor Instrument Description: An instrument that measures the hydrogen ion activity in solutions.
The overall concentration of hydrogen ions is inversely related to its pH. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 and indicates whether acidic (more H+) or basic (less H+).
Deployment: lab_Hutchins_07-12_diazotrophs
lab_Hutchins_07-12_diazotrophs
USC
laboratory
lab_Hutchins_07-12_diazotrophs
David A. Hutchins
University of Southern California
USC
laboratory