http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/489310
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2014-01-31
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Natural abundance of nitrogen and carbon on filters from Cape Flattery, WA from 2010-2011 (Regenerated Nitrogen project)
2014-11-04
publication
2014-11-04
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2014-02-02
publication
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/6420
Ms Santhiska Pather
University of Massachusetts Dartmouth SMAST
principalInvestigator
Mark A. Altabet
University of Massachusetts Dartmouth SMAST
principalInvestigator
Catherine Pfister
University of Chicago
principalInvestigator
David Post
Yale University
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Pather, S., Pfister, C., Altabet, M., Post, D. (2014) The role of regenerated nitrogen for rocky shore productivity, Cape Flattery, Washington, 2010 & 2011. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 2014-01-24) Version Date 2014-01-24 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.1575/1912/6420 [access date]
Natural abundance of Nitrogen and Carbon on filters Dataset Description: <p>We evaluated the role of mussels by adding 15N-labeled NH4+ to an assemblage of tidepools where they were either present at natural abundance levels, or absent through manual removal. &nbsp;The role of phototrophs was separately examined by conducting these experiments both during the day and at night. &nbsp;The tidal height of pools varied between 1.2 to 1.5 m above Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW). Tidepools were thus isolated from each other as well as the nearshore environment during the low tide period when experiments were conducted. Each experiment included 4 to 5 mussel removal (MR) tidepools (since 2002) and 4 to 5 mussel control (MC) tidepools with natural mussel densities. &nbsp;In June 2010, we performed daytime NH4+ tracer experiments and in August 2010 nighttime experiments using the same tidepools. The following year (July 2011) these experiments were repeated with the addition of bottle incubations (see below) to evaluate the effects of suspended tidepool components and extended sampling for 6 days after the initial 15N addition to test for long-term retention of NH4+. &nbsp;During the 2011 experiments, unforeseen rain reduced the salinity in some pools by up to 51%, and we have attempted to correct for the expected dilution of NH4+ in our tidepool rate calculations.</p>
<p>Because isotope enrichment levels were relatively low, we used the conventional delta notation instead of atom% to describe variations in 15N enrichment (where delta-15NH4+ = {(15N:14N sample ÷ 15N:14N standard) -1}×1000‰, where the standard is atmospheric N2. &nbsp;Tracer labeled ammonium chloride (15NH4Cl) was added to the pools to approximate a 1000‰ enrichment in 2010 (doubling the 15N-NH4+ concentration) and a 2000‰ enrichment in 2011(tripling the 15N-NH4+ concentration). 15N natural abundance is only 0.365% and these tracer additions thus had a negligible effect on the overall NH4+ concentrations increasing them by only ~0.4% and ~0.8%, respectively. Tidepool volumes were estimated spectrophotometrically using varying concentrations of food dye (Pfister 1995). Together with estimates of NH4+ concentration (from 2009 data), we estimated the tracer addition required to achieve the targeted 15N enrichments. However, the actual initial enrichments varied substantially, 684.4 - 2406.4‰ in 2010 and 781.4 - 3880.2‰ in 2011, likely due to error in tidepool volume estimation and natural variations in initial NH4+ concentrations. Fortunately, we sampled immediately following each tracer addition allowing for the determination of the true initial 15N enrichment. &nbsp;</p>
<p>Prior to tracer addition at ebb tide, 100 mL of tidepool water was syringe-filtered (Whatman GF/F) into separate HDPE bottles for natural abundance 15NH4+ and concentration determination. &nbsp;To each pool, tracer 15NH4+ was then added and distributed by stirring with a stick. Water samples were immediately collected for measuring initial 15N enrichment and subsequently at 2, 4, and 6 hour intervals to determine isotope and concentration time courses. All water samples were frozen until analysis. Tidepool oxygen, pH, and temperature (Hach HQ4D) were also collected at ~ 2 h intervals throughout the experiment.</p>
<p>In 2011 we also assessed the contribution of the suspended microbial community to NH4+ cycling by enclosing tidepool water in a 250 mL transparent polycarbonate incubation bottle. Following tracer addition, the bottle was filled, then left to float in the tidepool for the duration of the experiment. Samples from bottles were filtered as described both immediately after containment and at the end of the experiment (~6 h later).</p>
<p>We assessed macroalgal contribution to NH4+ removal by transplanting two tidepool-dwelling algae species. &nbsp;Prionitis sternbergii were sampled 2 weeks prior to the experiment for baseline natural abundance 15N values and transplanted into the pools with Z-Spar Epoxy (Pfister 2007). On the day of the experiment, the red-alga, Corallina vancouveriensis from a single source patch, was also sampled for 15N natural abundance, inserted into pieces of Styrofoam, and floated in each pool.</p>
<p>At the end of each experiment (~6 h sampling point), we sampled tidepool particulate organic material (POM) by filtering through combusted GF/F filters until they clogged (~ 600 mL), comparing these samples with POM similarly sampled from the immediate nearshore. &nbsp;Floating Corallina spp. samples were collected into clean Eppendorf tubes, and similar sized pieces of Prionitis spp. were collected from each pool into clean foil packets.&nbsp;<br />
We evaluated the extent of longer-term 15N tracer retention in 2011 by sampling tidepool water, POM and transplanted Prionitis 1, 3, and 6 days following tracer addition. We sampled at ebb tide and at again at slack water just prior to high tide on the first day after tracer addition (that is, 24 h later) and at slack water prior to high tide on Day 3 and 6.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Relevant References:</strong></p>
<p>2014. Pather, S., C. A. Pfister, M. Altabet, D. M. Post. Ammonium cycling in the rocky intertidal: remineralization, removal and retention. Limnology and Oceanography 59:361-372.&nbsp;<a href="http://aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_59/issue_2/0361.html" target="_blank">http://aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_59/issue_2/0361.htm</a></p>
<p>DOI for this dataset:&nbsp;The role of regenerated nitrogen for rocky shore productivity, Cape Flattery, Washington, 2010 &amp; 2011.&nbsp;Handle:&nbsp;<a href="http://hdl.handle.net/1912/6420" target="_blank">http://hdl.handle.net/1912/6420</a>.&nbsp;DOI:10.1575/1912/6420</p>
<p><strong>Related Datasets</strong>:<br />
<a href="http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/489420">ammonium removal by seaweeds</a><br />
<a href="http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/489283" target="_blank">filter tracer content</a><br />
<a href="http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/488860" target="_blank">tidepool ammonium and mussels</a><br />
<a href="http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/489085" target="_blank">tidepool incubation ammonium</a></p> Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Laboratory analysis</strong></p>
<p>NH4+ and NO3- concentrations were measured at the University of Washington Marine Chemistry Lab (methods from UNESCO 1994). Concentration values from 2011 were corrected for rain dilution using the change in salinity measured over the incubation period assuming no addition of NH4+ or NO3- to the pools from the rainfall.&nbsp;</p>
<p>NH4+ isotopic composition was measured according to a modified version of Zhang et al. (2007) after isotope dilution to less than 500‰ to prevent isotopic contamination of the natural abundance-level mass spectrometer system. Briefly, NH4+ is oxidized to nitrite using hypobromite then reduced to N2O using acetic acid buffered sodium azide before analysis on an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). In modification of the prior method, pre-existing NO2- was removed prior to hypobromite addition by reaction with sulfamic acid. To a 20 mL sample volume, 340 µL 20 mmol L-1 sulfamic acid and 10 µL 10% HCl was added and allowed to react for 12 hours at room temperature. A second improvement was the addition of 6 mol L-1 HCl to reduce the pH of the sample below 7 prior to the addition of an azide-100% acetic acid reagent. Isotope determinations were made at U. Massachusetts Dartmouth using a GV IsoPrime IRMS, a custom purge-trap sample preparation system, and a CTC PAL autosampler. Reproducibility was better than ± 0.5‰. &nbsp;</p>
<p>Filters and algal samples were dried at 60°C for 48 h and elemental and isotopic analyses were made at the University of Chicago and at Yale University. Samples were run using a Costech 4010 Elemental Analyzer combustion system coupled to a Thermo DeltaV Plus IRMS via a Thermo Conflo IV interface (University of Chicago), or using the same Elemental Analyzer coupled to a Thermo DeltaXP Advantage IRMS via a Thermo Conflo III interface (Yale University). &nbsp;Reproducibility was better than ± 0.1‰.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0928232 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0928232
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0928015 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0928015
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0928152 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0928152
completed
Ms Santhiska Pather
University of Massachusetts Dartmouth SMAST
202 566 2452
Office of Water/Office of Science and Technology Health and Ecological Criteria Division (MC 4304T); 1200 Pennsylvania Ave NW
Washington
D.C.
20460
pather.santhiska@epa.gov
pointOfContact
Mark A. Altabet
University of Massachusetts Dartmouth SMAST
508-999-8622
706 S. Rodney French Blvd
New Bedford
MA
02067
USA
maltabet@umassd.edu
pointOfContact
Catherine Pfister
University of Chicago
773-834-0071
Department of Ecology and Evolution 1101 E 57th St
Chicago
IL
60637
USA
cpfister@uchicago.edu
pointOfContact
David Post
Yale University
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology P.O. Box 208106
New Haven
CT
06520
USA
david.post@yale.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 2014-11-04
Unknown
lat
lon
shore_offshore
depth
date
sample
d15N
N_pcent
C_pcent
vol_filt
site
CHN_EA
IR Mass Spec
Nutrient Autoanalyzer
theme
None, User defined
latitude
longitude
No BCO-DMO term
depth
date
sample identification
volume of water filtered
site
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
CHN Elemental Analyzer
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
Nutrient Autoanalyzer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
Cape_Flattery_2011
service
Deployment Activity
Cape Flattery, WA
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
The Role of Regenerated Nitrogen for Rocky Shore Productivity
http://pfisterlab.uchicago.edu
The Role of Regenerated Nitrogen for Rocky Shore Productivity
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
A fundamental and persistent question in a multitude of ecosystems is the extent to which new versus regenerated nutrients support ecosystem productivity. In coastal marine systems, nitrate derived from upwelling (= new nitrogen) and ammonium regeneration in coastal waters and sediments (= regenerated nitrogen) are major nitrogen sources that fuel coastal ocean productivity. Because inorganic nitrogen availability clearly regulates production in a large number of areas, understanding nitrogen supply is essential. In open coast regions away from river mouths, nitrate inputs are determined by large-scale physical processes promoting upwelling of deep, nutrient-rich water including wind direction and intensity. In contrast, regenerated nitrogen (mainly ammonium) is generally the result of local animal and microbial processes. Along marine rocky shores, where upwelling is typically used as a proxy for productivity, we know very little about the dynamics of regenerated nutrients and their potential contribution to productivity at larger scales; only upwelling is typically used as a proxy for productivity. Associations of the abundant California mussel, Mytilus californianus, with water nutrients, algal productivity, stable isotope signatures, and microbial genetics indicate potentially strong regeneration of nitrogen by these animals and suggest an important secondary role of nitrifying microbes affiliated with these animals.</p>
<p>In this project, the investigators will quantify the relative contribution of regenerated nitrogen on rocky shores through censuses and experiments across a gradient of mussel abundance. They will use stable nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate to disentangle the contribution of different biological processes versus upwelling to the nitrogen supply and uptake of rocky shore regions. This includes both natural abundance and tracer addition studies.</p>
<p>Broader Impacts. Regenerated nitrogen supply, as opposed to new nitrogen via upwelling, is a local process dependent upon an intact animal community. However, mussels and other nearshore animals may be particularly vulnerable to a changing thermal environment, toxic algal blooms, and ocean acidification. Given the dramatic changes to the coastal nitrogen cycle in recent years, and potential changes to currents, upwelling, ocean chemistry, and El Niño frequencies portended by global changes to our climate, we to know the relative effect of local versus larger scale oceanic events on the nitrogen cycle. The proposed work links biological interactions in situ with its implications for coastal productivity.</p>
<p>In addition to expected publications in high quality journals, educational activities will continue to focus on graduate and undergraduate education and mentoring. The proposal will fund two graduate students and two undergraduates per year. The PI's will work closely with government (Olympic Marine National Sanctuary) and tribal (Makah Tribe) representatives to communicate this research. We will also work with Makah Museum Board of Trustees and the Makah Higher Education Committee to identify Makah students as research assistants. All three PI's teach broadly across their respective campuses, instructing almost every type of undergraduate major.</p>
Regenerated Nitrogen
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
biota
oceans
Cape Flattery, WA
2014-11-04
coastal northeast Pacific Ocean
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Natural abundance of nitrogen and carbon on filters from Cape Flattery, WA from 2010-2011 (Regenerated Nitrogen project)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/489318.rdf
Name: lat
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>latitude; north is positive</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/489319.rdf
Name: lon
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>longitude; east is positive</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/489320.rdf
Name: shore_offshore
Units: text
Description: <p>sampling was close to shore or off-shore</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/489321.rdf
Name: depth
Units: meters
Description: <p>depth</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/489322.rdf
Name: date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>date samples collected in yyyymmdd format</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/489323.rdf
Name: sample
Units: unitless
Description: <p>sample identification number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/489324.rdf
Name: d15N
Units: parts per thousand vs. VSMOW (Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water)
Description: <p>nitrogen isotopic composition (delta 15N:N14) of the (mostly organic) material trapped on the filter</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/489325.rdf
Name: N_pcent
Units: percent
Description: <p>percent nitrogen</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/489326.rdf
Name: C_pcent
Units: percent
Description: <p>percent carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/489327.rdf
Name: vol_filt
Units: liters
Description: <p>volume filtered</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/537356.rdf
Name: site
Units: unitless
Description: <p>sampling location</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/6420
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Laboratory analysis</strong></p>
<p>NH4+ and NO3- concentrations were measured at the University of Washington Marine Chemistry Lab (methods from UNESCO 1994). Concentration values from 2011 were corrected for rain dilution using the change in salinity measured over the incubation period assuming no addition of NH4+ or NO3- to the pools from the rainfall.&nbsp;</p>
<p>NH4+ isotopic composition was measured according to a modified version of Zhang et al. (2007) after isotope dilution to less than 500‰ to prevent isotopic contamination of the natural abundance-level mass spectrometer system. Briefly, NH4+ is oxidized to nitrite using hypobromite then reduced to N2O using acetic acid buffered sodium azide before analysis on an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). In modification of the prior method, pre-existing NO2- was removed prior to hypobromite addition by reaction with sulfamic acid. To a 20 mL sample volume, 340 µL 20 mmol L-1 sulfamic acid and 10 µL 10% HCl was added and allowed to react for 12 hours at room temperature. A second improvement was the addition of 6 mol L-1 HCl to reduce the pH of the sample below 7 prior to the addition of an azide-100% acetic acid reagent. Isotope determinations were made at U. Massachusetts Dartmouth using a GV IsoPrime IRMS, a custom purge-trap sample preparation system, and a CTC PAL autosampler. Reproducibility was better than ± 0.5‰. &nbsp;</p>
<p>Filters and algal samples were dried at 60°C for 48 h and elemental and isotopic analyses were made at the University of Chicago and at Yale University. Samples were run using a Costech 4010 Elemental Analyzer combustion system coupled to a Thermo DeltaV Plus IRMS via a Thermo Conflo IV interface (University of Chicago), or using the same Elemental Analyzer coupled to a Thermo DeltaXP Advantage IRMS via a Thermo Conflo III interface (Yale University). &nbsp;Reproducibility was better than ± 0.1‰.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Raw NH4+ isotope data were corrected for a background ‘blank’ using a simple mass balance equation (Zhang et al. 2007) to remove the contribution made to the signal height from reagent and diluent low nutrient seawater (LNSW) NH4+ contamination. Data were then calibrated using a standard curve derived from co-analysis of international standards National Institute of Standards and Technology United States Geological Survey 25 (-29.4‰) and 26 (+52.9‰), and International Atomic Energy Agency N1 (0.5‰) per Zhang et al. (2007). A final correction was made for the initial isotopic dilution.&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
CHN_EA
CHN_EA
PI Supplied Instrument Name: CHN_EA PI Supplied Instrument Description:Samples were run using a Costech 4010 Elemental Analyzer combustion system coupled to a Thermo DeltaV Plus IRMS via a Thermo Conflo IV interface (University of Chicago), or using the same Elemental Analyzer coupled to a Thermo DeltaXP Advantage IRMS via a Thermo Conflo III interface (Yale University). Reproducibility was better than ± 0.1‰.
These instruments were used to look at the mass composition and isotopic signatures of the algal and filter material. Instrument Name: CHN Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name:CHN_EA Instrument Description: A CHN Elemental Analyzer is used for the determination of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen content in organic and other types of materials, including solids, liquids, volatile, and viscous samples.
IR Mass Spec
IR Mass Spec
PI Supplied Instrument Name: IR Mass Spec PI Supplied Instrument Description:GV IsoPrime IRMS: Isotope determinations were made at U. Massachusetts Dartmouth using a GV IsoPrime IRMS, a custom purge-trap sample preparation system, and a CTC PAL autosampler. Reproducibility was better than ± 0.5‰. Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
Nutrient Autoanalyzer
Nutrient Autoanalyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Nutrient Autoanalyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:The nutrient autoanalyzer at UWashington was used to determine the nutrient concentrations in the water. Analyses and calibration follow the protocols of the WOCE Hydrographic Program using a Technicon AAII system.
For more information, see http://www.ocean.washington.edu/story/Marine+Chemistry+Laboratory Instrument Name: Nutrient Autoanalyzer Instrument Short Name:Nutrient Autoanalyzer Instrument Description: Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term used when specific type, make and model were not specified. In general, a Nutrient Autoanalyzer is an automated flow-thru system for doing nutrient analysis (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) on seawater samples. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB04/
Deployment: Cape_Flattery_2011
Cape_Flattery_2011
Cape_Flattery
shoreside
Cape_Flattery_2011
Ms Santhiska Pather
University of Massachusetts Dartmouth SMAST
Cape_Flattery
shoreside