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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/527879.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Discrete underway data from USCGC Healy cruise HLY1202 from the Arctic, North of Alaska in 2012 (OA - Canada Basin project)</gmx:Anchor>
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                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://ror.org/032db5x82" xlink:title="ROR ID" xlink:actuate="onRequest">University of South Florida</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Wynn, J., Onac, B., Robbins, L. (2014) Discrete underway data from USCGC Healy cruise HLY1202 from the Arctic, North of Alaska in 2012 (OA - Canada Basin project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 09 September 2014) Version Date 2014-09-09 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/527879 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Discrete Underway Dataset Description: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;USGS Arctic Ocean Carbon Cruise 2012: Discrete Underway Data&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Discrete underway seawater samples that were analyzed onboard during the HLY 2012 cruise&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;For aditional information see:&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://dmoserv3.whoi.edu/data_docs/OA_Canada_Basin/HEALY1202_FINAL_CRUISE_REPORT-3.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;HLY1202 Cruise Report, Appendix E&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://dmoserv3.whoi.edu/data_docs/OA_Canada_Basin/ds_methods.html&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 862 - Methods&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Discrete Surface Samples&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Discrete water samples were collected while underway following protocols outlined in Dickson and others (2007). Surface water samples were collected for measurement of pH, total alkalinity(TA)/total carbon, nutrients (NH4, silica, PO4, and NO2+N), stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition,&amp;amp;nbsp; elemental analysis, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC). Water samples were removed from the sampling port of the vessel's flow-through seawater system in the main laboratory.&amp;amp;nbsp; More than 525 pH and TA discrete samples were measured underway. Samples of pH and TA samples were collected hourly analyzed.&amp;amp;nbsp; The rest of the suite of samples was typically taken every 2 h.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp; Particulate organic carbon samples were collected twice daily. The results of the land-based analyses of total alkalinity/total carbon, nutrients (NH4, silica, PO4, and NO2+N), stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition,&amp;amp;nbsp; elemental analysis, DOC, and POC, as well as profile data, will be reported when analyses are completed.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;For aditional information see:&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://dmoserv3.whoi.edu/data_docs/OA_Canada_Basin/HEALY1202_FINAL_CRUISE_REPORT-3.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;HLY1202 Cruise Report, Appendix E&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://dmoserv3.whoi.edu/data_docs/OA_Canada_Basin/ds_methods.html&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 862 - Methods&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/521535.rdf" xlink:title="PLR-1220032" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Arctic Sciences (NSF ARC) Award Number: PLR-1220032 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1220032</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://ror.org/032db5x82" xlink:title="ROR ID" xlink:actuate="onRequest">University of South Florida</gmx:Anchor>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>NSF Climate Research Investment (CRI) activities that were initiated in 2010 are now included under Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES). SEES is a portfolio of activities that highlights NSF's unique role in helping society address the challenge(s) of achieving sustainability. Detailed information about the SEES program is available from NSF (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=504707).
In recognition of the need for basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future, the goal of the SEES: OA program is to understand (a) the chemistry and physical chemistry of ocean acidification; (b) how ocean acidification interacts with processes at the organismal level; and (c) how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.
Solicitations issued under this program:
NSF 10-530, FY 2010-FY2011
NSF 12-500, FY 2012
NSF 12-600, FY 2013
NSF 13-586, FY 2014
NSF 13-586 was the final solicitation that will be released for this program.
PI Meetings:
1st U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(March 22-24, 2011, Woods Hole, MA)
2nd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(Sept. 18-20, 2013, Washington, DC)
3rd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (June 9-11, 2015, Woods Hole, MA – Tentative)
NSF media releases for the Ocean Acidification Program:
Press Release 10-186 NSF Awards Grants to Study Effects of Ocean Acidification
Discovery Blue Mussels &quot;Hang On&quot; Along Rocky Shores: For How Long?
Discovery nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) Discoveries - Trouble in Paradise: Ocean Acidification This Way Comes - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 12-179 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Ocean Acidification: Finding New Answers Through National Science Foundation Research Grants - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 13-102 World Oceans Month Brings Mixed News for Oysters
Press Release 13-108 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Natural Underwater Springs Show How Coral Reefs Respond to Ocean Acidification - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 13-148 Ocean acidification: Making new discoveries through National Science Foundation research grants
Press Release 13-148 - Video nsf.gov - News - Video - NSF Ocean Sciences Division Director David Conover answers questions about ocean acidification. - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 14-010 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Palau's coral reefs surprisingly resistant to ocean acidification - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 14-116 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Ocean Acidification: NSF awards $11.4 million in new grants to study effects on marine ecosystems - US National Science Foundation (NSF)</gco:CharacterString>
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&lt;p&gt;The proposed research aims to identify mechanisms of ocean acidification and carbonate undersaturation in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean. The investigators will use a 3-year dataset to address the role of two specific mechanisms involving sea-ice processes: (1) surface water freshening and undersaturation resulting from recent enhanced melting of multi-year sea-ice, and (2) surface water undersaturation resulting from a &quot;carbon-pumping&quot; mechanism driven by brine rejection and carbonate mineral precipitation during increasingly cyclical seasonal sea ice growth and decay. The proposed work would expand understanding of the inorganic carbon cycle, air-sea CO2 exchange rates and acidification in the Arctic Ocean. Understanding baselines and how they are changing is important for setting realistic parameters for process studies on the effects of ocean acidification on flora and fauna.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Models project the Arctic Ocean will become undersaturated with respect to carbonate minerals in the next decade.  Recent field results indicate parts may already be undersaturated in late summer months when ice melt is at its greatest extent.  However, few comprehensive datasets of carbonate system parameters in the Arctic Ocean exist.  Researchers from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and University of South Florida (USF) collected high-resolution measurements of pCO2, pH, total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), and carbonate (CO3-2) from the Canada Basin that fill critical information gaps concerning Arctic carbon variability.  A Multiparameter Inorganic Carbon Analyzer (MICA) was used to collect approximately 1,800 measurements of pH and DIC along an 11,965-km trackline in August and September 2012. In addition, over 500 discrete surface water samples were taken. These data are being used to characterize and model regional pCO2, pH, and carbonate mineral saturation state. A high-resolution, three-dimensional map of these results will be presented.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Data collected on the August 2012 Arctic Cruise will be used to create regional maps of seawater carbonate parameters, including pCO2 flux/change maps, and derivative maps on saturation state. Maps depicting pCO2 and carbonate saturation states over large latitudinal and nearshore to offshore gradients are needed for the Arctic, where significant decline of carbonate ecosystems, habitats, and calcifying organisms are predicted over the next decade. The data will allow the USGS to map variations in ocean chemistry along designated tracks and will be used in models to predict future Arctic Ocean saturation states.&lt;/p&gt;
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	Name: Sample_ID
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/527890.rdf
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	Units: YYYYMMDD
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Date in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); NIST&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/527891.rdf
	Name: Time
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	Description: &lt;p&gt;Latitude (South is negative); WGS 84&lt;/p&gt; 
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&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;For aditional information see:&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://dmoserv3.whoi.edu/data_docs/OA_Canada_Basin/HEALY1202_FINAL_CRUISE_REPORT-3.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;HLY1202 Cruise Report, Appendix E&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://dmoserv3.whoi.edu/data_docs/OA_Canada_Basin/ds_methods.html&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 862 - Methods&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The QA/QC process looked for internal consistencies in the data by calculating the results using CO2SYS and back checking with the collected data.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;For aditional information see:&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://dmoserv3.whoi.edu/data_docs/OA_Canada_Basin/HEALY1202_FINAL_CRUISE_REPORT-3.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;HLY1202 Cruise Report, Appendix E&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://dmoserv3.whoi.edu/data_docs/OA_Canada_Basin/ds_methods.html&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 862 - Methods&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;BCO-DMO Processing Notes&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;- Generated from original file: &amp;quot;HLY1202_Discrete_Underway.csv&amp;quot; contributed by Lisa Robbins&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;- Parameter names edited to conform to BCO-DMO naming convention found at &amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/naming-guidelines.html&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Choosing Parameter Name&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;- Date reformatted from MM/DD/YYYY to YYYYMMDD&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
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