19:I[42426,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1xctgzqre-wsy.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_-wz6pdtp2b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/30e52g49hg40p.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/02yq6tul2z-oh.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/10bx_ec2vj7n_.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/33bfn03fo8xnt.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/0tfjf78scu61b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/31xnvej4n1bi9.js"],"default"] 1a:T11e7,Deep-sea hydrothermal vents, first discovered in 1977, are poster child ecosystems where microbial chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis is the primary source of organic carbon. Significant gaps remain in our understanding of the underlying microbiology and biogeochemistry of these fascinating ecosystems. Missing are the identification of specific microorganisms mediating critical reactions in various geothermal systems, metabolic pathways used by the microbes, rates of the catalyzed reactions, amounts of organic carbon being produced, and the larger role of these ecosystems in global biogeochemical cycles. To fill these gaps, the investigators will conduct a 3-year interdisciplinary, international hypothesis-driven research program to understand microbial processes and their quantitative importance at deep-sea vents. Specifically, the investigators will address the following objectives: 1. Determine key relationships between the taxonomic, genetic and functional diversity, as well as the mechanisms of energy and carbon transfer, in deep-sea hydrothermal vent microbial communities. 2. Identify the predominant metabolic pathways and thus the main energy sources driving chemoautotrophic production in high and low temperature diffuse flow vents. 3. Determine energy conservation efficiency and rates of aerobic and anaerobic chemosynthetic primary productivity in high and low temperature diffuse flow vents. 4. Determine gene expression patterns in diffuse-flow vent microbial communities during attachment to substrates and the development of biofilms. Integration: To address these objectives and to characterize the complexity of microbially-catalyzed processes at deep-sea vents at a qualitatively new level, we will pursue an integrated approach that couples an assessment of taxonomic diversity using cultivation-dependent and -independent approaches with methodologies that address genetic diversity, including a) metagenomics (genetic potential and diversity of community), b) single cell genomics (genetic potential and diversity of uncultured single cells), c) meta-transcriptomics and -proteomics (identification and function of active community members, realized potential of the community). To assess function and response to the environment, these approaches will be combined with 1) measurement of in situ rates of chemoautotrophic production, 2) geochemical characterization of microbial habitats, and 3) shipboard incubations under simulated in situ conditions (hypothesis testing under controlled physicochemical conditions). Network approaches and mathematical simulation will be used to reconstruct the metabolic network of the natural communities. A 3-day long project meeting towards the end of the second year will take place in Woods Hole. This Data Integration and Synthesis meeting will allow for progress reports and presentations from each PI, postdoc, and/or student, with the aim of synthesizing data generated to facilitate the preparation of manuscripts. Intellectual Merit. Combining the community expression profile with diversity and metagenomic analyses as well as process and habitat characterization will be unique to hydrothermal vent microbiology. The approach will provide new insights into the functioning of deep-sea vent microbial communities and the constraints regulating the interactions between the microbes and their abiotic and biotic environment, ultimately enabling us to put these systems into a quantitative framework and thus a larger global context. Broader Impacts. This is an interdisciplinary and collaborative effort between 4 US and 4 foreign institutions, creating unique opportunities for networking and fostering international collaborations. This will also benefit the involved students (2 graduate, several undergraduate) and 2 postdoctoral associates. This project will directly contribute to many educational and public outreach activities of the involved PIs, including the WHOI Dive & Discover program; single cell genomics workshops and Cafe Scientifique (Bigelow); REU (WHOI, Bigelow, CIW); COSEE and RIOS (Rutgers), and others. The proposed research fits with the focus of a number of multidisciplinary and international initiatives, in which PIs are active members (SCOR working group on Hydrothermal energy and the ocean carbon cycle, http://www.scorint. org/Working_Groups/wg135.htm; Deep Carbon Observatory at CIW, https://dco.gl.ciw.edu/; Global Biogeochemical Flux (GBF) component of the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI), http://www.whoi.edu/GBF-OOI/page.do?pid=41475)6:["$","$L19",null,{"dataset":{"_id":"529026","description":"

This dataset includes chemical composition (Cl, SO4, Na, K, Mg, and Ca concentrations) of diffuse flow vent fluids collected from the Crab Spa (9.8398º N, 104.2913º W) site at East Pacific Rise during the RV/Atlantic AT26-10 oceanographic expedition, Jan. 2014.

\n","problem":"","acquisition":"

These samples were collected with Isobaric-Gas-Tight samplers and processed onboard R/V Atlantis. The IGT samplers were deployed by Dr. Jeff Seewald from WHOI. Chemical analysis of the major cation/anion species was conducted at the Geophysical Lab, Carnegie Institution of Washington

\n","processing":"

BCO-DMO Processing:

added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
added lat, lon, date columns
renamed parameters to BCO-DMO standard
sorted by date
reformated date from m/d/yyyy to yyyy-mm-dd

\n","bcodmoProcessing":"","title":"Chemical composition of diffuse flow vent fluids collected from the Crab Spa site at East Pacific Rise during the AT26-10 oceanographic expedition, Jan. 2014 (Microbial Communities at Deep-Sea Vents project)","nickname":"vent chemical composition-Crab Spa","dataUrl":"","currentState":"Final no updates expected","currentStateId":"7","validated":true,"restricted":false,"version":"2014-10-01","version_date":"2014-10-01T04:00:00.000Z","abstract":"","citation":"Foustoukos, D. (2014) Chemical composition of diffuse flow vent fluids collected from the Crab Spa site at East Pacific Rise during the AT26-10 oceanographic expedition, Jan. 2014 (Microbial Communities at Deep-Sea Vents project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 2014-10-01) Version Date 2014-10-01 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.682102 [access date]","citationParts":{"identifier":"doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.682102","versionDate":"2014-10-01","versionId":"2014-10-01","year":"2014","title":"Chemical composition of diffuse flow vent fluids collected from the Crab Spa site at East Pacific Rise during the AT26-10 oceanographic expedition, Jan. 2014 (Microbial Communities at Deep-Sea Vents project)","authors":"Foustoukos, D.","publisher":"Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)."},"doi":"10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.682102","release_date":null,"field_dataset_location":"","temporal_extent":{"start":"2014-01-03T05:00:00.000Z","end":"2014-01-12T05:00:00.000Z"},"temporal":{"resolution":"time:unitDay","type":"time:Interval","start":{"value":"1388725200","label":"2014-01-03"},"end":{"value":"1389502800","label":"2014-01-12"}},"spatial_extent":{"shape":"point","center":{"latitude":9.83992,"longitude":-104.2915},"wkt":" POINT (-104.2915 9.83992)","north":0,"east":0,"south":0,"west":0},"dataset_type":["Cruise Results"],"keywords":["oceans"],"data_files":[{"id":"900283","title":"crab_spa_chem.csv","url":"https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/dataset/529026/file/5AAMvBzu7P8Pm/crab_spa_chem.csv","showTableUrl":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/529026/data/view/900283","description":"Primary data file for dataset ID 529026","filename":"crab_spa_chem.csv","bytesize":1201,"checksum":{"value":"21be896f3b4f62b61d20e5517c903efd","Algorithm":{"_id":"190","name":"MD5"}},"mimetype":"text/csv","fileType":{"_id":"192","name":"Comma Separated Values (.csv)"},"isErddap":"","date":"","isPublicDuringEmbargo":false,"primaryDataFile":true,"showTable":true,"restricted":false}],"supplemental_files":[],"roles":[{"role":{"_id":"138","name":"Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"51518","name":"Dionysis Foustoukos"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"285","name":"Carnegie Institution for Science"}},{"role":{"_id":"145","name":"BCO-DMO Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"50396","name":"Nancy Copley"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"191","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}}],"deployments":[{"_id":"529031","name":"AT26-10","synonyms":[],"dates":{"start":"2013-12-29T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2014-01-27T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"54003","name":"R/V Atlantis"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"51416","name":"Stefan M. Sievert","role":"Chief Scientist"}]}],"funding":[{"_id":"54989","name":"OCE-1136608","fundingSource":{"_id":"355","name":"NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1136608"}],"instruments":[{"_id":"529035","name":"Ion Chromatograph","description":"Metrohm/Dionex, for cation and anion species.","type_id":"662","type_name":"Ion Chromatograph","type_desc":"Ion chromatography is a form of liquid chromatography that measures concentrations of ionic species by separating them based on their interaction with a resin. Ionic species separate differently depending on species type and size. Ion chromatographs are able to measure concentrations of major anions, such as fluoride, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, and sulfate, as well as major cations such as lithium, sodium, ammonium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in the parts-per-billion (ppb) range. From: http://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/research_methods/biogeochemical/ic.html","type_acronym":"Ion Chromatograph"},{"_id":"529050","name":"IGT Sampler","description":"","type_id":"529049","type_name":"Isobaric Gas-Tight Sampler","type_desc":"Isobaric Gas Tight (IGT) samplers, designed and built by scientists and engineers at WHOI, are titanium instruments designed to be used with deep submergence vehicles to sample corrosive hydrothermal vent fluids at high temperature and high pressure. The IGT prevents the sampled fluid from degassing as pressure decreases during the vehicle’s ascent to the surface.","type_acronym":"IGT Sampler"}],"parameters":[{"_id":"529036","name":"date","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

sampling date. Format: YYYY-MM-DD

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1070","name":"date","description":"

date; generally reported in GMT as YYYYMMDD (year; month; day); also as MMDD (month; day); EqPac dates are local Hawaii time. ISO_Date format is YYYY-MM-DD (http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm)

"}},{"_id":"529037","name":"site","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

sample location

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1124","name":"site","description":"

Sampling site identification.

"}},{"_id":"529038","name":"lat","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

latitude; north is positive

","units":{"_id":"","name":"decimal degrees"},"type":{"_id":"730","name":"latitude","description":"

latitude, in decimal degrees, North is positive, negative denotes South; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"529039","name":"lon","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

longitude; east is positive

","units":{"_id":"","name":"decimal degrees"},"type":{"_id":"731","name":"longitude","description":"

longitude, in decimal degrees, East is positive, negative denotes West; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"529040","name":"sample","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

sample identification

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"960","name":"sample","description":"

unique sample identification or number; any combination of alpha numeric characters; precise definition is file dependent

"}},{"_id":"529041","name":"Cl","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

chloride ion concentration

","units":{"_id":"","name":"mmoles/kg"},"type":{"_id":"1073","name":"no_bcodmo_term","description":"

An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

"}},{"_id":"529042","name":"Cl_stdev","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

chloride ion concentration standard deviation

","units":{"_id":"","name":"mmoles/kg"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"529043","name":"SO4","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

sulfate concentration

","units":{"_id":"","name":"mmoles/kg"},"type":{"_id":"1904","name":"SO4","description":"

Concentration or quantity of sulfate (SO4)

"}},{"_id":"529044","name":"SO4_stdev","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

sulfate concentration standard deviation

","units":{"_id":"","name":"mmoles/kg"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"529045","name":"Na","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

sodium ion concentration

","units":{"_id":"","name":"mmoles/kg"},"type":{"_id":"527965","name":"Na","description":"

Sodium (Na). Concentrations may be reported in parts per million, nanomoles per liter, or other units. Refer to dataset metadata for units.

"}},{"_id":"529046","name":"K","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

potassium ion concentration

","units":{"_id":"","name":"mmoles/kg"},"type":{"_id":"527968","name":"K","description":"

K (potassium) concentration. May be reported in parts per million, nanomoles/Liter, or other units. Refer to dataset metadata for units.

"}},{"_id":"529047","name":"Mg","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

magnesium ion concentration

","units":{"_id":"","name":"mmoles/kg"},"type":{"_id":"527967","name":"Mg","description":"

Mg (magnesium) concentration. May be reported in parts per million, nanomoles/Liter, or other units. Refer to dataset metadata for units.

"}},{"_id":"529048","name":"Ca","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

calcium ion concentration

","units":{"_id":"","name":"mmoles/kg"},"type":{"_id":"527969","name":"Ca","description":"

Calcium (Ca). Concentrations may be reported in parts per million, nanomoles per liter, or other units. Refer to dataset metadata for units.

"}},{"_id":"529073","name":"depth","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

depth where sample was taken

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters"},"type":{"_id":"808","name":"depth","description":"

Observation/sample depth below the sea surface. Units often reported as: meters, feet.

\nWhen used in a JGOFS/GLOBEC dataset the depth is a best estimate; usually but not always calculated from pressure; calculated either from CTD pressure using Fofonoff and Millard (1982; UNESCO Tech Paper #44) algorithm adjusted for 1980 equation of state for seawater (EOS80) or simply equivalent to nominal depth as recorded during sampling if CTD pressure was unavailable.

"}}],"related_publications":[],"related_datasets":[],"services":[{"grouping":"","items":[{"name":"View Data","description":"An in-browser view of the primary tabular data file","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/529026/data/view","contentType":"text/html","actionType":"view"}]},{"grouping":"Metadata","items":[{"name":"HTML","description":"A simple HTML page of the dataset metadata","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/529026/description","contentType":"text/html","actionType":"view"},{"name":"PDF","description":"A PDF of the HTML dataset metadata","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/529026/Dataset_description.pdf","contentType":"application/pdf","actionType":"download"},{"name":"ISO 19115-2 (NOAA Profile)","description":"","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/529026/iso","contentType":"application/xml","actionType":"download"}]}],"programs":[{"_id":"2031","name":"Dimensions of Biodiversity","acronym":"Dimensions of Biodiversity"},{"_id":"554979","name":"Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations","acronym":"C-DEBI"}],"projects":[{"_id":"2216","name":"An Integrated Study of Energy Metabolism, Carbon Fixation, and Colonization Mechanisms in Chemosynthetic Microbial Communities at Deep-Sea Vents","acronym":"Microbial Communities at Deep-Sea Vents","description":"$1a"}],"archives":[{"id_value":"10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.682102","url":"https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.682102","date_assigned":"2017-02-13","version_date":"2014-10-01","archiver":"Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)","archiver_id":"272"}],"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","id":"CC-BY-4.0","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","spdxUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0"},"metrics":{"views":{"count":216},"downloads":{"count":372}}}}]