19:I[42426,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1xctgzqre-wsy.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_-wz6pdtp2b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/30e52g49hg40p.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/02yq6tul2z-oh.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/10bx_ec2vj7n_.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/33bfn03fo8xnt.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/0tfjf78scu61b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/31xnvej4n1bi9.js"],"default"] 1a:T59f,

The investigators used a novel experimental approach that combined bi-weekly sampling of a wild, spawning fish population (Atlantic silverside Menidia menidia) with standardized offspring CO2 exposure experiments and parallel pH monitoring of a coastal ecosystem. They assessed whether offspring produced at different times of the spawning season (April to July) would be similarly susceptible to elevated (1100 uatm, pH_NIST = 7.77) and high CO2 levels (2300 uatm, pH_NIST = 7.47). Early in the season (April), high CO2 levels significantly (p < 0.05) reduced fish survival by 54% (2012) and 33% (2013) and reduced 1 to 10 d post-hatch growth by 17% relative to ambient conditions. However, offspring from parents collected later in the season became increasingly CO2-tolerant until, by mid-May, offspring survival was equally high at all CO2 levels.

This dataset provides the source data to:
Murray, Christopher S; Malvezzi, Alex; Gobler, Christopher J; Baumann, Hannes. 2014. Offspring sensitivity to ocean acidification changes seasonally in a coastal marine fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 504, 1-11, doi:10.3354/meps10791

Note: This dataset has also been contributed to Pangaea and can be found at http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.838990

1b:Te83,Description from NSF award abstract: Ocean acidification has the potential to affect a broad spectrum of marine organisms and thereby transform the composition and function of our oceans. In contrast to calcifying marine invertebrates, marine fish are widely believed to be unaffected by the CO2 concentrations projected for the future. While this may be so for juvenile and adult fish stages, the fate of fish embryos and larvae in high CO2 oceans is less certain as CO2-sensitivity data for these stages are largely unavailable. Recognizing this knowledge gap and inspired by the findings of two recent studies on clownfish and sea bass larvae (Munday et al. PNAS 107 (2010); Checkley et al. Science 324 (2009)), the investigators performed a series of experiments exposing eggs and early larvae of inland silversides (Menidia beryllina) to elevated CO2 levels while strictly adhering to current "best practice" guidelines for ocean acidification research. At 1,000 ppm CO2, average M. beryllina survival ~1wk post-hatch significantly and consistently (five experiments) declined by ~75% compared to current day CO2 levels (390 ppm), while average length of newly hatched larvae decreased by 22%. Together with prior studies, these results suggest a surprisingly high susceptibility of fish early life stages to the CO2 increases that are projected to occur this century. Given that the abundance of many fish stocks, including most commercial species, is often regulated by processes affecting early life history growth and survival, ocean acidification may impact the dynamics of future fish populations and become yet another challenge to sustainable fisheries. The investigators believe that there is now a pressing need to better understand how CO2 affects the viability of fish embryos and larvae in the ocean. This requires novel approaches involving longer-term, larger-scale experiments across multiple species. The investigators will comprehensively examine the impacts of current and future CO2 levels (400 - 1,000 ppm) during the egg and larval stages of three model fish species: Atlantic silversides (M. menidia), inland silversides (M. beryllina) and sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus). They will also investigate populations of the same species (M. menidia) from differing latitudes. These species/populations are ecologically important due to their intermediate trophic position, have comparable life histories to commercial marine fish, offer differences in genetic growth capacity and presumed sensitivity, and are highly amenable to laboratory experimentation. Survival and growth (weight- and length-based) will be measured in experiments performed at different CO2, temperature (21, 27°C) and feeding conditions (low, ad libitum), thus permitting the affects of CO2 to be considered in parallel with thermal stress and food limitation. Quantification of feeding rates, gross growth efficiency, and oxygen consumption will characterize the physiological costs of high CO2 environments. Changes in calcification of larval fish otoliths and skeletal elements will be determined from weights and a Ca45 radiotracer approach. Finally, surviving M. menidia (or M. beryllina) will be reared to maturity and their offspring will be challenged with differing levels of CO2. Repeating this approach over several generations will demonstrate the extent to which CO2 resistance may evolve through natural selection. Collectively, this study will make significant advances toward understanding how ocean acidification may challenge the world's most valuable marine resource, fish. Note that PI Hannes Baumann has since moved to the University of Connecticut. See his current contact information.6:["$","$L19",null,{"dataset":{"_id":"551998","description":"$1a","problem":"","acquisition":"

Refer to the Methods section of:
\nMurray, Christopher S; Malvezzi, Alex; Gobler, Christopher J; Baumann, Hannes. 2014. Offspring sensitivity to ocean acidification changes seasonally in a coastal marine fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 504, 1-11, doi:10.3354/meps10791

\n","processing":"

BCO-DMO Processing:
\n- Modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions.
\n- Replaced spaces with underscores.
\n- Replaced \"Menidia menidia (fish)\" with \"Menidia menidia\" in the species column.

\n","bcodmoProcessing":"","title":"Experimental results: Temporal CO2-sensitivity in Menidia menidia; conducted at Southampton Marine Station from 2011-2015","nickname":"Temporal CO2-sensitivity in Menidia menidia","dataUrl":"","currentState":"Final no updates expected","currentStateId":"7","validated":true,"restricted":false,"version":"24 Feb 2015","version_date":"2015-02-24T05:00:00.000Z","abstract":"","citation":"Baumann, H., Gobler, C. (2015) Experimental results: Temporal CO2-sensitivity in Menidia menidia; conducted at Southampton Marine Station from 2011-2015. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 24 Feb 2015) Version Date 2015-02-24 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/551998 [access date]","citationParts":{"identifier":"http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/551998","versionDate":"2015-02-24","versionId":"24 Feb 2015","year":"2015","title":"Experimental results: Temporal CO2-sensitivity in Menidia menidia; conducted at Southampton Marine Station from 2011-2015","authors":"Baumann, H., Gobler, C.","publisher":"Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)."},"doi":"","release_date":null,"field_dataset_location":"","temporal_extent":{"start":null,"end":null},"temporal":{"resolution":"","type":"","start":{"value":"","label":""},"end":{"value":"","label":""}},"spatial_extent":{"shape":"","center":{"latitude":0,"longitude":0},"wkt":"","north":0,"east":0,"south":0,"west":0},"dataset_type":["Unknown"],"keywords":["biota","oceans"],"data_files":[{"id":"900463","title":"CO2_sensitivity_M_menidia.csv","url":"https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/dataset/551998/file/EKKygJjuWwEg2m/CO2_sensitivity_M_menidia.csv","showTableUrl":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/551998/data/view/900463","description":"Primary data file for dataset ID 551998","filename":"CO2_sensitivity_M_menidia.csv","bytesize":4182,"checksum":{"value":"43195ff0d0f322916ebbe3da3ffc0b58","Algorithm":{"_id":"190","name":"MD5"}},"mimetype":"text/csv","fileType":{"_id":"192","name":"Comma Separated Values (.csv)"},"isErddap":"","date":"","isPublicDuringEmbargo":false,"primaryDataFile":true,"showTable":true,"restricted":false}],"supplemental_files":[],"roles":[{"role":{"_id":"138","name":"Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"528586","name":"Hannes Baumann"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"85","name":"University of Connecticut"}},{"role":{"_id":"140","name":"Co-Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"51656","name":"Christopher Gobler"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"54","name":"Stony Brook University - SoMAS"}},{"role":{"_id":"133","name":"Contact"},"performedBy":{"_id":"528586","name":"Hannes Baumann"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"85","name":"University of Connecticut"}},{"role":{"_id":"145","name":"BCO-DMO Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"51498","name":"Shannon Rauch"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"191","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}}],"deployments":[{"_id":"551842","name":"lab_Baumann_Gobler_FP","synonyms":[],"dates":{"start":"2011-09-01T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2015-02-01T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"551841","name":"Flax Pond Marine Lab"},"chiefScientists":[]}],"funding":[{"_id":"528583","name":"OCE-1129622","fundingSource":{"_id":"355","name":"NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1129622"}],"instruments":[],"parameters":[{"_id":"552008","name":"species","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Name of the species.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"976","name":"species","description":"

a taxonomic binomial that consists of a genus name followed by the species name of an organism

"}},{"_id":"552009","name":"experiment","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Experiment number/description.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1759","name":"exp_id","description":"

Experiment Id

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Date of fertilization in mm/dd/yyyy format.

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date; generally reported in GMT as YYYYMMDD (year; month; day); also as MMDD (month; day); EqPac dates are local Hawaii time. ISO_Date format is YYYY-MM-DD (http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm)

"}},{"_id":"552011","name":"treatment","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Treatment type.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"489066","name":"treatment","description":"

Experimental conditions applied to experimental units. In comparative experiments, members of the complementary group, the control group, receive either no treatment or a standard treatment.

"}},{"_id":"552012","name":"replicates","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Number of replicates.

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An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

"}},{"_id":"552013","name":"survival_fert_to_1d","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Survival rate (%) from fertilization date to 1 day post hatch (dph).

","units":{"_id":"","name":"percent (%)"},"type":{"_id":"1073","name":"no_bcodmo_term","description":"

An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

"}},{"_id":"552014","name":"survival_stderr_fert_to_1d","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Standard error of survival rate (%) from fertilization date to 1 day post hatch (dph).

","units":{"_id":"","name":"+/- percent (%)"},"type":{"_id":"1975","name":"standard error","description":"

Generic standard error taking on the dimensions of the parameter it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"552015","name":"survival_1_to_10d","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Survival rate (%) from 1 to 10 days post hatch (dph).

","units":{"_id":"","name":"percent (%)"},"type":{"_id":"1073","name":"no_bcodmo_term","description":"

An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

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Standard error of survival rate (%) from 1 to 10 days post hatch (dph).

","units":{"_id":"","name":"+/- percent (%)"},"type":{"_id":"1975","name":"standard error","description":"

Generic standard error taking on the dimensions of the parameter it is tied to.

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Survival rate (%) from fertilization date to 10 dph.

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An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

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Standard error of survival rate (%) from fertilization date to 10 dph.

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Generic standard error taking on the dimensions of the parameter it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"552019","name":"length_1dph","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Standard length at 1 dph.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"millimeters (mm)"},"type":{"_id":"831","name":"fish_len","description":"

Length of fish measured in millimeters (or centimeters).

"}},{"_id":"552020","name":"length_stderr_1dph","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Standard error of standard length at 1 dph.

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Generic standard error taking on the dimensions of the parameter it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"552021","name":"length_10dph","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Standard length at 10 dph.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"millimeters (mm)"},"type":{"_id":"831","name":"fish_len","description":"

Length of fish measured in millimeters (or centimeters).

"}},{"_id":"552022","name":"length_stderr_10dph","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Standard error of standard length at 10 dph.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"+/- millimeters (mm)"},"type":{"_id":"1975","name":"standard error","description":"

Generic standard error taking on the dimensions of the parameter it is tied to.

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Growth rate from 1 to 10 dph.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"millimeters per day (mm/day)"},"type":{"_id":"512798","name":"growth","description":"

The act or process of increasing in physical size. Exact definition and use are dataset dependent. See dataset documentation for specific details.

"}},{"_id":"552024","name":"growth_rate_stderr","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Standard error of growth rate from 1 to 10 dph.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"+/- millimeters per day (mm/day)"},"type":{"_id":"1975","name":"standard error","description":"

Generic standard error taking on the dimensions of the parameter it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"552025","name":"temp","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Water temperature.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"degrees C"},"type":{"_id":"733","name":"temperature","description":"

water temperature at measurement depth

"}},{"_id":"552026","name":"sal","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Salinity.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"?"},"type":{"_id":"955","name":"sal","description":"

Salinity: The amount (mass or quantity of matter) of salt per amount (volume or mass) of a body of water.

"}},{"_id":"552027","name":"pH","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

pH.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"pH on the NBS scale"},"type":{"_id":"1892","name":"pH","description":"

pH: The measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution

"}},{"_id":"552028","name":"ph_stddev","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Standard deviation of pH.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"pH on the NBS scale"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"552029","name":"pCO2","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air). Calculated using CO2SYS (URI: http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/co2rprt.html).

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Partial pressure of carbon dioxide {pCO2} in the water body by computation from pH and alkalinity.

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Dissolved inorganic Carbon. Determined by Coulometric titration.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)"},"type":{"_id":"1187","name":"DIC","description":"

Dissolved Inorganic Carbon

"}},{"_id":"552031","name":"TALK","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Total alkalinity. Calculated using CO2SYS (URI: http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/co2rprt.html).

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Total alkalinity

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