http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/568429
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2015-09-23
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Eddy covariance proton and oxygen, DIC, TA flux data collected at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in 2014 (ECHOES project)
2015-09-23
publication
2015-09-23
revision
BCO-DMO Linked Data URI
2015-09-23
creation
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/568429
Matthew H. Long
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
Matthew A. Charette
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
William Martin
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
Daniel C. McCorkle
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Long, M. H., Charette, M. A., McCorkle, D. C., Martin, W. (2015) Eddy covariance proton and oxygen, DIC, TA flux data collected at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in 2014 (ECHOES project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 2015-09-23) Version Date 2015-09-23 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/568429 [access date]
Eddy covariance proton and oxygen, DIC, TA flux data Dataset Description: <p>This dataset includes benthic chamber fluxes in O2, H+, DIC and TA.</p>
<p><strong>Related Reference:</strong></p>
<p>Long MH, Charette MA, Martin WR, McCorkle DC. (2015) Oxygen metabolism and pH in coastal ecosystems: Eddy Covariance Hydrogen ion and Oxygen Exchange System (ECHOES). Limnology and Oceanography: Methods. DOI: 10.1002/lom3.10038</p>
<p><strong>Related Datasets:</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/563439" target="_blank">Datasonde in a light chamber</a><br />
<a href="http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/563656" target="_blank">Datasonde in water column</a></p> Methods and Sampling: <p>The ECHOES system consisted of an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV, Nortek, USA) that was coupled to a FirestingO2-Mini fiber-optic O2 meter with a fluorescence-based fast-response (&lt; 0.3 s) 430 µm tip diameter optode (Pyroscience, GE) and a fast-response (&lt; 0.6 s) H+ Ion-Selective Field Effect Transistor and controller (ISFET; Microsens, CH) (Figure 2). The ADV had the capability to log both external signals (O2 and H+) and also provided output power to the sensors.</p>
<p>The H+ ISFET sensors were adapted to EC by using a flow-through design across the sensing surface of the ISFET sensor (Figure 2). The ISFET sensors are light-sensitive and must therefore be used in a dark environment. To prevent light interference, and to sample in the same measuring volume as the other sensors, a 40 mm long section of 19 gauge (0.69 mm ID) stainless steel tube was attached to the ISFET sensor to create a micro-flow cell for measuring pH. One side of the tubing was machined flat over a 5 mm length and epoxied over the sensing surface of the ISFET (Figure 2). A Mag-Drive gear pump (Micropump, USA) was used to pull fluid from the measuring volume to the sensor at a flow rate of 0.1 L min-1.&nbsp; The pump was located in a separate underwater housing with a dedicated constant-voltage battery source. The O2 optode and the H+ ISFET sensor were co-located just outside the ~ 2 cm3 measuring volume of the ADV, located 0.15 m below the ADV sensor head. The height of the ADV measuring volume above the sediment surface was 0.30 m.</p>
<p>The H+ ISFET sensor works in conjunction with a reference electrode. The reference electrodes were constructed from 8mm outside diameter alkali-resistant glass (Schott, GE) with a micro-porous glass frit tip (Princeton Applied Research, USA), filled with a saturated solution of potassium chloride, and fitted with a silver chloride coated silver wire. The reference and ISFET sensors were pre-conditioned in seawater overnight to reduce equilibration time in the field. An ISFET controller (Microsens, CH) operated the ISFET at a constant drain-source voltage and current relative to the source voltage provided by the reference electrode (see Martz et al. 2010) and had an analog output of approximately 55mV per pH unit. To better resolve the signal it was amplified 50 times using a custom signal amplifier with an adjustable voltage offset (Alligator Technologies, USA).</p>
<p>The O2 optodes were calibrated pre- and post-deployment using water-saturated air and saturated ascorbic acid solution (anoxic). A reference, or baseline, fluorescence signal was automatically subtracted from each O2 measurement by the Firesting O2 meter to remove any signal contributions due to ambient light variations. The fiber optic cable was securely fastened to the frame with tape throughout its length to prevent signal bias due to cable movement.</p>
<p>The ADV provided power for and logged the signal from both the H+ ISFET and the O2 optode at a frequency of 64 Hz. All instrumentation was mounted to a custom carbon-fiber frame with small-diameter legs (1 cm) to limit hydrodynamic interference. The lightweight construction allowed for ease of handling but each frame leg needed to be weighted and secured using anchors.&nbsp;</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1361514 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1361514
completed
Matthew H. Long
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
508-289-2798
Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry MS #25, 266 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
mlong@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
Matthew A. Charette
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
508-289-3205
Marine Chemistry & Geochemistry Clark 439, MS#25
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
mcharette@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
William Martin
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
508-289-2836
Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry 266 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
wmartin@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
Daniel C. McCorkle
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
508-289-2949
Geology & Geophysics 266 Woods Hole Rd MS #08
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
dmccorkle@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 2015-09-23
Unknown
hour
O2_flux_chamber
pH_flux_chamber
Eddy_covar_pH_flux
Eddy_covar_O2_flux
DIC
DIC_stdev
TALK
TALK_stdev
ADV
Oxygen Optode
ISFET
multi-sensor data sonde
theme
None, User defined
hour_local
O2_flux_sediment
No BCO-DMO term
dissolved inorganic Carbon
standard deviation
total alkalinity (TA)
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter
Optode
pH Sensor
Water Quality Multiprobe
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
Waquoit_Long
service
Deployment Activity
2014-06-27
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Development of a Novel High-Resolution O2/H+ Eddy Correlation Technique to Study Carbon Cycling in the Coastal Ocean
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/560153
Development of a Novel High-Resolution O2/H+ Eddy Correlation Technique to Study Carbon Cycling in the Coastal Ocean
<p>An aquatic eddy covariance (EC) system was developed to measure the exchange of oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) and hydrogen ions (H<sup>+</sup>) across the sediment-water interface. The system employs O<sub>2</sub> optodes and a newly developed micro-flow cell H<sup>+</sup> ion selective field effect transistor; these sensors displayed sufficient precision and rapid enough response times to measure concentration changes associated with turbulent exchange. Discrete samples of total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were used to determine the background carbonate chemistry of the water column and relate the O<sub>2</sub> and H<sup>+</sup> fluxes to benthic processes. The ECHOES system was deployed in a eutrophic estuary (Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts, USA), and revealed that the benthos was a sink for acidity during the day and a source of acidity during the night, with H<sup>+</sup> and O<sub>2</sub> fluxes of ± 0.0001 and ± 10 mmol m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. H<sup>+</sup> and O<sub>2</sub> fluxes were also determined using benthic flux chambers, for comparison with the EC rates. Chamber fluxes determined in 0.25 h intervals co-varied with EC fluxes but were ~4 times lower in magnitude. This difference was likely due to suppressed porewater advection in the chambers and changes in the chemistry of the enclosed chamber overlying water. The individual H<sup>+</sup> and O<sub>2</sub> fluxes were highly correlated in each data set (EC and chambers), and both methods yielded H<sup>+</sup> fluxes that could not be explained by O<sub>2</sub> metabolism alone. The ECHOES system provides a new tool for determining the influence of benthic biogeochemical cycling on coastal ocean acidification and carbon cycling.</p>
ECHOES
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
2014-06-27
2015-09-23
Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts, USA
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Eddy covariance proton and oxygen, DIC, TA flux data collected at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in 2014 (ECHOES project)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/568451.rdf
Name: hour
Units: decimal time
Description: <p>Hour of day: mid-time for each flux analysis period. 14.00 = 2:00 pm</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/568452.rdf
Name: O2_flux_chamber
Units: mmol oxygen m-2 h-1
Description: <p>Chamber oxygen Flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/568453.rdf
Name: pH_flux_chamber
Units: mmol H+ m-2 h-1
Description: <p>Chamber pH Flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/568454.rdf
Name: Eddy_covar_pH_flux
Units: mmol H+ m-2 h-1
Description: <p>Eddy covariance pH flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/568455.rdf
Name: Eddy_covar_O2_flux
Units: mmol oxygen m-2 h-1
Description: <p>Eddy covariance Oxygen flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/568456.rdf
Name: DIC
Units: umol L-1
Description: <p>Dissolved inorganic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/568457.rdf
Name: DIC_stdev
Units: umol L-1
Description: <p>standard deviation</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/568458.rdf
Name: TALK
Units: umol L-1
Description: <p>Total alkalinity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/568459.rdf
Name: TALK_stdev
Units: umol L-1
Description: <p>standard deviation</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2854
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/YVVZJ4WF314WM/flux_data.csv
flux_data.csv
Primary data file for dataset ID 568429
download
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/568429/data/download
download
onLine
dataset
<p>The ECHOES system consisted of an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV, Nortek, USA) that was coupled to a FirestingO2-Mini fiber-optic O2 meter with a fluorescence-based fast-response (&lt; 0.3 s) 430 µm tip diameter optode (Pyroscience, GE) and a fast-response (&lt; 0.6 s) H+ Ion-Selective Field Effect Transistor and controller (ISFET; Microsens, CH) (Figure 2). The ADV had the capability to log both external signals (O2 and H+) and also provided output power to the sensors.</p>
<p>The H+ ISFET sensors were adapted to EC by using a flow-through design across the sensing surface of the ISFET sensor (Figure 2). The ISFET sensors are light-sensitive and must therefore be used in a dark environment. To prevent light interference, and to sample in the same measuring volume as the other sensors, a 40 mm long section of 19 gauge (0.69 mm ID) stainless steel tube was attached to the ISFET sensor to create a micro-flow cell for measuring pH. One side of the tubing was machined flat over a 5 mm length and epoxied over the sensing surface of the ISFET (Figure 2). A Mag-Drive gear pump (Micropump, USA) was used to pull fluid from the measuring volume to the sensor at a flow rate of 0.1 L min-1.&nbsp; The pump was located in a separate underwater housing with a dedicated constant-voltage battery source. The O2 optode and the H+ ISFET sensor were co-located just outside the ~ 2 cm3 measuring volume of the ADV, located 0.15 m below the ADV sensor head. The height of the ADV measuring volume above the sediment surface was 0.30 m.</p>
<p>The H+ ISFET sensor works in conjunction with a reference electrode. The reference electrodes were constructed from 8mm outside diameter alkali-resistant glass (Schott, GE) with a micro-porous glass frit tip (Princeton Applied Research, USA), filled with a saturated solution of potassium chloride, and fitted with a silver chloride coated silver wire. The reference and ISFET sensors were pre-conditioned in seawater overnight to reduce equilibration time in the field. An ISFET controller (Microsens, CH) operated the ISFET at a constant drain-source voltage and current relative to the source voltage provided by the reference electrode (see Martz et al. 2010) and had an analog output of approximately 55mV per pH unit. To better resolve the signal it was amplified 50 times using a custom signal amplifier with an adjustable voltage offset (Alligator Technologies, USA).</p>
<p>The O2 optodes were calibrated pre- and post-deployment using water-saturated air and saturated ascorbic acid solution (anoxic). A reference, or baseline, fluorescence signal was automatically subtracted from each O2 measurement by the Firesting O2 meter to remove any signal contributions due to ambient light variations. The fiber optic cable was securely fastened to the frame with tape throughout its length to prevent signal bias due to cable movement.</p>
<p>The ADV provided power for and logged the signal from both the H+ ISFET and the O2 optode at a frequency of 64 Hz. All instrumentation was mounted to a custom carbon-fiber frame with small-diameter legs (1 cm) to limit hydrodynamic interference. The lightweight construction allowed for ease of handling but each frame leg needed to be weighted and secured using anchors.&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>MATLAB code was developed to calculate the EC fluxes. Several data treatment procedures were tested; most of them were adapted from commonly used calculation procedures for terrestrial eddy covariance measurements (e.g. Baldocchi et al. 2003).&nbsp; The flux was determined over periods of 0.25 h. Data were averaged to 8Hz for flux calculations due to the ~ 10 Hz sample output refresh rate of the O<sub>2</sub> optode meter. The fluctuating components of the vertical velocity, O<sub>2</sub> and H<sup>+</sup> (Eq. 1), were determined by Reynolds decomposition with the means determined by a running average window of 5 minutes, which was identified to be the optimal time period for maintaining a constant flux signal while removing non-turbulent fluctuations (McGinnis et al. 2008).</p>
<p>Inherent in the high-frequency ADV velocity data were anomalous spikes that contaminated the EC signal. These velocity data spikes were replaced with interpolated data using existing MATLAB de-spiking procedures described by Goring and Nikora (2002) that resulted in the interpolation of &lt;1 % of the vertical velocities used to calculate the flux. The ECHOES H<sup>+</sup> and O<sub>2</sub> signals were compared to the water column data sonde measurements to verify that the sensors had not malfunctioned by confirming that the real-time correlation between sensors and data sonde matched that of the overall correlation (i.e. the calibration curves). All signals were then examined manually to remove any further data spikes that were due to malfunction, fouling, or debris contacting the sensors. A GoPro camera (HERO2, GoPro, USA) on the ECHOES frame helped identify fouling of the sensors. Due to the difficulty of accurately leveling the instrument in the field, and the resulting potential to bias the vertical velocity measurements, a planar rotation was used based on the methods described by Lorke et al. (2013) that uses an average rotation angle for the different current directions.</p>
<p>The benthic chamber fluxes were calculated from the change in O<sub>2</sub>, H<sup>+</sup>, DIC and TA concentrations in the chambers through time, using the known volume and sediment surface area of the chamber. Corrections for the removal of water for DIC and TA samples were included to account for the influx of ambient water, utilizing the measured water column conditions.</p>
<p><strong>BCO-DMO Processing:</strong></p>
<p>- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date, reference information<br />
- renamed parameters to BCO-DMO standard<br />
- reformatted date<br />
- combined multiple tables and sorted all by time</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
ADV
ADV
PI Supplied Instrument Name: ADV PI Supplied Instrument Description:Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter Instrument Name: Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter Instrument Short Name:ADV Instrument Description: ADV is the acronym for acoustic doppler velocimeter. The ADV is a remote-sensing, three-dimensional velocity sensor. Its operation is based on the Doppler shift effect. The sensor can be deployed either as a moored instrument or attached to a still structure near the seabed.
Reference:
G. Voulgaris and J. H. Trowbridge, 1998. Evaluation of the Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) for Turbulence Measurements. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 15, 272–289. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1998)0152.0.CO;2 Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/384/
Oxygen Optode
Oxygen Optode
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Oxygen Optode PI Supplied Instrument Description:FirestingO2-Mini fiber-optic O2 meter with a fluorescence-based fast-response (< 0.3 s) 430 um tip diameter optode (Pyroscience, GE) Instrument Name: Optode Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: An optode or optrode is an optical sensor device that optically measures a specific substance usually with the aid of a chemical transducer.
ISFET
ISFET
PI Supplied Instrument Name: ISFET PI Supplied Instrument Description:Fast-response (< 0.6 s) H1 Ion-Selective Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) and controller (Microsens, CH) Instrument Name: pH Sensor Instrument Short Name:pH Sensor Instrument Description: An instrument that measures the hydrogen ion activity in solutions.
The overall concentration of hydrogen ions is inversely related to its pH. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 and indicates whether acidic (more H+) or basic (less H+).
multi-sensor data sonde
multi-sensor data sonde
PI Supplied Instrument Name: multi-sensor data sonde PI Supplied Instrument Description:Multi-sensor data sonde (MS5; Hydrolab) Instrument Name: Water Quality Multiprobe Instrument Short Name:Water Quality Multiprobe Instrument Description: An instrument which measures multiple water quality parameters based on the sensor configuration.
Deployment: Waquoit_Long
Waquoit_Long
WHOI
laboratory
Waquoit_Long
Matthew H. Long
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
WHOI
laboratory