| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gilly, William | Stanford University | Principal Investigator |
| Rauch, Shannon | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
Summary of Dosidicus gigas size, sex, and maturity from BIPXII cruise in October 2013 in the Central Gulf of California, Mexico, Santa Rosalia (27.3N, 112.1W) to Bahia Las Animas (28.9N, 113.3W) to Guaymas (27.8N, 111.3W).
Squid were captured during rod-and-reel jigging sessions using weighted, luminescent jigs (8–50 cm length) fished at depths from 200 m to the surface. Measurements were made on the research vessel within 1-2 hours of capture. Length was measured with a flexible tape, generally to the nearest 0.5 cm. Mass was weighed with a digital hanging scale to the nearest 0.1 kg. Sex and maturity were visually determined following criteria for Stages 1-5 (Lipinski & Underhill, 1995): Stage I–II = immature, Stage III = maturing, Stage IV–V = mature. (See also Hoving et al. 2013.) CTD data from these sampling sites are also available and have been deposited with BCO-DMO.
References:
Lipinski MR, Underhill LG. 1995. Sexual maturation in squid: quantum or continuum. South African Journal of Marine Science, 15, 207–223. doi:10.2989/02577619509504844
Hoving H.-J, Gilly WF, Markaida U, Benoit-Bird KJ, West-Brown Z, Daniel P, Field JC, Parassenti L, Liu B, Campos B. 2013. Extreme plasticity in life-history strategy allows a migratory predator (Dosidicus gigas) to cope with a changing climate. Global Change Biology 19:2089 –2103. doi:10.1111/gcb.12198
Summary data have been reduced from the raw data recorded for every squid sampled. Raw data can be provided in spreadsheet format by the PI on request.
BCO-DMO data processing:
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions;
- changed positive degrees west longitude to negative degrees east;
- added min/max columns based on the existing range columns;
- re-formatted range columns;
- replaced "-" with "nd" to indicate "no data".
2026-09-11: This dataset has been published "as is". Final review by the data submitter was not received after the data were imported into the BCO-DMO data system.
| File |
|---|
squid_summary.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 2.39 KB) MD5:adcc13e564e98756e1b17646b751ee6a Primary data file for dataset ID 614736 |
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| date | Date of sampling (GMT). | mm/dd/yyyy |
| day_or_night | Indicates if sampling was done during local day or night. | text |
| lat | Latitude of sampling. Positive = North. | decimal degrees |
| lon | Longitude of sampling. Positive = East. | decimal degrees |
| jig_station | Jigging station; cross-referenced to CTD cast locations. | text |
| N | Number of squid sampled. | integer |
| DML_mean | Mean dorsal mantle length (DML). | centimeters (cm) |
| DML_sd | Standard deviation of mean dorsal mantle length (DML). | centimeters (cm) |
| DML_range | Range of dorsal mantle length (DML). | centimeters (cm) |
| DML_min | Minimum dorsal mantle length (DML). | centimeters (cm) |
| DML_max | Maximum dorsal mantle length (DML). | centimeters (cm) |
| mass_mean | Mean mass. | kilograms (kg) |
| mass_sd | Standard deviation of mean mass. | kilograms (kg) |
| mass_range | Range of mass. | kilograms (kg) |
| mass_min | Minimum mass. | kilograms (kg) |
| mass_max | Maximum mass. | kilograms (kg) |
| maturity_mean | Mean sexual maturity state (1-5). | Sexual maturity state 1-5 |
| maturity_sd | Standard deviation of mean sexual maturity state. | Sexual maturity state 1-5 |
| maturity_range | Range of sexual maturity state. | Sexual maturity state 1-5 |
| maturity_min | Minimum sexual maturity state. | Sexual maturity state 1-5 |
| maturity_max | Maximum sexual maturity state. | Sexual maturity state 1-5 |
| female_pcnt | Percent female. | percentage (%) |
| female_mature | [description not provided] | fraction |
| male_pcnt | Percent male. | percentage (%) |
| male_mature | [description not provided] | fraction |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | rod-and-reel jigging |
| Generic Instrument Name | Manual Biota Sampler |
| Dataset-specific Description | Squid were captured during rod-and-reel jigging sessions using weighted, luminescent jigs (8–50 cm length) fished at depths from 200 m to the surface. |
| Generic Instrument Description | "Manual Biota Sampler" indicates that a sample was collected in situ by a person, possibly using a hand-held collection device such as a jar, a net, or their hands. This term could also refer to a simple tool like a hammer, saw, or other hand-held tool. |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | flexible tape |
| Generic Instrument Name | Measuring Tape |
| Dataset-specific Description | Length was measured with a flexible tape, generally to the nearest 0.5 cm. |
| Generic Instrument Description | A tape measure or measuring tape is a flexible ruler. It consists of a ribbon of cloth, plastic, fibre glass, or metal strip with linear-measurement markings. It is a common tool for measuring distance or length. |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | digital hanging scale |
| Generic Instrument Name | scale or balance |
| Dataset-specific Description | Mass was weighed with a digital hanging scale to the nearest 0.1 kg. |
| Generic Instrument Description | Devices that determine the mass or weight of a sample. |
| Website | |
| Platform | R/V BIP XII |
| Start Date | 2013-10-20 |
| End Date | 2013-10-25 |
| Description | Central Gulf of California, Mexico: Santa Rosalia (27.3N 112.1W) to Bahia Las Animas (28.9N 113.3W to Guaymas (27.8N 111.3W) |
Description from NSF award abstract:
This project will examine the response of Dosidicus gigas (Humboldt squid) to an El Niño event in 2009-2010 that was accompanied by a collapse of the commercial fishery for this squid in the Guaymas Basin within the Gulf of California. This large squid is a major predator of great ecological and economic importance in the Gulf of California, the California Current, and Peru Current systems. In early 2010, these squid abandoned their normal coastal-shelf habitats in the Guaymas Basin and instead were found in the Salsipuedes Basin to the north, an area buffered from the effects of El Niño by the upwelling of colder water. The commercial fishery also relocated to this region and large squid were not found in the Guaymas Basin from 2010-2012, instead animals that matured at an unusually small size and young age were abundant. A return to the large size-at-maturity condition has still not occurred, despite the apparent return of normal oceanographic conditions.
The El Niño of 2009-2010 presented an unforeseen opportunity to reveal an important feature of adaptability of Dosidicus gigas to an acute climatic anomaly, namely a large decrease in size and age at maturity. Now these investigators will have the opportunity to document recovery to the normal large size-at-maturity condition. The specific aims of this project are:
1) continue a program of acoustic surveys and direct sampling of squid that has already been established in the Gulf of California in order to assess distribution, biomass, life history strategy diet, and migratory and foraging behaviors relative to pre-El Niño conditions and
2) conduct analogous surveys in Monterey Bay, California in conjunction with long-term remote operated vehicle surveys of squid abundance.
The data from these studies will provide a comparison of recovery in the two different squid populations and yield valuable insights into what ecological effects an area is expected to experience with an invasion of either small or large Humboldt squid. As long-term climate change progresses, squid of both forms may expand northward into the California Current System.
Related Project: Hypoxia and the ecology, behavior and physiology of jumbo squid, Dosidicus gigas
| Funding Source | Award |
|---|---|
| NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) |