Dissolved gas O2/Ar and triple oxygen isotope discrete samples collected from 16 basin-wide transects of the North Pacific, Hong Kong - Long Beach, CA from the M/V OOCL Tianjin and M/V OOCL Tokyo, 2008-2012 (NPac Cont Ship project)

Website: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/626855
Version: 2016-02-03

Project
» North Pacific Surface Carbon, Oxygen and Isotope Measurements from Container Ships (2008-) (NPac Cont Ship)
ContributorsAffiliationRole
Quay, PaulUniversity of Washington (UW)Principal Investigator
Palevsky, Hilary I.University of Washington (UW)Contact
Copley, NancyWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)BCO-DMO Data Manager


Coverage

Spatial Extent: N:49.67 E:-120 S:22.133 W:120
Temporal Extent: 2008-10-06 - 2012-12-11

Dataset Description

This dataset includes triple oxygen isotopes (δ17O and δ18O), a tracer of gross primary production; oxygen/argon dissolved gas ratios, a tracer of net community production or carbon export; temperature and salinity. Samples were collected during transects across the Pacific Ocean from Hong Kong to Long Beach, CA on commercial container ships starting in 2008.

Related Dataset: Carbonate chemistry and isotopes


Methods & Sampling

Samples for TOI and O2/Ar analysis were collected from shipboard seawater intake (10 m depth) on basin-wide transects of the North Pacific between Hong Kong and Long Beach, California onboard the M/V OOCL Tianjin and the M/V OOCL Tokyo (each individual transect has a unique Cruise ID) starting in 2008 Samples were collected into pre-evacuated 500-ml flasks every ~2.5° longitude across the basin following the procedures of Emerson et al. [1999]. Sea surface temperature and salinity at the time of sample collection were determined using a Sea-Bird Electronics SBE45 thermosalinograph installed in the ship’s seawater intake. To prevent biofouling that could cause respiration in the ship’s seawater lines and contaminate O2/Ar measurements [Juranek et al., 2010], intake lines between the anticorrosive sea chest and the sampling port were purged with bleach and freshwater between every cruise.

In the laboratory, dissolved gas samples were equilibrated at room temperature for 24 hours and then drained under vacuum to remove seawater. Oxygen and argon were cryogenically extracted and separated from the remainder of the dissolved gas mixture following the procedures of Juranek and Quay [2005]. Samples were subsequently analyzed on a Finnegan MAT 253 isotope ratio mass spectrometer using 75 paired measurements of masses 32, 33, and 34 alternating with measurements of an internal standard to determine δ17O and δ18O, followed by measurements of masses 32 and 40 on a single collector to determine O2/Ar. Reported values for δ17O and δ18O are corrected for the experimentally-determined dependence on both the sample size, as described by Stanley et al., [2010], and the sample O2/Ar ratio. Measurement uncertainty for each sample batch was determined based on daily air standards, and is reported along with all sample values.

Measurement errors for δ17O and δ18O are correlated (r2 = 0.90, n = 489), resulting from mass-dependent fractionation in the sample extraction and measurement process initially reported by Hendricks et al. [2004]. To enable the correlation in these errors to be accounted for in propagating error in calculations made direction from δ17O and δ18O (i.e. gross oxygen production), we report the slope of the linear relationship between δ17O and δ18O error for each sample batch as well as the slope uncertainty.


Data Processing Description

Data is only reported for samples that meet quality control standards (any with problems in the laboratory extraction and measurement process have been replaced with NaN in the data spreadsheet). NB. NaN's were changed to nd's in the served dataset.

BCO-DMO Processing:

- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date, reference information
- renamed parameters to BCO-DMO standard
- split date/time into two columns
- reformatted date from m/d/yyyy to yyyy-mm-dd
- changed NaN to nd
- changed number of significant digits to 2 (lat, lon, lon360) or 3 (sal, temp)

 


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Data Files

File
O_Ar.csv
(Comma Separated Values (.csv), 111.41 KB)
MD5:813f69468d91fc239f13e75f93288d22
Primary data file for dataset ID 626855

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Related Publications

Emerson, S., Stump, C., Wilbur, D., & Quay, P. (1999). Accurate measurement of O2, N2, and Ar gases in water and the solubility of N2. Marine Chemistry, 64(4), 337–347. doi:10.1016/s0304-4203(98)00090-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00090-5
Methods
Hendricks, M. B., Bender, M. L., & Barnett, B. A. (2004). Net and gross O2 production in the southern ocean from measurements of biological O2 saturation and its triple isotope composition. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 51(11), 1541–1561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.06.006
Related Research
Juranek, L. W., & Quay, P. D. (2005). In vitro and in situ gross primary and net community production in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre using labeled and natural abundance isotopes of dissolved O2. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 19(3). doi:10.1029/2004gb002384 https://doi.org/doi:10.1029/2004GB002384
Related Research
Juranek, L. W., Hamme, R. C., Kaiser, J., Wanninkhof, R., & Quay, P. D. (2010). Evidence of O2 consumption in underway seawater lines: Implications for air-sea O2 and CO2 fluxes. Geophysical Research Letters, 37(1), n/a–n/a. doi:10.1029/2009gl040423 https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL040423
Methods
Palevsky, H. I., Quay, P. D., & Nicholson, D. P. (2016). Discrepant estimates of primary and export production from satellite algorithms, a biogeochemical model, and geochemical tracer measurements in the North Pacific Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(16), 8645–8653. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl070226 https://doi.org/doi:10.1002/2016GL070226
Results
Palevsky, H. I., Quay, P. D., Lockwood, D. E., & Nicholson, D. P. (2016). The annual cycle of gross primary production, net community production, and export efficiency across the North Pacific Ocean. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 30(2), 361–380. doi:10.1002/2015gb005318 https://doi.org/doi:10.1002/2015GB005318
Results
Quay, P., Stutsman, J., and Steinhoff, T. (2012). Primary production and carbon export rates across the subpolar N. Atlantic Ocean basin based on triple oxygen isotope and dissolved O2 and Ar gas measurements. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 26, GB2003, doi:10.1029/2010GB004003
Related Research
Stanley, R. H. R., Kirkpatrick, J. B., Cassar, N., Barnett, B. A., & Bender, M. L. (2010). Net community production and gross primary production rates in the western equatorial Pacific. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 24(4), n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009gb003651 https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GB003651
Related Research

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Related Datasets

IsReferencedBy
Palevsky, H. I., Quay, P. (2021) Temperature, salinity, fluorescence, and dissolved O2/Ar ratios measured continuously underway onboard basin-wide transects of the North Pacific from Hong Kong to Long Beach, CA. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2020-11-20 doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.831046.1 [view at BCO-DMO]
Relationship Description: This dataset (O2/Ar and triple oxygen isotopes) has been used to calibrate TrueO2Ar measurements for dataset 831046 (Continuous underway data)

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Parameters

ParameterDescriptionUnits
cruise_idcruise identification unitless
vesselvessel name unitless
stationstation number unitless
datedate; UTC yyyy-mm-dd
timetime; UTC HH:MM
salsea surface salinity PSU
tempsea surface temperature degrees Celsius
latlatitude; north is positive decimal degrees
lonlongitude; east is positive decimal degrees
lon_360longitude based on 360 degrees decimal degrees
O2_Aroxygen/argon dissolved gas ratio in seawater sample unitless
del18Oratio of 18Oxygen to 16Oxygen: del18O = 1000*[(18O/16O)sample - (18O/16O)air standard]/ (18O/16O)air standard per mil
del17Oratio of 17Oxygen to 16Oxygen: del17O = 1000*[(17O/16O)sample - (17O/16O)air standard]/ (17O/16O)air standard per mil
D17OExcess of dissolved 17O (as compared to air). D17O = 10^6[log(1+del17O/10^3) - 0.518 * log(1+del18O/10^3)] per meg
O2_Ar_uncertsample batch specific measurement uncertainty (1 standard deviation) in O2/Ar unitless
del18O_uncertsample batch specific measurement uncertainty (1 standard deviation) in del8O per mil
del17O_uncertsample batch specific measurement uncertainty (1 standard deviation) in del17O per mil
D17O_uncertsample batch specific measurement uncertainty (1 standard deviation) in D17O per meg
TOI_uncert_slopesample batch specific slope of the linear relationship between deviations from mean values in del17O and del18O; determined from air standards unitless
TOI_uncert_slope_errstandard error (1 standard deviation) of the slope of the del17O vs. del18O error linear relationship unitless


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Instruments

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Generic Instrument Name
Mass Spectrometer
Dataset-specific Description
Finnegan MAT 253 isotope ratio mass spectrometer
Generic Instrument Description
General term for instruments used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions; generally used to find the composition of a sample by generating a mass spectrum representing the masses of sample components.

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Generic Instrument Name
Sea-Bird SBE 45 MicroTSG Thermosalinograph
Generic Instrument Description
A small externally powered, high-accuracy instrument, designed for shipboard determination of sea surface (pumped-water) conductivity and temperature. It is constructed of plastic and titanium to ensure long life with minimum maintenance. It may optionally be interfaced to an external SBE 38 hull temperature sensor. Sea Bird SBE 45 MicroTSG (Thermosalinograph)


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Deployments

TJ1

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2008-10-06
End Date
2008-10-17
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

TJ2

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2008-11-13
End Date
2008-11-21
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

TJ3

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2008-11-27
End Date
2008-12-11
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

TJ4

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2009-01-20
End Date
2009-01-30
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

TJ5

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2009-04-01
End Date
2009-04-10
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

TJ6

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2009-09-24
End Date
2009-09-27
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

TJ7

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2009-10-28
End Date
2009-11-07
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

TJ9

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2010-02-13
End Date
2012-02-21
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

Tianjin_1

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2012-04-30
End Date
2012-05-13
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

Tianjin_2

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2012-07-24
End Date
2012-08-06
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

Tianjin_3

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2012-11-28
End Date
2012-12-11
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

Tokyo_0

Website
Platform
OOCL Tokyo
Start Date
2011-02-23
End Date
2011-03-07
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

Tokyo_1

Website
Platform
OOCL Tokyo
Start Date
2011-05-16
End Date
2011-05-29
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

Tokyo_2

Website
Platform
OOCL Tokyo
Start Date
2011-06-27
End Date
2011-07-10
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

Tokyo_3

Website
Platform
OOCL Tokyo
Start Date
2011-09-20
End Date
2011-10-02
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

Tokyo_4

Website
Platform
OOCL Tokyo
Start Date
2012-01-25
End Date
2012-02-06
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.

TJ8

Website
Platform
OOCL Tianjin
Start Date
2009-12-03
End Date
2009-12-12
Description
Container ship collected surface salinity, temperature and water samples for carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements.


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Project Information

North Pacific Surface Carbon, Oxygen and Isotope Measurements from Container Ships (2008-) (NPac Cont Ship)

Coverage: Transects across the North Pacific from Hong Kong to Long Beach, California, USA; ~25-50N, 115E-120W


This project is an ongoing time-series beginning in 2008 of measurements relevant to ocean carbon cycling and productivity on basin-wide container ship transects across the North Pacific from Hong Kong to Long Beach, California, with transects made throughout the seasonal cycle beginning in October 2008. The goal of this project is to improve our understanding of the rates and mechanisms of ocean carbon uptake from the atmosphere throughout the seasonal cycle and across spatial gradients across the basin. Sampling includes both discrete samples and continuous underway measurements. Tracers sampled in this program include triple oxygen isotopes (δ17O and δ18O), a tracer of gross primary production, oxygen/argon dissolved gas ratios, a tracer of net community production or carbon export, and carbonate system parameters (pCO2, total alkalinity, DIC, and 13C-DIC) as tracers of ocean carbon uptake and carbon cycling.



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Funding

Funding SourceAward
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE)
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE)
NOAA Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR) Climate Program Office (NOAA OAR Climate Program)

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