http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/635717
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2016-01-20
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Percent algal substrate grazed by sea urchins in trophic cascade experiments in Gal?pagos Islands during 2012 (GMR Trophic Cascades project)
2016-01-19
publication
2016-01-19
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2021-04-01
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.635717.1
Jon D. Witman
Brown University
principalInvestigator
Franz Smith
Brown University
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Witman, J. D., Smith, F. (2021) Percent algal substrate grazed by sea urchins in trophic cascade experiments in Gal?pagos Islands during 2012 (GMR Trophic Cascades project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2016-01-19 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.635717.1 [access date]
Percent algal substrate grazed by sea urchins in trophic cascade experiment in Galápagos Islands Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p>Data describe the percent algal substrate grazed by sea urchins in trophic cascade experiment. Treatments included full predator exclusion with 4 urchins and predator access (fence with 4 urchins) for two species of urchin (<em>Eucidaris galapagensis</em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>Lytechinus semituberculatus</em>) conducted on 23 June – 1 July 2012 and 13 – 20 July 2012, respectively. Experimental concrete bases were photographed and digitized for percent cover of grazed substrate. Experiments were conducted at 10 m depth at Baltra Island, Galápagos Islands.</p>
<p>See Witman, J.D., et al (2015) for description of the experimental design.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1061475 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1061475
completed
Jon D. Witman
Brown University
401-863-3936
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department Box G-W Brown University
Providence
RI
02912
USA
Jon_Witman@brown.edu
pointOfContact
Franz Smith
Brown University
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Providence
RI
franzinho@actrix.co.nz
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
species
site
lat
lon
days
treatment
pcent_grazed
theme
None, User defined
species scientific name (binomial)
site
latitude
longitude
days
treatment
No BCO-DMO term
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Camera
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
Witman_2012
service
Deployment Activity
central Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Effects of Predator Diversity on the Strength of Trophic Cascades in an Oceanic Benthic Ecosystem
http://www.witmanlab.com/predator-diversity-and-the-strength-of-trophic-cascades-gmr.html
Effects of Predator Diversity on the Strength of Trophic Cascades in an Oceanic Benthic Ecosystem
<p><em>Description from NSF award abstract:</em><br />
Predator diversity has decreased dramatically in the world's oceans due to overfishing, anthropogenic habitat destruction and possibly climate change. Yet, still unknown for most ecosystems is the importance of predator diversity and abundance for ecosystem functioning. One of the most pervasive community-wide consequences of top predators is the Trophic Cascade (TC), where herbivores are suppressed, which releases plants from consumption, thus increasing plant productivity. Recent studies have shown that the diversity of predators may reduce, increase, or have no effect on the strength of trophic cascades. The small number, to date, of experimental tests of predator diversity effects on cascade strength precludes broad generalizations vital to the development of predictive theory. Such research is limited by the lack of experimental realism due to the small number of predator species that can be manipulated in simplified mesocosms. Without more realistic species numbers, it is impossible to extrapolate results to natural ecosystems that experience losses of predator diversity.</p>
<p>To meet these challenges, and to better understand the consequences of present and changing levels of predator diversity in marine ecosystems, a series of experimental manipulations will be conducted on natural levels of predator diversity and their herbivorous sea urchin prey. The hypotheses test the ultimate effects on benthic algae, as a measure of cascade strength in oceanic benthic ecosystems of the Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR). Because of years of protection from industrial fishing as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and of local conservation protection as the GMR, there are diverse guilds of higher trophic level predators, such as large fish and sharks. Likewise, there is high diversity of intermediate-level fish and invertebrates that prey on sea urchins, creating an unusual opportunity for testing and developing predator diversity and Biodiversity Ecosystem Functioning theory. The overarching questions addressed in this project are: How do naturally occurring large ranges of oceanic predator diversity influence the strength of trophic cascades? and How does environmental variation and conservation protection influence these processes? The first question will be addressed in experiments manipulating both horizontal (within trophic level; urchin herbivores) and vertical (across trophic level; predators) consumer diversity and in another experiment manipulating the diversity of predatory fish and invertebrates guilds. The experiments employ open fenced treatments containing urchins but allowing access by fish and invertebrate predators of the urchins. To record natural levels of fish and invertebrate predator richness encountering the treatments, consuming the urchins and interacting with each other, the entire experimental layout will be video-recorded for up to several weeks at a time. The time-lapse cameras/lighting system is capable of day and night imaging without affecting predator behavior. A simplified manipulation to measure the influence of predator diversity on cascade strength will be replicated and video-recorded at 16 sites -- representing different levels of upwelling and conservation protection -- to place the mechanistic understanding gleaned from detailed experiments at local sites into a broader (mesoscale) context.</p>
<p><strong>Relevant References:</strong></p>
<p>Witman, J.D and F. Smith. 2003. Rapid community change at a tropical upwelling site in the Galapagos Marine Reserve. Biodiversity and Conservation 12: 25-45</p>
<p>Witman, J.D., M. Brandt and F. Smith 2010. Coupling between subtidal prey and consumers along a mesoscale upwelling gradient in the Galapagos Islands. Ecological Monographs 80: 153-177.</p>
GMR Trophic Cascades
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
biota
oceans
central Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
-90.27525
-90.27525
-0.411
-0.411
2012-06-01
2012-07-31
Galapagos Islands, Ecuador 00 33.953 S; 90 08.493 W
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Percent algal substrate grazed by sea urchins in trophic cascade experiments in Gal?pagos Islands during 2012 (GMR Trophic Cascades project)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/635727.rdf
Name: species
Units: unitless
Description: <p>experimental sea urchin taxonomic name</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/635728.rdf
Name: site
Units: unitless
Description: <p>location of experiment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/635729.rdf
Name: lat
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>latitude; north is positive</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/635730.rdf
Name: lon
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>lonitude; east is positive</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/635731.rdf
Name: days
Units: days
Description: <p>duration of experiment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/635732.rdf
Name: treatment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>description of treatment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/635733.rdf
Name: pcent_grazed
Units: percent
Description: <p>percent of area grazed</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2000
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/26892/1/dataset-635717_urchin-grazing__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.635717.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>Data describe the percent algal substrate grazed by sea urchins in trophic cascade experiment. Treatments included full predator exclusion with 4 urchins and predator access (fence with 4 urchins) for two species of urchin (<em>Eucidaris galapagensis</em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>Lytechinus semituberculatus</em>) conducted on 23 June – 1 July 2012 and 13 – 20 July 2012, respectively. Experimental concrete bases were photographed and digitized for percent cover of grazed substrate. Experiments were conducted at 10 m depth at Baltra Island, Galápagos Islands.</p>
<p>See Witman, J.D., et al (2015) for description of the experimental design.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Data are raw, with no processing.</p>
<p><strong>BCO-DMO Processing:</strong></p>
<p>- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date, reference information<br />
- renamed parameters to BCO-DMO standard<br />
- replaced blanks with underscores<br />
- reformatted data to a flat file<br />
- added site, lat, lon columns</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
PI Supplied Instrument Name: PI Supplied Instrument Description:GoPro digital video camera Instrument Name: Camera Instrument Short Name:camera Instrument Description: All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/311/
Deployment: Witman_2012
Witman_2012
Unknown Platform
Unknown Platform