http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/660244
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2016-09-29
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Pleurochrysis carterae growth cycle culture dynamics analyzed at Bigelow Laboratory from 2013 (OA Copes Coccoliths project)
2016-09-29
publication
2016-09-29
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2019-06-11
publication
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.660244.1
William M. Balch
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
principalInvestigator
David Fields
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Balch, W., Fields, D. (2016) Pleurochrysis carterae growth cycle culture dynamics analyzed at Bigelow Laboratory from 2013 (OA Copes Coccoliths project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2016-09-29 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.660244.1 [access date]
Pleurochrysis carterae growth cycle (14 day) culture dynamics Dataset Description: <p>Growth cycle (14&nbsp;day) culture dynamics of&nbsp;<em>Pleurochrysis</em>&nbsp;<em>carterae</em>&nbsp;(NCMA strain 645). It was isolated from&nbsp;41.525 degrees North, 70.6736 degrees West (Woods Hole, Massachusetts USA), but has been maintained in culture since 1958.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Cultures:&nbsp;</strong><em>Pleurochrysis carterae</em>&nbsp;cultures were maintained in exponential growth phase under axenic conditions in semi-continuous batch culture using L1-Si media prepared on 0.2 um-filtered, UV-sterilized, autoclaved seawater.&nbsp; Cultures were acclimated to one of three&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;treatments for &gt; 9 generations before experiments were performed.&nbsp; Cultures were maintained in an incubator at 16.5 +/- 0.5 degrees C and 470 umol photons/m-2/s&nbsp;PAR on a 14-10 light-dark cycle where the lights turned on at 6 am and turned off at 8 pm.</p>
<p><strong>pCO2&nbsp;Treatments: </strong>Carbonate chemistry was manipulated by bubbling cultures and prepared media with 500 mL/min&nbsp;with 0.2 um-filtered 280, 380, or 750 ppm&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;air.&nbsp; The&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;levels of the treatment air were established using two mass flow controllers (Aalborg, Orangeburg, NY, USA) for each treatment to precisely mix in-house compressed air and pure CO2&nbsp;(Maine Oxy, Auburn, ME, USA).&nbsp; The in-house compressed air was stripped of CO2&nbsp;to less than 10 ppm CO2&nbsp;using a Puregas VCD CO2&nbsp;Adsorber (Puregas, LLC, Broomfield, CO, USA).&nbsp; The&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;of the gas mixtures was stable to +/- 8 ppm.&nbsp;&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;values of the cultures may be different than the target levels due to biological activity.</p>
<p><strong>Growth Cycle (14 d) Culture Dynamics Monitoring:&nbsp;</strong> To understand the chemical and biological culture dynamics over an entire growth cycle (14 days, where days 1-9 represented exponential growth), the investigators took measurements of one culture from each&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;treatment every day at approximately the same time of day for one full growth cycle.&nbsp; Our pH electrode malfunctioned on days 7 and 8, and the total alkalinity sample from the 750 ppm treatment on day 8 was accidentally dropped and broken, so calculations of full carbonate chemistry parameters for days 7 and 8 were not possible.</p>
<p><strong>pH Measurements:&nbsp; </strong>The pH of the cultures was measured using an OrionTM&nbsp;ROSSTM&nbsp;electrode connected to an Orion StarTM&nbsp;A211 Benchtop pH meter (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), calibrated with NBS buffers (EK Industries, Inc., Joliet, IL, USA) and corrected to the total scale using weekly spectrophotometric pH measurements of culture samples.&nbsp; Spectrophotometric pH measurements of 0.2 um-filtered culture samples were made with 20 mM&nbsp;m-Cresol purple sodium salt indicator dye (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA) using a Hitachi U-3010 spectrophotometer (Hitachi High-Technologies, Clarksburg, MD, USA) equipped with a water circulated cell holder connected to a VWR 1160 water bath (VWR, Radnor, PA, USA) set at 16.5 degrees C, holding a 1 cm quartz cell.&nbsp; The method followed the procedure described by Clayton and Byrne (1993) and Dickson et al. (2007), using the refit equation of Liu et al. (2011), resulting in a resolution of +/- 0.004 pH units. &nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Temperature:&nbsp;</strong>Temperature measurements were made with an OrionTM&nbsp;ROSSTM&nbsp;electrode connected to an Orion StarTM&nbsp;A211 Benchtop pH meter (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).</p>
<p><strong>Salinity:&nbsp; </strong>Salinity was measured using an Acorn SALT 6 handheld salinity meter (Oakton Instruments, Vernon Hills, IL, USA) with a resolution of +/- 0.1 ppt.</p>
<p><strong>in vivo Fluorescence:&nbsp; </strong>Fluoresence was measured using a Turner 10-AU fluorometer (Turner Designs, Sunnyvale, CA, USA).</p>
<p><strong>Cell density and cell diameter: </strong>Culture density and mean cell diameter were measured using a Moxi Z mini automated cell counter (ORFLO Technologies, Ketchum, ID, USA), which has a coefficient of variation of 4%.</p>
<p><strong>Particulate Inorganic Carbon:&nbsp;</strong> Bulk culture PIC analyses followed the technique of Fernandez et al. (1993): 10 mL culture samples were filtered onto 0.4 um polycarbonate filters and rinsed with potassium borate buffer with the pH adjusted to 8.0 to remove seawater calcium chloride.&nbsp; Filters were carefully moved to trace-metal free centrifuge tubes and digested with 5 mL of 5% nitric acid.&nbsp; The calcium concentration was measured using a Jobin Yvon Ultima C inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES, HORIBA, Ltd., Kyoto, Japan).&nbsp; Bulk culture PIC measurements were corrected to PIC/cell&nbsp;using the corresponding cell density measurements.</p>
<p><strong>Particulate Organic Carbon:&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;To determine the bulk culture POC concentration, 10 mL of culture were filtered onto a pre-combusted Whatman GF/F filter, which was then fumed in 10 % HCl to remove inorganic carbonates.&nbsp; The dried filters were then analyzed on an ECS 4010 CHNSO Analyzer (Costech Analytical Technologies, Valencia, CA, USA) by Bigelow Analytical Services, East Boothbay, ME, USA.&nbsp; Bulk culture POC measurements were corrected to POC/cell&nbsp;using the corresponding cell density measurements.</p>
<p><strong>Nutrients:&nbsp; </strong>Culture samples were filtered to 0.2 um to remove all algal cells and coccoliths, and samples were frozen prior to analysis.&nbsp; Total N (nitrate + nitrite), nitrite, phosphate, and silicate were measured by Continuous Flow Analysis by Bigelow Analytical Services using a SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR (SEAL Analytical Inc., Mequon, WI, USA). &nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Total Alkalinity:&nbsp; </strong>Culture samples were filtered to 0.2 um to remove all algal cells and coccoliths.&nbsp; Total alkalinity was measured via titration with 0.01 N HCl using a Metrohm Titrando 888 controlled by Tiamo software (Metrohm, Riverview, FL, USA) to perform automated Gran titrations of 4 mL samples.&nbsp; Titrations were corrected to Certified Reference Materials (supplied by the laboratory of Andrew Dickson, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA).</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1220068 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1220068
completed
William M. Balch
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
207-315-2567
60 Bigelow Drive
East Boothbay
ME
04544
USA
bbalch@bigelow.org
pointOfContact
David Fields
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
207-315-2567
60 Bigelow Dr.
East Boothbay
ME
04544
USA
dfields@bigelow.org
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
pCO2_treatment
date
day
time
pH
temperature
salinity
inVivo_fluorescence
cell_density
mean_cellDiameter
fluorescencePerCellDensity
PIC_ugCPerL
PIC_pgCPerCell
POC_ugCPermL
POC_pgCPerCell
NO2
NO3_NO2
NO3
PO4
SiO4
mean_SiO4
TA
DIC
pCO2
HCO3
CO3
CO2
omega_calcite
ISO_DateTime_UTC
Moxi Z Automated Cell Counter
Puregas VCD CO2 Adsorber
Jobin Yvon Ultima C
Aalborg Mass Flow Controller
SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR
Orion ROSS electrode
Acorn SALT 6 handheld salinity meter
Hitachi U-3010 spectrophotometer
Metrohm Titrando 888
theme
None, User defined
treatment
date
day of month
time of day
pH
temperature of sample or a generic measurement (not in-situ water temp)
salinity
fluorescence
cell_concentration
No BCO-DMO term
particulate inorganic Carbon
particulate organic Carbon (POC)
Nitrite
nitrate plus nitrite
Nitrate
reactive phosphorus (PO4)
Silicate (reactive silica)
total alkalinity (TA)
dissolved inorganic Carbon
Partial pressure of CO2
bicarbonate concentration [HCO3]-
Carbonate concentration [CO3]2-
Calcite Saturation State
ISO_DateTime_UTC
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Automated Cell Counter
CO2 Adsorber
Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer
Mass Flow Controller
Nutrient Autoanalyzer
pH Sensor
Salinity Sensor
Spectrophotometer
Titrator
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
Balch_2013
service
Deployment Activity
Bigelow Laboratory
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES): Ocean Acidification (formerly CRI-OA)
https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=503477
Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES): Ocean Acidification (formerly CRI-OA)
NSF Climate Research Investment (CRI) activities that were initiated in 2010 are now included under Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES). SEES is a portfolio of activities that highlights NSF's unique role in helping society address the challenge(s) of achieving sustainability. Detailed information about the SEES program is available from NSF (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=504707).
In recognition of the need for basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future, the goal of the SEES: OA program is to understand (a) the chemistry and physical chemistry of ocean acidification; (b) how ocean acidification interacts with processes at the organismal level; and (c) how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.
Solicitations issued under this program:
NSF 10-530, FY 2010-FY2011
NSF 12-500, FY 2012
NSF 12-600, FY 2013
NSF 13-586, FY 2014
NSF 13-586 was the final solicitation that will be released for this program.
PI Meetings:
1st U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(March 22-24, 2011, Woods Hole, MA)
2nd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(Sept. 18-20, 2013, Washington, DC)
3rd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (June 9-11, 2015, Woods Hole, MA – Tentative)
NSF media releases for the Ocean Acidification Program:
Press Release 10-186 NSF Awards Grants to Study Effects of Ocean Acidification
Discovery Blue Mussels "Hang On" Along Rocky Shores: For How Long?
Discovery nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) Discoveries - Trouble in Paradise: Ocean Acidification This Way Comes - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 12-179 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Ocean Acidification: Finding New Answers Through National Science Foundation Research Grants - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 13-102 World Oceans Month Brings Mixed News for Oysters
Press Release 13-108 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Natural Underwater Springs Show How Coral Reefs Respond to Ocean Acidification - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 13-148 Ocean acidification: Making new discoveries through National Science Foundation research grants
Press Release 13-148 - Video nsf.gov - News - Video - NSF Ocean Sciences Division Director David Conover answers questions about ocean acidification. - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 14-010 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Palau's coral reefs surprisingly resistant to ocean acidification - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 14-116 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Ocean Acidification: NSF awards $11.4 million in new grants to study effects on marine ecosystems - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
SEES-OA
largerWorkCitation
program
Effects of ocean acidification on Emiliania huxleyi and Calanus finmarchicus; insights into the oceanic alkalinity and biological carbon pumps
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/514415
Effects of ocean acidification on Emiliania huxleyi and Calanus finmarchicus; insights into the oceanic alkalinity and biological carbon pumps
<p><em>(Extracted from the NSF award abstract)</em></p>
<p>Ocean acidification is one of the most pressing marine science issues of our time, with potential biological impacts spanning all marine phyla and potential societal impacts affecting man's relationship to the sea. Rising levels of atmospheric pCO2 are increasing the acidity of the world oceans. It is generally held that average surface ocean pH has already declined by 0.1 pH units relative to the pre-industrial level (Orr et al., 2005), and is projected to decrease 0.3 to 0.46 units by the end of this century, depending on CO2 emission scenarios (Caldeira and Wickett, 2005). The overall goal of this research is to parameterize how changes in pCO2 levels could alter the biological and alkalinity pumps of the world ocean. Specifically, the direct and indirect effects of ocean acidification will be examined within a simple, controlled predator/prey system containing a single prey phytoplankton species (the coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi) and a single predator (the oceanic metazoan grazer, Calanus finmarchicus). The experiments are designed to elucidate both direct effects (i.e. effects of ocean acidification on the individual organisms only) and interactive effects (i.e. effects on the combined predator/prey system). Interactive experiments with phytoplankton prey and zooplankton predator are a critical starting point for predicting the overall impact of ocean acidification in marine ecosystems. To meet these goals, a state-of-the-art facility will be constructed with growth chambers that are calibrated and have highly-controlled pH and alkalinity levels. The strength of this approach lies in meticulous calibration and redundant measurements that will be made to ensure that conditions within the chambers are well described and tightly monitored for DIC levels. Growth and calcification rates in coccolithophores and the developmental rates, morphological and behavioral effects on copepods will be measured. The PIC and POC in the algae and the excreted fecal pellets will be monitored for changes in the PIC/POC ratio, a key parameter for modeling feedback mechanisms for rising pCO2 levels. In addition, 14C experiments are planned to measure calcification rates in coccolithophores and dissolution rates as a result of grazing. These key experiments will verify closure in the mass balance of PIC, allowing the determination of actual dissolution rates of PIC within the guts of copepod grazers.</p>
OA_Copes_Coccoliths
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Bigelow Laboratory
2014-04-22
2014-05-06
Laboratory experiments; East Boothbay, Maine
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Pleurochrysis carterae growth cycle culture dynamics analyzed at Bigelow Laboratory from 2013 (OA Copes Coccoliths project)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660263.rdf
Name: pCO2_treatment
Units: parts per million (ppm)
Description: <p>The independent variable; one of three pCO2 levels (280 ppm, 380 ppm, or 750 ppm). These treatment levels are nominal values as they represent the target pCO2 for each treatment. Within each pCO2 treatment there are 14 days worth of culture measurements for the algal cultures. Measurements of the media (without algae) were made on days 0 and 14. Only chemical measurements were made on the media not biological measurements.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660264.rdf
Name: date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>The date the measurement was taken; YYYY/mm/dd</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660265.rdf
Name: day
Units: unitless
Description: <p>The time elapsed since the beginning of the growth cycle.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660266.rdf
Name: time
Units: unitless
Description: <p>The actual time that the measurements for that timepoint began; HH:MM</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660267.rdf
Name: pH
Units: pH
Description: <p>pH measured on the total scale.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660268.rdf
Name: temperature
Units: celsius
Description: <p>Temperature</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660269.rdf
Name: salinity
Units: practical salnity unit (PSU)
Description: <p>Salinity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660270.rdf
Name: inVivo_fluorescence
Units: relative fluorescence units
Description: <p>fluorescence to indicate relative chlorophyll-a concentration.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660271.rdf
Name: cell_density
Units: cells per milliliter (cells/mL)
Description: <p>cell density of the culture, as measured by the Moxi Z Automated Cell Counter.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660272.rdf
Name: mean_cellDiameter
Units: microns (um)
Description: <p>mean cell diameter as measured by the Moxi Z Automated Cell Counter.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660273.rdf
Name: fluorescencePerCellDensity
Units: cells per milliliter (cells/mL)-1
Description: <p>Fluorescence divided by cell density to give an estimate of fluorescence per cell.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660274.rdf
Name: PIC_ugCPerL
Units: ugC/L
Description: <p>Particulate inorganic carbon concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660275.rdf
Name: PIC_pgCPerCell
Units: pgC/cell
Description: <p>Particulate inorganic carbon concentration with unit conversion to pg/mL and divided by the cell density to give pg C per cell.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660276.rdf
Name: POC_ugCPermL
Units: ugC/mL
Description: <p>Particulate organic carbon concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660277.rdf
Name: POC_pgCPerCell
Units: pgC/cell
Description: <p>Particulate organic carbon concentration with unit conversion to pg/mL and divided by the cell density to give pg C per cell.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660278.rdf
Name: NO2
Units: umol/kg
Description: <p>Nitrite concentration.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660279.rdf
Name: NO3_NO2
Units: umol/kg
Description: <p>Nitrate + Nitrite concentration.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660280.rdf
Name: NO3
Units: umol/kg
Description: <p>Nitrate concentration calculated from the total N and nitrite measurements.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660281.rdf
Name: PO4
Units: umol/kg
Description: <p>Phosphate concentration.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660282.rdf
Name: SiO4
Units: umol/kg
Description: <p>Silicate concentration.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660283.rdf
Name: mean_SiO4
Units: umol/kg
Description: <p>Silicate concentration estimated as the average of the values from all the measured values. Biologically there should be no change in silicate concentration because coccolithophores do not take up silicate. However silicate values are needed to calculate the carbonate chemistry parameters in CO2sys so the average value was used for days when silicate concentrations were not measured.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660284.rdf
Name: TA
Units: ueq/kg
Description: <p>Total alkalinity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660285.rdf
Name: DIC
Units: umol/kg
Description: <p>Dissolved inorganic carbon concentration calculated using CO2sys.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660286.rdf
Name: pCO2
Units: uatm
Description: <p>Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the water calculated using CO2sys. This calculated value more accurately represents the pCO2 of the culture than the nominal treatment value which represents the pCO2 of the air bubbled into the culture.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660287.rdf
Name: HCO3
Units: umol/kg
Description: <p>Bicarbonate concentration calculated using CO2sys.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660288.rdf
Name: CO3
Units: umol/kg
Description: <p>Carbonate concentration calculated using CO2sys.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660289.rdf
Name: CO2
Units: umol/kg
Description: <p>Carbon dioxide concentration calculated using CO2sys.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660290.rdf
Name: omega_calcite
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Saturation state of calcium carbonate with respect to calcite calculated using CO2sys.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/660291.rdf
Name: ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date/Time (UTC) ISO formatted; YYYY/mm/dd;HH:MM:SS</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
9290
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/24242/1/dataset-660244_pleurochrysis-carterae-growth-cycle-culture-dynamics__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.660244.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Cultures:&nbsp;</strong><em>Pleurochrysis carterae</em>&nbsp;cultures were maintained in exponential growth phase under axenic conditions in semi-continuous batch culture using L1-Si media prepared on 0.2 um-filtered, UV-sterilized, autoclaved seawater.&nbsp; Cultures were acclimated to one of three&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;treatments for &gt; 9 generations before experiments were performed.&nbsp; Cultures were maintained in an incubator at 16.5 +/- 0.5 degrees C and 470 umol photons/m-2/s&nbsp;PAR on a 14-10 light-dark cycle where the lights turned on at 6 am and turned off at 8 pm.</p>
<p><strong>pCO2&nbsp;Treatments: </strong>Carbonate chemistry was manipulated by bubbling cultures and prepared media with 500 mL/min&nbsp;with 0.2 um-filtered 280, 380, or 750 ppm&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;air.&nbsp; The&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;levels of the treatment air were established using two mass flow controllers (Aalborg, Orangeburg, NY, USA) for each treatment to precisely mix in-house compressed air and pure CO2&nbsp;(Maine Oxy, Auburn, ME, USA).&nbsp; The in-house compressed air was stripped of CO2&nbsp;to less than 10 ppm CO2&nbsp;using a Puregas VCD CO2&nbsp;Adsorber (Puregas, LLC, Broomfield, CO, USA).&nbsp; The&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;of the gas mixtures was stable to +/- 8 ppm.&nbsp;&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;values of the cultures may be different than the target levels due to biological activity.</p>
<p><strong>Growth Cycle (14 d) Culture Dynamics Monitoring:&nbsp;</strong> To understand the chemical and biological culture dynamics over an entire growth cycle (14 days, where days 1-9 represented exponential growth), the investigators took measurements of one culture from each&nbsp;pCO2&nbsp;treatment every day at approximately the same time of day for one full growth cycle.&nbsp; Our pH electrode malfunctioned on days 7 and 8, and the total alkalinity sample from the 750 ppm treatment on day 8 was accidentally dropped and broken, so calculations of full carbonate chemistry parameters for days 7 and 8 were not possible.</p>
<p><strong>pH Measurements:&nbsp; </strong>The pH of the cultures was measured using an OrionTM&nbsp;ROSSTM&nbsp;electrode connected to an Orion StarTM&nbsp;A211 Benchtop pH meter (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), calibrated with NBS buffers (EK Industries, Inc., Joliet, IL, USA) and corrected to the total scale using weekly spectrophotometric pH measurements of culture samples.&nbsp; Spectrophotometric pH measurements of 0.2 um-filtered culture samples were made with 20 mM&nbsp;m-Cresol purple sodium salt indicator dye (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA) using a Hitachi U-3010 spectrophotometer (Hitachi High-Technologies, Clarksburg, MD, USA) equipped with a water circulated cell holder connected to a VWR 1160 water bath (VWR, Radnor, PA, USA) set at 16.5 degrees C, holding a 1 cm quartz cell.&nbsp; The method followed the procedure described by Clayton and Byrne (1993) and Dickson et al. (2007), using the refit equation of Liu et al. (2011), resulting in a resolution of +/- 0.004 pH units. &nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Temperature:&nbsp;</strong>Temperature measurements were made with an OrionTM&nbsp;ROSSTM&nbsp;electrode connected to an Orion StarTM&nbsp;A211 Benchtop pH meter (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).</p>
<p><strong>Salinity:&nbsp; </strong>Salinity was measured using an Acorn SALT 6 handheld salinity meter (Oakton Instruments, Vernon Hills, IL, USA) with a resolution of +/- 0.1 ppt.</p>
<p><strong>in vivo Fluorescence:&nbsp; </strong>Fluoresence was measured using a Turner 10-AU fluorometer (Turner Designs, Sunnyvale, CA, USA).</p>
<p><strong>Cell density and cell diameter: </strong>Culture density and mean cell diameter were measured using a Moxi Z mini automated cell counter (ORFLO Technologies, Ketchum, ID, USA), which has a coefficient of variation of 4%.</p>
<p><strong>Particulate Inorganic Carbon:&nbsp;</strong> Bulk culture PIC analyses followed the technique of Fernandez et al. (1993): 10 mL culture samples were filtered onto 0.4 um polycarbonate filters and rinsed with potassium borate buffer with the pH adjusted to 8.0 to remove seawater calcium chloride.&nbsp; Filters were carefully moved to trace-metal free centrifuge tubes and digested with 5 mL of 5% nitric acid.&nbsp; The calcium concentration was measured using a Jobin Yvon Ultima C inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES, HORIBA, Ltd., Kyoto, Japan).&nbsp; Bulk culture PIC measurements were corrected to PIC/cell&nbsp;using the corresponding cell density measurements.</p>
<p><strong>Particulate Organic Carbon:&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;To determine the bulk culture POC concentration, 10 mL of culture were filtered onto a pre-combusted Whatman GF/F filter, which was then fumed in 10 % HCl to remove inorganic carbonates.&nbsp; The dried filters were then analyzed on an ECS 4010 CHNSO Analyzer (Costech Analytical Technologies, Valencia, CA, USA) by Bigelow Analytical Services, East Boothbay, ME, USA.&nbsp; Bulk culture POC measurements were corrected to POC/cell&nbsp;using the corresponding cell density measurements.</p>
<p><strong>Nutrients:&nbsp; </strong>Culture samples were filtered to 0.2 um to remove all algal cells and coccoliths, and samples were frozen prior to analysis.&nbsp; Total N (nitrate + nitrite), nitrite, phosphate, and silicate were measured by Continuous Flow Analysis by Bigelow Analytical Services using a SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR (SEAL Analytical Inc., Mequon, WI, USA). &nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Total Alkalinity:&nbsp; </strong>Culture samples were filtered to 0.2 um to remove all algal cells and coccoliths.&nbsp; Total alkalinity was measured via titration with 0.01 N HCl using a Metrohm Titrando 888 controlled by Tiamo software (Metrohm, Riverview, FL, USA) to perform automated Gran titrations of 4 mL samples.&nbsp; Titrations were corrected to Certified Reference Materials (supplied by the laboratory of Andrew Dickson, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA).</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p><strong>Nitrate:&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;To determine the nitrate concentration of our cultures, Total N (nitrate+nitrite) and nitrite concentrations were measured and the nitrate concentration was calculated as:</p>
<p>Nitrate = Total N - Nitrite</p>
<p><strong>Carbonate Chemistry Calculations:&nbsp; </strong>Using the measured values of pH (total scale), total alkalinity, temperature, salinity, phosphate, and silicate, the investigators used CO2SYS software (Pierrot et al. 2006) to calculate dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC),&nbsp;pCO2, [HCO3-], [CO32-], [CO2], and&nbsp;calcite&nbsp;using the first and second dissociation constants (K1&nbsp;and K2) of carbonic acid in seawater from Mehrbach et al. (1973), refit by Dickson and Millero (1987); KHSO4&nbsp;from Dickson (1990); and [B]T&nbsp;from Uppstrom et al. (1974).&nbsp; Full carbonate chemistry could not be calculated for days 7 and&nbsp;8,&nbsp;since the pH meter malfunctioned.</p>
<p><strong>DMO notes:</strong><br />
- added underscores and removed spaces and units from column names<br />
- changed column names to comply with BCO-DMO standards.<br />
- replaced all "na" with "nd"</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
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info@bco-dmo.org
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For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
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Moxi Z Automated Cell Counter
Moxi Z Automated Cell Counter
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Moxi Z Automated Cell Counter PI Supplied Instrument Description:Measures culture density Instrument Name: Automated Cell Counter Instrument Short Name:ACC Instrument Description: An instrument that determines the numbers, types or viability of cells present in a sample.
Puregas VCD CO2 Adsorber
Puregas VCD CO2 Adsorber
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Puregas VCD CO2 Adsorber PI Supplied Instrument Description:Instrument stripped compressed air of CO2 Instrument Name: CO2 Adsorber Instrument Short Name:CO2 Adsorber Instrument Description: CO2 Adsorber - an instrument designed to remove CO2 and moisture from compressed air.
Jobin Yvon Ultima C
Jobin Yvon Ultima C
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Jobin Yvon Ultima C PI Supplied Instrument Description:Calcium concentration measured (ICP-AES, HORIBA, Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). Instrument Name: Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:ICP-OES or ICP-AES Instrument Description: Also referred to as an Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES). These instruments pass nebulised samples into an inductively-coupled gas plasma (8-10000 K) where they are atomised and excited. The de-excitation optical emissions at characteristic wavelengths are spectroscopically analysed. It is often used in the detection of trace metals.
Aalborg Mass Flow Controller
Aalborg Mass Flow Controller
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Aalborg Mass Flow Controller PI Supplied Instrument Description:Indicate and control set flow rates of gases. Manufactured in Orangeburg, NY USA. Instrument Name: Mass Flow Controller Instrument Short Name:MFC Instrument Description: Mass Flow Controller (MFC) - A device used to measure and control the flow of fluids and gases
SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR
SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR
PI Supplied Instrument Name: SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR PI Supplied Instrument Description:Continuous flow analysis performed by Bigelow Analytical Services (SEAL Analytical Inc., Mequon, WI, USA). Instrument Name: Nutrient Autoanalyzer Instrument Short Name:Nutrient Autoanalyzer Instrument Description: Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term used when specific type, make and model were not specified. In general, a Nutrient Autoanalyzer is an automated flow-thru system for doing nutrient analysis (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) on seawater samples. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB04/
Orion ROSS electrode
Orion ROSS electrode
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Orion ROSS electrode PI Supplied Instrument Description:Orion ROSS electrode was connected to an Orion Star A211 Benchtop pH meter (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) Instrument Name: pH Sensor Instrument Short Name:pH Sensor Instrument Description: An instrument that measures the hydrogen ion activity in solutions.
The overall concentration of hydrogen ions is inversely related to its pH. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 and indicates whether acidic (more H+) or basic (less H+).
Acorn SALT 6 handheld salinity meter
Acorn SALT 6 handheld salinity meter
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Acorn SALT 6 handheld salinity meter PI Supplied Instrument Description:Salinity measured using this instrument with a resolution of +/- 0.1 ppt (Oakton Instruments, Vernon Hills, IL, USA) Instrument Name: Salinity Sensor Instrument Short Name:Salinity Sensor Instrument Description: Category of instrument that simultaneously measures electrical conductivity and temperature in the water column to provide temperature and salinity data. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/350/
Hitachi U-3010 spectrophotometer
Hitachi U-3010 spectrophotometer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Hitachi U-3010 spectrophotometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Spectrophotometric pH measurements were taken of culture samples Instrument Name: Spectrophotometer Instrument Short Name:Spectrophotometer Instrument Description: An instrument used to measure the relative absorption of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths in the near infra-red, visible and ultraviolet wavebands by samples. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB20/
Metrohm Titrando 888
Metrohm Titrando 888
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Metrohm Titrando 888 PI Supplied Instrument Description:Automatic titrations controlled by Tiamo software (Metrohm, Riverview, FL, USA). Instrument Name: Titrator Instrument Short Name:Titrator Instrument Description: Titrators are instruments that incrementally add quantified aliquots of a reagent to a sample until the end-point of a chemical reaction is reached. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB12/
Deployment: Balch_2013
Balch_2013
lab Bigelow
laboratory
Balch_2013
William M. Balch
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
lab Bigelow
laboratory