http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/661613
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2016-10-14
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Three runs of six open system mesocosms run with 15N tracer addition from (oyster reef N2O emission project)
2016-10-14
publication
2016-10-14
revision
BCO-DMO Linked Data URI
2016-10-14
creation
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/661613
Bongkeun Song
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
principalInvestigator
Craig Tobias
University of Connecticut
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Song, B., Tobias, C. (2016) Three runs of six open system mesocosms run with 15N tracer addition from (oyster reef N2O emission project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 14 October 2016) Version Date 2016-10-14 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/661613 [access date]
Three runs of six open system mesocosms run with 15N tracer addition Dataset Description: <p>Three runs of six open system mesocosms run with 15N tracer addition. 3 tanks included oysters while 3 served as controls.&nbsp;Experiment were condcuted in the University of Connecticut Department of Marine Sciences.</p>
<p><strong>Status (14 October 2016)</strong>: Data are forthcoming and will be available as soon as possible. Please contact the PI for more information.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p>Mesocosms were run as open system, steady-state type experiments in the dark and at constant temperature with a 4-day residence time. Each of the tanks contained 15 L of sand and 100 L of seawater filtered to 1m.&nbsp;Three of the tanks also contained juvenile oysters (<em>Crassostrea virginica</em>) at aquaculture density (~700 g live wt per tank), while three mesocosms did not contain oysters and served as controls. All tanks received continuous additions of the labeled substrate (<sup>15</sup>N-NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, <sup>15</sup>N-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, and <sup>15</sup>N-phytoplankton).&nbsp;In each of the three experiments the tanks were sampled for 16 days, or 4 turn over times of the tank volume.</p>
<p>All six tanks in the nitrate and ammonium experiments were batch fed Shellfish Diet 1800 (Reed Mariculture Inc.) 3x daily at a concentration of 30,000 cells per ml.&nbsp;The <sup>15</sup>N-phytoplankton treatment received no additional dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) to the overlying water and twice daily feedings of a <sup>15</sup>N labeled <em>Thalassiosira weissflogii</em> culture at concentrations of 25,000 cells per ml&nbsp;(Bigelow Laboratory) with no additional DIN input.</p>
<p>The fate of the heavy isotopic label in each experiment was assessed through time series samples of the concentration and enrichment of water column N<sub>2</sub>, DIN, and N<sub>2</sub>O as well as sediment bound NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>.&nbsp;The concentrations and enrichments of these species yield rates including coupled denitrification (DNF), direct DNF, incomplete DNF, nitrification, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA).&nbsp;Additional time series samples for rates of total system respiration and OM source are also taken. Elemental analysis of sediment&nbsp;samples show how oysters might be processing and altering OM reaching sediments.&nbsp;At the end of each experiment an SF6 tracer was added in order to calculate the gas transfer rate in each tank.</p>
<p>Samples for <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>, <sup>18</sup>O<sub>2</sub> <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>O, and DIC were run on the IRMS.&nbsp;Samples for DIN concentration were run on the Smartchem auto analyzer (WestCo.).&nbsp;<sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> was done using the denitrifier method (Christensen et al. 1988), and&nbsp; <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> and <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> were done using the Azide hypobromide method (Zhang et al. 2007) all of which were then run on the IRMS. Samples for POM, and sediment <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>13</sup>C were run on an&nbsp;elemental analyzer (EA) coupled to an IRMS.&nbsp; DOC was run on a total organic carbon analyzer (Shimadzu), while N<sub>2</sub>O and SF<sub>6</sub> concentrations were measured on a gas chromatograph with electron capture detector (GC-ECD).&nbsp;</p>
<p><em>Related references:</em><br />
Steingruber, S. M., Friedrich, J., Gächter, R., &amp; Wehrli, B. 2001. Measurement of denitrification in sediments with the 15N isotope pairing technique. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67(9), 3771-3778. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.9.3771-3778.2001" target="_blank">10.1128/AEM.67.9.3771-3778.2001</a></p>
<p>Zhang, L., M. A. Altabet, T. Wu, O. Hadas.&nbsp;2007. Sensitive measurement of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>&nbsp;<sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>N (<sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) at natural abundance levels in fresh and salt waters. Analytical Chemistry 79:5297-5303. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac070106d" target="_blank">10.1021/ac070106d</a></p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1233372 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1233372
onGoing
Bongkeun Song
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
804-684-7411
P.O Box 1346
Gloucester Point
VA
23692
USA
songb@vims.edu
pointOfContact
Craig Tobias
University of Connecticut
860-405-9140
1080 Shennecossett Rd.
Groton
CT
06340
USA
craig.tobias@uconn.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 14 October 2016
Unknown
Smartchem auto analyzer
elemental analyzer (EA)
gas chromatograph with electron capture detector (GC-ECD)
IRMS
total organic carbon analyzer
theme
None, User defined
Discrete Analyzer
Elemental Analyzer
Gas Chromatograph
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
Total Organic Carbon Analyzer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Microbial Regulation of Greenhouse Gas N2O Emission from Intertidal Oyster Reefs
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/527289
Microbial Regulation of Greenhouse Gas N2O Emission from Intertidal Oyster Reefs
<p><em>Extracted from the NSF award abstract:</em></p>
<p>Oyster reefs are biogeochemical hot spots and prominent estuarine habitats that provide disproportionate ecological function. Suspension-feeding eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, are capable of improving water quality and diminishing eutrophication by filtering nutrients and particles from the water and depositing them in the sediments. Remineralization of these deposits may enhance sedimentary denitrification that facilitates nitrogen removal in tidal estuaries. However, the scientific underpinning of oyster reef function has been challenged in various studies. In addition, recent studies of filter feeding invertebrates reported the production of nitrous oxide (N2O), a greenhouse gas, as an end product of incomplete denitrification by gut microbes. C. virginica could be another source of N2O flux from intertidal habitats. Preliminary work indicated substantial N2O production from individual oysters. The estimated N2O production from high density oyster reefs may exceed the N2O flux measured from some estuaries. With the new discovery of N2O emission and uncertainty regarding eutrophication control, the ecological value of oyster reef restoration may become equivocal.</p>
<p>This project will quantify N2O fluxes to understand the factors controlling N2O emission from oyster reefs. Sedimentary N processes will be examined to develop an oyster reef N model to estimate N2O emission from tidal creek estuaries relative to other N cycling processes. The PIs hypothesize that intertidal oyster reefs are a substantial source of N2O emission from estuarine ecosystems and the magnitude of emission may be linked to water quality. If substantial N2O flux from oyster reefs is validated, ecological benefits of oyster reef restoration should be reevaluated. This interdisciplinary research team includes a microbial ecologist, a biogeochemist, an ecologist and an ecosystem modeler. They will utilize stable isotope and molecular microbiological techniques to quantify oyster N2O production, elucidate microbial sources of N2O emission from oysters and sediments, and estimate seasonal variation of N2O fluxes from oyster reefs. Measurements from this study will be integrated into a coupled oyster bioenergetics-sediment biogeochemistry model to compare system level rates of N cycling on oyster reefs as a function of oyster density and water quality. Modeling results will be used to assess the relative trade-offs of oyster restoration associated with N cycling. They expect to deliver the following end products:1) estimation of annual N2O flux from oyster reefs as an additional source of greenhouse gases from estuaries, 2) a better understanding of the environmental and microbial factors influencing N2O and N2 fluxes in tidal estuaries, 3) transformative knowledge for the effect of oyster restoration on water quality enhancement and ecosystem function, 4) direct guidance for oyster restoration projects whose goals include water quality enhancement, and 5) a modeling tool for use in research and restoration planning.</p>
Oyster Reef N2O Emission
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
2016-10-14
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Three runs of six open system mesocosms run with 15N tracer addition from (oyster reef N2O emission project)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/661613/data/download
download
onLine
dataset
<p>Mesocosms were run as open system, steady-state type experiments in the dark and at constant temperature with a 4-day residence time. Each of the tanks contained 15 L of sand and 100 L of seawater filtered to 1m.&nbsp;Three of the tanks also contained juvenile oysters (<em>Crassostrea virginica</em>) at aquaculture density (~700 g live wt per tank), while three mesocosms did not contain oysters and served as controls. All tanks received continuous additions of the labeled substrate (<sup>15</sup>N-NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, <sup>15</sup>N-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, and <sup>15</sup>N-phytoplankton).&nbsp;In each of the three experiments the tanks were sampled for 16 days, or 4 turn over times of the tank volume.</p>
<p>All six tanks in the nitrate and ammonium experiments were batch fed Shellfish Diet 1800 (Reed Mariculture Inc.) 3x daily at a concentration of 30,000 cells per ml.&nbsp;The <sup>15</sup>N-phytoplankton treatment received no additional dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) to the overlying water and twice daily feedings of a <sup>15</sup>N labeled <em>Thalassiosira weissflogii</em> culture at concentrations of 25,000 cells per ml&nbsp;(Bigelow Laboratory) with no additional DIN input.</p>
<p>The fate of the heavy isotopic label in each experiment was assessed through time series samples of the concentration and enrichment of water column N<sub>2</sub>, DIN, and N<sub>2</sub>O as well as sediment bound NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>.&nbsp;The concentrations and enrichments of these species yield rates including coupled denitrification (DNF), direct DNF, incomplete DNF, nitrification, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA).&nbsp;Additional time series samples for rates of total system respiration and OM source are also taken. Elemental analysis of sediment&nbsp;samples show how oysters might be processing and altering OM reaching sediments.&nbsp;At the end of each experiment an SF6 tracer was added in order to calculate the gas transfer rate in each tank.</p>
<p>Samples for <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>, <sup>18</sup>O<sub>2</sub> <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>O, and DIC were run on the IRMS.&nbsp;Samples for DIN concentration were run on the Smartchem auto analyzer (WestCo.).&nbsp;<sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> was done using the denitrifier method (Christensen et al. 1988), and&nbsp; <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> and <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> were done using the Azide hypobromide method (Zhang et al. 2007) all of which were then run on the IRMS. Samples for POM, and sediment <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>13</sup>C were run on an&nbsp;elemental analyzer (EA) coupled to an IRMS.&nbsp; DOC was run on a total organic carbon analyzer (Shimadzu), while N<sub>2</sub>O and SF<sub>6</sub> concentrations were measured on a gas chromatograph with electron capture detector (GC-ECD).&nbsp;</p>
<p><em>Related references:</em><br />
Steingruber, S. M., Friedrich, J., Gächter, R., &amp; Wehrli, B. 2001. Measurement of denitrification in sediments with the 15N isotope pairing technique. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67(9), 3771-3778. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.9.3771-3778.2001" target="_blank">10.1128/AEM.67.9.3771-3778.2001</a></p>
<p>Zhang, L., M. A. Altabet, T. Wu, O. Hadas.&nbsp;2007. Sensitive measurement of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>&nbsp;<sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>N (<sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) at natural abundance levels in fresh and salt waters. Analytical Chemistry 79:5297-5303. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac070106d" target="_blank">10.1021/ac070106d</a></p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Smartchem auto analyzer
Smartchem auto analyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Smartchem auto analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Samples for DIN concentration were run on the Smartchem auto analyzer (WestCo.). Instrument Name: Discrete Analyzer Instrument Short Name:Discrete Analyzer Instrument Description: Discrete analyzers utilize discrete reaction wells to mix and develop the colorimetric reaction, allowing for a wide variety of assays to be performed from one sample. These instruments are ideal for drinking water, wastewater, soil testing, environmental and university or research applications where multiple assays and high throughput are required.
elemental analyzer (EA)
elemental analyzer (EA)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: elemental analyzer (EA) PI Supplied Instrument Description:Samples for POM, and sediment 15N and 13C were run on and elemental analyzer (EA) coupled to an IRMS. Instrument Name: Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments that quantify carbon, nitrogen and sometimes other elements by combusting the sample at very high temperature and assaying the resulting gaseous oxides. Usually used for samples including organic material. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB01/
gas chromatograph with electron capture detector (GC-ECD)
gas chromatograph with electron capture detector (GC-ECD)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: gas chromatograph with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) PI Supplied Instrument Description:N2O and SF6 concentrations were measured on a gas chromatograph with electron capture detector (GC-ECD). Instrument Name: Gas Chromatograph Instrument Short Name:Gas Chromatograph Instrument Description: Instrument separating gases, volatile substances, or substances dissolved in a volatile solvent by transporting an inert gas through a column packed with a sorbent to a detector for assay. (from SeaDataNet, BODC) Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB02/
IRMS
IRMS
PI Supplied Instrument Name: IRMS Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
total organic carbon analyzer
total organic carbon analyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: total organic carbon analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:DOC was run on a total organic carbon analyzer (Shimadzu). Instrument Name: Total Organic Carbon Analyzer Instrument Short Name:TOC analyzer Instrument Description: A unit that accurately determines the carbon concentrations of organic compounds typically by detecting and measuring its combustion product (CO2). See description document at: http://bcodata.whoi.edu/LaurentianGreatLakes_Chemistry/bs116.pdf Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB04/