19:I[42426,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1xctgzqre-wsy.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_-wz6pdtp2b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/30e52g49hg40p.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/02yq6tul2z-oh.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/10bx_ec2vj7n_.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/33bfn03fo8xnt.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/0tfjf78scu61b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/31xnvej4n1bi9.js"],"default"] 1a:T866,

Methodology from Spivak, AC and J Ossolinski. 2016. Limited effects of nutrient enrichment on bacterial carbon sources in salt marsh tidal creek sediments. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 544:107-130. 10.3354/meps11587

Sediment samples for organic matter composition were collected by placing a hard plastic sleeve around a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) corer (5 cm diameter x 15 cm deep) and then removing the corer. The plastic sleeve remained in place to maintain the integrity of the sediment column and mark the core location. The top 0.5 cm of each core was collected into pre-combusted vials and frozen (-80 deg C) until analysis for total organic carbon content and stable isotopes (d13C). Samples were dried to constant mass (60 deg C), homogenized with a Retsch Mixer Mill 200, and acidified to remove carbonates prior to analysis by the WHOI Organic Mass Spectrometry Facility with a Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer interfaced to Finnigan-MAT DeltaPlus isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). Isotopic data are reported as d-values in units of per mil (0/00). For sediments from the isotope labeling experiments, resulting d-values were converted to atom % to calculate excess 13C (absolute amount 13C incorporated), using the equations:

where VPDB is the Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite standard (0.011237) and concentrations are expressed in moles carbon per m2, by accounting for sediment bulk density (0.52 g cm-3) and core depth (0.5 cm). Sediment samples collected just prior to application of 13C-labeled NaHCO3 or S. alterniflora detritus served as controls.

1b:T88e,Extracted from the NSF award abstract: This project will address how rates of benthic microalgal production respond to eutrophication and geomorphological changes in human-impacted tidal creeks. Excess nutrient loading increases benthic algal biomass and likely stimulates production rates but the magnitude of nutrient and geomorphological effects on rates of production is unknown. Will changes in benthic algal productivity affect algal-bacterial coupling? Furthermore, how is algal-bacterial coupling affected by geomorphological changes, which may be exacerbated by excess nutrient loading but can also occur in pristine marshes? This project will take advantage of the infrastructure of the TIDE project, a long-term saltmarsh eutrophication experiment at the Plum Island Ecosystem - Long Term Ecological Research site in Northeastern Massachusetts. Specifically, the PIs will measure benthic metabolism and examine algal- bacterial coupling in fertilized and ambient nutrient tidal creeks in the first field season. The following field season, they will compare sediment metabolism and carbon dynamics on slumped tidal creek walls (i.e. areas where low marsh has collapsed into the tidal creek) to that on the bottom of tidal creeks. In both years, gross and net production will be determined using an innovative triple oxygen isotope technique and traditional dissolved oxygen and inorganic carbon flux measurements. Comparisons between these methods will be useful in informing studies of sediment metabolism. Lipid biomarkers will be used to characterize the sources of organic matter to creek sediments, and stable isotope analysis of bacterial specific biomarkers to identify the sources of organic carbon utilized by sediment bacteria. The biomarkers will reveal whether sediment bacteria use organic matter substrates, such as benthic microalgal carbon, selectively or in proportion to availability. Overall, results from the proposed study will provide important information about how sediment carbon dynamics in shallow tidal creeks respond to long term eutrophication. Furthermore, findings will enhance understanding of the role of tidal creeks in coastal biogeochemistry.6:["$","$L19",null,{"dataset":{"_id":"668475","description":"

Raw sediment C isotope values.

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BCO-DMO Data Processing Notes:

-reformatted column names to comply with BCO-DMO standards.

\n","bcodmoProcessing":"","title":"Raw sediment C isotope values collected in Massachusetts from 2012 to 2015","nickname":"Bulk sediment isotope data","dataUrl":"","currentState":"Final no updates expected","currentStateId":"7","validated":true,"restricted":false,"version":"1","version_date":"2016-12-02T05:00:00.000Z","abstract":"Raw sediment C isotope values collected in Massachusetts from 2012 to 2015","citation":"Spivak, A. (2016) Raw sediment C isotope values collected in Massachusetts from 2012 to 2015. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2016-12-02 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/668475 [access date]","citationParts":{"identifier":"http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/668475","versionDate":"2016-12-02","versionId":"1","year":"2016","title":"Raw sediment C isotope values collected in Massachusetts from 2012 to 2015","authors":"Spivak, A.","publisher":"Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)."},"doi":"","release_date":null,"field_dataset_location":"","temporal_extent":{"start":"2012-01-01T05:00:00.000Z","end":"2015-12-31T05:00:00.000Z"},"temporal":{"resolution":"time:unitYear","type":"time:Interval","start":{"value":"1325394000","label":"2012"},"end":{"value":"1451538000","label":"2015"}},"spatial_extent":{"shape":"","center":{"latitude":0,"longitude":0},"wkt":"","north":0,"east":0,"south":0,"west":0},"dataset_type":["experimental"],"keywords":["oceans"],"data_files":[{"id":"901318","title":"bulkSediment.csv","url":"https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/dataset/668475/file/GwwAJ6Qhn5L72/bulkSediment.csv","showTableUrl":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/668475/data/view/901318","description":"Primary data file for dataset ID 668475","filename":"bulkSediment.csv","bytesize":3260,"checksum":{"value":"ae4796245d767885487a71bcf1141063","Algorithm":{"_id":"190","name":"MD5"}},"mimetype":"text/csv","fileType":{"_id":"192","name":"Comma Separated Values (.csv)"},"isErddap":"","date":"","isPublicDuringEmbargo":false,"primaryDataFile":true,"showTable":true,"restricted":false}],"supplemental_files":[],"roles":[{"role":{"_id":"138","name":"Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"529580","name":"Amanda Spivak"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"2","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}},{"role":{"_id":"145","name":"BCO-DMO Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"650173","name":"Hannah Ake"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"191","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}}],"deployments":[{"_id":"668449","name":"Spivak_2012","synonyms":[],"dates":{"start":"2012-09-01T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2015-08-15T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"658580","name":"shoreside Massachusetts"},"chiefScientists":[]}],"funding":[{"_id":"529582","name":"OCE-1233678","fundingSource":{"_id":"355","name":"NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1233678"}],"instruments":[{"_id":"668487","name":"1108 Elemental analyzer","description":"Used for analysis","type_id":"546339","type_name":"Elemental Analyzer","type_desc":"Instruments that quantify carbon, nitrogen and sometimes other elements by combusting the sample at very high temperature and assaying the resulting gaseous oxides. Usually used for samples including organic material.","type_acronym":""},{"_id":"668488","name":"Retsch Mixer Mill 200","description":"Used to homogenize samples","type_id":"522984","type_name":"Homogenizer","type_desc":"A homogenizer is a piece of laboratory equipment used for the homogenization of various types of material, such as tissue, plant, food, soil, and many others.","type_acronym":"Homogenizer "},{"_id":"668485","name":"Hewlett-Packard 6890 GC interfaced to a DeltaPlus IRMS","description":"Usted to determine stable isotope ratios","type_id":"469","type_name":"Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer","type_desc":"The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer).","type_acronym":"IR Mass Spec; IRMS"},{"_id":"668481","name":"polyvinyl chloride (PVC) corer","description":"5 cm diameter x 15 cm deep","type_id":"628287","type_name":"Push Corer","type_desc":"Capable of being performed in numerous environments, push coring is just as it sounds. Push coring is simply pushing the core barrel (often an aluminum or polycarbonate tube) into the sediment by hand. A push core is useful in that it causes very little disturbance to the more delicate upper layers of a sub-aqueous sediment.\r\n\r\nDescription obtained from: http://web.whoi.edu/coastal-group/about/how-we-work/field-methods/coring/","type_acronym":""}],"parameters":[{"_id":"668489","name":"month","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Month samples were collected; mm

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1115","name":"month","description":"

Month of year; numeric 1 to 12.

"}},{"_id":"668490","name":"core_ID","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Core ID

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"785","name":"core_id","description":"

Core identification number or label; often used with ice, rock, sediment, or coral cores.

"}},{"_id":"668491","name":"estuary","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Estuary where samples were collected.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1124","name":"site","description":"

Sampling site identification.

"}},{"_id":"668492","name":"time","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Time refers to the number of hours elapsed since application of the 13C label. The 0 h interval represents samples collected immediately before label application.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"hours"},"type":{"_id":"1075","name":"time","description":"

Time GMT defined as HHMM; time of day; generally reported in GMT as HHMM (hours and minutes) but may also be HH.H (decimal hours) or HHMMSS (hours; minutes and seconds); in EqPac time is reported as Hawaii local time

"}},{"_id":"668493","name":"experiment","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Experiment refers to whether the 13C label was added as NaHCO3 (i.e. BMA) or S. alterniflora (i.e. S. alt) detritus.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"489066","name":"treatment","description":"

Experimental conditions applied to experimental units. In comparative experiments, members of the complementary group, the control group, receive either no treatment or a standard treatment.

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Total organic carbon content and stable isotopes.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"per mil"},"type":{"_id":"559084","name":"d13C_bio","description":"

delta 13C (d13C) measurements on living (at the time of sampling) organisms or parts thereof. d13C is a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes 13C:12C, reported in parts per thousand (per mil, ‰).

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