http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/685783
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2017-03-24
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Carbon flux for the Caribbean giant barrel sponge Xestospongia muta (Sponge-loop)
2017-03-27
publication
2017-03-27
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2017-03-27
publication
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.685952
Christopher Finelli
University of North Carolina - Wilmington
principalInvestigator
Steven McMurray
University of North Carolina - Wilmington
principalInvestigator
Joseph Pawlik
University of North Carolina - Wilmington
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Finelli, C., Pawlik, J., McMurray, S. (2017) Carbon flux for the Caribbean giant barrel sponge Xestospongia muta (Sponge-loop). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Version Date 2017-03-27 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.685952 [access date]
Sponge species carbon flux Dataset Description: <p>This dataset includes flux measurements of dissolved, particulate and total organic carbon associated with the Caribbean giant barrel sponge <em>Xestospongia muta</em> on Conch Reef, Key Largo, FL in June 2013.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p>Suspension feeding by <em>Xestospongia muta</em> was investigated <em>in situ</em> on Conch Reef (24°56’59”N; 80°27’13”W), Key Largo, Florida in June of 2013. Food availability is known to vary temporally on Conch Reef (e.g. McMurray <em>et al.</em> 2016); therefore, a total of 32 individuals were haphazardly selected for study at 20 m depth over the course of 6 days (5-6 sponges day<sup>-1</sup>) to quantify feeding rates over a large natural range of food abundances. Individuals spanned a broad range of sizes, however only individuals with a single osculum were included.</p>
<p>A total of 1 L of both incurrent (ambient) and excurrent seawater was collected from each sponge over a 5 minute sampling interval with paired 100 mL syringes as previously described (McMurray <em>et al.</em> 2016). Following seawater sample collection, the dimensions of each sponge were measured and the morphology of <em>X. muta</em> was approximated as a frustum of a cone to obtain sponge volume estimates (McMurray, Blum &amp; Pawlik 2008). Estimates of sponge pumping rates were derived from the equation <em>Q</em> = 0.02 <em>V</em><sup>1.1</sup> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, <em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.78; McMurray et al. 2014), where <em>Q</em> is the pumping rate (ml s<sup>-1</sup>) and <em>V</em> is sponge volume (cm<sup>3</sup>)</p>
<p>Particulate and dissolved organic carbon (POC and DOC, respectively) in incurrent and excurrent seawater was quantified as previously described (McMurray <em>et al.</em> 2016). Briefly, each sample was filtered through a 100 μm mesh and subsequently through a pre-combusted GF/F glass fiber filter. In the laboratory, POC on filters was measured using a CE Elantech NC2100 elemental analyzer; DOC in filtrate samples was measured using high temperature catalytic oxidation with a Shimadzu TOC 5050 analyzer. <em>Xestospongia muta</em> hosts symbiotic microbes which may contribute to DOC retention rates (Maldonado, Ribes &amp; van Duyl 2012); therefore carbon flux estimates reported here consider the sponge as a holobiont.</p>
<p>To assess the effects of sponge feeding on POC and DOC, differences in the concentration of each food type between incurrent and excurrent seawater were analyzed using paired <em>t</em>-tests. For each sponge, POC and DOC consumed were calculated as the difference between the quantities of each food resource in incurrent and excurrent seawater samples. To investigate selective feeding on food resource types, and if relative foraging effort between food resources varied as a function of relative food availability (McMurray <em>et al.</em> 2016), the log<sub>10</sub>-transformed ratio of POC:DOC consumed was regressed against the log<sub>10</sub>-transformed ratio of incurrent POC:DOC concentration (van Leeuwen <em>et al.</em> 2013). A one-tailed <em>t</em>-test was used to test if the slope of this regression was greater than a slope of 1 to examine frequency-dependent food consumption.</p>
<p>Retention efficiency of each food resource was calculated as:</p>
<p>RE =&nbsp;(Cin&nbsp;-&nbsp;Cex)/C<sub>in</sub> x 100</p>
<p>where <em>RE</em> is the retention efficiency (%), and <em>C<sub>in</sub></em> and <em>C<sub>ex</sub></em> are the incurrent and excurrent quantities of each food resource (μM), respectively. The filtration rate for each food resource was calculated as:&nbsp;</p>
<p>FR = (C<sub>in</sub>&nbsp;-&nbsp;C<sub>ex</sub>) x Q</p>
<p>where <em>FR</em> is the filtration rate (μmol C s<sup>-1</sup>). Ordinary least squares regression was used to examine how filtration rates for each food resource scaled with sponge size. Filtration rates were standardized by sponge volume to obtain specific filtration rates (μmol C s<sup>-1</sup> L<sup>-1</sup>). The relationship between specific filtration rate and log<sub>e</sub>-transformed incurrent food abundance for each food resource was described by ordinary least squares regression.</p>
<p><strong>These data&nbsp;were published </strong><strong>in:</strong><br />
McMurray, S.E. 2015. The Dynamics of Sponge Populations and Benthic-pelagic Carbon Flux on Coral Reefs. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of North Carolina Wilmington.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1558580 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1558580
completed
Christopher Finelli
University of North Carolina - Wilmington
910-962-3487
Department of Biology and Marine Biology 601 S. College Rd
Wilmington
NC
28403
USA
finellic@uncw.edu
pointOfContact
Steven McMurray
University of North Carolina - Wilmington
(567) 623-4874
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve 2514 Cleveland Road East
Huron
OH
44839
USA
steven.mcmurray@dnr.ohio.gov
pointOfContact
Joseph Pawlik
University of North Carolina - Wilmington
910-962-2378
Center for Marine Science 5600 Marvin Moss Lane
Wilmington
NC
28409-5928
USA
pawlikj@uncw.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Unknown
spongeid
watersampdate
spongevolume
volflow
DOCin
DOCex
DOCconsumed
DOCre
frDOC
spFRdoc
POCin
POCex
POCconsumed
POCre
frPOC
spFRpoc
TOCin
TOCex
TOCconsumed
TOCre
frTOC
spFRtoc
CE Elantech NC2100 elemental analyzer
Shimadzu TOC 5050 analyzer
theme
None, User defined
sample identification
date
volume
No BCO-DMO term
dissolved organic Carbon
particulate organic Carbon (POC)
total organic Carbon
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Elemental Analyzer
Elemental Analyzer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
McMurray_UNCW
service
Deployment Activity
Conch Reef, Key Largo, Florida, USA
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Testing the sponge-loop hypothesis for Caribbean coral reefs
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/676143
Testing the sponge-loop hypothesis for Caribbean coral reefs
<p><em>NSF Abstract:</em><br />
Sponges are bottom-dwelling animals that dominate Caribbean reefs now that reef-building corals have been declining for decades. Sponges feed by filtering huge volumes of seawater, providing a mechanism for recycling organic material back to the reef. A new theory has been proposed called the "sponge-loop hypothesis" that is potentially the most important new concept in marine ecology in many years, because it seeks to explain Darwin's Paradox: how do highly productive and diverse coral reefs grow in desert-like tropical seas? The sponge loop hypothesis proposes that sponges on coral reefs absorb the large quantities of dissolved organic carbon (molecules such as carbohydrates) that are released by seaweeds and corals and return it to the reef as particles in the form of living and dead cells, or other cellular debris. This project will use a rigorous set of techniques to test the sponge-loop hypothesis in the field on ten of the largest and most common sponges on Caribbean reefs. For each species, the contributions of particles and dissolved organic carbon to sponge nutrition will be measured, as well as the production of cellular particles in the seawater flowing out of the sponge. For selected sponge species, the concentration of dissolved organic carbon entering the sponge will be experimentally enhanced to determine the capacity of the sponge to absorb this potential food source, and to gauge its effect on the production of cellular particles. This project will provide STEM education and training for postdoctoral, graduate and undergraduate students and public outreach in the form of easily accessible educational videos. Further, this project is important for understanding the carbon cycle on coral reefs where the effects of climate change and ocean acidification may be tipping the competitive balance toward non-reef-building organisms, such as sponges.</p>
<p>The cycling of carbon from the water-column to the benthos is central to marine ecosystem function; for coral reefs, this process begins with photosynthesis by seaweeds and coral symbionts, which then exude a substantial portion of fixed carbon as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that may be lost to currents and tides. But if sponges, with their enormous water filtering capacity, can return DOC from the water column to the reef, it would represent a major unrecognized source of carbon cycling. The "sponge-loop hypothesis" has the potential to transform our understanding of carbon cycling on coral reefs. Building on preliminary data from studies of the giant barrel sponge, this project will investigate each of the three components of the sponge-loop hypothesis for ten common barrel, vase and tube-forming species that span a range of associations with microbial symbionts, from high microbial abundance (HMA) to low microbial abundance (LMA) in the sponge tissue. Specifically, the experimental approach will include InEx techniques (comparative sampling of seawater immediately before and after passage through the sponge), velocimetry, and flow cytometry to determine whether each species consumes DOC and produces particulate organic carbon (POC) in the form of cellular detritus. Then, for species that consume DOC, the same techniques will be used in manipulative experiments that augment the amount of DOC from three categories (labile, semi-labile and refractory) to determine the types of DOC consumed by sponges. In addition to testing the sponge-loop hypothesis, this project will use molecular techniques to investigate the differences among HMA and LMA sponge species, targeting the microbial symbionts that may be responsible for DOC uptake.</p>
Sponge_Loop
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
biota
oceans
Conch Reef, Key Largo, Florida, USA
-80.45361
-80.45361
24.94972
24.94972
2013-05-01
2013-05-01
Conch Reef, Key Largo, Florida, USA; Carrie Bow Cay, Belize
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Carbon flux for the Caribbean giant barrel sponge Xestospongia muta (Sponge-loop)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685798.rdf
Name: spongeid
Units: unitless
Description: <p>unique identifier for each sponge sampled</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685799.rdf
Name: watersampdate
Units: unitless
Description: <p>date of water sample formatted as yyyy-mm-dd</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685800.rdf
Name: spongevolume
Units: cubic centimeters (cm3)
Description: <p>volume of each sponge</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685801.rdf
Name: volflow
Units: milliliters/second (ml/s)
Description: <p>volume flow (i.e pumping rate) for each sponge</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685802.rdf
Name: DOCin
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>dissolved organic carbon in incurrent water samples</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685803.rdf
Name: DOCex
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>dissolved organic carbon in excurrent water samples</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685804.rdf
Name: DOCconsumed
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>dissolved organic carbon consumed by sponges</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685805.rdf
Name: DOCre
Units: percent
Description: <p>sponge retention efficiency for dissolved organic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685806.rdf
Name: frDOC
Units: micromoles/second (umol/s)
Description: <p>sponge filtration rate of dissolved organic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685807.rdf
Name: spFRdoc
Units: micromoles/second/liter (umol/s/L sponge)
Description: <p>specific sponge filtration rate of dissolved organic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685808.rdf
Name: POCin
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>particulate organic carbon in incurrent water samples</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685809.rdf
Name: POCex
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>particulate organic carbon in excurrent water samples</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685810.rdf
Name: POCconsumed
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>particulate organic carbon consumed by sponges</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685811.rdf
Name: POCre
Units: percent
Description: <p>sponge retention efficiency for particulate organic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685812.rdf
Name: frPOC
Units: micromoles/second (umol/s)
Description: <p>sponge filtration rate of particulate organic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685813.rdf
Name: spFRpoc
Units: micromoles/second/liter (umol/s/L sponge)
Description: <p>specific sponge filtration rate of particulate organic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685814.rdf
Name: TOCin
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>total organic carbon in incurrent water samples</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685815.rdf
Name: TOCex
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>total organic carbon in excurrent water samples</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685816.rdf
Name: TOCconsumed
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>total organic carbon consumed by sponges</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685817.rdf
Name: TOCre
Units: percent
Description: <p>sponge retention efficiency for total organic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685818.rdf
Name: frTOC
Units: micromoles/second (umol/s)
Description: <p>sponge filtration rate of total organic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/685819.rdf
Name: spFRtoc
Units: micromoles/second/liter (umol/s/L sponge)
Description: <p>specific sponge filtration rate of total organic carbon</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
5977
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/8835/1/data_carbon-flux.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.685952
download
onLine
dataset
<p>Suspension feeding by <em>Xestospongia muta</em> was investigated <em>in situ</em> on Conch Reef (24°56’59”N; 80°27’13”W), Key Largo, Florida in June of 2013. Food availability is known to vary temporally on Conch Reef (e.g. McMurray <em>et al.</em> 2016); therefore, a total of 32 individuals were haphazardly selected for study at 20 m depth over the course of 6 days (5-6 sponges day<sup>-1</sup>) to quantify feeding rates over a large natural range of food abundances. Individuals spanned a broad range of sizes, however only individuals with a single osculum were included.</p>
<p>A total of 1 L of both incurrent (ambient) and excurrent seawater was collected from each sponge over a 5 minute sampling interval with paired 100 mL syringes as previously described (McMurray <em>et al.</em> 2016). Following seawater sample collection, the dimensions of each sponge were measured and the morphology of <em>X. muta</em> was approximated as a frustum of a cone to obtain sponge volume estimates (McMurray, Blum &amp; Pawlik 2008). Estimates of sponge pumping rates were derived from the equation <em>Q</em> = 0.02 <em>V</em><sup>1.1</sup> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, <em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.78; McMurray et al. 2014), where <em>Q</em> is the pumping rate (ml s<sup>-1</sup>) and <em>V</em> is sponge volume (cm<sup>3</sup>)</p>
<p>Particulate and dissolved organic carbon (POC and DOC, respectively) in incurrent and excurrent seawater was quantified as previously described (McMurray <em>et al.</em> 2016). Briefly, each sample was filtered through a 100 μm mesh and subsequently through a pre-combusted GF/F glass fiber filter. In the laboratory, POC on filters was measured using a CE Elantech NC2100 elemental analyzer; DOC in filtrate samples was measured using high temperature catalytic oxidation with a Shimadzu TOC 5050 analyzer. <em>Xestospongia muta</em> hosts symbiotic microbes which may contribute to DOC retention rates (Maldonado, Ribes &amp; van Duyl 2012); therefore carbon flux estimates reported here consider the sponge as a holobiont.</p>
<p>To assess the effects of sponge feeding on POC and DOC, differences in the concentration of each food type between incurrent and excurrent seawater were analyzed using paired <em>t</em>-tests. For each sponge, POC and DOC consumed were calculated as the difference between the quantities of each food resource in incurrent and excurrent seawater samples. To investigate selective feeding on food resource types, and if relative foraging effort between food resources varied as a function of relative food availability (McMurray <em>et al.</em> 2016), the log<sub>10</sub>-transformed ratio of POC:DOC consumed was regressed against the log<sub>10</sub>-transformed ratio of incurrent POC:DOC concentration (van Leeuwen <em>et al.</em> 2013). A one-tailed <em>t</em>-test was used to test if the slope of this regression was greater than a slope of 1 to examine frequency-dependent food consumption.</p>
<p>Retention efficiency of each food resource was calculated as:</p>
<p>RE =&nbsp;(Cin&nbsp;-&nbsp;Cex)/C<sub>in</sub> x 100</p>
<p>where <em>RE</em> is the retention efficiency (%), and <em>C<sub>in</sub></em> and <em>C<sub>ex</sub></em> are the incurrent and excurrent quantities of each food resource (μM), respectively. The filtration rate for each food resource was calculated as:&nbsp;</p>
<p>FR = (C<sub>in</sub>&nbsp;-&nbsp;C<sub>ex</sub>) x Q</p>
<p>where <em>FR</em> is the filtration rate (μmol C s<sup>-1</sup>). Ordinary least squares regression was used to examine how filtration rates for each food resource scaled with sponge size. Filtration rates were standardized by sponge volume to obtain specific filtration rates (μmol C s<sup>-1</sup> L<sup>-1</sup>). The relationship between specific filtration rate and log<sub>e</sub>-transformed incurrent food abundance for each food resource was described by ordinary least squares regression.</p>
<p><strong>These data&nbsp;were published </strong><strong>in:</strong><br />
McMurray, S.E. 2015. The Dynamics of Sponge Populations and Benthic-pelagic Carbon Flux on Coral Reefs. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of North Carolina Wilmington.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Analyses were conducted with SAS (version 9.1.3 for Windows; SAS Institute) and SPSS (version 14.0.0 for Windows; SPSS) statistical software.</p>
<p><strong>BCO-DMO Processing Notes:</strong><br />
- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date<br />
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions<br />
- re-formatted date from m/d/yyyy to yyyy-mm-dd<br />
- replaced DOCre (proportion) data with data*100 (percent)</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
CE Elantech NC2100 elemental analyzer
CE Elantech NC2100 elemental analyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: CE Elantech NC2100 elemental analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Used to measure POC Instrument Name: Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments that quantify carbon, nitrogen and sometimes other elements by combusting the sample at very high temperature and assaying the resulting gaseous oxides. Usually used for samples including organic material. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB01/
Shimadzu TOC 5050 analyzer
Shimadzu TOC 5050 analyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Shimadzu TOC 5050 analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Used to measure DOC Instrument Name: Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments that quantify carbon, nitrogen and sometimes other elements by combusting the sample at very high temperature and assaying the resulting gaseous oxides. Usually used for samples including organic material. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB01/
Deployment: McMurray_UNCW
McMurray_UNCW
UNCW
laboratory
UNCW
laboratory