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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Lovenduski, N. (1969) Selected output from the hindcast simulation (1948 to 2007) of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Biogeochemical Elemental Cycle (BEC) for the Southern Ocean (SO Carb Chem Change project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/706151 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Selected output from the hindcast simulation of CESM1-BEC for the Southern Ocean Dataset Description: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This dataset contains selected output from the hindcast simulation (1948 to 2007)&amp;amp;nbsp;of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Biogeochemical Elemental Cycle (BEC) for the Southern Ocean. &amp;amp;nbsp;These data were&amp;amp;nbsp;utilized in Lovenduski et al. (2013) to investigate multi-decadal trends in advection, mixing, and&amp;amp;nbsp;sea-air flux of natural carbon dioxide (CO2). &amp;amp;nbsp;60 yearly&amp;amp;nbsp;output files (1948 to 2007) &amp;amp;nbsp;are available&amp;amp;nbsp;by pressing the &amp;quot;Get Data&amp;quot; button. &amp;amp;nbsp;The files are available to download individually (54 GB total) or as a .tar.gz compressed file containing all 60 files (32 GB).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;References:&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Lovenduski, N. S.,&amp;amp;nbsp;M. C. Long,&amp;amp;nbsp;P. R. Gent, and&amp;amp;nbsp;K. Lindsay&amp;amp;nbsp;(2013),&amp;amp;nbsp;Multi-decadal trends in the advection and mixing of natural carbon in the Southern Ocean,&amp;amp;nbsp;Geophys. Res. Lett.,&amp;amp;nbsp;40,&amp;amp;nbsp;139–142, doi:&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL054483&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;10.1029/2012GL054483&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The hindcast output was generated with version 1.0 of the&amp;amp;nbsp;Community Earth System Model (CESM). The CESM is freely available at the&amp;amp;nbsp;CESM website (&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://www.cesm.ucar.edu/&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;http://www.cesm.ucar.edu/&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;).&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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&lt;p&gt;The Southern Ocean is a source of great uncertainty and large potential change in predictions of the future carbon-climate system. In this project, a research team at the University of Colorado at Boulder will develop improved numerical models to better predict the rate of Southern Ocean carbon uptake over the next several decades to centuries. This will require a thorough understanding of the variable and changing carbonate chemistry of the Southern Ocean, including better constraints on the present-day mean state and seasonal cycle, quantification of past variability, and characterization of key processes driving change in the future. The primary numerical tool for this project will be the Community Earth System Model (CESM), a state-of-the-art Earth system model with fully interactive marine ecosystem and global carbon modules. Output from hindcast and 21st century CESM simulations, hydrographic data, and satellite data products will be used to understand model biases, interpret variability, and quantify carbon-climate feedback strength.&lt;/p&gt;
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