Initial field conditions at Kane‘ohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii and abundances of Parvocalanus crassirostris and Bestilina similis nauplii, May/June 2013 (EAGER: Copepod nauplii project)

Website: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/712344
Data Type: experimental
Version: 1
Version Date: 2017-08-07

Project
» EAGER: New molecular methods for studying copepod nauplii in the field (EAGER: Copepod nauplii)
ContributorsAffiliationRole
Goetze, EricaUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa (SOEST)Principal Investigator
Jungbluth, MichelleUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa (SOEST)Student
Copley, NancyWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)BCO-DMO Data Manager

Abstract
This dataset reports initial community conditions in Kane'ohe Bay including temperature, salinity, chlorophyll and naupliar abundance of two species of calanoid copepods, Parvocalanus crassirostris and Bestiolina similis as measured by microscopic counts and qPCR. These data are published in MEPS (2017) and are the result of M. Jungbluth's Ph.D. thesis work.


Coverage

Spatial Extent: Lat:21.432 Lon:-157.78
Temporal Extent: 2013-05-27 - 2013-06-05

Methods & Sampling

From Jungbluth et al. 2017 – MEPS:

Estimates of in situ naupliar abundance

Naupliar abundances of the 2 target species in situ were estimated using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based method (Jungbluth et al. 2013), as well as microscopic counts of calanoid and cyclopoid nauplii. The qPCR-based method allows application of individual species grazing rates to in situ abundances to estimate the total potential grazing impact of each species. Samples were collected by duplicate vertical microplankton net tows (0.5 m diameter ring net, 63 µm mesh) from near bottom (10 m depth) to the surface with a low speed flow meter (General Oceanics). The contents of each net were split quantitatively. One half was size-fractionated through a series of 5 Nitex sieves (63, 75, 80, 100, and 123 µm) to separate size groups of nauplii from later developmental stages, and each was preserved in 95% non-denatured ethyl alcohol (EtOH). The second half of the sample was preserved immediately in 95% EtOH for counts of total calanoid and total cyclopoid nauplii, which were used for comparison to the qPCR-based results of the abundance of each calanoid species. All samples were stored on ice in the field until being transferred to a -20°C freezer in the laboratory. EtOH in the sample bottles was replaced with fresh EtOH within 12 to 24 h of collection to ensure high-quality DNA for analysis (Bucklin 2000).

The 3 smallest plankton size fractions from the net collection were analyzed with qPCR to enumerate P. crassirostris and B. similis nauplius abundances (Jungbluth et al. 2013). In brief, DNA was extracted from 3 plankton size fractions (63, 75, and 80 µm) using a modified QIAamp Mini Kit procedure (Qiagen). The total number of DNA copies in each sample was then measured using species-specific DNA primers and qPCR protocols (Jungbluth et al. 2013). On each qPCR plate, 4 to 5 standards spanning 4 to 5 orders of magnitude in DNA copy number were run along with the 2 biological replicates of a size fraction for each sampling date along with a no template control (NTC), all in triplicate. A range of 0.04 to 1 ng µl-1 of total DNA per sample was measured on each plate ensuring that the range of standards encompassed the amplification range of samples, with equal total DNA concentrations run in each well on individual plates. In all cases, amplification efficiencies ranged from 92 to 102%, and melt-curves indicated amplification of only the target species. The qPCR estimate of each species' mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (COI) DNA copy number was converted to an estimate of nauplius abundance using methods described in Jungbluth et al. (2013).

Conditions

Salinity and temperature in the field were measured using a YSI 6600V2 sonde prior to collecting water for bottle incubations. For chl a, triplicate 305 ml samples were filtered onto GF/Fs (Whatman), flash-frozen (LN2), and kept at -80°C freezer until measurements were made 4 mo later. Chl a (and phaeopigment) was measured using a Turner Designs (model 10AU) fluorometer, using the standard extraction and acidification technique (Yentsch & Menzel 1963, Strickland & Parsons 1972).

For complete methodology, see the Supplemental Files section.


Data Processing Description

BCO-DMO Processing:
- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions
- reformatted date from d-Mon-yy to yyyy-mm-dd


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Data Files

File
physical_MEPS.csv
(Comma Separated Values (.csv), 592 bytes)
MD5:87e448a80d0674c8af90f6c9806eb04f
Primary data file for dataset ID 712344

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Supplemental Files

File
Full Methodology - naupliar grazing expts.
filename: Jungbluth_etal_MEPS_2017_Methodology.pdf
(Portable Document Format (.pdf), 599.55 KB)
MD5:12d9d0250b1a8a2e3bac5812c5dd2b6a
Methodology for datasets from project “New molecular methods for studying copepod nauplii in the
field” (EAGER: Copepod nauplii) https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/473049

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Related Publications

Jungbluth MJ (2016) Copepod nauplii and their roles in planktonic marine food webs. Oceanography Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii. https://pqdtopen.proquest.com/pubnum/10587374.html
Results
Jungbluth, M., Selph, K., Lenz, P., & Goetze, E. (2017). Species-specific grazing and significant trophic impacts by two species of copepod nauplii, Parvocalanus crassirostris and Bestiolina similis. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 572, 57–76. doi:10.3354/meps12139
Results

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Related Datasets

IsRelatedTo
Goetze, E. (2021) Copepods Parvocalanus crassirostris and Bestiolina similis naupliar ingestion and clearance rates on natural prey assemblages from Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 2013 (MEPS 2017) (EAGER: Copepod nauplii project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2017-09-01 doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.712293.1 [view at BCO-DMO]
IsReferencedBy
Goetze, E. (2021) Initial prey abundances for copepod grazing experiments in the Kaneohe Bay, HI, May-June 2013 (MEPS 2017) (EAGER: Copepod nauplii project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2017-09-01 doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.712626.1 [view at BCO-DMO]

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Parameters

ParameterDescriptionUnits
experimentexperiment number unitless
date_locallocal date formatted as yyyy-mm-dd unitless
latlatitude; north is positive decimal degrees
lonlongitude; east is positive decimal degrees
salseawater salinity ppt
tempseawater temperature degrees celcius
chl_achlorophyll-a concentration micrograms/liter
chl_std_errstandard error of chl_a concentration micrograms/liter
counted_total_naupliicounted abundance of total nauplius population nauplii/liter
counted_total_nauplii_sestandard error of counted_total_nauplii nauplii/liter
qPCR_Parvocalanusabundance of Parvocalanus crassirostris nauplii based on qPCR nauplii/liter
qPCR_Parvocalanus_sestandard error of qPCR_Parvocalanus nauplii/liter
qPCR_Bestiolinaabundance of Bestiolina similis nauplii based on qPCR nauplii/liter
qPCR_Bestiolina_sestandard error fo qPCR_Bestiolina nauplii/liter


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Instruments

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
microplankton net
Generic Instrument Name
Plankton Net
Dataset-specific Description
0.5 m diameter ring net, 63 µm mesh
Generic Instrument Description
A Plankton Net is a generic term for a sampling net that is used to collect plankton. It is used only when detailed instrument documentation is not available.

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
General Oceanics Digital Flowmeter
Generic Instrument Name
Flow Meter
Dataset-specific Description
Low velocity rotor
Generic Instrument Description
General term for a sensor that quantifies the rate at which fluids (e.g. water or air) pass through sensor packages, instruments, or sampling devices. A flow meter may be mechanical, optical, electromagnetic, etc.

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Generic Instrument Name
Microscope - Optical
Generic Instrument Description
Instruments that generate enlarged images of samples using the phenomena of reflection and absorption of visible light. Includes conventional and inverted instruments. Also called a "light microscope".

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Roche LC96 thermalcycler
Generic Instrument Name
qPCR Thermal Cycler
Generic Instrument Description
An instrument for quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), also known as real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time PCR).


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Deployments

Goetze_2012-2013

Website
Platform
lab UHawaii_SOEST
Start Date
2012-03-16
End Date
2013-06-05
Description
microzooplankton studies


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Project Information

EAGER: New molecular methods for studying copepod nauplii in the field (EAGER: Copepod nauplii)

Coverage: Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii


Description from NSF Award Abstract:
The most abundant metazoans in the open sea are often the earliest developmental stages of copepods, their nauplii. Nauplii remain under-studied due to the limitations of conventional techniques and an historical emphasis on studying the larger mesozooplankton. However, there is increasing recognition that nauplii play important roles in food web dynamics, and considerable evidence that nauplii may be important trophic intermediaries between microbial and classical food webs due to their high abundance, high weight-specific ingestion rates, and ability to feed on relatively small particles. This team of investigators is developing a novel molecular approach to studying diverse populations of nauplii in mixed field samples based on quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). They propose to complete development and validation of this qPCR-based technique for enumeration of nauplii, and evaluate its utility in the field. The specific objectives of this research are to identify and reduce technical and biological sources of error in the methodology, determine the accuracy of the method across a range of environmental conditions, and complete one paired field experiment that compares the grazing impact of naupliar and protozoan micro-grazers in a model subtropical coastal ecosystem.

Note: This project is funded by an NSF EAGER award.

Related publications:
Jungbluth, M.J., Goetze, E., and Lenz, P.H. 2013. Measuring copepod naupliar abundance in a subtropical bay using quantitative PCR. Marine Biology, 160: 3125-3141. doi: 10.1007/s00227-013-2300-y

Jungbluth, M.J., and Lenz, P.H. 2013. Copepod diversity in a subtropical bay based on a fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene. Journal of Plankton Research, 35(3): 630-643. doi: 10.1093/plankt/fbt015



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Funding

Funding SourceAward
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE)

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