http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/713965
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2017-08-28
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Methane concentrations from depths of 5 to 175 meters at Station ALOHA collected during Hawaii Ocean Time-Series cruises between 2008 and 2016
2017-08-28
publication
2017-08-28
revision
BCO-DMO Linked Data URI
2017-08-28
creation
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/713965
Angelicque E. White
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
principalInvestigator
David M. Karl
University of Hawai'i
principalInvestigator
Samuel T. Wilson
University of Hawai'i
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Wilson, S. T., Karl, D. M., White, A. E. (2017) Methane concentrations from depths of 5 to 175 meters at Station ALOHA collected during Hawaii Ocean Time-Series cruises between 2008 and 2016. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2017-08-28 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/713965 [access date]
Methane concentrations (depths of 5-175 m) at Station ALOHA (2008-2016) Dataset Description: <p>Methane concentrations (depths of 5-175 m) at Station ALOHA (2008-2016).&nbsp;This dataset includes temperature, salinity, depth, density, atmospheric methane, theoretical methane concentration, and measured methane concentration.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p>The following describes the methodology for both this dataset (methane) as well as the nitrous oxide dataset because the analyses were completed concurrently. Please see Related Datasets section below for N2O results.</p>
<p><strong>Water sampling</strong><br />
Samples were collected using specially-designed 12L Niskin® bottles connected to a rosette with a Sea-Bird SBE 911Plus CTD package integrated into the system. The bottles were designed by John Bullister (NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)) to specifically minimize contamination for trace gases, in particular chlorofluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride (Bullister and Wisegarver, 2008).&nbsp;Seawater was dispensed using Tygon® tubing from the bottles into the bottom of 240 mL borosilicate bottles to at least two times overflowing ensuring the absence of bubbles.</p>
<p><strong>Sample preservation</strong><br />
The samples were preserved using 200 microliters of saturated mercuric chloride solution, crimp-sealed and stored in the dark at room temperature until analysis.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Analysis</strong><br />
Analysis of methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) was conducted simultaneously using a gas chromatography method (del Valle &amp; Karl, 2014; Wilson et al., 2014), typically 1 to 6 months after sample collection.&nbsp;Briefly, the water sample was transferred under positive pressure (supplied by helium gas) from the glass vials to a purge chamber fitted with a porous frit. The sample was then purged with ultra-high purity helium and the gas stream passed through a Nafion® dryer (Perma Pure LLC) and a Drierite® trap (VWR) to remove water vapor and then passed through an Ascarite trap to remove CO<sub>2</sub>, before being trapped on a packed sample loop (Porapak Q 80/100; Sigma-Aldrich) immersed in liquid nitrogen. After sparging for 10 minutes, the sample loop was heated and injected onto an analytical column (30 m x 0.32 mm GS-CarbonPLOT capillary column; J&amp;W Scientific) within a gas chromatograph (Agilent&nbsp;7890A) equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) and an electron capture detector (ECD).&nbsp;The carrier flow was alternated from the FID to the ECD using&nbsp;a Dean’s&nbsp;switch® (Agilent Technologies) which allowed the quantification of both CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O from a single sample.&nbsp;The oven temperature was typically maintained at 38°C, although this subsequently was decreased to 30°C in August 2016 to better resolve the CH<sub>4 &nbsp;</sub>peak when partial overlap with an O<sub>2</sub> peak occurred.<br />
<br />
<strong>Calibration</strong><br />
Calibration of the analytical system was conducted using gaseous standards purchased from Scott-Marin (CH<sub>4</sub>: 20.15 ± 1% ppmv; N<sub>2</sub>O: 4.81 ± 2% ppmv in a balance of N2) and NOAA (CH<sub>4</sub>: 1965.32&nbsp;ppbv; N2O: 357.56&nbsp;ppbv&nbsp;in a balance of air).&nbsp;From March 2016 onwards, the calibration for CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O was compared against reference standards prepared by John Bullister at NOAA PMEL on behalf of SCOR Working Group #143.&nbsp;In all instances, standards were injected prior to the purge and trap set-up and therefore passed through the purge chamber and gas drying apparatus.&nbsp;A linear curve was applied to the CH<sub>4</sub> calibration values and a polynomial curve was fitted to the N<sub>2</sub>O calibration values.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Precision and Accuracy</strong><br />
The precision of CH<sub>4</sub> measurements for surface seawater with concentrations of 2.57 ± 0.07 (SD) nmol kg<sup>-1</sup> (n=14), as calculated by the coefficient of variation, was 3%.&nbsp;The accuracy of CH<sub>4</sub> measurements was evaluated by analyzing filtered (0.2 μm) seawater samples that had been equilibrated with atmospheric air at a range of set temperatures between 19–27°C which were maintained using a water bath.&nbsp;The measured values agreed to within 2.4 ± 0.9% of predicted values.&nbsp;The precision of N<sub>2</sub>O measurements in surface seawater, with concentrations of 6.47 ± 0.14 (SD) nmol kg<sup>-1</sup> (n=14), as calculated by the coefficient of variation was 2%.&nbsp;Using the same air-equilibrated seawater set-up, as described for CH<sub>4</sub>, the accuracy of N<sub>2</sub>O measurements was 2.6 ± 1.9% of predicted values.</p>
<p><strong>Calculation</strong><br />
The sea-air flux (F, μmol m<sup>-2 </sup>d<sup>-1</sup> ) of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O was calculated as :&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;F = <em>k </em>(Cw -Ceq)<br />
where <em>k</em> is the gas transfer velocity (m d<sup>-1</sup>), Cw is the ambient concentration of the gas dissolved in water (μmol m<sup>-3</sup>), and Ceq is the concentration of the gas at equilibrium with the atmosphere. Ceq was determined from the solubility equations for N<sub>2</sub>O (Weiss and Price, 1980) and for CH<sub>4</sub> (Wiesenburg &amp; Guinasso, 1979), and using the atmospheric concentrations measured at the NOAA Mauna Loa Observatory and available online from NOAA's Global Monitoring Laboratory (Lan &amp; Keeling, 2025; Dlugokencky et al., 2016). The wind speed data, used to calculate<em> k</em>, for January 2009 to May 2016 were taken from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution-Hawaii Ocean Time-series Site (WHOTS) mooring (Upper Ocean Processes Group, 2024)&nbsp;and normalized to a height of 10 meters above sea surface (Smith, 1988). The wind data from July–December 2016 derive from the Blended Sea Winds data product for the coordinates 22°45' N and 158°00' W (Zhang et al., 2006). <em>k</em> was determined for each gas using the wind speed parameterization of Wanninkhof (2014) and the Schmidt numbers for each gas, calculated using the updated empirical temperature dependence formulations (Wanninkhof, 2014). To calculate the sea-air fluxes, the mean <em>k </em>value for the week prior to sample collection was used.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Biological Infrastructure (NSF DBI) Award Number: DBI-0424599 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0424599
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1260164 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1260164
Funding provided by Simons Foundation (Simons) Award Number: SCOPE 329108
Funding provided by Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF) Award Number: GMBF3794 Award URL: https://www.moore.org/grant-detail?grantId=GBMF3794
onGoing
Angelicque E. White
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
808-956-6220
1950 East West Rd.
Honolulu
HI
USA
aewhite@hawaii.edu
pointOfContact
David M. Karl
University of Hawai'i
808-956 8964
C-MORE Hale 1950 East-West Road
Honolulu
HI
96822
USA
dkarl@hawaii.edu
pointOfContact
Samuel T. Wilson
University of Hawai'i
0191-208-0018 (in the UK)
Newcastle University School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Drummond Building, Devonshire Terrace
Newcastle-Upon Tyne
NE1 7RU
United Kingdom
sam.wilson@newcastle.ac.uk
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Cruise_ID
HOT_cruise_ID
Latitude
Longitude
Station
Cast
Bottle
Depth
ISO_DateTime_UTC
Temperature
Salinity
Density
Oxygen
Atmos_CH4_MLO_flask
Atmos_CH4_KUM_flask
Theoretical_CH4_conc_MLO
Measured_CH4_conc
Ascarite trap
water sampling bottles to reduce trace gas contamination
water bath
Sea-Bird SBE 911Plus
Dean’s switch® (Agilent Technologies)
Drierite® trap (VWR)Drierite® trap (VWR)
flame ionization detector (FID) on gas chromatograph
gas chromatograph (GC) Agilent 7890A
Nafion® dryer (Perma Pure LLC) trap
theme
None, User defined
Cruise identfier
latitude
longitude
station
cast
bottle
depth
ISO_DateTime_UTC
water temperature at measurement depth
salinity from CTD
sigma-theta
dissolved Oxygen
methane
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Ascarite trap
Bottle
circulating water bath
CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911plus
Dean's switch
Drierite trap
Flame Ionization Detector
Gas Chromatograph
Nafion dryer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
KM0822
KN195-07
KOK0909
KM0915
KM0918
KM0920
KOK0916
KOK0917
KOK0920
KM1015
KM1017
KM1019
TN258
KM1108
KM1113
KOK1107
KOK1205
KM1213
KM1216
KM1218
KM1220
KM1419
SKQ201615S
KOK1005
KOK1007
KOK1011
KOK1013
KM1012
KM1102A
KM1120
KM1124
KM1127
KOK1113
KOK1114
KM1131
KOK1201
KM1205
KOK1202
KM1223
KM1227
KM1302
KM1305
TN294
KM1308
KM1311
KM1315
KM1317
KM1319
KM1321
KM1323
KM1402
KM1406
KM1408
KM1410
KOK1404
KM1414
KM1421
KM1425
KM1428
KOK1502
KOK1503
KM1504
KM1508
KM1510
KM1512
KOK1508
KOK1515
KM1518
KOK1516
KM1601
KM1602
KM1603
KOK1605
OC1605B
KOK1608
KOK1611
OC1610A
service
Deployment Activity
Hawaiian Islands - Stations Kahe, ALOHA, Kena and WHOTS Mooring
Hawaiian Ocean Time Series
Hawaiian Islands, HOT Site
Station ALOHA, an oligotrophic station 100 miles north of Oahu, Hawaii (22.75 N, 158 W)
Station Aloha (22 45N, 158W), Hawaii Ocean Time series (HOT)
North Pacific Ocean
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry
http://us-ocb.org/
Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry
The Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) program focuses on the ocean's role as a component of the global Earth system, bringing together research in geochemistry, ocean physics, and ecology that inform on and advance our understanding of ocean biogeochemistry. The overall program goals are to promote, plan, and coordinate collaborative, multidisciplinary research opportunities within the U.S. research community and with international partners. Important OCB-related activities currently include: the Ocean Carbon and Climate Change (OCCC) and the North American Carbon Program (NACP); U.S. contributions to IMBER, SOLAS, CARBOOCEAN; and numerous U.S. single-investigator and medium-size research projects funded by U.S. federal agencies including NASA, NOAA, and NSF.
The scientific mission of OCB is to study the evolving role of the ocean in the global carbon cycle, in the face of environmental variability and change through studies of marine biogeochemical cycles and associated ecosystems.
The overarching OCB science themes include improved understanding and prediction of: 1) oceanic uptake and release of atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases and 2) environmental sensitivities of biogeochemical cycles, marine ecosystems, and interactions between the two.
The OCB Research Priorities (updated January 2012) include: ocean acidification; terrestrial/coastal carbon fluxes and exchanges; climate sensitivities of and change in ecosystem structure and associated impacts on biogeochemical cycles; mesopelagic ecological and biogeochemical interactions; benthic-pelagic feedbacks on biogeochemical cycles; ocean carbon uptake and storage; and expanding low-oxygen conditions in the coastal and open oceans.
OCB
largerWorkCitation
program
U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/
U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
The United States Joint Global Ocean Flux Study was a national component of international JGOFS and an integral part of global climate change research.
The U.S. launched the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) in the late 1980s to study the ocean carbon cycle. An ambitious goal was set to understand the controls on the concentrations and fluxes of carbon and associated nutrients in the ocean. A new field of ocean biogeochemistry emerged with an emphasis on quality measurements of carbon system parameters and interdisciplinary field studies of the biological, chemical and physical process which control the ocean carbon cycle. As we studied ocean biogeochemistry, we learned that our simple views of carbon uptake and transport were severely limited, and a new "wave" of ocean science was born. U.S. JGOFS has been supported primarily by the U.S. National Science Foundation in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Energy and the Office of Naval Research. U.S. JGOFS, ended in 2005 with the conclusion of the Synthesis and Modeling Project (SMP).
U.S. JGOFS
largerWorkCitation
program
Ocean Time-series Sites
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/program/562656
Ocean Time-series Sites
Program description text taken from Chapter 1: Introduction from the Global Intercomparability in a Changing Ocean: An International Time-Series Methods Workshop report published following the workshop held November 28-30, 2012 at the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences. The full report is available from the workshop Web site hosted by US OCB: http://www.whoi.edu/website/TS-workshop/home
Decades of research have demonstrated that the ocean varies across a range of time scales, with anthropogenic forcing contributing an added layer of complexity. In a growing effort to distinguish between natural and human-induced earth system variability, sustained ocean time-series measurements have taken on a renewed importance. Shipboard biogeochemical time-series represent one of the most valuable tools scientists have to characterize and quantify ocean carbon fluxes and biogeochemical processes and their links to changing climate (Karl, 2010; Chavez et al., 2011; Church et al., 2013). They provide the oceanographic community with the long, temporally resolved datasets needed to characterize ocean climate, biogeochemistry, and ecosystem change.
The temporal scale of shifts in marine ecosystem variations in response to climate change are on the order of several decades. The long-term, consistent and comprehensive monitoring programs conducted by time-series sites are essential to understand large-scale atmosphere-ocean interactions that occur on interannual to decadal time scales. Ocean time-series represent one of the most valuable tools scientists have to characterize and quantify ocean carbon fluxes and biogeochemical processes and their links to changing climate.
Launched in the late 1980s, the US JGOFS (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study; http://usjgofs.whoi.edu) research program initiated two time-series measurement programs at Hawaii and Bermuda (HOT and BATS, respectively) to measure key oceanographic measurements in oligotrophic waters. Begun in 1995 as part of the US JGOFS Synthesis and Modeling Project, the CARIACO Ocean Time-Series (formerly known as the CArbon Retention In A Colored Ocean) Program has studied the relationship between surface primary production, physical forcing variables like the wind, and the settling flux of particulate carbon in the Cariaco Basin.
The objective of these time-series effort is to provide well-sampled seasonal resolution of biogeochemical variability at a limited number of ocean observatories, provide support and background measurements for process-oriented research, as well as test and validate observations for biogeochemical models. Since their creation, the BATS, CARIACO and HOT time-series site data have been available for use by a large community of researchers.
Data from those three US funded, ship-based, time-series sites can be accessed at each site directly or by selecting the site name from the Projects section below.
Ocean Time-series
largerWorkCitation
program
[Current] Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT): 2023-2028; [Previous] Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT): Sustaining ocean ecosystem and climate observations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
https://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/
[Current] Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT): 2023-2028; [Previous] Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT): Sustaining ocean ecosystem and climate observations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
<p><strong>Hawai'i Ocean Time-Series Project Summary</strong><br />
This continuing award for the HOT research program sustains the open-ocean climatology of biological, chemical, and physical observations into a 4<sup>th</sup> decade.</p>
<p><strong>Intellectual Merit </strong><br />
The scientific mission of HOT continues to be monitoring of temporal dynamics in the cycling of carbon and associated bioelements, and observations of the variability of hydrological and ecological properties, heat fluxes, and circulation of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG). The proposed research will rely on shipboard observations and experiments conducted on 10 separate 5-day expeditions per annum along with near-continuous moored platform measurements of air-sea interactions, ocean mixing, and physical characteristics of the deep sea. The HOT program maintains the high-quality suite of biogeochemical and physical measurements required for continued assessment of dynamics in ocean carbon and nutrient pools and fluxes, plankton community structure, ecosystem productivity, and inherent optical properties of the water column. Continuity of these observations improves the value of the dataset for deciphering how low-frequency natural and anthropogenic climate signals influence ecosystem structure in the NPSG as well as providing up-to-date measurements to place current signals in the longer-term context. Such efforts will continue to aid on-going modeling efforts required for predicting how future habitat perturbations may influence ecosystem dynamics in the NPSG. All HOT program data are publicly available and are frequently used by researchers and policy makers around the world. HOT data provide reference baselines for essential ocean variables, allow for characterization of natural patterns of ocean system variability and associated links to regional climate indices, and support calibration/validation of autonomous in situ and remote (satellite, airborne) sensors.</p>
<p><strong>Broader Impacts</strong><br />
The long-term, continuous HOT data are critical to assess variability on seasonal to decadal time-scales and thus are essential to determine the emergence of anthropogenic signals in the oligotrophic North Pacific. Further sustaining HOT measurements will strengthen our capacity to test hypotheses about poorly understood interactions between ocean dynamics, climate, and biogeochemistry and increase the value of HOT data for understanding the response of ocean ecosystems to both natural and anthropogenic climate perturbations. Over the next 5 years, we will continue to promote the value of HOT research through high quality, high visibility peer-reviewed journal and book articles, newspaper and newsletter articles, and community outreach. With partners BCO-DMO and OceanSITES we will also continue to strive for a FAIR data model (see data management plan) as metadata standards and conventions evolve in the community. We will continue working with an Earthcube Research Coordination Network for Marine Ecological Time Series (METS) to support efforts that bring together different cross-sections of METS data producers, data users, data scientists, and data managers in large- and small-group formats to foster the necessary dialog to develop FAIR data solutions across multiple time-series. In addition, HOT is a community resource that helps support the research of numerous ocean scientists who rely on the program’s infrastructure (ship time, staff, laboratories, equipment) to conduct their research, education, and outreach activities. Moreover, HOT PIs maintain a strong commitment to mentoring and training of undergraduate and graduate students, and will continue these activities as well as facilitates access to the sea by a number of ancillary students and scientists. </p>
<p>------------------------------------</p>
<p><strong>NSF Award Abstract:</strong><br />
<span style="color:rgb(27, 27, 27); font-family:verdana; font-size:11.312px">Long-term observations of ocean physics, biology, and chemistry across decades provide a powerful lens for understanding the response of the oceans to environmental change. This award will continue the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) research program, which began in 1988, for an additional five years. Continuity of these observations will improve the value of the dataset for deciphering how natural and human-influenced climate signals affect ecosystem structure in the Pacific Ocean. All HOT program data are publicly available and are frequently used by researchers and policy makers around the world. HOT also serves as (1) a testbed for the development of new sensors and methodologies, (2) a calibration/validation site, (3) an invaluable training ground that attracts students and researchers from around the globe, and (4) a forum for international collaboration and capacity building.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:rgb(27, 27, 27); font-family:verdana; font-size:11.312px">The proposed research will rely on shipboard observations and experiments conducted on ten separate five-day expeditions per year along with near-continuous moored platform measurements of air-sea interactions, ocean mixing, and physical characteristics of the deep sea. Observations include biogeochemical and physical measurements required for continued assessment of dynamics in ocean carbon and nutrient pools and fluxes, plankton community structure, ecosystem productivity, and inherent optical properties of the water column. The major program goals and objectives over the next 5 years remain as in prior years and include: (1) sustain high quality, time-resolved oceanographic measurements on the interactions between ocean-climate and ecosystem variability in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG), (2) quantify time-varying (seasonal to decadal) changes in reservoirs and fluxes of carbon and associated bioelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon), (3) constrain processes controlling air-sea carbon exchange, rates of carbon transformation through the planktonic food web, and fluxes of carbon into the ocean's interior, (4) extend to 40 years a climatology of hydrographic and biogeochemical dynamics from which to gauge anomalous or extreme changes to the NPSG habitat, forming a multi-decadal baseline from which to decipher natural and anthropogenic influences on the NPSG ecosystem, (5) continue to provide scientific and logistical support to ancillary programs that benefit from the temporal context, interdisciplinary science, and regular access to the open sea afforded by HOT program occupation of Station ALOHA, including projects implementing, testing, and validating new methodologies and transformative ocean sampling technologies, and (6) provide unique training and educational opportunities for the next generation of ocean scientists.</span></p>
HOT
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Hawaiian Islands - Stations Kahe, ALOHA, Kena and WHOTS Mooring; Hawaiian Ocean Time Series; Hawaiian Islands, HOT Site; Station ALOHA, an oligotrophic station 100 miles north of Oahu, Hawaii (22.75 N, 158 W); Station Aloha (22 45N, 158W), Hawaii Ocean Time series (HOT); North Pacific Ocean
-158
-158
22.75
22.75
2008-12-01
2016-11-27
North Pacific Subtropical Gyre; 22 deg 45 min N, 158 deg W
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Methane concentrations from depths of 5 to 175 meters at Station ALOHA collected during Hawaii Ocean Time-Series cruises between 2008 and 2016
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966386.rdf
Name: Cruise_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Cruise identifier</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966387.rdf
Name: HOT_cruise_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Hawai'i Ocean Time-Series cruise identifier</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966388.rdf
Name: Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude of sampling location</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966389.rdf
Name: Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude of sampling location</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966390.rdf
Name: Station
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Station number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966391.rdf
Name: Cast
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Cast number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966392.rdf
Name: Bottle
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Bottle number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966393.rdf
Name: Depth
Units: meters (m)
Description: <p>Sample depth</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966394.rdf
Name: ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Datetime of sampling in ISO8601 standard format</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966395.rdf
Name: Temperature
Units: degrees Celsius
Description: <p>Temperature from CTD at the time the bottle was tripped</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966396.rdf
Name: Salinity
Units: Practical Salinity Units (PSU)
Description: <p>Salinity from CTD at time the bottle was tripped</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966397.rdf
Name: Density
Units: kilograms per meter cubed (kg/m3)
Description: <p>Potential Density calculated using the CTD temperature and salinities</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966398.rdf
Name: Oxygen
Units: micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
Description: <p>Dissolved oxygen from CTD at time bottle was tripped</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966399.rdf
Name: Atmos_CH4_MLO_flask
Units: mole fraction (ppb)
Description: <p>Atmospheric methane (CH4) concentration from MLO flask (data from the Mauna Loa Keeling Observatory).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966400.rdf
Name: Atmos_CH4_KUM_flask
Units: mole fraction (ppb)
Description: <p>Atmospheric methane (CH4) from KUM flask (sea-level samples from Cape Kumukahi, Pahoa)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966401.rdf
Name: Theoretical_CH4_conc_MLO
Units: nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg)
Description: <p>Theoretical (or expected equilibrium) methane (CH4) concentration in water determined using the solubility equations of Wiesenburg & Guinasso (1979) and the atmospheric concentrations measured at the NOAA Mauna Loa Observatory (Dlugokencky et al., 2016)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/966402.rdf
Name: Measured_CH4_conc
Units: nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg)
Description: <p>Measured methane (CH4) concentration using gas chromatography</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/713965/data/download
download
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dataset
<p>The following describes the methodology for both this dataset (methane) as well as the nitrous oxide dataset because the analyses were completed concurrently. Please see Related Datasets section below for N2O results.</p>
<p><strong>Water sampling</strong><br />
Samples were collected using specially-designed 12L Niskin® bottles connected to a rosette with a Sea-Bird SBE 911Plus CTD package integrated into the system. The bottles were designed by John Bullister (NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)) to specifically minimize contamination for trace gases, in particular chlorofluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride (Bullister and Wisegarver, 2008).&nbsp;Seawater was dispensed using Tygon® tubing from the bottles into the bottom of 240 mL borosilicate bottles to at least two times overflowing ensuring the absence of bubbles.</p>
<p><strong>Sample preservation</strong><br />
The samples were preserved using 200 microliters of saturated mercuric chloride solution, crimp-sealed and stored in the dark at room temperature until analysis.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Analysis</strong><br />
Analysis of methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) was conducted simultaneously using a gas chromatography method (del Valle &amp; Karl, 2014; Wilson et al., 2014), typically 1 to 6 months after sample collection.&nbsp;Briefly, the water sample was transferred under positive pressure (supplied by helium gas) from the glass vials to a purge chamber fitted with a porous frit. The sample was then purged with ultra-high purity helium and the gas stream passed through a Nafion® dryer (Perma Pure LLC) and a Drierite® trap (VWR) to remove water vapor and then passed through an Ascarite trap to remove CO<sub>2</sub>, before being trapped on a packed sample loop (Porapak Q 80/100; Sigma-Aldrich) immersed in liquid nitrogen. After sparging for 10 minutes, the sample loop was heated and injected onto an analytical column (30 m x 0.32 mm GS-CarbonPLOT capillary column; J&amp;W Scientific) within a gas chromatograph (Agilent&nbsp;7890A) equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) and an electron capture detector (ECD).&nbsp;The carrier flow was alternated from the FID to the ECD using&nbsp;a Dean’s&nbsp;switch® (Agilent Technologies) which allowed the quantification of both CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O from a single sample.&nbsp;The oven temperature was typically maintained at 38°C, although this subsequently was decreased to 30°C in August 2016 to better resolve the CH<sub>4 &nbsp;</sub>peak when partial overlap with an O<sub>2</sub> peak occurred.<br />
<br />
<strong>Calibration</strong><br />
Calibration of the analytical system was conducted using gaseous standards purchased from Scott-Marin (CH<sub>4</sub>: 20.15 ± 1% ppmv; N<sub>2</sub>O: 4.81 ± 2% ppmv in a balance of N2) and NOAA (CH<sub>4</sub>: 1965.32&nbsp;ppbv; N2O: 357.56&nbsp;ppbv&nbsp;in a balance of air).&nbsp;From March 2016 onwards, the calibration for CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O was compared against reference standards prepared by John Bullister at NOAA PMEL on behalf of SCOR Working Group #143.&nbsp;In all instances, standards were injected prior to the purge and trap set-up and therefore passed through the purge chamber and gas drying apparatus.&nbsp;A linear curve was applied to the CH<sub>4</sub> calibration values and a polynomial curve was fitted to the N<sub>2</sub>O calibration values.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Precision and Accuracy</strong><br />
The precision of CH<sub>4</sub> measurements for surface seawater with concentrations of 2.57 ± 0.07 (SD) nmol kg<sup>-1</sup> (n=14), as calculated by the coefficient of variation, was 3%.&nbsp;The accuracy of CH<sub>4</sub> measurements was evaluated by analyzing filtered (0.2 μm) seawater samples that had been equilibrated with atmospheric air at a range of set temperatures between 19–27°C which were maintained using a water bath.&nbsp;The measured values agreed to within 2.4 ± 0.9% of predicted values.&nbsp;The precision of N<sub>2</sub>O measurements in surface seawater, with concentrations of 6.47 ± 0.14 (SD) nmol kg<sup>-1</sup> (n=14), as calculated by the coefficient of variation was 2%.&nbsp;Using the same air-equilibrated seawater set-up, as described for CH<sub>4</sub>, the accuracy of N<sub>2</sub>O measurements was 2.6 ± 1.9% of predicted values.</p>
<p><strong>Calculation</strong><br />
The sea-air flux (F, μmol m<sup>-2 </sup>d<sup>-1</sup> ) of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O was calculated as :&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;F = <em>k </em>(Cw -Ceq)<br />
where <em>k</em> is the gas transfer velocity (m d<sup>-1</sup>), Cw is the ambient concentration of the gas dissolved in water (μmol m<sup>-3</sup>), and Ceq is the concentration of the gas at equilibrium with the atmosphere. Ceq was determined from the solubility equations for N<sub>2</sub>O (Weiss and Price, 1980) and for CH<sub>4</sub> (Wiesenburg &amp; Guinasso, 1979), and using the atmospheric concentrations measured at the NOAA Mauna Loa Observatory and available online from NOAA's Global Monitoring Laboratory (Lan &amp; Keeling, 2025; Dlugokencky et al., 2016). The wind speed data, used to calculate<em> k</em>, for January 2009 to May 2016 were taken from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution-Hawaii Ocean Time-series Site (WHOTS) mooring (Upper Ocean Processes Group, 2024)&nbsp;and normalized to a height of 10 meters above sea surface (Smith, 1988). The wind data from July–December 2016 derive from the Blended Sea Winds data product for the coordinates 22°45' N and 158°00' W (Zhang et al., 2006). <em>k</em> was determined for each gas using the wind speed parameterization of Wanninkhof (2014) and the Schmidt numbers for each gas, calculated using the updated empirical temperature dependence formulations (Wanninkhof, 2014). To calculate the sea-air fluxes, the mean <em>k </em>value for the week prior to sample collection was used.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
* processing completed 2017-08-28 by Amber York. Updated in 2025 by Dana Gerlach.
* added a conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
* modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions (e.g. no spaces, slashes, special characters)
* converted latitude and longitude values to decimal degree values
* added column for ISO_DateTime_UTC converted from local date and time (HST time zone)
* removed extra decimal point for the salinity value in row 390
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Ascarite trap
Ascarite trap
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Ascarite trap PI Supplied Instrument Description:The sample was purged with ultra-high purity helium and the gas stream passed through an Ascarite trap to remove CO2. Instrument Name: Ascarite trap Instrument Short Name:CO2 trap Instrument Description: An Ascarite trap is a gas purification device used to remove carbon dioxide (CO₂) from gas streams. It contains Ascarite®, a solid chemical absorbent—typically sodium hydroxide (NaOH) coated on a solid support like silica—that chemically reacts with CO₂ and traps it.
water sampling bottles to reduce trace gas contamination
water sampling bottles to reduce trace gas contamination
PI Supplied Instrument Name: water sampling bottles to reduce trace gas contamination PI Supplied Instrument Description:These Niskin-like bottles were designed by John Bullister (NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)) to specifically minimize contamination for trace gases, in particular chlorofluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride (Bullister and Wisegarver, 2008). Instrument Name: Bottle Instrument Short Name:Bottle Instrument Description: A container, typically made of glass or plastic and with a narrow neck, used for storing drinks or other liquids.
water bath
water bath
PI Supplied Instrument Name: water bath PI Supplied Instrument Description:The seawater samples were maintained at temperatures between 19 and 27 degrees Celsius using a water bath. Instrument Name: circulating water bath Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A device designed to regulate the temperature of a vessel by bathing it in water held at the desired temperature. [Definition Source: NCI]
Sea-Bird SBE 911Plus
Sea-Bird SBE 911Plus
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Sea-Bird SBE 911Plus Instrument Name: CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911plus Instrument Short Name:CTD SBE 911plus Instrument Description: The Sea-Bird SBE 911 plus is a type of CTD instrument package for continuous measurement of conductivity, temperature and pressure. The SBE 911 plus includes the SBE 9plus Underwater Unit and the SBE 11plus Deck Unit (for real-time readout using conductive wire) for deployment from a vessel. The combination of the SBE 9 plus and SBE 11 plus is called a SBE 911 plus. The SBE 9 plus uses Sea-Bird's standard modular temperature and conductivity sensors (SBE 3 plus and SBE 4). The SBE 9 plus CTD can be configured with up to eight auxiliary sensors to measure other parameters including dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, fluorescence, light (PAR), light transmission, etc.). more information from Sea-Bird Electronics Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0058/
Dean’s switch® (Agilent Technologies)
Dean’s switch® (Agilent Technologies)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Dean’s switch® (Agilent Technologies) PI Supplied Instrument Description:The carrier flow was alternated from the FID to the ECD using a Dean’s switch® (Agilent Technologies) which allowed the quantification of both CH4 and N2O from a single sample. Instrument Name: Dean's switch Instrument Short Name:flow-switching device Instrument Description: A Dean's switch is a type of flow-switching device used in gas chromatography (GC) to divert or direct carrier gas and analyte streams between different paths—typically toward different detectors or traps.
The Dean's switch is named after James R. Dean, a researcher who described a method for thermally controlled flow switching in gas chromatography during the 1960s and 70s.
Drierite® trap (VWR)Drierite® trap (VWR)
Drierite® trap (VWR)Drierite® trap (VWR)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Drierite® trap (VWR)Drierite® trap (VWR) PI Supplied Instrument Description:The gas stream was passed through a Drierite® trap (VWR) to remove water vapor Instrument Name: Drierite trap Instrument Short Name:desiccant moisture trap Instrument Description: A Drierite trap is a laboratory gas drying device that uses a trademarked desiccant (Drierite®) designed to remove moisture (water vapor) from gas streams, ensuring that sensitive instruments and processes receive dry, purified gases. These traps are particularly useful in applications like gas chromatography, environmental monitoring, and gas sampling.
flame ionization detector (FID) on gas chromatograph
flame ionization detector (FID) on gas chromatograph
PI Supplied Instrument Name: flame ionization detector (FID) on gas chromatograph PI Supplied Instrument Description:A gas chromatograph (GC) Agilent 7890A was equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) and an electron capture detector (ECD). The carrier flow was alternated from the FID to the ECD using a Dean’s switch® (Agilent Technologies) which allowed the quantification of both CH4 and N2O from a single sample. Instrument Name: Flame Ionization Detector Instrument Short Name:FID Instrument Description: A flame ionization detector (FID) is a scientific instrument that measures the concentration of organic species in a gas stream. It is frequently used as a detector in gas chromatography. Standalone FIDs can also be used in applications such as landfill gas monitoring, fugitive emissions monitoring and internal combustion engine emissions measurement in stationary or portable instruments.
gas chromatograph (GC) Agilent 7890A
gas chromatograph (GC) Agilent 7890A
PI Supplied Instrument Name: gas chromatograph (GC) Agilent 7890A Instrument Name: Gas Chromatograph Instrument Short Name:Gas Chromatograph Instrument Description: Instrument separating gases, volatile substances, or substances dissolved in a volatile solvent by transporting an inert gas through a column packed with a sorbent to a detector for assay. (from SeaDataNet, BODC) Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB02/
Nafion® dryer (Perma Pure LLC) trap
Nafion® dryer (Perma Pure LLC) trap
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Nafion® dryer (Perma Pure LLC) trap PI Supplied Instrument Description:The gas stream was passed through a Nafion® dryer (Perma Pure LLC) to remove water vapor. Instrument Name: Nafion dryer Instrument Short Name:Nafion tubing Instrument Description: A Nafion dryer is a type of gas or vapor drying device that uses a special perfluorosulfonic acid polymer membrane—known as Nafion®—to remove water vapor (humidity) from gas streams. It is commonly used in laboratories and industrial processes to dry gases like air, hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide without altering their chemical composition.
See also: https://www.chromservis.eu/en/nafion-dryers
Cruise: KM0822
KM0822
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM0822
Eric M. Grabowski
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM0822
Cruise: KN195-07
KN195-07
R/V Knorr
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Knorr
vessel
KN195-07
Eric M. Grabowski
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KN195-07
Cruise: KOK0909
KOK0909
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK0909
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK0909
Cruise: KM0915
KM0915
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM0915
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM0915
Cruise: KM0918
KM0918
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM0918
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM0918
Cruise: KM0920
KM0920
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM0920
Paul J. Lethaby
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM0920
Cruise: KOK0916
KOK0916
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK0916
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK0916
Cruise: KOK0917
KOK0917
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK0917
Paul J. Lethaby
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK0917
Cruise: KOK0920
KOK0920
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK0920
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK0920
Cruise: KM1015
KM1015
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1015
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: KM1017
KM1017
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1017
Paul J. Lethaby
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: KM1019
KM1019
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1019
Craig Nosse
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: TN258
TN258
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel
TN258
Craig Nosse
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: KM1108
KM1108
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1108
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: KM1113
KM1113
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1113
Craig Nosse
Cruise: KOK1107
KOK1107
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1107
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: KOK1205
KOK1205
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1205
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: KM1213
KM1213
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1213
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: KM1216
KM1216
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1216
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: KM1218
KM1218
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1218
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: KM1220
KM1220
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1220
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: KM1419
KM1419
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1419
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
Cruise: SKQ201615S
SKQ201615S
R/V Sikuliaq
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Sikuliaq
vessel
SKQ201615S
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
http://dmoserv3.whoi.edu/data_docs/ProEco/cs288.pdf
Report describing SKQ201615S
Cruise: KOK1005
KOK1005
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1005
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1005
Cruise: KOK1007
KOK1007
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1007
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1007
Cruise: KOK1011
KOK1011
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1011
Paul J. Lethaby
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1011
Cruise: KOK1013
KOK1013
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1013
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1013
Cruise: KM1012
KM1012
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1012
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1012
Cruise: KM1102A
KM1102A
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1102A
Craig Nosse
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1102A
Cruise: KM1120
KM1120
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1120
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1120
Cruise: KM1124
KM1124
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1124
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1124
Cruise: KM1127
KM1127
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1127
Craig Nosse
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1127
Cruise: KOK1113
KOK1113
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1113
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1113
Cruise: KOK1114
KOK1114
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1114
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1114
Cruise: KM1131
KM1131
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1131
Craig Nosse
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1131
Cruise: KOK1201
KOK1201
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1201
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1201
Cruise: KM1205
KM1205
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1205
Craig Nosse
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1205
Cruise: KOK1202
KOK1202
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1202
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1202
Cruise: KM1223
KM1223
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1223
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1223
Cruise: KM1227
KM1227
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1227
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1227
Cruise: KM1302
KM1302
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1302
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1302
Cruise: KM1305
KM1305
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1305
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1305
Cruise: TN294
TN294
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel
TN294
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing TN294
Cruise: KM1308
KM1308
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1308
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1308
Cruise: KM1311
KM1311
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1311
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1311
Cruise: KM1315
KM1315
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1315
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1315
Cruise: KM1317
KM1317
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1317
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1317
Cruise: KM1319
KM1319
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1319
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1319
Cruise: KM1321
KM1321
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1321
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1321
Cruise: KM1323
KM1323
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1323
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1323
Cruise: KM1402
KM1402
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1402
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1402
Cruise: KM1406
KM1406
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1406
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1406
Cruise: KM1408
KM1408
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1408
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1408
Cruise: KM1410
KM1410
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1410
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1410
Cruise: KOK1404
KOK1404
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1404
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1404
Cruise: KM1414
KM1414
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1414
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1414
Cruise: KM1421
KM1421
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1421
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1421
Cruise: KM1425
KM1425
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1425
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1425
Cruise: KM1428
KM1428
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1428
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1428
Cruise: KOK1502
KOK1502
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1502
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1502
Cruise: KOK1503
KOK1503
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1503
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1503
Cruise: KM1504
KM1504
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1504
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1504
Cruise: KM1508
KM1508
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1508
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1508
Cruise: KM1510
KM1510
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1510
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1510
Cruise: KM1512
KM1512
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1512
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1512
Cruise: KOK1508
KOK1508
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1508
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1508
Cruise: KOK1515
KOK1515
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1515
R. Walter Deppe
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1515
Cruise: KM1518
KM1518
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1518
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1518
Cruise: KOK1516
KOK1516
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1516
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1516
Cruise: KM1601
KM1601
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1601
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1601
Cruise: KM1602
KM1602
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1602
Dr Tara M. Clemente
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1602
Cruise: KM1603
KM1603
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1603
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1603
Cruise: KOK1605
KOK1605
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1605
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://dmoserv3.whoi.edu/data_docs/ProEco/cs283.pdf
Report describing KOK1605
Cruise: OC1605B
OC1605B
R/V Oceanus
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Oceanus
vessel
OC1605B
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing OC1605B
Cruise: KOK1608
KOK1608
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1608
Matthew J. Church
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1608
Cruise: KOK1611
KOK1611
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1611
Matthew J. Church
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1611
Cruise: OC1610A
OC1610A
R/V Oceanus
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Oceanus
vessel
OC1610A
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing OC1610A
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
R/V Knorr
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Knorr
vessel
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel
R/V Sikuliaq
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Sikuliaq
vessel
R/V Oceanus
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Oceanus
vessel