1b:I[42426,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1xctgzqre-wsy.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_-wz6pdtp2b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/30e52g49hg40p.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/02yq6tul2z-oh.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/10bx_ec2vj7n_.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/33bfn03fo8xnt.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/0tfjf78scu61b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/31xnvej4n1bi9.js"],"default"] 1c:Tea8,Description from NSF award abstract: The predicted 2014-2015 El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event may develop into one of the strongest in recent history, presenting a unique and urgent opportunity to investigate the impact of this extreme thermal anomaly on the resilience of coral reef ecosystems. Building on baseline data from >40 years of research in the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP), this team of researchers is uniquely poised to test hypotheses about coral reef resilience to the third strong event to hit this region. Ecological resilience is defined as both the ability of an ecosystem to continue functioning while under stress as well as the ability of a system to "bounce back" or restore structure and function following a disturbance. This project is guided by the overarching hypothesis that many ETP coral reefs are becoming more resilient in the face of multiple major ENSO disturbances as a result of adaptive processes. If the investigators are correct that reef systems can develop more tolerance and recover more rapidly when subjected to sequential thermal disturbances, this will drastically change predictions of the fate of global coral reef ecosystems over the next 100 years of climate change. This RAPID funding will provide an unprecedented opportunity to further our understanding of the potential for increased resistance to, and accelerated early recovery from, the third major ENSO to hit the ETP. The investigators have developed hypotheses that can be tested by targeted sampling and experiments in the critical stages before, during and after this ENSO on reefs in Panamá (Uva, Saboga) and Galápagos (Darwin Floreana). These reefs span a gradient in aragonite saturation that provides a real-world model system for conditions expected throughout the tropics in a high-CO2 world. Key mechanisms/hypotheses that the investigators will evaluate that may increase resilience, and therefore reduce mortality and limit the loss of ecosystem functioning following this ENSO, include: (1) increases in the relative abundance of thermotolerant symbionts will result in higher survival and faster recovery of multiple coral species across all depths; (2) recovery will be inversely rated to pCO2 with a threshold level beyond which recovery does not occur; (3) the maintenance of strong top-down control by intact herbivore communities will limit algal proliferation, and (4) the strengthening of nutrient-limitation in shallow regions will limit algal competitive abilities and aid coral recovery. At each site where there is a record of recovery the research team will make the following ovservations: (1) in situ measurement of physical parameters (temperature, conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, photosynthetically active radiation, chlorophyll, turbidity, inorganic nutrients); (2) in situ measurement of carbonate chemistry and net ecosystem metabolism (calcification, production); (3) In situ measurements of coral and reef community responses including coral bleaching and mortality and the population responses of corallivores, bioeroders, herbivores, and benthic algal cover; (4) quantification of symbiont communities in major coral species before, during and after the bleaching event to compare with archived samples from the 1997-98 event; (5) bioassays of the strength of top-down (herbivory) and bottom-up (nutrient limitation) effects that may promote ecosystem resilience with critical limits. To further explore these limits, in the southern Galápagos, where there is a lack of resilience, the investigative team will deploy temperature loggers, conduct surveys of bleaching and mortality of remnant coral communities, and conduct bioassays of the strength of herbivory and nutrient limitation.6:["$","$L1b",null,{"dataset":{"_id":"716126","description":"

This dataset includes a sample log of coral specimens collected for genetic analysis of algal symbionts by divers near the Galapagos and Panama between August 2014 and March 2017.

\n","problem":"","acquisition":"

Samples were extracted for downstream DNA analyses using a bulk DNA extraction protocol. See protocols.io at dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.dyq7vv or local PDF: \"Bulk gDNA extraction from coral samples\"

\n","processing":"

BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
\n- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
\n- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions
\n- date format expanded to 4-digit year
\n- removed single quotes from Sample records
\n- replaced spaces with underscores in Location, Sample, and Species columns
\n- replaced – with hyphen, -
\n- blank cells were replaced by 'nd' (no data)

\n","bcodmoProcessing":"","title":"Sample log of coral biopsy specimens for genetic analysis of algal symbionts collected from Galapagos and Panama by divers, 2014-2017 (Response of ETP to ENSO)","nickname":"Coral Biopsy Sample Log","dataUrl":"","currentState":"Preliminary and in progress","currentStateId":"6","validated":false,"restricted":false,"version":"1","version_date":"2017-10-04T04:00:00.000Z","abstract":"Sample log of coral biopsy specimens for genetic analysis of algal symbionts collected from Galapagos and Panama by divers, 2014-2017 (Response of ETP to ENSO)","citation":"Baker, A., Glynn, P. (2017) Sample log of coral biopsy specimens for genetic analysis of algal symbionts collected from Galapagos and Panama by divers, 2014-2017 (Response of ETP to ENSO). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2017-10-04 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/716126 [access date]","citationParts":{"identifier":"http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/716126","versionDate":"2017-10-04","versionId":"1","year":"2017","title":"Sample log of coral biopsy specimens for genetic analysis of algal symbionts collected from Galapagos and Panama by divers, 2014-2017 (Response of ETP to ENSO)","authors":"Baker, A., Glynn, P.","publisher":"Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)."},"doi":"","release_date":null,"field_dataset_location":"","temporal_extent":{"start":"2014-08-17T04:00:00.000Z","end":"2014-08-17T04:00:00.000Z"},"temporal":{"resolution":"time:unitDay","type":"time:Instant","start":{"value":"","label":""},"end":{"value":"","label":""}},"spatial_extent":{"shape":"","center":{"latitude":0,"longitude":0},"wkt":"","north":0,"east":0,"south":0,"west":0},"dataset_type":["Other Field Results"],"keywords":["biota","oceans"],"data_files":[{"id":"901786","title":"coral_biopsy_sample_log.csv","url":"https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/dataset/716126/file/wnnxzVZF0lVRl5/coral_biopsy_sample_log.csv","showTableUrl":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/716126/data/view/901786","description":"Primary data file for dataset ID 716126","filename":"coral_biopsy_sample_log.csv","bytesize":167355,"checksum":{"value":"c5a453355a0c9050dea3b03747702cb5","Algorithm":{"_id":"190","name":"MD5"}},"mimetype":"text/csv","fileType":{"_id":"192","name":"Comma Separated Values (.csv)"},"isErddap":"","date":"","isPublicDuringEmbargo":false,"primaryDataFile":true,"showTable":true,"restricted":false}],"supplemental_files":[],"roles":[{"role":{"_id":"138","name":"Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"472189","name":"Andrew Baker"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"36","name":"University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science"}},{"role":{"_id":"140","name":"Co-Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"514244","name":"Peter Glynn"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"36","name":"University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science"}},{"role":{"_id":"145","name":"BCO-DMO Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"50396","name":"Nancy Copley"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"191","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}}],"deployments":[],"funding":[{"_id":"542391","name":"OCE-1447306","fundingSource":{"_id":"355","name":"NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1447306"}],"instruments":[{"_id":"716146","name":"","description":"Used to photograph the specimens.","type_id":"520","type_name":"Camera","type_desc":"All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems.","type_acronym":"camera"},{"_id":"817896","name":"SCUBA","description":"","type_id":"713363","type_name":"Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus","type_desc":"The self-contained underwater breathing apparatus or scuba diving system is the result of technological developments and innovations that began almost 300 years ago. Scuba diving is the most extensively used system for breathing underwater by recreational divers throughout the world and in various forms is also widely used to perform underwater work for military, scientific, and commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nReference: https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/technology/technical/technical.html","type_acronym":"SCUBA"}],"parameters":[{"_id":"716133","name":"Country","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

country of collection

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"952","name":"region","description":"

geographical area of sampling

"}},{"_id":"716134","name":"Site","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

collection site

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1124","name":"site","description":"

Sampling site identification.

"}},{"_id":"716135","name":"Location","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

collection location

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1124","name":"site","description":"

Sampling site identification.

"}},{"_id":"716136","name":"Sample","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

sample identifier

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"960","name":"sample","description":"

unique sample identification or number; any combination of alpha numeric characters; precise definition is file dependent

"}},{"_id":"716137","name":"Depth","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

coral species

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"808","name":"depth","description":"

Observation/sample depth below the sea surface. Units often reported as: meters, feet.

\nWhen used in a JGOFS/GLOBEC dataset the depth is a best estimate; usually but not always calculated from pressure; calculated either from CTD pressure using Fofonoff and Millard (1982; UNESCO Tech Paper #44) algorithm adjusted for 1980 equation of state for seawater (EOS80) or simply equivalent to nominal depth as recorded during sampling if CTD pressure was unavailable.

"}},{"_id":"716138","name":"Species","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

collection depth

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters"},"type":{"_id":"976","name":"species","description":"

a taxonomic binomial that consists of a genus name followed by the species name of an organism

"}},{"_id":"716139","name":"Tag","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

sample tag number

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"991","name":"tagid","description":"

Animal tag identification, e.g. flipper tag

"}},{"_id":"716140","name":"Photo","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

photograph identification number

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1073","name":"no_bcodmo_term","description":"

An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

"}},{"_id":"716141","name":"Collection_date","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

collection date formattee as m/d/yyyy

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1070","name":"date","description":"

date; generally reported in GMT as YYYYMMDD (year; month; day); also as MMDD (month; day); EqPac dates are local Hawaii time. ISO_Date format is YYYY-MM-DD (http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm)

"}},{"_id":"716142","name":"Dive","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

dive number

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1734","name":"dive_id","description":"

Unique dive id or number for ROV, AUV or HOV type system dive or deployment

"}},{"_id":"716143","name":"Diver","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

diver name

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1129","name":"person","description":"

scientist responsible for the data from a given sampling event

"}},{"_id":"716144","name":"Notes","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

comments pertaining to collection and samples

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"778","name":"comment","description":"

free text comments, may only have meaning to submitting PI

"}}],"related_publications":[],"related_datasets":[],"services":[{"grouping":"","items":[{"name":"View Data","description":"An in-browser view of the primary tabular data file","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/716126/data/view","contentType":"text/html","actionType":"view"}]},{"grouping":"Metadata","items":[{"name":"HTML","description":"A simple HTML page of the dataset metadata","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/716126/description","contentType":"text/html","actionType":"view"},{"name":"PDF","description":"A PDF of the HTML dataset metadata","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/716126/Dataset_description.pdf","contentType":"application/pdf","actionType":"download"},{"name":"ISO 19115-2 (NOAA Profile)","description":"","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/716126/iso","contentType":"application/xml","actionType":"download"}]}],"programs":[{"_id":"514212","name":"Tropical Eastern Pacific Coral Reefs","acronym":"TEP Corals"}],"projects":[{"_id":"516487","name":"Are Eastern Tropical Pacific reefs becoming more resilient to ENSO?","acronym":"Response of ETP to ENSO","description":"$1c"}],"archives":[],"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","id":"CC-BY-4.0","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","spdxUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0"},"metrics":{"views":{"count":88},"downloads":{"count":379}}},"fileId":"901786"}]