http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/721983
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2017-12-22
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Fluxes across the sediment-water interface collected seasonally from April to November of 2014 at Smith Island, Virginia using continuous flow core incubation (Oyster Reef N2O Emission project)
2018-03-19
publication
2018-03-19
revision
BCO-DMO Linked Data URI
2018-03-19
creation
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/721983
Bongkeun Song
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
principalInvestigator
Mark J. Brush
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
principalInvestigator
Michael F. Piehler
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
principalInvestigator
Craig Tobias
University of Connecticut
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Song, B., Tobias, C., Piehler, M. F., Brush, M. J. (2018) Fluxes across the sediment-water interface collected seasonally from April to November of 2014 at Smith Island, Virginia using continuous flow core incubation (Oyster Reef N2O Emission project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Version Date 2018-03-19 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/721983 [access date]
Fluxes across the sediment-water interface collected seasonally using continuous flow core incubation Dataset Description: <p>Fluxes across the sediment-water interface collected seasonally using&nbsp;continuous&nbsp;flow core incubations.</p>
<p>Note [2018-03-20] The dataset parameter descriptions and units are in the process of being added.</p>
<p><strong>These data were utilized in the following publication:</strong><br />
Smyth, A., A. Murphy, I. Anderson, and B. Song (2017) Differential effects of bivalves on sediment nitrogen cycling in a shallow coastal bay. Estuaries and Coasts, DOI:&nbsp;<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0344-9" target="_blank">10.1007/s12237-017-0344-9</a></p>
<p><strong>See related Smith Island Datasets:</strong><br />
*&nbsp;<a href="https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/721983" target="_blank">Smith Island N cycle: 2013 Seasonal Field Data</a><br />
*&nbsp;<a href="https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/721963" target="_blank">Smith Island N cycle: 2013 Seasonal Fluxes</a>&nbsp;<br />
*&nbsp;<a href="https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/721973" target="_blank">Smith Island N cycle: 2014 Seasonal Fluxes</a></p> Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Methodology</strong></p>
<p>Sediment samples were collected near Smith Island, VA in Smith Island Bay. Smith Island is one of the southern barrier islands of the Delmarva Peninsula and part of the Virginia Coastal Reserve Long Term Ecological Research site. A restored oyster reef, isolated on a mudflat, clam bed used as part of an aquaculture lease and subtidal sand flat were established as sampling locations. Studies were conducted seasonally in August 2013, April 2014, July 2014, and November 2014. At each event, samples were taken for sediment biogeochemical flux incubations and sediment&nbsp;physico-chemical&nbsp;properties (sediment organic matter, benthic algal biomass, porewater nutrients).</p>
<p>For sediment flux incubations, triplicate sediment cores (9.5cm i.d. X 10 cm sediment depth) were collected by hand at each of the three locations: restored oyster reefs, clam aquaculture beds and subtidal bare sediments located approximately 50m from the reef and aquaculture. Samples from the oyster reef were collected directly adjacent to the reef. For the clam aquaculture samples, the predator exclusion net was taken off prior to sample collection. Associated infauna&nbsp;were&nbsp;not removed from any of the samples (i.e. live clams were included in the clam aquaculture cores). On average there were 4 clams per core with a mean biomass density of 493 ± 42.94g DW m<sup>-2</sup>.&nbsp; However, oyster reef cores did not contain live oysters. Water chemistry was assessed with a YSI and ~170 L of water was collected from Smith Island Bay for use in the continuous flow core incubations. Samples were also collected for dissolved nutrient analysis.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Upon collection, sediment cores and water were transported to an environmental chamber set&nbsp;to&nbsp;<em>in situ</em>&nbsp;temperature at The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) in Gloucester Point, VA. Once at VIMS, cores were submerged in site water to mimic high tide (saturated) conditions and held in the dark for 12-16 hrs. The following day each core was sealed with&nbsp;gas tight&nbsp;lids equipped with an inflow and outflow port and incubated in a continuous flow system. Cores were acclimated for 24 hours before sampling to allow the system to reach steady state. Samples for dissolved nutrients and gasses were collected from the outflow port of each sediment core three times over the course of 24 hours after an initial pre-incubation period. A bypass line that flowed directly into the sample vial was used to determine the concentration of dissolved constituents entering the cores. This line also accounted for tubing and pump effects on water chemistry.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Isotopic enrichment experiments were conducted to determine rates of denitrification. After the initial sampling period, the reservoir water was enriched with&nbsp;<sup>15</sup>N-NaNO<sub>3</sub>&nbsp;(98atm%) to a final concentration of ~100 μmol L<sup>-1</sup>. Samples were collected for dissolved gas analysis three times after the initial 24-hour acclimation period after the reservoir was enriched. The concentration of&nbsp;<sup>29</sup>N<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<sup>30</sup>N<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;was measured using a membrane inlet mass spectrometer (MIMS). The details of methods are published in Smyth et al. (2017).</p>
<p>Nutrients and isotopic composition of N2 and NH4+ were used to calculate the fluxes and rates as reported in Smyth et al. (2017).</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1321373 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1321373
completed
Bongkeun Song
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
804-684-7411
P.O Box 1346
Gloucester Point
VA
23692
USA
songb@vims.edu
pointOfContact
Mark J. Brush
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
804-684-7402
P.O Box 1346
Gloucester Point
VA
23062
USA
brush@vims.edu
pointOfContact
Michael F. Piehler
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
252-726-6841 x160
Institute of Marine Science 3431 Arendell St.
Morehead City
North Carolina
28557
U.S.A.
mpiehler@email.unc.edu
pointOfContact
Craig Tobias
University of Connecticut
860-405-9140
1080 Shennecossett Rd.
Groton
CT
06340
USA
craig.tobias@uconn.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Unknown
Date
Season
Temp
Sal
Sample
Number_of_Clams
Rep
O2_rate_1st_flux
N2_1st_flux
O2
NOx_1st_flux
NH4_1st_flux
SRP_1st_flux
p28_IPT
p29_IPT
p30_IPT
D15_IPT
D14_IPT
D_total_IPT
Inflow_14NOx_IPT
Inflow_15NOx_IPT
Inflow_14NO3_to_15NO3_IPT
Dw_IPT
Dn_IPT
NOx_IPT
NH4_IPT
DNRA15_IPT
DNRA14_IPT
DNRAw_IPT
DNRAn_IPT
Dt_to_N2O_IPT
N_N2O_flux_IPT
Lat
Lon
theme
None, User defined
date
sample description
water temperature at measurement depth
salinity
count
replicate
dissolved Oxygen
Nitrogen
nitrate plus nitrite
Ammonium
reactive phosphorus (PO4)
No BCO-DMO term
Nitrate
latitude
longitude
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Smith_Island_Song
service
Deployment Activity
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Microbial Regulation of Greenhouse Gas N2O Emission from Intertidal Oyster Reefs
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/527289
Microbial Regulation of Greenhouse Gas N2O Emission from Intertidal Oyster Reefs
<p><em>Extracted from the NSF award abstract:</em></p>
<p>Oyster reefs are biogeochemical hot spots and prominent estuarine habitats that provide disproportionate ecological function. Suspension-feeding eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, are capable of improving water quality and diminishing eutrophication by filtering nutrients and particles from the water and depositing them in the sediments. Remineralization of these deposits may enhance sedimentary denitrification that facilitates nitrogen removal in tidal estuaries. However, the scientific underpinning of oyster reef function has been challenged in various studies. In addition, recent studies of filter feeding invertebrates reported the production of nitrous oxide (N2O), a greenhouse gas, as an end product of incomplete denitrification by gut microbes. C. virginica could be another source of N2O flux from intertidal habitats. Preliminary work indicated substantial N2O production from individual oysters. The estimated N2O production from high density oyster reefs may exceed the N2O flux measured from some estuaries. With the new discovery of N2O emission and uncertainty regarding eutrophication control, the ecological value of oyster reef restoration may become equivocal.</p>
<p>This project will quantify N2O fluxes to understand the factors controlling N2O emission from oyster reefs. Sedimentary N processes will be examined to develop an oyster reef N model to estimate N2O emission from tidal creek estuaries relative to other N cycling processes. The PIs hypothesize that intertidal oyster reefs are a substantial source of N2O emission from estuarine ecosystems and the magnitude of emission may be linked to water quality. If substantial N2O flux from oyster reefs is validated, ecological benefits of oyster reef restoration should be reevaluated. This interdisciplinary research team includes a microbial ecologist, a biogeochemist, an ecologist and an ecosystem modeler. They will utilize stable isotope and molecular microbiological techniques to quantify oyster N2O production, elucidate microbial sources of N2O emission from oysters and sediments, and estimate seasonal variation of N2O fluxes from oyster reefs. Measurements from this study will be integrated into a coupled oyster bioenergetics-sediment biogeochemistry model to compare system level rates of N cycling on oyster reefs as a function of oyster density and water quality. Modeling results will be used to assess the relative trade-offs of oyster restoration associated with N cycling. They expect to deliver the following end products:1) estimation of annual N2O flux from oyster reefs as an additional source of greenhouse gases from estuaries, 2) a better understanding of the environmental and microbial factors influencing N2O and N2 fluxes in tidal estuaries, 3) transformative knowledge for the effect of oyster restoration on water quality enhancement and ecosystem function, 4) direct guidance for oyster restoration projects whose goals include water quality enhancement, and 5) a modeling tool for use in research and restoration planning.</p>
Oyster Reef N2O Emission
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
-75.88523
-75.88523
37.14919
37.14919
2014-04-01
2014-11-01
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Fluxes across the sediment-water interface collected seasonally from April to November of 2014 at Smith Island, Virginia using continuous flow core incubation (Oyster Reef N2O Emission project)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732959.rdf
Name: Date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Month and day in format dd-mmm</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732960.rdf
Name: Season
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Season (Spring|Summer|Fall)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732961.rdf
Name: Temp
Units: degrees Celsius
Description: <p>Temperature</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732962.rdf
Name: Sal
Units: parts per thousand
Description: <p>Salinity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732963.rdf
Name: Sample
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Sample site description</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732964.rdf
Name: Number_of_Clams
Units: individuals
Description: <p>Count of clams contained in the incubation vial</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732965.rdf
Name: Rep
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Replicate number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732966.rdf
Name: O2_rate_1st_flux
Units: micromoles of O2 per meter squared per hour (µmol O2 m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Oxygen (O2) fluxes before any 15NO3 addition, determined by O2/Ar</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732967.rdf
Name: N2_1st_flux
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Dinitrogen (N2) first flux value before any 15NO3 addition</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732968.rdf
Name: O2
Units: milligrams per liter (mg/L)
Description: <p>Dissolved oxygen measured in the water column from first flux value before any 15NO3 addition</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732969.rdf
Name: NOx_1st_flux
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Nitrate plus nitrite (NOx) from the first flux before any 15NO3 addition</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732970.rdf
Name: NH4_1st_flux
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Ammonium (NH4) flux from the first flux before any 15NO3 addition</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732971.rdf
Name: SRP_1st_flux
Units: micromoles of phosphorous per meter squared per hour (µmol P m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Phosphate (PO4-3) flux from the first flux before any 15NO3 addition</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732972.rdf
Name: p28_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Produciton of N2 gas of mass 28 measured after the addition of 15NO3</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732973.rdf
Name: p29_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Produciton of N2 gas of mass 29 measured after the addition of 15NO3</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732974.rdf
Name: p30_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Produciton of N2 gas of mass 30 measured after the addition of 15NO3</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732975.rdf
Name: D15_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Potential denitrification of the 15NO3- added to the water column for the addition of 15NO3, see Smyth et al. 2017 for calculation details (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732976.rdf
Name: D14_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Denitrification of ambient 14NO3- in the water after the addition of 15NO3, see Smyth et al. 2017 for calculation details (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732977.rdf
Name: D_total_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Sum of D14_IPT and D15_IPT, the total amount of NO3 that was denitrified either from the addition of 15NO3 or ambient 14NO3</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732978.rdf
Name: Inflow_14NOx_IPT
Units: micromolar (µM)
Description: <p>Concentration of 14NO3 in the resovior water prior to the addition of 15NO3</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732979.rdf
Name: Inflow_15NOx_IPT
Units: micromolar (µM)
Description: <p>Concentration of 15NO3 in the resovior after the addition of 15NO3</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732980.rdf
Name: Inflow_14NO3_to_15NO3_IPT
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Ratio of 14NO3 in the resovior water to the 15NO3 in the resovior water</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732981.rdf
Name: Dw_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Denitrification rate of nitrate in the water column calculated based on the concentration (?M) of 15NO3- relative to 14NO3- in the inflow water times D15 (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux), see Smyth et al. 2017 for details</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732982.rdf
Name: Dn_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Denitrification rate supported by nitrate produced through nitrification in the sediments calculated by the difference between D14 and Dw (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732983.rdf
Name: NOx_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Nitrate plus nitrite (NOx) flux after the 15NO3- addition (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732984.rdf
Name: NH4_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Ammonium (NH4) flux after the 15NO3- addition (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732985.rdf
Name: DNRA15_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Potential dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) based on the 15NO3- added to the water column for the addition of 15NO3, see Smyth et al. 2017 for calculation details (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732986.rdf
Name: DNRA14_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) ambient 14NO3- in the water after the addition of 15NO3, see Smyth et al. 2017 for calculation details (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732987.rdf
Name: DNRAw_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) of nitrate in the water column calculated based on the concentration (?M) of 15NO3- relative to 14NO3- in the inflow water times DNRA15 (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux), see Smyth et al. 2017 for details</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732988.rdf
Name: DNRAn_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) supported by nitrate produced through nitrification in the sediments calculated by the difference between DNRA14 and DNRAw (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732989.rdf
Name: Dt_to_N2O_IPT
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Ratio of total denitrification to the N2O flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732990.rdf
Name: N_N2O_flux_IPT
Units: micromoles of nitrogen per meter squared per hour (µmol N m-2 hr-1)
Description: <p>Nitrous oxide (N2O) flux after the 15NO3- addition (isotope pairing technique (IPT) flux)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732991.rdf
Name: Lat
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Smith Island latitude</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/732992.rdf
Name: Lon
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Smith Island longitude</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
8417
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/file/l880lR5HX3OnEZ/Smith_Island_2014_Flux.csv
Smith_Island_2014_Flux.csv
Primary data file for dataset ID 721983
download
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/721983/data/download
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Methodology</strong></p>
<p>Sediment samples were collected near Smith Island, VA in Smith Island Bay. Smith Island is one of the southern barrier islands of the Delmarva Peninsula and part of the Virginia Coastal Reserve Long Term Ecological Research site. A restored oyster reef, isolated on a mudflat, clam bed used as part of an aquaculture lease and subtidal sand flat were established as sampling locations. Studies were conducted seasonally in August 2013, April 2014, July 2014, and November 2014. At each event, samples were taken for sediment biogeochemical flux incubations and sediment&nbsp;physico-chemical&nbsp;properties (sediment organic matter, benthic algal biomass, porewater nutrients).</p>
<p>For sediment flux incubations, triplicate sediment cores (9.5cm i.d. X 10 cm sediment depth) were collected by hand at each of the three locations: restored oyster reefs, clam aquaculture beds and subtidal bare sediments located approximately 50m from the reef and aquaculture. Samples from the oyster reef were collected directly adjacent to the reef. For the clam aquaculture samples, the predator exclusion net was taken off prior to sample collection. Associated infauna&nbsp;were&nbsp;not removed from any of the samples (i.e. live clams were included in the clam aquaculture cores). On average there were 4 clams per core with a mean biomass density of 493 ± 42.94g DW m<sup>-2</sup>.&nbsp; However, oyster reef cores did not contain live oysters. Water chemistry was assessed with a YSI and ~170 L of water was collected from Smith Island Bay for use in the continuous flow core incubations. Samples were also collected for dissolved nutrient analysis.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Upon collection, sediment cores and water were transported to an environmental chamber set&nbsp;to&nbsp;<em>in situ</em>&nbsp;temperature at The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) in Gloucester Point, VA. Once at VIMS, cores were submerged in site water to mimic high tide (saturated) conditions and held in the dark for 12-16 hrs. The following day each core was sealed with&nbsp;gas tight&nbsp;lids equipped with an inflow and outflow port and incubated in a continuous flow system. Cores were acclimated for 24 hours before sampling to allow the system to reach steady state. Samples for dissolved nutrients and gasses were collected from the outflow port of each sediment core three times over the course of 24 hours after an initial pre-incubation period. A bypass line that flowed directly into the sample vial was used to determine the concentration of dissolved constituents entering the cores. This line also accounted for tubing and pump effects on water chemistry.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Isotopic enrichment experiments were conducted to determine rates of denitrification. After the initial sampling period, the reservoir water was enriched with&nbsp;<sup>15</sup>N-NaNO<sub>3</sub>&nbsp;(98atm%) to a final concentration of ~100 μmol L<sup>-1</sup>. Samples were collected for dissolved gas analysis three times after the initial 24-hour acclimation period after the reservoir was enriched. The concentration of&nbsp;<sup>29</sup>N<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<sup>30</sup>N<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;was measured using a membrane inlet mass spectrometer (MIMS). The details of methods are published in Smyth et al. (2017).</p>
<p>Nutrients and isotopic composition of N2 and NH4+ were used to calculate the fluxes and rates as reported in Smyth et al. (2017).</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>BCO-DMO Data Manager Processing Notes:<br />
* added a conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date<br />
* modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions (no spaces, hyphens, names that start with numbers)<br />
* "No Data" changed to "nd" which is a recognized value in the BCO-DMO system for no data.<br />
* added site latitude and longitude (Lat,Lon) supplied by the contributor. Values were converted from degrees decimal minutes to decimal degrees and&nbsp;rounded to five decimal places.&nbsp;<br />
* data parameter names changed due to unsupported<br />
* original Excel file had merged cells to indicate columns for first flux, or&nbsp;IPT.&nbsp; Added _1st_flux or _IPT to data parameters to capture this information.&nbsp; See the "Parameters" section for full description of the data parameters.<br />
&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Deployment: Smith_Island_Song
Smith_Island_Song
shoreside Virginia
shoreside
Smith_Island_Song
Bongkeun Song
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
shoreside Virginia
shoreside