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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Ries, J. B. (2017) Average measured temperature, salinity, TA, DIC, and pH; Average calculated pCO2, pH, carbonate ion concentration, bicarbonate ion concentration, dissolved CO2, and aragonite saturation state. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2017-12-28 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/722024 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Dataset Description: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Seawater chemistry for experiments investigating impact of ocean acidification on coral (&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Siderastrea siderea&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;)&amp;amp;nbsp;calcification and morphometry.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;See also related datasets for &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Siderastrea siderea&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;calcification rates and corallite morphometry:&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/722025&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Calcification rates&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/722026&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Corallite morphometry&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Data are published in:&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Horvath, K.M., Ries, J.B., Castillo, K.D., Westfield, I.T., Armstrong, P., Courtney, T., 2016, Next-century ocean acidification and warming both reduce calcification rate, but only acidification alters skeletal morphology of reef-building coral &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Siderastrea siderea&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;. Scientific Reports 6: 29613. doi: &amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;https://www.nature.com/articles/srep29613&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;10.1038/srep29613&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Please see manuscript for complete methodology.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; Methods and Sampling:</gco:CharacterString>
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The anthropogenic elevation of atmospheric CO2 is causing the oceans to become more acidic, which may make it more challenging for corals to build their skeletons and, ultimately, entire reef structures. How corals respond to future ocean acidification will largely depend on how the pH of the internal fluid from which they produce their skeletons-their so-called calcifying fluid-is impacted by the surrounding seawater. It is therefore essential that current methods are refined to accurately measure the pH of corals' calcifying fluids in order to understand and, ideally, predict their responses to CO2-induced ocean acidification. In this project, a three-pronged approach to measure calcifying fluid pH within three species of reef-forming corals will be used to assess how their calcifying fluid pH responds to experimentally induced ocean acidification. This research will improve our understanding of corals' responses to ocean acidification and thus has the potential to inform the decisions of policy makers and legislators seeking to mitigate the deleterious effects of rising atmospheric CO2 on marine ecosystems. The work will support the development of three early career scientists, a postdoctoral fellow, graduate students, and undergraduate researcher assistants-several of whom are from underrepresented groups in the earth and ocean sciences. Results will be widely disseminated through publications, conference presentations, the PIs' websites, an educational film, coursework, and outreach activities at area schools, museums, and science centers.&lt;/p&gt;
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	Name: Experiment
	Units: A,B,C,D
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Each experiment was conducted under different temperature and pCO2 conditions. A= 31.9 degrees C and pCO2= 424 ppm-v; B= 28.1 degrees C and 246 ppm-v, C= 31.8 degrees C and 940 ppm-v; D= 28.0 degrees C and 888 ppm-v.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725760.rdf
	Name: Temp_m
	Units: degrees Celsius
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average measured temperature of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725761.rdf
	Name: Temp_m_SE
	Units: degrees Celsius
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average measured temperature of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725762.rdf
	Name: Temp_m_range_min
	Units: degrees Celsius
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minimum for average measured temperature of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725763.rdf
	Name: Temp_m_range_max
	Units: degrees Celsius
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average measured temperature of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725764.rdf
	Name: Temp_m_n
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average measured temperature of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725765.rdf
	Name: Sal_m
	Units: psu
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average measured salinity of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725766.rdf
	Name: Sal_m_SE
	Units: psu
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average measured salinity of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725767.rdf
	Name: Sal_m_range_min
	Units: psu
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minimum for average measured salinity of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725768.rdf
	Name: Sal_m_range_max
	Units: psu
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average measured salinity of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725769.rdf
	Name: Sal_m_n
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average measured salinity of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725770.rdf
	Name: pH_m
	Units: pH scale
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average measured pH of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725771.rdf
	Name: pH_m_SE
	Units: pH scale
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average measured pH of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725772.rdf
	Name: pH_m_range_min
	Units: pH scale
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minimum for average measured pH of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725773.rdf
	Name: pH_m_range_max
	Units: pH scale
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average measured pH of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725774.rdf
	Name: pH_m_n
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average measured pH of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725775.rdf
	Name: TA_m
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average measured total alkalinity (TA) of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725776.rdf
	Name: TA_m_SE
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average measured total alkalinity (TA) of the experimental seawater experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725777.rdf
	Name: TA_m_range_min
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minimum for average measured total alkalinity (TA) of the experimental seawater experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725778.rdf
	Name: TA_m_range_max
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average measured total alkalinity (TA) of the experimental seawater experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725779.rdf
	Name: TA_m_n
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average measured total alkalinity (TA) of the experimental seawater experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725780.rdf
	Name: DIC_m
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average measured dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725781.rdf
	Name: DIC_m_SE
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average measured dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725782.rdf
	Name: DIC_m_range_min
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minimum for average measured dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725783.rdf
	Name: DIC_m_range_max
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average measured dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725784.rdf
	Name: DIC_m_n
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average measured dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725785.rdf
	Name: pCO2_c
	Units: ppm-v
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average calculated pCO2 of the mixed gases in equilibrium with the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725786.rdf
	Name: pCO2_c_SE
	Units: ppm-v
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average calculated pCO2 of the mixed gases in equilibrium with the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725787.rdf
	Name: pCO2_c_range_min
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minimum for average calculated pCO2 of the mixed gases in equilibrium with the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725788.rdf
	Name: pCO2_c_range_max
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average calculated pCO2 of the mixed gases in equilibrium with the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725789.rdf
	Name: pCO2_c_n
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average calculated pCO2 of the mixed gases in equilibrium with the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725790.rdf
	Name: pH_c
	Units: pH scale
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average calculated pH of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725791.rdf
	Name: pH_c_SE
	Units: pH scale
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average calculated pH of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725792.rdf
	Name: pH_c_range_min
	Units: pH scale
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minimum for average calculated pH of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725793.rdf
	Name: pH_c_range_max
	Units: pH scale
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average calculated pH of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725794.rdf
	Name: pH_c_n
	Units: pH scale
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average calculated pH of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725795.rdf
	Name: CO3_c
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average calculated carbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725796.rdf
	Name: CO3_c_SE
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average calculated carbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725797.rdf
	Name: CO3_c_range_min
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minimum for average calculated carbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725798.rdf
	Name: CO3_c_range_max
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average calculated carnonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725799.rdf
	Name: CO3_c_n
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average calculated carbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725800.rdf
	Name: HCO3_c
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average calculated bicarbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725801.rdf
	Name: HCO3_c_SE
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average calculated bicarbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725802.rdf
	Name: HCO3_c_range_min
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minimum for average calculated bicarbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725803.rdf
	Name: HCO3_c_range_max
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average calculated bicarbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725804.rdf
	Name: HCO3_c_n
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average calculated bicarbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725805.rdf
	Name: CO2sw_c
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average calculated dissolved CO2 of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725806.rdf
	Name: CO2sw_c_SE
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average dissolved CO2 of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725807.rdf
	Name: CO2sw_c_range_min
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minimum for average dissolved CO2 of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725808.rdf
	Name: CO2sw_c_range_max
	Units: uM
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average dissolved CO2 of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725809.rdf
	Name: CO2sw_c_n
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average dissolved CO2 in exerimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725810.rdf
	Name: Arag_sat_c
	Units: omega
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average calculated aragonite saturation state of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725811.rdf
	Name: Arag_sat_c_SE
	Units: omega
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Standard error for average calculated aragonite saturation state of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725812.rdf
	Name: Arag_sat_c_range_min
	Units: omega
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range minumum for average calculated aragonite saturation state of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725813.rdf
	Name: Arag_sat_c_range_max
	Units: omaga
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Range maximum for average calculated aragonite saturation state of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/725814.rdf
	Name: Arag_sat_c_n
	Units: number
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Number of measurements for average calculated aragonite saturation state of the experimental seawater&lt;/p&gt; 
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    <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/affiliation/191.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)</gmx:Anchor>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>Unavailable</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>508-289-2009</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>WHOI MS#36</gco:CharacterString>
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				  <gmd:city>
				    <gco:CharacterString>Woods Hole</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>MA</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>02543</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>USA</gco:CharacterString>
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		  </gmd:address>
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            <gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:URL>http://www.bco-dmo.org</gmd:URL>
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          </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
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		  <gmd:hoursOfService>
        <gco:CharacterString>Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm</gco:CharacterString>
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		  <gmd:contactInstructions>
		    <gco:CharacterString>For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.</gco:CharacterString>
		  </gmd:contactInstructions>
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    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="pointOfContact"  codeSpace="007">pointOfContact</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
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      </gmd:contact>
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  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/686.rdf" xlink:title="MARIANDA VINDTA 3C total inorganic carbon and titration alkalinity analyser" xlink:actuate="onRequest">MARIANDA corporation VINDTA 3C</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>MARIANDA corporation VINDTA 3C</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: MARIANDA corporation VINDTA 3C Instrument Name: MARIANDA VINDTA 3C total inorganic carbon and titration alkalinity analyser Instrument Short Name:inorganic carbon and alkalinity analyser   Instrument Description: The Versatile INstrument for the Determination of Total inorganic carbon and titration Alkalinity (VINDTA) 3C is a laboratory alkalinity titration system combined with an extraction unit for coulometric titration, which simultaneously determines the alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon content of a sample. The sample transport is performed with peristaltic pumps and acid is added to the sample using a membrane pump. No pressurizing system is required and only one gas supply (nitrogen or dry and CO2-free air) is necessary. The system uses a Metrohm Titrino 719S, an ORION-Ross pH electrode and a Metrohm reference electrode. The burette, the pipette and the analysis cell have a water jacket around them. Precision is typically +/- 1 umol/kg for TA and/or DIC in open ocean water. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0481/</gco:CharacterString>
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