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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Kapsenberg, L. (2018) Average pH from replicate spectrophotometric measurements during laboratory experiments using a Durafet pH sensor in February of 2017 (pHVAR project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Version Date 2018-01-16 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/723785 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Average pH from replicate spectrophotometric measurements Dataset Description: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Average pH from replicate spectrophotometric measurements during a laboratory&amp;amp;nbsp;experiment using Durafet pH sensors. This experiment was conducted at Villefranche-sur-Mer, France on Feb. 27th, 2017.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:sans-serif,arial,verdana,trebuchet ms; font-size:13px&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The pH time series from Durafet sensors collected during this experiment are available in a separate dataset: &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Durafet methods development: pH time series&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/723336&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;color: rgb(7, 130, 193); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &amp;amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;amp;quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/723336&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;These data are presented in the&amp;amp;nbsp;following publication:&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family:arial,sans-serif&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Kapsenberg, L., Bockmon, E. E., Bresnahan, P. J., Kroeker, K. J., Gattuso, J. P., &amp;amp;amp; Martz, T. R. (2017). Advancing ocean acidification biology using Durafet® pH electrodes.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Frontiers in Marine Science&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family:arial,sans-serif&amp;quot;&amp;gt;,&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family:arial,sans-serif&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, 321.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;doi:&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00321&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;10.3389/fmars.2017.00321&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;These data originate from methods development of UDA-Durafet pH electrodes. Briefly, pH electrodes are calibrated against spectrophotometric pH measurements prior to the experiment. A post-calibration spectrophotometric pH measurement is used to correct the time series to the same pH value at the time of sampling, at the end of the experiment. Upon conclusion of the experiment, spectrophotometric pH measurements are used to identify any change in electrode performance. The precision of pH measurements is 0.008 (Kapsenberg et al., 2017). Data are not corrected for any offset in post-experiment spectrophotometric pH measurement.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Sampling and analytical procedures (Spectrophotometric pH measurement using purified m-cresol) are Dickson et al. 2007.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;References:&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family:arial,sans-serif&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Dickson, A. G., Sabine, C. L., &amp;amp;amp; Christian, J. R. (2007). Guide to best practices for ocean CO2 measurements.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; PICES Special Publication&amp;amp;nbsp;3, p. 191.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Available at http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/Handbook_2007/Guide_all_in_one.pdf&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family:arial,sans-serif&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Kapsenberg, L., Bockmon, E. E., Bresnahan, P. J., Kroeker, K. J., Gattuso, J. P., &amp;amp;amp; Martz, T. R. (2017). Advancing ocean acidification biology using Durafet® pH electrodes.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Frontiers in Marine Science&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family:arial,sans-serif&amp;quot;&amp;gt;,&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family:arial,sans-serif&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, 321.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;doi:&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00321&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;10.3389/fmars.2017.00321&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/720348.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-1521597" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1521597 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1521597</gmx:Anchor>
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&lt;p&gt;Experiments investigating the effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms often ignore the spatio-temporal variability in seawater pH that is present in coastal marine ecosystems. Such heterogeneity in pH may provide temporal refuge from corrosive seawater under future levels of acidification. Utilizing a combination of field and lab experiments, this project will evaluate the influence of pH variability and interactive effects of warming and acidification on mussel physiology through several levels of biological organization. Should variability in pH provide beneficial effects on mussel development and growth, results of the project provide an avenue for local management of ocean acidification in coastal regions and aquaculture practices.&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;Kapsenberg, L., Miglioli, A., Bitter, M. C., Tambutté, E., Dumollard, R., and Gattuso, J. P. (2018) Ocean pH fluctuations affect mussel larvae at key developmental transitions, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 285, 20182381, doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2381.&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;Kapsenberg, L, DK Okamoto, J Dutton, and GE Hofmann (2017) Sensitivity of sea urchin fertilization to pH varies across a natural pH mosaic. Ecology and Evolution 7: 1737-1750. doi:10.1002/ece3.2776&lt;/p&gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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				  </gmd:administrativeArea>
				  <gmd:postalCode>
				    <gco:CharacterString>02543</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:postalCode>
				  <gmd:country>
				    <gco:CharacterString>USA</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:country>
				  <gmd:electronicMailAddress>
				    <gco:CharacterString>info@bco-dmo.org</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:electronicMailAddress>
		    </gmd:CI_Address>
		  </gmd:address>
      <gmd:onlineResource>
          <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
            <gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:URL>http://www.bco-dmo.org</gmd:URL>
            </gmd:linkage>
          </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
        </gmd:onlineResource>
		  <gmd:hoursOfService>
        <gco:CharacterString>Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:hoursOfService>
		  <gmd:contactInstructions>
		    <gco:CharacterString>For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.</gco:CharacterString>
		  </gmd:contactInstructions>
		</gmd:CI_Contact>
  </gmd:contactInfo>
  <gmd:role>
    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="pointOfContact"  codeSpace="007">pointOfContact</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
  </gmd:role>
</gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
      </gmd:contact>
    </gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
  </gmd:metadataMaintenance>
  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/674.rdf" xlink:title="pH Sensor" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Honeywell UDA2182 and Honeywell Durafet III pH electrodes</gmx:Anchor>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Honeywell UDA2182 and Honeywell Durafet III pH electrodes</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Honeywell UDA2182 and Honeywell Durafet III pH electrodes Instrument Name: pH Sensor Instrument Short Name:pH Sensor   Instrument Description: An instrument that measures the hydrogen ion activity in solutions.

The overall concentration of hydrogen ions is inversely related to its pH.  The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 and indicates whether acidic (more H+) or basic (less H+). </gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      </gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
  </gmi:acquisitionInformation>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>
