Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
---|---|---|
Ries, Justin B. | Northeastern University | Principal Investigator |
Switzer, Megan | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | Data Manager |
Seawater chemistry for experiments investigating impact of ocean acidification and warming on dissolution kinetics of 10 species of marine calcifiers. This dataset contains measured and calculated values of seawater chemistry.
See also related datasets for temperature and polymorph mineralogy, calcification rates, and dissolution rates.
Temperature and polymorph mineralogy
Calcification rates
Dissolution rates
These data are published in:
Ries, J.B., Ghazaleh, M.N., Connolly, B., Westfield, I., Castillo, K.D., 2016, Impacts of ocean acidification and warming on the dissolution kinetics of whole-shell biogenic carbonates. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 192: 318–337. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2016.07.001
Please see manuscript for complete methodology.
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723864.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 1.82 KB) MD5:71b0eb87be5d809c6671ca414393c8a8 Primary data file for dataset ID 723864 |
Parameter | Description | Units |
Experiment | Each experiment was conducted under different temperature and pCO2 conditions. A= 10.1 degrees C and pCO2= 497 uatm; B= 24.9 degrees C and 535 uatm, C= 10.1 degrees C and 4144 uatm; D= 24.9 degrees C and 4870 uatm; E= 10.0 degrees C and 5841 uatm; F= 25.0 degrees C and 9212 uatm. | A,B,C,D,E,F |
Temp_m | Average measured temperature of the experimental seawater | degrees Celsius |
Temp_m_SE | Standard error for average measured temperature of the experimental seawater | degrees Celsius |
Temp_m_range_min | Range minimum for average measured temperature of the experimental seawater | degrees Celsius |
Temp_m_range_max | Range maximum for average measured temperature of the experimental seawater | degrees Celsius |
Temp_m_n | Number of measurements for average measured temperature of the experimental seawater | number |
Sal_m | Average measured salinity of the experimental seawater | psu |
Sal_m_SE | Standard error for average measured salinity of the experimental seawater | psu |
Sal_m_range_min | Range minimum for average measured salinity of the experimental seawater | psu |
Sal_m_range_max | Range maximum for average measured salinity of the experimental seawater | psu |
Sal_m_n | Number of measurements for average measured salinity of the experimental seawater | number |
TA_m | Average measured total alkalinity (TA) of the experimental seawater | uM |
TA_m_SE | Standard error for average measured total alkalinity (TA) of the experimental seawater experimental seawater | uM |
TA_m_range_min | Range minimum for average measured total alkalinity (TA) of the experimental seawater experimental seawater | uM |
TA_m_range_max | Range maximum for average measured total alkalinity (TA) of the experimental seawater experimental seawater | uM |
TA_m_n | Number of measurements for average measured total alkalinity (TA) of the experimental seawater experimental seawater | number |
DIC_m | Average measured dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the experimental seawater | uM |
DIC_m_SE | Standard error for average measured dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the experimental seawater | uM |
DIC_m_range_min | Range minimum for average measured dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the experimental seawater | uM |
DIC_m_range_max | Range maximum for average measured dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the experimental seawater | uM |
DIC_m_n | Number of measurements for average measured dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the experimental seawater | number |
pCO2_c | Average calculated pCO2 of the mixed gases in equilibrium with the experimental seawater | ppm-v |
pCO2_c_SE | Standard error for average calculated pCO2 of the mixed gases in equilibrium with the experimental seawater | ppm-v |
pCO2_c_range_min | Range minimum for average calculated pCO2 of the mixed gases in equilibrium with the experimental seawater | number |
pCO2_c_range_max | Range maximum for average calculated pCO2 of the mixed gases in equilibrium with the experimental seawater | number |
pCO2_c_n | Number of measurements for average calculated pCO2 of the mixed gases in equilibrium with the experimental seawater | number |
pH_c | Average calculated pH of the experimental seawater | pH scale |
pH_c_SE | Standard error for average calculated pH of the experimental seawater | pH scale |
pH_c_range_min | Range minimum for average calculated pH of the experimental seawater | pH scale |
pH_c_range_max | Range maximum for average calculated pH of the experimental seawater | pH scale |
pH_c_n | Number of measurements for average calculated pH of the experimental seawater | pH scale |
CO3_c | Average calculated carbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater | uM |
CO3_c_SE | Standard error for average calculated carbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater | uM |
CO3_c_range_min | Range minimum for average calculated carbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater | uM |
CO3_c_range_max | Range maximum for average calculated carnonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater | uM |
CO3_c_n | Number of measurements for average calculated carbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater | number |
HCO3_c | Average calculated bicarbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater | uM |
HCO3_c_SE | Standard error for average calculated bicarbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater | uM |
HCO3_c_range_min | Range minimum for average calculated bicarbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater | uM |
HCO3_c_range_max | Range maximum for average calculated bicarbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater | uM |
HCO3_c_n | Number of measurements for average calculated bicarbonate ion concentration of the experimental seawater | uM |
CO2sw_c | Average calculated dissolved CO2 of the experimental seawater | uM |
CO2sw_c_SE | Standard error for average dissolved CO2 of the experimental seawater | uM |
CO2sw_c_range_min | Range minimum for average dissolved CO2 of the experimental seawater | uM |
CO2sw_c_range_max | Range maximum for average dissolved CO2 of the experimental seawater | uM |
CO2sw_c_n | Number of measurements for average dissolved CO2 in exerimental seawater | number |
Arag_sat_c | Average calculated aragonite saturation state of the experimental seawater | omega |
Arag_sat_c_SE | Standard error for average calculated aragonite saturation state of the experimental seawater | omega |
Arag_sat_c_range_min | Range minumum for average calculated aragonite saturation state of the experimental seawater | omega |
Arag_sat_c_range_max | Range maximum for average calculated aragonite saturation state of the experimental seawater | omaga |
Arag_sat_c_n | Number of measurements for average calculated aragonite saturation state of the experimental seawater | number |
Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Thermo Scientific Orion 2 Star benchtop pH meter |
Generic Instrument Name | Benchtop pH Meter |
Dataset-specific Description | Thermo Scientific Orion 2 Star benchtop pH meter with an Orion 9156BNWP pH probe |
Generic Instrument Description | An instrument consisting of an electronic voltmeter and pH-responsive electrode that gives a direct conversion of voltage differences to differences of pH at the measurement temperature. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms)
This instrument does not map to the NERC instrument vocabulary term for 'pH Sensor' which measures values in the water column. Benchtop models are typically employed for stationary lab applications. |
Dataset-specific Instrument Name | NIST-calibrated partial-immersion organic‑filled glass thermometer |
Generic Instrument Name | Thermometer |
Generic Instrument Description | A device designed to measure temperature. |
Description from NSF award abstract:
The anthropogenic elevation of atmospheric CO2 is causing the oceans to become more acidic, which may make it more challenging for corals to build their skeletons and, ultimately, entire reef structures. How corals respond to future ocean acidification will largely depend on how the pH of the internal fluid from which they produce their skeletons-their so-called calcifying fluid-is impacted by the surrounding seawater. It is therefore essential that current methods are refined to accurately measure the pH of corals' calcifying fluids in order to understand and, ideally, predict their responses to CO2-induced ocean acidification. In this project, a three-pronged approach to measure calcifying fluid pH within three species of reef-forming corals will be used to assess how their calcifying fluid pH responds to experimentally induced ocean acidification. This research will improve our understanding of corals' responses to ocean acidification and thus has the potential to inform the decisions of policy makers and legislators seeking to mitigate the deleterious effects of rising atmospheric CO2 on marine ecosystems. The work will support the development of three early career scientists, a postdoctoral fellow, graduate students, and undergraduate researcher assistants-several of whom are from underrepresented groups in the earth and ocean sciences. Results will be widely disseminated through publications, conference presentations, the PIs' websites, an educational film, coursework, and outreach activities at area schools, museums, and science centers.
Corals and other types of marine calcifiers are thought to begin the mineralization of their calcium carbonate skeletons by actively elevating pH of their calcifying fluid, thereby converting bicarbonate ions (comprising ~90% of seawater dissolved inorganic carbon) to carbonate ions, the form of carbon used in calcification. This project will compare the combined boron isotope, pH microelectrode, and pH-sensitive dye approach to measure the calcifying fluid pH of three species of scleractinian corals, and to assess how their calcifying fluid pH (a primary factor controlling their calcification) responds to experimentally induced ocean acidification. As a result this multi-pronged approach to measuring calcifying fluid pH of the same coral species under equivalent culturing conditions will permit the first systematic cross-examination of the validity of these independent approaches. The combined approach will also yield values of calcifying fluid pH with uncertainties that can be quantified via inter-comparison and statistical treatment of these independent measurements. Importantly, this multi-pronged approach will be used on three coral species that due to differences in the carbonate chemistry of their native waters possess differing capacities for proton regulation at their site of calcification; a deep, cold-water coral (strong proton-pumper); a shallow, temperate coral (moderate proton-pumper); and a shallow, tropical coral (weak proton-pumper). Target outcomes of this research include (1) cross-examination of the validity of three independent approaches to estimating coral calcifying fluid pH, (2) quantification of uncertainty associated with the three approaches to estimating coral calcifying fluid pH, (3) advancement of our mechanistic understanding of coral calcification, (4) exploration of the mechanism by which ocean acidification impacts coral calcification, (5) elucidation why corals exhibit such varied responses to ocean acidification, (6) identification of coral types most vulnerable to ocean acidification, (7) exploration of so-called "vital effects" that limit the use of corals in paleoceanographic reconstructions, and (8) quantitative constraint of existing models of coral biomineralization.
Funding Source | Award |
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NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) | |
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) |