19:I[42426,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1xctgzqre-wsy.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_-wz6pdtp2b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/30e52g49hg40p.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/02yq6tul2z-oh.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/10bx_ec2vj7n_.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/33bfn03fo8xnt.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/0tfjf78scu61b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/31xnvej4n1bi9.js"],"default"] 1a:T1023,

We simulated documented behaviors using the Autonomous Behaving Lagrangian Explorer (ABLE). It can be programmed to maintain depth or vertically migrate in response to in-situ variables, like the larvae under study. It can reveal quasi-Lagrangian transport of vertically migrating plankters that swim between water parcels at different depths. ABLE weighs 3 kg and is 36 cm tall, topped by a 15 cm antenna mast. It necessarily integrates water motions at and below its own scale. Consequently, it cannot mimic transport of individual plankters, nor diffusive processes at scales smaller than its own. ABLE best simulates the transport of the centroid of a cloud of plankters that is large relative to its own dimensions.

ABLE dynamically calculates its target depth from measurements of its immediate microenvironment and a behavioral model for the organism being simulated. It moves toward the new target depth at a biologically realistic velocity, permitting it to show transport consequences of adaptive behaviors in response to actual (not average) conditions and actual (not modeled) water movements. Because behavioral patterns are under the experimenter’s control, ABLE can reveal effects of either known or hypothetical behavior patterns. ABLE has no structures outside the parcel of water in which it is embedded, hence no extraneous drag that would cause drift errors. Use of ABLE (unlike modeling) requires no a priori characterization of the system before the first data can be collected; immediately upon deployment it begins yielding information on how water and organisms in the system move.

Although ABLE has no extraneous drag, hence no drift errors, while embedded in the tracked water parcel, it must periodically leave that parcel and make excursions to the surface to obtain and transmit GPS fixes. A drift error is created by velocity differences (relative to the target parcel) at other depths multiplied by the time ABLE spends transiting each during a pop-up, which cannot be simply estimated in heterogeneous systems. A rule of thumb analogous to that for suspended-drogue drifters would be that ABLE must spend <1/40 of the time making excursions to the surface. As target (operating) depth increases, transit time to the surface increases, and hence allowable fix frequency decreases.

To facilitate tracking, it has an ultrasonic beacon that provides bearings and telemeters depth during operation at depth; when at the surface it obtains fixes from its GPS receiver and transmits the fix data by VHF radio (short range) and satellite modem (global range). The GPS fix obtained at each surface interval is logged in ABLE’s data memory, even if it is not received by the Globalstar satellite system. To facilitate recovery at the sea surface, it transmits updated fixes continuously by VHF and periodically via satellite while blinking high-brightness LED beacons for visual fixes. We also command ABLE to surface for recovery by decoding ultrasonic signals while rejecting noise from surf and biota. It senses the bottom and swims up a programmed distance above the substrate.

When deployed, it uses measurements of in-situ variables (depth, T, S, PAR, time of day, vertical speed relative to water). It subtly adjusts buoyancy (by < 1g) to "swim" toward that target depth, maintaining a rate realistic for the organism being simulated (0 to >10 cm/s). It periodically pops to the surface to obtain a GPS fix and transmit it by VHF, ultrasonic pinger and satellite (or cell phone) modem. Along its entire trajectory, it logs in-situ measurements; the suite of variables and frequency of logging are user-selectable. On the bench, ABLE communicates by wireless Bluetooth with a host computer or smart phone and presents a menu for downloading logged data, testing and calibrating sensors, altering data logging parameters, or even rewriting the entire program. Endurance during deployments is about 2 wk with 7 NiMH "D" cells, depending on frequency of excursions to the surface and pumping of ballast to hoist antennas.

1b:T8ec,Description from NSF award abstract: The majority of larvae of coastal marine species are planktonic and generally weak swimmers. Thus, they are thought to be dispersed widely by coastal currents. However, there is accumulating evidence that their behavior can strongly influence their transport: some remain within estuaries, while others make true migrations between adult and larval habitats, even out to the edge of the continental shelf and back. Rates and directions of larval transport are thought to be determined largely by the timing, duration, and amplitude of vertical migrations and the mean depth that larvae occupy in stratified flows. The PIs propose to provide one of the first direct tests of how behavior affects across-shelf and alongshore transport using biomimetic drifters. The study will be conducted in a region of persistent upwelling, where strong currents are widely believed to overwhelm larval swimming and limit recruitment to adult populations. Knowledge of underlying mechanisms regulating larval transport is central to understanding ecology and evolution in the sea and anticipating the impacts of climate change on marine populations and communities. The proposed research will provide the first experimental field-test of how larval behavior affects the rates, directions and distances of transport and population connectivity in an upwelling regime. The PIs will test three hypotheses: 1. Residence below the wind-driven surface layer and vertical migrations below that layer keep larvae closer to shore compared to residence in the surface layer or larvae without depth preferences and vertical migration. 2. Residence at depth enhances northward transport near shore, and vertical migration leads to decreased alongshore mean displacement but increased variance for a group. 3. Depth preferences and vertical migrations have pronounced effects on retention and transport of plankton in upwelling regions. The study will compare direct measurements from mimetic drifters with observed and modeled cross-shelf larval distributions, and with modeled alongshore transport. Results will be broadly applicable to upwelling regimes along the western margins of continents, and the approach can be applied to non-upwelling systems throughout the world.6:["$","$L19",null,{"dataset":{"_id":"724215","description":"

Subsurface instrument data for each ABLE unit during each deployment, including environmental data records and logs of instrument actions such as pump strokes for changing buoyancy.

\n","problem":"","acquisition":"$1a","processing":"

Data has been manually reformatted to accommodate columns and rows.
\nFlag descriptions:
\n0 – no QC,
\n1 – good,
\n2 – unreliable,
\n3 – bad,
\n4 – changed,
\n5 – no data.

BCO-DMO Processing:
\n- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions (replaced . with _ );
\n- replaced blanks (missing data) and NA with \"nd\";
\n- converted date/time fields to ISO 8601 format;
\n- 30-Jan-2019: appended the 2018 data to 2016-2017 data.

\n","bcodmoProcessing":"","title":"Subsurface data from ABLE deployments in the upwelling region of the west coast of northern California from 2016-2018","nickname":"ABLE Subsurface 2016-18","dataUrl":"","currentState":"Final no updates expected","currentStateId":"7","validated":true,"restricted":false,"version":"2","version_date":"2019-01-30T05:00:00.000Z","abstract":"Subsurface instrument data for each ABLE unit during each deployment, including environmental data records and logs of instrument actions such as pump strokes for changing buoyancy. ABLE instruments were deployed in the upwelling region of the west coast of northern California from 2016-2018.","citation":"Morgan, S., Largier, J., Wolcott, D., Wolcott, T. (2019) Subsurface data from ABLE deployments in the upwelling region of the west coast of northern California from 2016-2018. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 2) Version Date 2019-01-30 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.724215.2 [access date]","citationParts":{"identifier":"doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.724215.2","versionDate":"2019-01-30","versionId":"2","year":"2019","title":"Subsurface data from ABLE deployments in the upwelling region of the west coast of northern California from 2016-2018","authors":"Morgan, S., Largier, J., Wolcott, D., Wolcott, T.","publisher":"Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)."},"doi":"10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.724215.2","release_date":null,"field_dataset_location":"","temporal_extent":{"start":"2016-06-06T04:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-07-07T04:00:00.000Z"},"temporal":{"resolution":"time:unitDay","type":"time:Interval","start":{"value":"1465185600","label":"2016-06-06"},"end":{"value":"1530936000","label":"2018-07-07"}},"spatial_extent":{"shape":"polygon","center":{"latitude":38.245959999986,"longitude":-123.32580949995},"wkt":"POLYGON ((-123.677519 38.07565, -122.9741 38.07565, -122.9741 38.41627, -123.677519 38.41627, -123.677519 38.07565))","north":38.41627,"east":-122.9741,"south":38.07565,"west":-123.677519},"dataset_type":["Cruise Results"],"keywords":["oceans"],"data_files":[{"id":"901956","title":"ABLE_subsurface.csv","url":"https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/dataset/724215/file/oAAmoZmcPpYBK2/ABLE_subsurface.csv","showTableUrl":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/724215/data/view/901956","description":"Primary data file for dataset ID 724215","filename":"ABLE_subsurface.csv","bytesize":277458452,"checksum":{"value":"5c24eb5b50c2af324aa1d8fc8821968b","Algorithm":{"_id":"190","name":"MD5"}},"mimetype":"text/csv","fileType":{"_id":"192","name":"Comma Separated Values (.csv)"},"isErddap":"bcodmo_dataset_724215","date":"","isPublicDuringEmbargo":false,"primaryDataFile":true,"showTable":true,"restricted":false}],"supplemental_files":[],"roles":[{"role":{"_id":"138","name":"Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"148","name":"University of California - Davis: Bodega Marine Laboratory"}},{"role":{"_id":"140","name":"Co-Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"568294","name":"John L. Largier"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"148","name":"University of California - Davis: Bodega Marine Laboratory"}},{"role":{"_id":"140","name":"Co-Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"568301","name":"Donna Wolcott"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"542130","name":"North Carolina State University"}},{"role":{"_id":"140","name":"Co-Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"568299","name":"Thomas G. Wolcott"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"542130","name":"North Carolina State University"}},{"role":{"_id":"133","name":"Contact"},"performedBy":{"_id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"148","name":"University of California - Davis: Bodega Marine Laboratory"}},{"role":{"_id":"145","name":"BCO-DMO Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"51498","name":"Shannon Rauch"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"191","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}}],"deployments":[{"_id":"724076","name":"20160606_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2016-06-06T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2016-06-07T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724080","name":"20160616_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2016-06-16T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2016-06-17T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724113","name":"20160621_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2016-06-21T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2016-06-22T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724121","name":"20160627_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2016-06-27T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2016-06-27T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724084","name":"20160628_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2016-06-28T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2016-06-28T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724100","name":"20160707_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2016-07-07T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2016-07-07T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724096","name":"20160809_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2016-08-09T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2016-08-10T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724109","name":"20170510_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2017-05-10T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2017-05-11T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724088","name":"20170621_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2017-06-21T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2017-06-21T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724092","name":"20170622_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2017-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2017-06-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724104","name":"20170626_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2017-06-26T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2017-06-28T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"724117","name":"20170627_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2017-06-27T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2017-06-29T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754369","name":"20180326_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-03-26T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-03-27T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754373","name":"20180402_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-04-02T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-04-03T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754376","name":"20180416_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-04-16T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-04-18T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754379","name":"20180419_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-04-19T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-04-20T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754382","name":"20180501_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-05-01T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-05-02T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754385","name":"20180521_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-05-21T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-05-22T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754388","name":"20180522_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-05-22T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-05-23T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754391","name":"20180531_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-05-31T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-06-01T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754394","name":"20180606_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-06-06T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-06-07T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754397","name":"20180614_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-06-15T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754400","name":"20180620_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-06-20T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-06-22T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754418","name":"20180626_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-06-26T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-06-27T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754444","name":"20180628_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-06-28T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-06-29T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754447","name":"20180702_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-07-02T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-07-03T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"754450","name":"20180705_CapeHorn","synonyms":["ABLE"],"dates":{"start":"2018-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-07-06T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"681035","name":"R/V Cape Horn"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"506186","name":"Steven Morgan","role":"Chief Scientist"}]}],"funding":[{"_id":"568290","name":"OCE-1334448","fundingSource":{"_id":"355","name":"NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1334448"},{"_id":"568297","name":"OCE-1334553","fundingSource":{"_id":"355","name":"NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1334553"}],"instruments":[{"_id":"724363","name":"ABLE","description":"","type_id":"682336","type_name":"Autonomous Behaving Lagrangian Explorer","type_desc":"The Autonomous Behaving Lagrangian Explorer (ABLE), designed by Tom Wolcott, is a biomimetic robotic drifter that senses in situ environmental stimuli (e.g., variations in PAR, pressure, salinity, or temperature) and can be programmed to respond to these cues with vertical migration behavior like that of the planktonic organism of interest.","type_acronym":"ABLE"}],"parameters":[{"_id":"724364","name":"Deployment","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Date of deployment YY-MM-DD

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1070","name":"date","description":"

date; generally reported in GMT as YYYYMMDD (year; month; day); also as MMDD (month; day); EqPac dates are local Hawaii time. ISO_Date format is YYYY-MM-DD (http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm)

"}},{"_id":"724365","name":"name","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Unique identifier used for naming individual instruments

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"864","name":"instrument","description":"

instrument used to collect or process data, definition is specific to the data set in which it appears

"}},{"_id":"724366","name":"Migration_model","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Vertical swimming behavior program (DVM = Diel Vertical Migration where ABLE is at the deeper Migration_depth_2 for 14hrs45min during day and at the shallower Migration_depth_1 for 9hrs15min at night; Constant = constant depth maintained)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"759","name":"brief_desc","description":"

brief description, open ended, specific to the data set in which it appears

"}},{"_id":"724367","name":"Migration_depth_1","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Shallower (night time) migration depth in meters for DVM behaviors OR migration depth in meters for constant behaviors

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters"},"type":{"_id":"808","name":"depth","description":"

Observation/sample depth below the sea surface. Units often reported as: meters, feet.

\nWhen used in a JGOFS/GLOBEC dataset the depth is a best estimate; usually but not always calculated from pressure; calculated either from CTD pressure using Fofonoff and Millard (1982; UNESCO Tech Paper #44) algorithm adjusted for 1980 equation of state for seawater (EOS80) or simply equivalent to nominal depth as recorded during sampling if CTD pressure was unavailable.

"}},{"_id":"724368","name":"Migration_depth_2","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Deeper (day time) migration depth in meters for DVM behaviors OR migration depth in meters for constant behaviors

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters"},"type":{"_id":"808","name":"depth","description":"

Observation/sample depth below the sea surface. Units often reported as: meters, feet.

"}},{"_id":"724369","name":"CUMSECS","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

cumulative seconds

","units":{"_id":"","name":"seconds"},"type":{"_id":"1838","name":"time_elapsed","description":"

Elapsed time. Units can be seconds, minutes, etc.

"}},{"_id":"724370","name":"Date_UTC","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Date and time (UTC) formatted to ISO 8601 standard

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1908","name":"ISO_DateTime_UTC","description":"

Date/Time (UTC) ISO formatted
\nThis standard is based on ISO 8601:2004(E) and takes on any of the following forms:
\n2009-08-30T09:05:00[.xx] (local time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]-05:00
\nThe dashes and the colons can be dropped.
\nThe T can also be dropped \"by mutual agreement\", but one needs the trailing Z if the time is UTC.

Sample ISO_datetime_utc:
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)

Format: YYYY-mm-ddTHH:MM:SS[.xx]Z (UTC time)

"}},{"_id":"724371","name":"Date_Local","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Date and time (local; Pacific Time) formatted to ISO 8601 standard

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1909","name":"ISO_DateTime_Local","description":"

Date/Time (Local) ISO formatted
\nThis standard is based on ISO 8601:2004(E) and takes on any of the following forms:
\nYYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS[.xx]
\n2009-08-30T09:05:00[.xx] (local time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]-05:00
\nThe dashes and the colons can be dropped.
\nThe T can also be dropped \"by mutual agreement\", but one needs the trailing Z if the time is UTC.

Note the Time Zone (TZ) as +/-HH:MM
\nTime Zone signage is for conversion from local to UTC
\nWest Coast USA in summer is +7 (add 7 hrs to local time for UTC)

"}},{"_id":"724372","name":"Depth","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

current depth in meters (0.00 m)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters"},"type":{"_id":"808","name":"depth","description":"

Observation/sample depth below the sea surface. Units often reported as: meters, feet.

"}},{"_id":"724373","name":"Target_Z","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

target depth in meters (0.00 m)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters"},"type":{"_id":"808","name":"depth","description":"

Observation/sample depth below the sea surface. Units often reported as: meters, feet.

"}},{"_id":"724374","name":"Z_Bot","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

assumed bottom depth in meters (0.00 m)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters"},"type":{"_id":"1695","name":"depth_bottom","description":"

bottom depth

"}},{"_id":"724375","name":"Temp","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

temperature in degrees centigrade (0.00 °C)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"degrees Celsius"},"type":{"_id":"733","name":"temperature","description":"

water temperature at measurement depth

"}},{"_id":"724376","name":"PAR","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

photosynthetically active radiation in mol m?2 s?1 (0)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"moles per square meter per second (mol m?2 s?1)"},"type":{"_id":"913","name":"PAR","description":"

Photosynthetically Available [Active] Radiation; downwelling irradiance; units vary: off microEinsteins/meter^2/second, microEinsteins/centimeter^2/second, or micromoles photons/meter/second

"}},{"_id":"724377","name":"Salin","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

salinity in practical salinity scale (0.00 PSU)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"practical salinity units"},"type":{"_id":"955","name":"sal","description":"

Salinity: The amount (mass or quantity of matter) of salt per amount (volume or mass) of a body of water.

"}},{"_id":"724378","name":"Ang_VelX","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

angular velocity in x direction (0)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"?"},"type":{"_id":"653482","name":"rotational_vel","description":"

Rotational velocity (angular velocity). Often used to describe the rate of a turn of a vehicle or glider.

Units can vary but are degrees per unit time such as degrees per minute or degrees per second.

"}},{"_id":"724379","name":"Ang_VelY","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

angular velocity in y direction (0)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"?"},"type":{"_id":"653482","name":"rotational_vel","description":"

Rotational velocity (angular velocity). Often used to describe the rate of a turn of a vehicle or glider.

Units can vary but are degrees per unit time such as degrees per minute or degrees per second.

"}},{"_id":"724380","name":"Ang_VelZ","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

angular velocity in z direction (0)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"?"},"type":{"_id":"653482","name":"rotational_vel","description":"

Rotational velocity (angular velocity). Often used to describe the rate of a turn of a vehicle or glider.

Units can vary but are degrees per unit time such as degrees per minute or degrees per second.

"}},{"_id":"724381","name":"Pump_plus","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

number of pump strokes in a downward direction

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1073","name":"no_bcodmo_term","description":"

An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

"}},{"_id":"724382","name":"Pump_minus","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

number of pump strokes in an upward direction

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1073","name":"no_bcodmo_term","description":"

An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

"}},{"_id":"724383","name":"Gnd_switch_count","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

number of consecutive times grounding switch is activated

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1073","name":"no_bcodmo_term","description":"

An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

"}},{"_id":"724384","name":"fix_interval","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Time difference (hours) between fixes OR default of 4 for first fix (this interval value is used to compute mean aspe, xspe, spe, dir values in subsequent columns).

","units":{"_id":"","name":"hours"},"type":{"_id":"1073","name":"no_bcodmo_term","description":"

An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

"}},{"_id":"724385","name":"aspe","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

alongshore windspeed (meters per second, positive is North) at Bodega Marine Laboratory sensor (boon.bml.edu)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters per second (m/s)"},"type":{"_id":"1052","name":"wind_speed","description":"

wind speed, typically in m/s but may be reported in other units (refer to dataset for units)

"}},{"_id":"724386","name":"xspe","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

cross-shore windspeed (meters per second, positive is East) at Bodega Marine Laboratory sensor (boon.bml.edu)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters per second (m/s)"},"type":{"_id":"1052","name":"wind_speed","description":"

wind speed, typically in m/s but may be reported in other units (refer to dataset for units)

"}},{"_id":"724387","name":"spe","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

wind speed (meters per second) at Bodega Marine Laboratory sensor (boon.bml.edu)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters per second (m/s)"},"type":{"_id":"1052","name":"wind_speed","description":"

wind speed, typically in m/s but may be reported in other units (refer to dataset for units)

"}},{"_id":"724388","name":"dir","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

wind direction (degrees True) at Bodega Marine Laboratory sensor (boon.bml.edu)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"degrees"},"type":{"_id":"1044","name":"wind_dir","description":"

wind direction reports as compass degrees, using meteorologic convention of 'from' not 'to'

"}},{"_id":"724389","name":"QA_flag","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Quality assurance flag (0 means no QA done, 1 means QA pass, 2 means QA fail)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

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