http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/737393
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2018-05-23
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Sediment trap flux measurements for the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT) project from December 1988 to December 2024 at Station ALOHA
2026-04-23
publication
2026-04-23
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2019-12-11
publication
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.737393.1
Angelicque E. White
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
principalInvestigator
David M. Karl
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: White, A. E., Karl, D. M., Fujieki, L. A. (2025) Sediment trap flux measurements for the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT) project from December 1988 to December 2023 at Station ALOHA. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 3) Version Date 2025-02-19 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.737393.3 [access date]
Particle flux measurements from the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT) Dataset Description: <p>Monthly measurements of particle flux were collected at Station ALOHA as part of the HOT program.&nbsp;Passively sinking particulate matter is intercepted using a free-floating sediment trap array. After screening&nbsp;the collected materials to remove zooplankton and micronekton carcasses, portions of the remaining sample are analyzed for C, N, P and biogenic-Si flux.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p>Particle flux was measured at a standard reference depth of 150 meters using multiple cylindrical particle interceptor traps deployed on a free-floating array for approximately 60 hours during each cruise. Sediment trap design and collection methods are described in Winn et al. (1991). Passively sinking particulate matter is collected, prescreened (335 µm) to remove zooplankton and micronekton carcasses, then the sample materials are analyzed for C, N, P and mass flux (mg m-2 d-1).&nbsp;Samples were analyzed for particulate carbon (PC), nitrogen (PN), phosphorus (PP), and silica (PSi). Typically six traps are analyzed for PC&nbsp;and PN, three for PP, and another three traps for PSi.</p>
<p>A summary of methodology is listed below.&nbsp;Full details can be found at the HOT&nbsp;Field &amp; Laboratory Protocols page&nbsp;or below in Related Publications section (Karl et al., and HOT Program Sediment Trap Protocols: Chapter 18)</p>
<p><strong>1. Principle</strong><br />
Although much&nbsp;of the particulate matter both on the seafloor and in suspension in seawater is very fine, recent evidence suggests that material deposited on the seafloor arrives via relatively rare, rapidly sinking large particles (McCave, 1975, Sharek et al., 1999). Therefore, in order to describe&nbsp;the ambient particle field and to understand the rates and mechanisms of biogeochemical cycling in the marine environment, it is imperative to employ sampling methods that enable the investigator to distinguish between the suspended and sinking pools of particulate matter. This universal requirement for a careful and comprehensive analysis of sedimenting particles has resulted in the development, evaluation and calibration of a variety of <em>in situ</em> particle collectors or sediment traps. The results, after three decades of intensive field experiments, have contributed significantly to our general understanding of: (1) the relationship between the rate of primary production and downward flux of particulate organic matter, (2) mesopelagic zone oxygen consumption and nutrient regeneration, (3) biological control of the removal of abiogenic particles from the surface ocean and (4) seasonal and interannual variations in particle flux to the deep-sea. Future sediment trap studies will, most likely, continue to provide novel and useful data on the rates and mechanisms of these important biogeochemical processes.</p>
<p>At Station ALOHA, we initially deployed a free-drifting sediment trap array with 12 individual collectors positioned at 150, 300, and 500 meters. The deployment period was approximately 72 hours. The passively sinking particles were subsequently analyzed for a variety of chemical properties, including C, N, P, biogenic-Si and total mass. From HOT-64 to present, the traps were deployed at a single reference depth (150 meters) for a period of approximately 48 to 60 hours. Routine mass-flux measurements were discontinued at HOT-68.<br />
<br />
<strong>2. Precautions</strong><br />
Because particle fluxes in oligotrophic habitats are expected to be low, special attention must be given to the preparation of individual sediment trap collector tubes so that they are clean and free of dust and other potentially contaminating particles. Traps should be capped immediately after filling until deployment, and again immediately after retrieval. Pay particular attention to airborne and/or shipboard particulate contamination sources. In addition, the time interval between trap retrieval and subsample filtration should be minimized to reduce the chances of post-collection solubilization of particles.<br />
<br />
<strong>3. Field Operations</strong><br />
<u>Hardware</u><br />
The HOT program free-floating sediment trap array is patterned after the MULTITRAP system&nbsp;(Knauer et al., 1979) and used extensively in the decade-long VERTEX program. Twelve individual&nbsp;sediment trap collectors (0.0039 m<sup>2</sup> mouth opening) are deployed at 150 meters depth. The traps are affixed&nbsp;to a PVC cross that is attached to 1/2" Spectra line. The traps are tracked using XEOS and Argos&nbsp;satellite transmitters, VHF radio, and strobe lights. Since HOT-71 (April 1996) both the trap array configuration and the deployment period were altered to conserve ship time.</p>
<p><u>Trap solutions</u><br />
Prior to deployment, each trap is cleaned with 1 M HCl, rinsed thoroughly with deionized water then filled with a high-density solution to prevent advective-diffusive loss of extractants and preservatives during the deployment period and to eliminate flushing of the traps during recovery (Knauer et al., 1979). The trap solution is prepared by adding 50 g/L&nbsp;NaCl to a sample of surface seawater. This brine solution is gravity filtered&nbsp;through a 0.2&nbsp;µm filter cartridge after the addition of 10 ml per liter 100% formalin solution. Individual traps are filled and at least 10 liters of the trap solution is saved for analysis of solution blanks.</p>
<p><u>Post-recovery processing</u><br />
Upon recovery, individual traps are capped and transported to the shipboard&nbsp;laboratory for initial processing. Care is taken not to mix the higher density trap solutions with the overlying seawater.&nbsp;The depth of the interface between the high density solution and overlying seawater is marked on each trap and a second mark is made 5 cm above the interface. The overlying seawater is then aspirated with a plastic tube attached to a vacuum system to the upper mark in order to avoid disturbing the high density solution below. *Because some sinking particulate material collects near the interface between the high density solution and the overlying seawater, the overlying seawater is removed only to a depth that is 5 cm above the previously identified interface.*<br />
<br />
After the overlying seawater has been removed from all the traps,&nbsp;the contents of each trap is gently mixed to disrupt large amorphous particles and then passed through an acid rinsed 335 µm NitexR screen to remove contaminating zooplankton and micronekton that may have&nbsp;entered the traps in a living state and that, therefore, are not part of the desired passive flux.&nbsp;The traps are rinsed with a portion of the &lt;335 µm sample in order to recover all particulate matter, and the 335 µm NitexR screen is examined to determine whether residual material, in addition to the so-called "swimmers", is present. If so, the screens are rinsed again with a portion of the 335 µm filtrate. After all traps from the same depth have been processed, the 335 µm screen is removed and placed into a vial containing 20 ml of formalin-seawater solution, and stored at 4°C for subsequent microscopic examination and organism identification and enumeration.<br />
<br />
<strong>4. Determination of C, N, P and biogenic-Si Flux</strong><br />
The quantities of particulate C, N, P, and biogenic silica in the screened trap solutions are determined using methods described in the chapters for Particulate Carbon and Nitrogen, Particulate Phosphorus, and Particulate Biogenic Silica in the HOT protocols document (<em>see Related Publications section below</em>). Six replicate traps are used for C/N determinations and three additional traps for P. Typically, 1.5 to 2 liters are used for a single C/N or P measurement, and a subsample of 250 mL for particulate Si.&nbsp;An equivalent volume of the time-zero sediment trap solution, filtered through the appropriate filters is used as a C, N, or P blank</p>
<div>C, N, P and biogenic-Si flux is calculated as follows:</div>
<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [(C<sub>s</sub>-C<sub>b</sub>)] * V<sub>t</sub></div>
<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mg C (or N, P) m<sup>-2</sup>&nbsp;d<sup>-1</sup>&nbsp;=&nbsp; ----------------------</div>
<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; V<sub>f</sub>&nbsp;* 0.0039 * t&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>where:</div>
<ul>
<li>C<sub>s</sub>&nbsp;= carbon (mg) in sample</li>
<li>C<sub>b</sub>&nbsp;= carbon (mg) in blank</li>
<li>V<sub>t&nbsp;</sub>= volume of trap (liters)</li>
<li>V<sub>f&nbsp;</sub>= volume filtered (liters)</li>
<li>0.0039 = cross-sectional area of trap (m<sup>2</sup>)</li>
<li>t = deployment period (d)</li>
</ul>
<div><strong>5. Supplies, Equipment, Reagents</strong></div>
<div>sediment trap array: spar buoy, radio and satellite transmitters, strobe light, floats, 12 place sediment trap crosstrap supports, Particle Interceptor Trap (PIT) collector tubes and baffles)microbalance or equivalent</div>
<div>graduated cylinders</div>
<div>forceps</div>
<div>335 µm Nitex screen</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div><strong>Key to Treatment indicator:&nbsp;</strong></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li>C = Solutions from individual traps combined and replicate subsamples drawn from this solution;</li>
<li>I = Individual traps sampled as replicates;</li>
<li>W = Swimmers picked out before analysis;</li>
<li>O = Some other (special) treatment.</li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Addendum - PPO<sub>4</sub> protocol (April 7, 2015)</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>The method used for the analysis of particulate phosphate (PPO4) has been modified and applied to samples analyzed from November 2011 (HOT 236) to the present. The previous protocol was in use over at least the previous 10-year period. The modified procedure included vortexing of the sample prior to a longer leaching time (1 hour versus 30 min) of the GFF filter in 0.15 N HCl at room temperature.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>Both the previous and modified procedures were tested in paired analyses on samples collected over one year (12 cruises). The modified procedure resulted in higher yields by approximately 50% for water column samples (integrated 0-100 m: old method 1.00±0.27 mmol P m-2, versus 1.56±0.14 mmol P m-2) and approximately 30% for P-flux estimated from sediment trap samples (old method: 0.31±0.07 mg P m-2 d-1 versus 0.40±0.09 mg P m-2 d-1).</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0926766 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0926766
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1260164 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1260164
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1756517 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1756517
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2241005 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2241005
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0752606 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0752606
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0327513 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0327513
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0326616 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0326616
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-9617409 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=9617409
onGoing
Angelicque E. White
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
808-956-6220
1950 East West Rd.
Honolulu
HI
USA
aewhite@hawaii.edu
pointOfContact
David M. Karl
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
808-956 8964
C-MORE Hale 1950 East-West Road
Honolulu
HI
96822
USA
dkarl@hawaii.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 4
Unknown
Cruise
Latitude
Longitude
Start_ISO_DateTime_UTC
End_ISO_DateTime_UTC
Depth
Treatment
Carbon_flux
Carbon_sd_diff
Carbon_numreps
Nitrogen_flux
Nitrogen_sd_diff
Nitrogen_numreps
Phosphorus_flux
Phosphorus_sd_diff
Phosphorus_numreps
Mass_flux
Mass_sd_diff
Mass_numreps
Silica_flux
Silica_sd_diff
Silica_numreps
Delta_15N
Delta_15N_sd_diff
Delta_15N_numreps
Delta_13C
Delta_13C_sd_diff
Delta_13C_numreps
PIC_flux
PIC_sd_diff
PIC_numreps
filename
StartTime_local_HST
EndTime_local_HST
Cruise_num
PE-2400 Carbon/Nitrogen analyzer with integrator
Cahn electronic microbalance
sediment trap array
spectrophotometer and 1-cm cuvette
theme
None, User defined
Cruise identfier
latitude
longitude
date
depth
treatment
mass flux of total carbon
standard deviation
number of replicates
mass flux of total nitrogen in sea water
flux of particulate phosphorus in sea water
mass_flux_total
flux
d15N
Carbon 13 to Carbon 12 ratio of TCO2
particulate inorganic carbon flux in seawater
file_name
ISO_DateTime_Local
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Particulate Organic Carbon/Nitrogen Analyzer
scale or balance
Sediment Trap
Spectrophotometer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
HOT_cruises
KOK1007
KOK1011
KOK1013
KM1012
KM1102A
KM1120
KOK1113
KOK1201
KM1205
KOK1202
KM1223
KM1227
KM1302
KM1305
TN294
KM1308
KM1311
KM1315
KM1317
KM1319
KM1321
KM1323
KM1402
KM1406
KM1408
KM1410
KOK1404
KM1414
KM1421
KM1425
KM1428
KOK1502
KOK1503
KM1504
KM1508
KM1510
KM1512
KOK1508
KOK1515
KM1602
KM1603
OC1605B
KOK1608
KOK1611
OC1610A
service
Deployment Activity
North Pacific Ocean
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry
http://us-ocb.org/
Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry
The Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) program focuses on the ocean's role as a component of the global Earth system, bringing together research in geochemistry, ocean physics, and ecology that inform on and advance our understanding of ocean biogeochemistry. The overall program goals are to promote, plan, and coordinate collaborative, multidisciplinary research opportunities within the U.S. research community and with international partners. Important OCB-related activities currently include: the Ocean Carbon and Climate Change (OCCC) and the North American Carbon Program (NACP); U.S. contributions to IMBER, SOLAS, CARBOOCEAN; and numerous U.S. single-investigator and medium-size research projects funded by U.S. federal agencies including NASA, NOAA, and NSF.
The scientific mission of OCB is to study the evolving role of the ocean in the global carbon cycle, in the face of environmental variability and change through studies of marine biogeochemical cycles and associated ecosystems.
The overarching OCB science themes include improved understanding and prediction of: 1) oceanic uptake and release of atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases and 2) environmental sensitivities of biogeochemical cycles, marine ecosystems, and interactions between the two.
The OCB Research Priorities (updated January 2012) include: ocean acidification; terrestrial/coastal carbon fluxes and exchanges; climate sensitivities of and change in ecosystem structure and associated impacts on biogeochemical cycles; mesopelagic ecological and biogeochemical interactions; benthic-pelagic feedbacks on biogeochemical cycles; ocean carbon uptake and storage; and expanding low-oxygen conditions in the coastal and open oceans.
OCB
largerWorkCitation
program
U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/
U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
The United States Joint Global Ocean Flux Study was a national component of international JGOFS and an integral part of global climate change research.
The U.S. launched the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) in the late 1980s to study the ocean carbon cycle. An ambitious goal was set to understand the controls on the concentrations and fluxes of carbon and associated nutrients in the ocean. A new field of ocean biogeochemistry emerged with an emphasis on quality measurements of carbon system parameters and interdisciplinary field studies of the biological, chemical and physical process which control the ocean carbon cycle. As we studied ocean biogeochemistry, we learned that our simple views of carbon uptake and transport were severely limited, and a new "wave" of ocean science was born. U.S. JGOFS has been supported primarily by the U.S. National Science Foundation in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Energy and the Office of Naval Research. U.S. JGOFS, ended in 2005 with the conclusion of the Synthesis and Modeling Project (SMP).
U.S. JGOFS
largerWorkCitation
program
Ocean Time-series Sites
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/program/562656
Ocean Time-series Sites
Program description text taken from Chapter 1: Introduction from the Global Intercomparability in a Changing Ocean: An International Time-Series Methods Workshop report published following the workshop held November 28-30, 2012 at the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences. The full report is available from the workshop Web site hosted by US OCB: http://www.whoi.edu/website/TS-workshop/home
Decades of research have demonstrated that the ocean varies across a range of time scales, with anthropogenic forcing contributing an added layer of complexity. In a growing effort to distinguish between natural and human-induced earth system variability, sustained ocean time-series measurements have taken on a renewed importance. Shipboard biogeochemical time-series represent one of the most valuable tools scientists have to characterize and quantify ocean carbon fluxes and biogeochemical processes and their links to changing climate (Karl, 2010; Chavez et al., 2011; Church et al., 2013). They provide the oceanographic community with the long, temporally resolved datasets needed to characterize ocean climate, biogeochemistry, and ecosystem change.
The temporal scale of shifts in marine ecosystem variations in response to climate change are on the order of several decades. The long-term, consistent and comprehensive monitoring programs conducted by time-series sites are essential to understand large-scale atmosphere-ocean interactions that occur on interannual to decadal time scales. Ocean time-series represent one of the most valuable tools scientists have to characterize and quantify ocean carbon fluxes and biogeochemical processes and their links to changing climate.
Launched in the late 1980s, the US JGOFS (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study; http://usjgofs.whoi.edu) research program initiated two time-series measurement programs at Hawaii and Bermuda (HOT and BATS, respectively) to measure key oceanographic measurements in oligotrophic waters. Begun in 1995 as part of the US JGOFS Synthesis and Modeling Project, the CARIACO Ocean Time-Series (formerly known as the CArbon Retention In A Colored Ocean) Program has studied the relationship between surface primary production, physical forcing variables like the wind, and the settling flux of particulate carbon in the Cariaco Basin.
The objective of these time-series effort is to provide well-sampled seasonal resolution of biogeochemical variability at a limited number of ocean observatories, provide support and background measurements for process-oriented research, as well as test and validate observations for biogeochemical models. Since their creation, the BATS, CARIACO and HOT time-series site data have been available for use by a large community of researchers.
Data from those three US funded, ship-based, time-series sites can be accessed at each site directly or by selecting the site name from the Projects section below.
Ocean Time-series
largerWorkCitation
program
[Current] Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT): 2023-2028; [Previous] Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT): Sustaining ocean ecosystem and climate observations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
https://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/
[Current] Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT): 2023-2028; [Previous] Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT): Sustaining ocean ecosystem and climate observations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
<p><strong>Hawai'i Ocean Time-Series Project Summary</strong><br />
This continuing award for the HOT research program sustains the open-ocean climatology of biological, chemical, and physical observations into a 4<sup>th</sup> decade.</p>
<p><strong>Intellectual Merit </strong><br />
The scientific mission of HOT continues to be monitoring of temporal dynamics in the cycling of carbon and associated bioelements, and observations of the variability of hydrological and ecological properties, heat fluxes, and circulation of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG). The proposed research will rely on shipboard observations and experiments conducted on 10 separate 5-day expeditions per annum along with near-continuous moored platform measurements of air-sea interactions, ocean mixing, and physical characteristics of the deep sea. The HOT program maintains the high-quality suite of biogeochemical and physical measurements required for continued assessment of dynamics in ocean carbon and nutrient pools and fluxes, plankton community structure, ecosystem productivity, and inherent optical properties of the water column. Continuity of these observations improves the value of the dataset for deciphering how low-frequency natural and anthropogenic climate signals influence ecosystem structure in the NPSG as well as providing up-to-date measurements to place current signals in the longer-term context. Such efforts will continue to aid on-going modeling efforts required for predicting how future habitat perturbations may influence ecosystem dynamics in the NPSG. All HOT program data are publicly available and are frequently used by researchers and policy makers around the world. HOT data provide reference baselines for essential ocean variables, allow for characterization of natural patterns of ocean system variability and associated links to regional climate indices, and support calibration/validation of autonomous in situ and remote (satellite, airborne) sensors.</p>
<p><strong>Broader Impacts</strong><br />
The long-term, continuous HOT data are critical to assess variability on seasonal to decadal time-scales and thus are essential to determine the emergence of anthropogenic signals in the oligotrophic North Pacific. Further sustaining HOT measurements will strengthen our capacity to test hypotheses about poorly understood interactions between ocean dynamics, climate, and biogeochemistry and increase the value of HOT data for understanding the response of ocean ecosystems to both natural and anthropogenic climate perturbations. Over the next 5 years, we will continue to promote the value of HOT research through high quality, high visibility peer-reviewed journal and book articles, newspaper and newsletter articles, and community outreach. With partners BCO-DMO and OceanSITES we will also continue to strive for a FAIR data model (see data management plan) as metadata standards and conventions evolve in the community. We will continue working with an Earthcube Research Coordination Network for Marine Ecological Time Series (METS) to support efforts that bring together different cross-sections of METS data producers, data users, data scientists, and data managers in large- and small-group formats to foster the necessary dialog to develop FAIR data solutions across multiple time-series. In addition, HOT is a community resource that helps support the research of numerous ocean scientists who rely on the program’s infrastructure (ship time, staff, laboratories, equipment) to conduct their research, education, and outreach activities. Moreover, HOT PIs maintain a strong commitment to mentoring and training of undergraduate and graduate students, and will continue these activities as well as facilitates access to the sea by a number of ancillary students and scientists. </p>
<p>------------------------------------</p>
<p><strong>NSF Award Abstract:</strong><br />
<span style="color:rgb(27, 27, 27); font-family:verdana; font-size:11.312px">Long-term observations of ocean physics, biology, and chemistry across decades provide a powerful lens for understanding the response of the oceans to environmental change. This award will continue the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) research program, which began in 1988, for an additional five years. Continuity of these observations will improve the value of the dataset for deciphering how natural and human-influenced climate signals affect ecosystem structure in the Pacific Ocean. All HOT program data are publicly available and are frequently used by researchers and policy makers around the world. HOT also serves as (1) a testbed for the development of new sensors and methodologies, (2) a calibration/validation site, (3) an invaluable training ground that attracts students and researchers from around the globe, and (4) a forum for international collaboration and capacity building.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:rgb(27, 27, 27); font-family:verdana; font-size:11.312px">The proposed research will rely on shipboard observations and experiments conducted on ten separate five-day expeditions per year along with near-continuous moored platform measurements of air-sea interactions, ocean mixing, and physical characteristics of the deep sea. Observations include biogeochemical and physical measurements required for continued assessment of dynamics in ocean carbon and nutrient pools and fluxes, plankton community structure, ecosystem productivity, and inherent optical properties of the water column. The major program goals and objectives over the next 5 years remain as in prior years and include: (1) sustain high quality, time-resolved oceanographic measurements on the interactions between ocean-climate and ecosystem variability in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG), (2) quantify time-varying (seasonal to decadal) changes in reservoirs and fluxes of carbon and associated bioelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon), (3) constrain processes controlling air-sea carbon exchange, rates of carbon transformation through the planktonic food web, and fluxes of carbon into the ocean's interior, (4) extend to 40 years a climatology of hydrographic and biogeochemical dynamics from which to gauge anomalous or extreme changes to the NPSG habitat, forming a multi-decadal baseline from which to decipher natural and anthropogenic influences on the NPSG ecosystem, (5) continue to provide scientific and logistical support to ancillary programs that benefit from the temporal context, interdisciplinary science, and regular access to the open sea afforded by HOT program occupation of Station ALOHA, including projects implementing, testing, and validating new methodologies and transformative ocean sampling technologies, and (6) provide unique training and educational opportunities for the next generation of ocean scientists.</span></p>
HOT
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
biota
oceans
North Pacific Ocean
-158
-158
22.75
22.75
1988-12-01
2024-12-19
North Pacific Subtropical Gyre; 22 deg 45 min N, 158 deg W
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Sediment trap flux measurements for the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT) project from December 1988 to December 2024 at Station ALOHA
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917054.rdf
Name: Cruise
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Cruise ID (HOT ID) for Hawaii Ocean Timeseries program</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917055.rdf
Name: Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917056.rdf
Name: Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917057.rdf
Name: Start_ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Start datetime in ISO 8601 format in UTC </p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917058.rdf
Name: End_ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>End datetime in ISO 8601 format in UTC</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917059.rdf
Name: Depth
Units: meters
Description: <p>Depth</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917060.rdf
Name: Treatment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Treatment of the sample (C=Solutions from individual traps combined and replicate subsamples drawn from this solution; I=Individual traps sampled as replicates; W=Swimmers picked out before analysis; O=Some other treatment)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917061.rdf
Name: Carbon_flux
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Carbon flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917062.rdf
Name: Carbon_sd_diff
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Either standard deviation or difference. If num replicates >= 3, then std dev. If num reps = 2, then difference</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917063.rdf
Name: Carbon_numreps
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicate carbon samples collected for replicate analysis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917064.rdf
Name: Nitrogen_flux
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Nitrogen flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917065.rdf
Name: Nitrogen_sd_diff
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Either standard deviation or difference. If num replicates >= 3, then std dev. If num reps = 2, then difference</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917066.rdf
Name: Nitrogen_numreps
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicate nitrogen samples collected for replicate analysis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917067.rdf
Name: Phosphorus_flux
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Phosphorus flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917068.rdf
Name: Phosphorus_sd_diff
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Either standard deviation or difference. If num replicates >= 3, then std dev. If num reps = 2, then difference</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917069.rdf
Name: Phosphorus_numreps
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicate phosphorus samples collected for replicate analysis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917070.rdf
Name: Mass_flux
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Mass flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917071.rdf
Name: Mass_sd_diff
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Either standard deviation or difference. If num replicates >= 3, then std dev. If num reps = 2, then difference</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917072.rdf
Name: Mass_numreps
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicate mass samples collected for replicate analysis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917073.rdf
Name: Silica_flux
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Silica flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917074.rdf
Name: Silica_sd_diff
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Either standard deviation or difference. If num replicates >= 3, then std dev. If num reps = 2, then difference</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917075.rdf
Name: Silica_numreps
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicate silica samples collected for replicate analysis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917076.rdf
Name: Delta_15N
Units: permil vs. air-N2
Description: <p>Delta-15N of particulate nitrogen (permil vs air-N2)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917077.rdf
Name: Delta_15N_sd_diff
Units: permil vs. air-N2
Description: <p>Either standard deviation or difference. If num replicates >= 3, then std dev. If num reps = 2, then difference</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917078.rdf
Name: Delta_15N_numreps
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicate nitrogen isotope samples for replicate analysis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917079.rdf
Name: Delta_13C
Units: permil vs. VPDB
Description: <p>Delta-13C of particulate carbon (permil vs. VPDB)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917080.rdf
Name: Delta_13C_sd_diff
Units: permil vs. VPDB
Description: <p>Either standard deviation or difference. If num replicates >= 3, then std dev. If num reps = 2, then difference</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917081.rdf
Name: Delta_13C_numreps
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicate carbon isotope samples for replicate analysis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917082.rdf
Name: PIC_flux
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Particulate Inorganic Carbon flux</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917083.rdf
Name: PIC_sd_diff
Units: milligrams per square meter per day (mg/m^2/d)
Description: <p>Either standard deviation or difference. If num replicates >= 3, then std dev. If num reps = 2, then difference</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917084.rdf
Name: PIC_numreps
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicate PIC samples collected for replicate analysis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/917085.rdf
Name: filename
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Original filename of particle flux data from HOT</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/953992.rdf
Name: StartTime_local_HST
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Start datetime in local time zone (HST, GMT-10)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/953993.rdf
Name: EndTime_local_HST
Units: unitless
Description: <p>End datetime in local time zone (HST, GMT-10)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/953994.rdf
Name: Cruise_num
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Cruise number (same as Cruise ID, but numerical)</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
97309
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/c065c52a-77a1-426a-8611-26bf806c7686/content
download
74649
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/12131a71-1097-4bcf-9dd6-1745b87ccb66/content
download
60962
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/8ffa5081-80b0-4e15-b506-abb27352ade7/content
download
60962
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/24982/1/dataset-737393_particle-flux__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.737393.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>Particle flux was measured at a standard reference depth of 150 meters using multiple cylindrical particle interceptor traps deployed on a free-floating array for approximately 60 hours during each cruise. Sediment trap design and collection methods are described in Winn et al. (1991). Passively sinking particulate matter is collected, prescreened (335 µm) to remove zooplankton and micronekton carcasses, then the sample materials are analyzed for C, N, P and mass flux (mg m-2 d-1).&nbsp;Samples were analyzed for particulate carbon (PC), nitrogen (PN), phosphorus (PP), and silica (PSi). Typically six traps are analyzed for PC&nbsp;and PN, three for PP, and another three traps for PSi.</p>
<p>A summary of methodology is listed below.&nbsp;Full details can be found at the HOT&nbsp;Field &amp; Laboratory Protocols page&nbsp;or below in Related Publications section (Karl et al., and HOT Program Sediment Trap Protocols: Chapter 18)</p>
<p><strong>1. Principle</strong><br />
Although much&nbsp;of the particulate matter both on the seafloor and in suspension in seawater is very fine, recent evidence suggests that material deposited on the seafloor arrives via relatively rare, rapidly sinking large particles (McCave, 1975, Sharek et al., 1999). Therefore, in order to describe&nbsp;the ambient particle field and to understand the rates and mechanisms of biogeochemical cycling in the marine environment, it is imperative to employ sampling methods that enable the investigator to distinguish between the suspended and sinking pools of particulate matter. This universal requirement for a careful and comprehensive analysis of sedimenting particles has resulted in the development, evaluation and calibration of a variety of <em>in situ</em> particle collectors or sediment traps. The results, after three decades of intensive field experiments, have contributed significantly to our general understanding of: (1) the relationship between the rate of primary production and downward flux of particulate organic matter, (2) mesopelagic zone oxygen consumption and nutrient regeneration, (3) biological control of the removal of abiogenic particles from the surface ocean and (4) seasonal and interannual variations in particle flux to the deep-sea. Future sediment trap studies will, most likely, continue to provide novel and useful data on the rates and mechanisms of these important biogeochemical processes.</p>
<p>At Station ALOHA, we initially deployed a free-drifting sediment trap array with 12 individual collectors positioned at 150, 300, and 500 meters. The deployment period was approximately 72 hours. The passively sinking particles were subsequently analyzed for a variety of chemical properties, including C, N, P, biogenic-Si and total mass. From HOT-64 to present, the traps were deployed at a single reference depth (150 meters) for a period of approximately 48 to 60 hours. Routine mass-flux measurements were discontinued at HOT-68.<br />
<br />
<strong>2. Precautions</strong><br />
Because particle fluxes in oligotrophic habitats are expected to be low, special attention must be given to the preparation of individual sediment trap collector tubes so that they are clean and free of dust and other potentially contaminating particles. Traps should be capped immediately after filling until deployment, and again immediately after retrieval. Pay particular attention to airborne and/or shipboard particulate contamination sources. In addition, the time interval between trap retrieval and subsample filtration should be minimized to reduce the chances of post-collection solubilization of particles.<br />
<br />
<strong>3. Field Operations</strong><br />
<u>Hardware</u><br />
The HOT program free-floating sediment trap array is patterned after the MULTITRAP system&nbsp;(Knauer et al., 1979) and used extensively in the decade-long VERTEX program. Twelve individual&nbsp;sediment trap collectors (0.0039 m<sup>2</sup> mouth opening) are deployed at 150 meters depth. The traps are affixed&nbsp;to a PVC cross that is attached to 1/2" Spectra line. The traps are tracked using XEOS and Argos&nbsp;satellite transmitters, VHF radio, and strobe lights. Since HOT-71 (April 1996) both the trap array configuration and the deployment period were altered to conserve ship time.</p>
<p><u>Trap solutions</u><br />
Prior to deployment, each trap is cleaned with 1 M HCl, rinsed thoroughly with deionized water then filled with a high-density solution to prevent advective-diffusive loss of extractants and preservatives during the deployment period and to eliminate flushing of the traps during recovery (Knauer et al., 1979). The trap solution is prepared by adding 50 g/L&nbsp;NaCl to a sample of surface seawater. This brine solution is gravity filtered&nbsp;through a 0.2&nbsp;µm filter cartridge after the addition of 10 ml per liter 100% formalin solution. Individual traps are filled and at least 10 liters of the trap solution is saved for analysis of solution blanks.</p>
<p><u>Post-recovery processing</u><br />
Upon recovery, individual traps are capped and transported to the shipboard&nbsp;laboratory for initial processing. Care is taken not to mix the higher density trap solutions with the overlying seawater.&nbsp;The depth of the interface between the high density solution and overlying seawater is marked on each trap and a second mark is made 5 cm above the interface. The overlying seawater is then aspirated with a plastic tube attached to a vacuum system to the upper mark in order to avoid disturbing the high density solution below. *Because some sinking particulate material collects near the interface between the high density solution and the overlying seawater, the overlying seawater is removed only to a depth that is 5 cm above the previously identified interface.*<br />
<br />
After the overlying seawater has been removed from all the traps,&nbsp;the contents of each trap is gently mixed to disrupt large amorphous particles and then passed through an acid rinsed 335 µm NitexR screen to remove contaminating zooplankton and micronekton that may have&nbsp;entered the traps in a living state and that, therefore, are not part of the desired passive flux.&nbsp;The traps are rinsed with a portion of the &lt;335 µm sample in order to recover all particulate matter, and the 335 µm NitexR screen is examined to determine whether residual material, in addition to the so-called "swimmers", is present. If so, the screens are rinsed again with a portion of the 335 µm filtrate. After all traps from the same depth have been processed, the 335 µm screen is removed and placed into a vial containing 20 ml of formalin-seawater solution, and stored at 4°C for subsequent microscopic examination and organism identification and enumeration.<br />
<br />
<strong>4. Determination of C, N, P and biogenic-Si Flux</strong><br />
The quantities of particulate C, N, P, and biogenic silica in the screened trap solutions are determined using methods described in the chapters for Particulate Carbon and Nitrogen, Particulate Phosphorus, and Particulate Biogenic Silica in the HOT protocols document (<em>see Related Publications section below</em>). Six replicate traps are used for C/N determinations and three additional traps for P. Typically, 1.5 to 2 liters are used for a single C/N or P measurement, and a subsample of 250 mL for particulate Si.&nbsp;An equivalent volume of the time-zero sediment trap solution, filtered through the appropriate filters is used as a C, N, or P blank</p>
<div>C, N, P and biogenic-Si flux is calculated as follows:</div>
<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [(C<sub>s</sub>-C<sub>b</sub>)] * V<sub>t</sub></div>
<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mg C (or N, P) m<sup>-2</sup>&nbsp;d<sup>-1</sup>&nbsp;=&nbsp; ----------------------</div>
<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; V<sub>f</sub>&nbsp;* 0.0039 * t&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>where:</div>
<ul>
<li>C<sub>s</sub>&nbsp;= carbon (mg) in sample</li>
<li>C<sub>b</sub>&nbsp;= carbon (mg) in blank</li>
<li>V<sub>t&nbsp;</sub>= volume of trap (liters)</li>
<li>V<sub>f&nbsp;</sub>= volume filtered (liters)</li>
<li>0.0039 = cross-sectional area of trap (m<sup>2</sup>)</li>
<li>t = deployment period (d)</li>
</ul>
<div><strong>5. Supplies, Equipment, Reagents</strong></div>
<div>sediment trap array: spar buoy, radio and satellite transmitters, strobe light, floats, 12 place sediment trap crosstrap supports, Particle Interceptor Trap (PIT) collector tubes and baffles)microbalance or equivalent</div>
<div>graduated cylinders</div>
<div>forceps</div>
<div>335 µm Nitex screen</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div><strong>Key to Treatment indicator:&nbsp;</strong></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li>C = Solutions from individual traps combined and replicate subsamples drawn from this solution;</li>
<li>I = Individual traps sampled as replicates;</li>
<li>W = Swimmers picked out before analysis;</li>
<li>O = Some other (special) treatment.</li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Addendum - PPO<sub>4</sub> protocol (April 7, 2015)</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>The method used for the analysis of particulate phosphate (PPO4) has been modified and applied to samples analyzed from November 2011 (HOT 236) to the present. The previous protocol was in use over at least the previous 10-year period. The modified procedure included vortexing of the sample prior to a longer leaching time (1 hour versus 30 min) of the GFF filter in 0.15 N HCl at room temperature.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>Both the previous and modified procedures were tested in paired analyses on samples collected over one year (12 cruises). The modified procedure resulted in higher yields by approximately 50% for water column samples (integrated 0-100 m: old method 1.00±0.27 mmol P m-2, versus 1.56±0.14 mmol P m-2) and approximately 30% for P-flux estimated from sediment trap samples (old method: 0.31±0.07 mg P m-2 d-1 versus 0.40±0.09 mg P m-2 d-1).</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<div>
<p><strong>Calculations</strong></p>
</div>
<div>C, N, P and biogenic-Si flux is calculated as follows:</div>
<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [(C<sub>s</sub>-C<sub>b</sub>)] * V<sub>t</sub></div>
<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mg C (or N, P) m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup> =&nbsp; ----------------------</div>
<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; V<sub>f</sub> * 0.0039 * t&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>where:</div>
<ul>
<li>C<sub>s</sub> = carbon (mg) in sample</li>
<li>C<sub>b</sub> = carbon (mg) in blank</li>
<li>V<sub>t </sub>= volume of trap (liters)</li>
<li>V<sub>f </sub>= volume filtered (liters)</li>
<li>0.0039 = cross-sectional area of trap (m<sup>2</sup>)</li>
<li>t = deployment period (d)</li>
</ul>
<div><br />
&nbsp;</div>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
* Version 4 *
- Imported data from source file "hot349-355.flux" into the BCO-DMO system
- Missing data identifiers of -9, -9.0 replaced with blank cells
- Concatenated the new data files to the previous version (v3) data and ordered by cruise/date
- Added column for original datafile name
- Added columns for latitude and longitude of Station ALOHA.
- Combined separate Date and Time columns into single ISO8601 datetime format for local (HST) and UTC time zones
* Version 3 *
- Imported data from source files "hot335-339.flux" and "hot334-339.flux" file into the BCO-DMO data system.
- Missing data identifiers of -9, -9.0 replaced with blank cells
- Concatenated the new data files to the version 2 data and ordered by cruise/date
- Added column for original datafile name
- Added columns for latitude and longitude of Station ALOHA.
- Combined separate Date and Time columns into single ISO8601 datetime format for local (HST) and UTC time zones
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
PE-2400 Carbon/Nitrogen analyzer with integrator
PE-2400 Carbon/Nitrogen analyzer with integrator
PI Supplied Instrument Name: PE-2400 Carbon/Nitrogen analyzer with integrator PI Supplied Instrument Description:PE-2400 Carbon/Nitrogen analyzer with integrator Instrument Name: Particulate Organic Carbon/Nitrogen Analyzer Instrument Short Name:CHN Instrument Description: A unit that accurately determines the carbon and nitrogen concentrations of organic compounds typically by detecting and measuring their combustion products (CO2 and NO).
Cahn electronic microbalance
Cahn electronic microbalance
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Cahn electronic microbalance PI Supplied Instrument Description:Cahn electronic microbalance Instrument Name: scale or balance Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Devices that determine the mass or weight of a sample. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB13/
sediment trap array
sediment trap array
PI Supplied Instrument Name: sediment trap array PI Supplied Instrument Description:sediment trap array (spar buoy, radiotransmitter, strobe light, floats, trap supports, collector tubes) Instrument Name: Sediment Trap Instrument Short Name:Sediment Trap Instrument Description: Sediment traps are specially designed containers deployed in the water column for periods of time to collect particles from the water column falling toward the sea floor. In general a sediment trap has a jar at the bottom to collect the sample and a broad funnel-shaped opening at the top with baffles to keep out very large objects and help prevent the funnel from clogging. This designation is used when the specific type of sediment trap was not specified by the contributing investigator. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/33/
spectrophotometer and 1-cm cuvette
spectrophotometer and 1-cm cuvette
PI Supplied Instrument Name: spectrophotometer and 1-cm cuvette PI Supplied Instrument Description:spectrophotometer (Perkin-Elmer Lambda 3B) and 1-cm cuvette Instrument Name: Spectrophotometer Instrument Short Name:Spectrophotometer Instrument Description: An instrument used to measure the relative absorption of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths in the near infra-red, visible and ultraviolet wavebands by samples. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB20/
Cruise: HOT_cruises
HOT_cruises
Multiple Vessels
vessel
HOT_cruises
Angelicque E. White
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/
Report describing HOT_cruises
Cruise: KOK1007
KOK1007
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1007
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1007
Cruise: KOK1011
KOK1011
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1011
Paul J. Lethaby
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1011
Cruise: KOK1013
KOK1013
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1013
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1013
Cruise: KM1012
KM1012
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1012
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1012
Cruise: KM1102A
KM1102A
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1102A
Craig Nosse
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1102A
Cruise: KM1120
KM1120
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1120
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1120
Cruise: KOK1113
KOK1113
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1113
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1113
Cruise: KOK1201
KOK1201
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1201
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1201
Cruise: KM1205
KM1205
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1205
Craig Nosse
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1205
Cruise: KOK1202
KOK1202
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1202
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1202
Cruise: KM1223
KM1223
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1223
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1223
Cruise: KM1227
KM1227
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1227
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1227
Cruise: KM1302
KM1302
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1302
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1302
Cruise: KM1305
KM1305
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1305
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1305
Cruise: TN294
TN294
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel
TN294
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing TN294
Cruise: KM1308
KM1308
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1308
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1308
Cruise: KM1311
KM1311
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1311
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1311
Cruise: KM1315
KM1315
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1315
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1315
Cruise: KM1317
KM1317
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1317
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1317
Cruise: KM1319
KM1319
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1319
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1319
Cruise: KM1321
KM1321
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1321
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1321
Cruise: KM1323
KM1323
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1323
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1323
Cruise: KM1402
KM1402
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1402
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1402
Cruise: KM1406
KM1406
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1406
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1406
Cruise: KM1408
KM1408
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1408
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1408
Cruise: KM1410
KM1410
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1410
Brett Updyke
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1410
Cruise: KOK1404
KOK1404
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1404
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1404
Cruise: KM1414
KM1414
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1414
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1414
Cruise: KM1421
KM1421
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1421
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1421
Cruise: KM1425
KM1425
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1425
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1425
Cruise: KM1428
KM1428
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1428
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1428
Cruise: KOK1502
KOK1502
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1502
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1502
Cruise: KOK1503
KOK1503
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1503
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1503
Cruise: KM1504
KM1504
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1504
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1504
Cruise: KM1508
KM1508
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1508
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1508
Cruise: KM1510
KM1510
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1510
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1510
Cruise: KM1512
KM1512
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1512
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1512
Cruise: KOK1508
KOK1508
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1508
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1508
Cruise: KOK1515
KOK1515
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1515
R. Walter Deppe
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1515
Cruise: KM1602
KM1602
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1602
Dr Tara M. Clemente
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1602
Cruise: KM1603
KM1603
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1603
Susan E. Curless
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KM1603
Cruise: OC1605B
OC1605B
R/V Oceanus
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Oceanus
vessel
OC1605B
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing OC1605B
Cruise: KOK1608
KOK1608
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1608
Matthew J. Church
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1608
Cruise: KOK1611
KOK1611
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
KOK1611
Matthew J. Church
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing KOK1611
Cruise: OC1610A
OC1610A
R/V Oceanus
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Oceanus
vessel
OC1610A
Daniel W. Sadler
University of Hawai'i
http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/cruises.html
Report describing OC1610A
Multiple Vessels
vessel
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Ka`imikai-O-Kanaloa
vessel
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Thomas G. Thompson
vessel
R/V Oceanus
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Oceanus
vessel