http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/737514
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2018-05-23
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Sea urchin size, density, and species from transects surveyed in Palau, Yap, the Federated States of Micronesia, Majuro, and Kiritimati from 2017 to 2019
2021-07-14
publication
2021-07-14
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2020-09-29
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.737514.2
Robert van Woesik
Florida Institute of Technology
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: van Woesik, R. (2021) Sea urchin size, density, and species from transects surveyed in Palau, Yap, the Federated States of Micronesia, Majuro, and Kiritimati from 2017 to 2019. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 3) Version Date 2021-07-14 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.737514.3 [access date]
Sea urchin data Dataset Description: <p>These data were published in van Woesik &amp; Cacciapaglia (2018), van Woesik &amp; Cacciapaglia (2019), and van Woesik &amp; Cacciapaglia (2021).</p> Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Palau and Yap:</strong><br />
Sea urchins were measured for test diameter and classified as either <em>Diadema</em>, <em>Echinometra</em>, and 'other' in transects. Survey depth was maintained between 2 to 5 meters, to examine the potential of shallow-water reef-carbonate production. Urchins were identified in 10 m long by 60 cm wide transects, 30 cm either side of the 10 m tape. Each urchin’s test diameter was measured in the field. Surveys in Palau were conducted in June 2 to June 24, 2017, and from June 25 to July 6, 2017 in Yap.</p>
<p><strong>Federated States of Micronesia (FSM):</strong><br />
Twenty-four study sites were randomly selected in each of Pohnpei (6.2°N, 158.2°E) and Kosrae (5.3°N, 162.9°E) FSM using a randomly stratified sampling approach with the package sp in R. In Pohnpei, reefs were stratified as inner reefs, patch reefs, and outer reefs. In Kosrae, we only stratified the reefs as either inner reefs or outer reefs (because of the lack of patch reefs). Sample size of each strata was determined by calculating the geographic area of each reef type, using the area function from the R package raster, and allocating the number of sites in accordance with the area estimates. Reef surveys focused on the 2–5 meters depth contour to estimate shallow-water carbonate production.</p>
<p>Six, 10 m transects, using a modified line-intercept technique that followed the reef substrate, were used to measure the benthic composition for every centimeter, at each site of the 48 sites. A few meters gap was allocated between the ends of the transects to ensure no overlap of substrate between transects. The urchins were recorded as <em>Echinometra</em>, <em>Diadema</em>, and 'Other', and the diameter of each echinoid test was measured to the nearest 0.5 cm.</p>
<p><strong>Majuro (Republic of the Marshall Islands) and Kiritimati (Republic of Kiribati):</strong><br />
A stratified random sampling approach was used to survey the reefs of Majuro (7.0667° N, 171.2667° E) and Kiritimati (1.8721° N, 157.4278° W), by randomly selecting 24 study sites at each island using the package 'sp' in R. In both locations, a stratified random sampling approach was used to survey the reefs for carbonate production by randomly selecting 24 sites on each island, with the exception of Kiritimati where only 22 of the 24 sites were surveyed because of inclement weather. At both locations, the sites were stratified as either (i) outer reefs, or (ii) patch reefs in lagoons. The number of sites sampled per habitat varied according to the area of available habitat at each location. The investigators were particularly interested in determining the potential of shallow-water reef carbonate production, and therefore focused surveys between 2–5 m. Majuro was surveyed from&nbsp;6/17/2019 to 7/6/2019 and Kiritimati was surveyed from 7/10/2019 to 7/22/2019.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1657633 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1657633
completed
Robert van Woesik
Florida Institute of Technology
321-674-7475
150 West University Blvd
Melbourne
FL
32901-6975
USA
rvw@fit.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 3
Unknown
country
site_num
study_site
transect
species
diameter
State
theme
None, User defined
site description
site
replicate
species scientific name (binomial)
diameter
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
vanWoesik_Yap_2017
vanWoesik_Palau_2017
vanWoesik_FSM_2018
vanWoesik_Kiritibati_2019
vanWoesik_Majuro_2019
service
Deployment Activity
Yap
Palau
Federated States of Micronesia
Kiritimati (Republic of Kiribati)
Majuro (Republic of the Marshall Islands)
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Adjustment of western Pacific Ocean coral reefs to sea-level rise and ocean warming
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/709534
Adjustment of western Pacific Ocean coral reefs to sea-level rise and ocean warming
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
Increases in ocean temperatures and sea-level rise are threatening coral reef ecosystems worldwide. Indeed, some island nations are no more than 1 m above modern sea level. Yet, building sea walls on tropical coasts, to keep out the ocean, as they do in the Netherlands, is a substantial economic burden on small-island nations. Healthy coral reefs, however, have the capacity to lay down sufficient calcium carbonate to grow vertically and keep up with sea-level rise, as they did in the geological past. By contrast, damaged coral reefs do not have the capacity to keep up with sea-level rise, making the coastal communities vulnerable, and inflicting a large economic burden on the coastal societies to build sea walls. In addition, and very recently, coral reefs are being subjected to high water temperatures that are causing considerable damage to corals. This study will ask some critical questions: Are coral reefs in the western Pacific Ocean keeping up with sea-level rise? Where are reefs keeping up with sea-level rise, and what is preventing reefs in some localities from keeping up? This study will also examine whether geographical differences in ocean temperatures influence the capacity of reefs to keep up with sea-level rise. Where coral reefs cannot keep up with sea-level rise, these natural storm barriers will disappear, resulting in the loss of habitable land for millions of people worldwide. The broader impacts of the study will focus on training a post-doctoral researcher, and developing and running one-week training workshops in the proposed study locations in Palau, Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei, Kosrae, Majuro, and Kiribati. The investigators will work with local stakeholders on the various islands, focusing on connecting science to management practices to reduce local stressors to coral reefs.</p>
<p>Coral reefs are one of the world's most diverse and valuable marine ecosystems. Since the mid-Holocene, some 5000 years ago, coral reefs in the Pacific Ocean have been vertically constrained by sea level. Contemporary sea-level rise is releasing these constraints, providing accommodation space for vertical reef expansion. Yet recently corals have been repeatedly subjected to thermal-stress events, and we know little about whether modern coral reefs can "keep up" with projected future sea-level rise as the ocean temperatures continue to increase. This study will examine whether and where coral reefs are keeping up with sea-level rise across a temperature gradient in the Pacific Ocean, from Palau in the west to Kiribati in the east. The spatial differences in the capacity to keep up with sea level will be explored, and it is hypothesized that differential rates of coral growth and capacity to keep up with sea-level rise will be a function of regional temperatures, local water-flow rates, and land-use. One of the major tasks of this study is to determine the contribution of the various components of each reef to potential carbonate production, across the geographical temperature gradient. The investigators will quantify the rates of carbonate production, by corals and calcareous algae, and the rates of carbonate destruction, by reef eroders, by measuring the space occupied by each benthic component at each study site. The team will then sum that information to interpret the overall capacity of the reef to produce carbonate. At each study site mobile benthic eroders will be estimated, as counts and size measurements of echinoids and herbivorous fishes. The investigators will measure the densities of the different coral species, from different habitats, and develop models that relate the coral morphologies with the potential rate of carbonate deposition. This study will assess the contribution of sea surface temperature, flow rates, and land-use practice to the capacity of reefs to keep up with sea-level rise. Two different approaches will be used to predict the relationship between carbonate production and sea-level rise. The first model will assume that the capacity of vertical reef accretion is directly related to the extension of Porites microatolls at the various island locations. The second model will take a hierarchical Bayesian approach to examine reef growth, which depends on the presence and density of calcifying organisms, and on physical, chemical, and biological erosional processes.</p>
Coral Reef Adjustment
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
biota
oceans
Yap; Palau; Federated States of Micronesia; Kiritimati (Republic of Kiribati); Majuro (Republic of the Marshall Islands)
171.34102
-157.54984
1.7749
9.65683
2017-06-02
2019-07-22
Western Pacific: Palau, Yap, Pohnpei, Kosrae, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Kiribati
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Sea urchin size, density, and species from transects surveyed in Palau, Yap, the Federated States of Micronesia, Majuro, and Kiritimati from 2017 to 2019
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739575.rdf
Name: country
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Country of survey</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739576.rdf
Name: site_num
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Site number given to each surveyed site on each island</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739577.rdf
Name: study_site
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Site letter given to each study locality on each island</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739578.rdf
Name: transect
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Transect replicate out of 6</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739579.rdf
Name: species
Units: unitless
Description: <p>The genus of urchin found in the transect. NA indicates no urchins found in the transect. “other” means that the urchin found was not an Echinometra nor a Diadema.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739580.rdf
Name: diameter
Units: centimeters (cm)
Description: <p>Diameter of sea urchin test</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823715.rdf
Name: State
Units: unitless
Description: <p>State of survey</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
100997
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/27375/1/dataset-737514_urchins__v3.tsv
download
30252
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/26243/1/dataset-737514_urchins__v2.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.737514.2
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Palau and Yap:</strong><br />
Sea urchins were measured for test diameter and classified as either <em>Diadema</em>, <em>Echinometra</em>, and 'other' in transects. Survey depth was maintained between 2 to 5 meters, to examine the potential of shallow-water reef-carbonate production. Urchins were identified in 10 m long by 60 cm wide transects, 30 cm either side of the 10 m tape. Each urchin’s test diameter was measured in the field. Surveys in Palau were conducted in June 2 to June 24, 2017, and from June 25 to July 6, 2017 in Yap.</p>
<p><strong>Federated States of Micronesia (FSM):</strong><br />
Twenty-four study sites were randomly selected in each of Pohnpei (6.2°N, 158.2°E) and Kosrae (5.3°N, 162.9°E) FSM using a randomly stratified sampling approach with the package sp in R. In Pohnpei, reefs were stratified as inner reefs, patch reefs, and outer reefs. In Kosrae, we only stratified the reefs as either inner reefs or outer reefs (because of the lack of patch reefs). Sample size of each strata was determined by calculating the geographic area of each reef type, using the area function from the R package raster, and allocating the number of sites in accordance with the area estimates. Reef surveys focused on the 2–5 meters depth contour to estimate shallow-water carbonate production.</p>
<p>Six, 10 m transects, using a modified line-intercept technique that followed the reef substrate, were used to measure the benthic composition for every centimeter, at each site of the 48 sites. A few meters gap was allocated between the ends of the transects to ensure no overlap of substrate between transects. The urchins were recorded as <em>Echinometra</em>, <em>Diadema</em>, and 'Other', and the diameter of each echinoid test was measured to the nearest 0.5 cm.</p>
<p><strong>Majuro (Republic of the Marshall Islands) and Kiritimati (Republic of Kiribati):</strong><br />
A stratified random sampling approach was used to survey the reefs of Majuro (7.0667° N, 171.2667° E) and Kiritimati (1.8721° N, 157.4278° W), by randomly selecting 24 study sites at each island using the package 'sp' in R. In both locations, a stratified random sampling approach was used to survey the reefs for carbonate production by randomly selecting 24 sites on each island, with the exception of Kiritimati where only 22 of the 24 sites were surveyed because of inclement weather. At both locations, the sites were stratified as either (i) outer reefs, or (ii) patch reefs in lagoons. The number of sites sampled per habitat varied according to the area of available habitat at each location. The investigators were particularly interested in determining the potential of shallow-water reef carbonate production, and therefore focused surveys between 2–5 m. Majuro was surveyed from&nbsp;6/17/2019 to 7/6/2019 and Kiritimati was surveyed from 7/10/2019 to 7/22/2019.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>BCO-DMO&nbsp;Data Manager Processing Notes:<br />
Version 1:<br />
- This dataset was originally submitted to BCO-DMO as files;<br />
- added column called location with values (Palau|Yap);<br />
- added a conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date;<br />
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions;<br />
Version 2:<br />
- 2020-09-10:&nbsp;appended data from sites in Federated States of Micronesia (FSM);<br />
- replaced 'NA' and 'na' with 'nd' as missing data identifier.<br />
Version 3:<br />
- 2021-07-14: appended data from Kiritimati &amp; Majuro sites.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Deployment: vanWoesik_Yap_2017
vanWoesik_Yap_2017
shoreside Yap
island
vanWoesik_Yap_2017
Robert van Woesik
Florida Institute of Technology
Deployment: vanWoesik_Palau_2017
vanWoesik_Palau_2017
shoreside Palau
island
vanWoesik_Palau_2017
Robert van Woesik
Florida Institute of Technology
Deployment: vanWoesik_FSM_2018
vanWoesik_FSM_2018
shoreside Micronesia
shoreside
vanWoesik_FSM_2018
Robert van Woesik
Florida Institute of Technology
Deployment: vanWoesik_Kiritibati_2019
vanWoesik_Kiritibati_2019
Kiritimati
island
vanWoesik_Kiritibati_2019
Robert van Woesik
Florida Institute of Technology
Deployment: vanWoesik_Majuro_2019
vanWoesik_Majuro_2019
shoreside_Majuro
island
vanWoesik_Majuro_2019
Robert van Woesik
Florida Institute of Technology
shoreside Yap
island