http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/739790
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2018-07-12
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Processed data from Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) observations of Tritia trivittata and Tritia obsoleta behavior in various flow tanks
2018-07-12
publication
2018-07-12
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2018-07-13
publication
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.739873
Heidi L. Fuchs
Rutgers University
principalInvestigator
Adam J. Christman
Rutgers University
principalInvestigator
Gregory P. Gerbi
Skidmore College
principalInvestigator
Elias J. Hunter
Rutgers University
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Fuchs, H., Gerbi, G., Hunter, E., Christman, A. (2018) Processed data from Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) observations of Tritia trivittata and Tritia obsoleta behavior in various flow tanks. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2018-07-12 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.739873 [access date]
Dataset Description: <p>These data are published in:<br />
Fuchs, H.L., Gerbi, G.P, Hunter, E.J., &amp; Christman, A.J. (2018, in press). Waves cue distinct behaviors and differentiate transport of congeneric snail larvae from sheltered versus wavy habitats. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1804558115" target="_blank">10.1073/pnas.1804558115</a></p>
<p>The dataset includes processed data from Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) observations of <em>Tritia trivittata</em> and<em>&nbsp;Tritia obsoleta</em>. For each experiment, replicates are pooled, and instantaneous observations from larval trajectories are condensed into tabular format.&nbsp;Data were collected from 21 June, 2012 to 10 July, 2014 at&nbsp;Rutgers' Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p>Larvae were observed in grid-stirred turbulence and in three devices producing simpler flows dominated by strain, vorticity, or acceleration. The three simpler flow devices were operated either vertically or horizontally. In each device, multiple forcing frequencies were used so that larvae experienced a broad range of physical signals with intensities representative of most ocean regions.</p>
<p>In each device, larvae were gently added along with 10<sup>5</sup> cells mL<sup>-1</sup> algae (~18 μm preserved <em>Thalassiosira weissflogii</em>; Reed Mariculture) used as flow tracers. Movements of larvae and flow were measured simultaneously using 2-dimensional (2D), infrared particle-image velocimetry (PIV). The PIV system consisted of a 4 megapixel CCD camera (FlowSense, Dantec Dynamics) with a 100 mm lens (Tokina) and a pulsed diode laser (NanoPower 4W or 7W, 808 nm) with a ~2 mm beam width. Image sizes and locations varied among flow tanks (Fig. S1, Fuchs et al. 2018). After an initial 10-20 min acclimation period, larvae were observed in still water for 5 min, and then four or five flow treatments were applied in random order with ≥10 min of no oscillation between successive treatments. Each treatment included a 10 min spin-up period for the flow to become stationary (statistically invariant in time) followed by 5—20 min of recording.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1060622 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1060622
completed
Heidi L. Fuchs
Rutgers University
848-932-3252
Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences 71 Dudley Road
New Brunswick
NJ
08901
USA
hfuchs@marine.rutgers.edu
pointOfContact
Adam J. Christman
Rutgers University
ajchristman@gmail.com
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering 156 Fitzpatrick Hall
Notre Dame
IN
46556
USA
ajchristman@gmail.com
pointOfContact
Gregory P. Gerbi
Skidmore College
518-580-5127
Physics Department 815 North Broadway
Saratoga Springs
NY
12866
USA
ggerbi@skidmore.edu
pointOfContact
Elias J. Hunter
Rutgers University
848-932-3704
Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences 71 Dudley Road
New Brunswick
NJ
08901
USA
hunter@marine.rutgers.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
file_name
larval_stage
species
flow_tank
direction
x
z
uf
wf
ub
wb
larval_axial_rotation_ang
larval_propulsive_force
propulsion_direction
dissipation_rate
horizontal_comp_of_vorticity
acceleration
strain_rate
near-infrared (IR) particle image velocimeter (IR PIV)
theme
None, User defined
file_name
stage
species scientific name (binomial)
tank
No BCO-DMO term
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Relative Influence of Turbulence and Waves on Larval Behavior
http://marine.rutgers.edu/~hfuchs/Rutgers_site/Research/Entries/2010/12/17_Larval_responses_to_turbulence_and_waves.html
Relative Influence of Turbulence and Waves on Larval Behavior
<p>This study will investigate how snail larvae from distinct habitats respond to fluid mechanical cues in turbulence and surface gravity waves. Turbulence and waves are common features of coastal flows and may provide larvae with behavior cues that aid transport toward specific flow regimes or habitats. Turbulence induces some mollusk larvae to sink more frequently, but the detection mechanism and the response to waves are unknown. Larvae may sense spatial velocity gradients (strain rate and vorticity) or acceleration. Larvalscale flows are affected differently by turbulence and waves, because turbulence can generate larger strain rates and vorticity but waves can generate larger accelerations. Larvae that sense multiple flow characteristics may be able to distinguish between turbulence-dominated coastal embayments and wave-dominated regions of the continental shelf. In this study, larval behaviors will be quantified in several devices that generate steady strain rates and vorticity, simple acceleration, homogeneous turbulence, and complex flow with turbulence plus waves. Data will be used to develop stochastic models of larval behavior as a function of hydrodynamics and to test hypotheses about ecological and size-based controls on behavior.</p>
<p>The proposed research addresses several fundamental aspects of larval behavior and the ecological impacts of turbulence and waves:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Novel approaches for insights on behavioral signaling:</strong> Two-phase infrared particle-image velocimetry techniques will be applied in multiple flow tanks to study effects of both turbulence and waves at the larval scale. Statistical protocols will be developed for converting behavior observations into empirical models, laying the groundwork for careful integration of more complex behaviors with physical circulation models. Results will identify the key fluid characteristics affecting behavior in species from intertidal and shelf habitats.</li>
<li><strong>Impact of waves on behavior:</strong> Many habitats are influenced or even dominated by waves, yet the potential for waves to provide a larval behavioral signal is unexplored. To our knowledge, this will be the first study of how larvae respond to the large accelerations present only in waves.</li>
<li><strong>Role of behavior in dispersal:</strong> Benthic recruitment variability arises partly from vagaries of dispersal that result from larval responses to the physical environment. Turbulence and waves vary spatially and also temporally due to stratification, water depth, tides, and winds. Small-scale symptoms of turbulence and waves could elicit larval behaviors that contribute to differences in dispersal trajectories. This study will describe larval responses to hydromechanical cues that ultimately could explain considerable uncertainty in dispersal and recruitment.</li>
<li><strong>Adaptation to physical environments:</strong> Shears and acceleration are potential behavior signals that could be enhanced or dampened by human impacts such as boating, shoreline modification, or increased storms. If behaviors are tuned to specific flow regimes, larvae may have difficulty adapting to changing marine environments. This work will be instrumental in assessing the potential ecological impacts of changing physical processes on larval behavior and dispersal.</li>
</ul>
<p>In addition to the data contributed to BCO-DMO, addtional data resources include:</p>
<p><strong>1. Particle image velocimetry data:</strong> Metadata for digital image data will be archived on the project<br />
web page hosted by Rutgers Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences. Image data will be made<br />
available on request after publication of results. The Rutgers library system is implementing a data<br />
archiving system, and project metadata will also be stored on that system when it becomes available.</p>
<p><strong>2. Biological Data: </strong>Adult snails will be collected from the intertidal zone and from the continental<br />
shelf offshore of Tuckerton, New Jersey. Shelf samples will be collected by beam trawling from the<br />
R/V Arabella. Two 1-day cruises will be scheduled in 2012 or later. Snails will be cultured and used<br />
for spawning stock to produce larvae. Type specimens of all snails collected will be preserved in<br />
ethanol and stored at Rutgers. Metadata for snail collections will be posted on the project web page.</p>
<p> </p>
Turbulence and Larval Behavior
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
biota
oceans
-74.437189
-74.437189
40.479535
40.479535
2012-06-21
2014-07-10
Coastal New Jersey
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Processed data from Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) observations of Tritia trivittata and Tritia obsoleta behavior in various flow tanks
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739841.rdf
Name: file_name
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Original name of csv file</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739842.rdf
Name: larval_stage
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Larval stage: Precomp = precompetent larvae; Comp = competent larvae</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739843.rdf
Name: species
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Name of species: T_trivittata = Tritia trivittata; T_obsoleta = Tritia obsoleta</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739844.rdf
Name: flow_tank
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Type of flow tank: turb = grid-stirred turbulence tank; couette = Couette device; rotate = rotating cylinder; accel = shaker flask</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739845.rdf
Name: direction
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Direction (axis of rotation for Couette device and rotating cylinder, direction of oscillation for shaker flask): H = horizontal; V: vertical</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739846.rdf
Name: x
Units: centimeters (cm)
Description: <p>x</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739847.rdf
Name: z
Units: centimeters (cm)
Description: <p>y</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739848.rdf
Name: uf
Units: centimeters per second (cm/s)
Description: <p>uf</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739849.rdf
Name: wf
Units: centimeters per second (cm/s)
Description: <p>wf</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739850.rdf
Name: ub
Units: centimeters per second (cm/s)
Description: <p>ub</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739851.rdf
Name: wb
Units: centimeters per second (cm/s)
Description: <p>wb</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739852.rdf
Name: larval_axial_rotation_ang
Units: radians
Description: <p>Larval axial rotation angle</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739853.rdf
Name: larval_propulsive_force
Units: N
Description: <p>Larval propulsive force magnitude</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739854.rdf
Name: propulsion_direction
Units: radians
Description: <p>Propulsion direction relative to larval axis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739855.rdf
Name: dissipation_rate
Units: m^2 s^-3
Description: <p>Dissipation rate at larval location</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739856.rdf
Name: horizontal_comp_of_vorticity
Units: s^-1
Description: <p>horizontal component of vorticity at larval location</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739857.rdf
Name: acceleration
Units: meters per second (m s^-2)
Description: <p>acceleration at larval location</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/739858.rdf
Name: strain_rate
Units: s^-1
Description: <p>strain rate at larval location</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
64551314
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/10473/1/data_snail-larvae-turbulence-and-waves.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.739873
download
onLine
dataset
<p>Larvae were observed in grid-stirred turbulence and in three devices producing simpler flows dominated by strain, vorticity, or acceleration. The three simpler flow devices were operated either vertically or horizontally. In each device, multiple forcing frequencies were used so that larvae experienced a broad range of physical signals with intensities representative of most ocean regions.</p>
<p>In each device, larvae were gently added along with 10<sup>5</sup> cells mL<sup>-1</sup> algae (~18 μm preserved <em>Thalassiosira weissflogii</em>; Reed Mariculture) used as flow tracers. Movements of larvae and flow were measured simultaneously using 2-dimensional (2D), infrared particle-image velocimetry (PIV). The PIV system consisted of a 4 megapixel CCD camera (FlowSense, Dantec Dynamics) with a 100 mm lens (Tokina) and a pulsed diode laser (NanoPower 4W or 7W, 808 nm) with a ~2 mm beam width. Image sizes and locations varied among flow tanks (Fig. S1, Fuchs et al. 2018). After an initial 10-20 min acclimation period, larvae were observed in still water for 5 min, and then four or five flow treatments were applied in random order with ≥10 min of no oscillation between successive treatments. Each treatment included a 10 min spin-up period for the flow to become stationary (statistically invariant in time) followed by 5—20 min of recording.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Data were processed using DynamicStudio (v.4.10, Dantec) and Matlab (2011b through 2016b, Mathworks). Fluid and larvae move in different directions, so we first separated the PIV images of particles and larvae using techniques for 2-phase flow. Fluid velocities were computed from the particle images with larvae masked out, and larval translational velocities were calculated from larval trajectories. Fluid motion and larval translation differ due to swimming or sinking movement relative to flow outside the larval boundary layer. In the vertical (<em>z</em>) dimension, <em>w</em><sub>b</sub>=<em>w</em><sub>o</sub>-<em>w</em><sub>f</sub>, where <em>w</em><sub>b</sub> is the instantaneous behavioral velocity, <em>w</em><sub>f</sub> is the instantaneous flow velocity, and <em>w</em><sub>o</sub> is the instantaneous translational (observed) velocity of an individual larva. The horizontal behavioral velocities were computed similarly for <em>u</em><sub>b</sub> in the <em>x</em> dimension. Trajectories had mean durations of ~2 s in the weakest flow conditions down to ~0.1 s in the strongest flow conditions and were too short to analyze behavioral changes over time.</p>
<p>We used the PIV data to analyze larval swimming mechanics as a response to the instantaneous flow environments around individual larvae (Fuchs et al. 2013, 2015a, 2015b). The relevant hydrodynamic signals are the dissipation rate ε, strain rate γ, horizontal component of vorticity ξ, and fluid acceleration α. We calculated 2D approximations of these signals from fluid velocities and their gradients, interpolated in space and time to the larval observations.</p>
<p>Approximations for ε varied among flow tanks (Fuchs et al. 2013, 2015b). We also calculated the instantaneous fluid forces on individual larvae. The product of larval mass and acceleration is balanced by a vector sum of forces, including gravity, buoyancy, drag, Basset history forces, fluid acceleration, and the force that larvae exert to propel themselves (see Appendix of Fuchs et al. 2015b). Assuming larvae to be spherical, we computed all terms except propulsive force from measured velocities, larval size, and density (Fuchs et al. 2013), then solved the force balance equation for the propulsive force vector F<sub>v</sub>, which indicates the magnitude and Cartesian direction of larval swimming effort. The propulsion direction was corrected to larval coordinates by estimating the vorticity-induced larval tilt angle ϕ (Fuchs 2013), and larvae were classified as "swimming" or "sinking/diving" if their propulsive force was directed upward (velum direction) or downward (shell direction), respectively, relative to the body axis.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
near-infrared (IR) particle image velocimeter (IR PIV)
near-infrared (IR) particle image velocimeter (IR PIV)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: near-infrared (IR) particle image velocimeter (IR PIV) PI Supplied Instrument Description:Larval behavior and flow were observed simultaneously using near-infrared (IR) particle image velocimeter (IR PIV). The PIV system consisted of a 4 megapixel CCD camera (FlowSense, Dantec Dynamics) with a 100 mm lens (Tokina) and a pulsed diode laser (NanoPower 4W or 7W, 808 nm) with a ~2 mm beam width. Instrument Name: Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Measures 2D velocity flow fields, usually by scanning particles with a laser beam and capturing images of the illuminated particles.