Sediment core sample metadata collected July 2017 in the back barrier island bays on Virginia’s Eastern Shore

Website: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/745816
Data Type: Other Field Results
Version: 1
Version Date: 2018-09-06

Project
» Toward an Improved Understanding of Blue Carbon: The Role of Seagrasses in Sequestering CO2 (Seagrass Blue Carbon)
ContributorsAffiliationRole
Burdige, David J.Old Dominion University (ODU)Principal Investigator
Long, Matthew H.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)Co-Principal Investigator
Zimmerman, Richard C.Old Dominion University (ODU)Co-Principal Investigator
Copley, NancyWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)BCO-DMO Data Manager

Abstract
This dataset includes metadata on sediment cores collected during July 2017 in the back barrier island bays on Virginia’s Eastern Shore - location, date and time of sample collection and processing, and which analyses were performed on each core.


Coverage

Spatial Extent: N:37.344 E:-75.798 S:37.266 W:-75.835
Temporal Extent: 2017-07-12 - 2017-07-21

Dataset Description

This dataset includes metadata on sediment cores collected during July 2017 in the back barrier island bays on Virginia’s Eastern Shore - location, date and time of sample collection and processing, and which analyses were performed on each core.


Methods & Sampling

Sediment cores were collected by divers, sealed in the filed with rubber stoppers and returned to the lab for processing. Pore waters were collected by inserting rhizon samplers (Seeberg-Elverfeldt et al., 2005) through pre-drilled holes in the core tubes.  Samples were collected in gas-tight glass syringes and filtered through 0.45 µm nylon filters into storage vials.  Alkalinity samples were titrated within 12hr of collection; other samples were returned to the lab for analysis, using techniques routinely used in my lab.

Alkalinity and initial pH were determined by Gran Titration using a Metrohm automatic titrator (model 785 DMP Titrino) combined with a Cole-Parmer pH electrode, calibrated using pH 4.00, 7.00 and 10.00 NIST-traceable buffers (Hu and Burdige, 2008).  Sulfate was determined by ion chromatography and conductivity detection with a Thermo-Fisher Dionex ICS-5000 ion chromatograph, while DOC was determined by high-temperature combustion using a Shimadzu TOC-V total carbon analyzer (Burdige and Komada, 2011; Komada et al. 2016).  Ammonium and DIC were determined by FIA analysis using a home-built system consisting of a Rainin Rabbit peristaltic pump and a Dionex CDM-II conductivity detector (Hall and Aller, 1992; Lustwerk and Burdige, 1995).  Total dissolved sulfide was determined spectrophotometrically with an Ocean Optics USB400 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Cline, 1969; Abdulla et al., in prep.); Total dissolved iron was also determined spectrophotometrically by the ferrozine method using the same spectrophotometer  (Viollier et al., 2000).

Oxygen profiles in the cores were collected with polarographic microelectrodes (Luther et al., 2008) using a DLK 70 WebPstat electrochemical analyzer (AIS, Inc.) and a computer-controlled micro-profiler.


Data Processing Description

BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions
- added columns for site, lat, and lon
- reformatted collection date and time from m/d/yyyy H:MM to YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS (ISO 8601:2004€ )
- replaced empty cell with - to distinguish them from x (all cells must be non-empty in our current system


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Data Files

File
ES_2017_core_meta.csv
(Comma Separated Values (.csv), 1.20 KB)
MD5:ef16949e8ccf99dbacea0f44f18450c9
Primary data file for dataset ID 745816

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Related Publications

Abdulla, H. A., Burdige, D. J., & Komada, T. (2020). Abiotic formation of dissolved organic sulfur in anoxic sediments of Santa Barbara Basin. Organic Geochemistry, 139, 103879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2019.05.009
Methods
Burdige, D. J., & Komada, T. (2011). Anaerobic oxidation of methane and the stoichiometry of remineralization processes in continental margin sediments. Limnology and Oceanography, 56(5), 1781–1796. doi:10.4319/lo.2011.56.5.1781
Methods
Cline, J. D. (1969). Spectrophotometric Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Natural Waters. Limnology and Oceanography, 14(3), 454–458. doi:10.4319/lo.1969.14.3.0454
Methods
Hall, P. . J., & Aller, R. C. (1992). Rapid, small-volume, flow injection analysis for total CO2, and NH4+ in marine and freshwaters. Limnology and Oceanography, 37(5), 1113–1119. doi:10.4319/lo.1992.37.5.1113
Methods
Hu, X., & Burdige, D. J. (2008). Shallow marine carbonate dissolution and early diagenesis—Implications from an incubation study. Journal of Marine Research, 66(4), 489–527. doi:10.1357/002224008787157449
Methods
Komada, T., Burdige, D. J., Li, H.-L., Magen, C., Chanton, J. P., & Cada, A. K. (2016). Organic matter cycling across the sulfate-methane transition zone of the Santa Barbara Basin, California Borderland. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 176, 259–278. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.12.022
Methods
Lustwerk, R. L., & Burdige, D. J. (1995). Elimination of dissolved sulfide interference in the flow injection determination of SCO2, by addition of molybdate. Limnology and Oceanography, 40(5), 1011–1012. doi:10.4319/lo.1995.40.5.1011
Methods
Luther, G. W., Glazer, B. T., Ma, S., Trouwborst, R. E., Moore, T. S., Metzger, E., … Brendel, P. J. (2008). Use of voltammetric solid-state (micro)electrodes for studying biogeochemical processes: Laboratory measurements to real time measurements with an in situ electrochemical analyzer (ISEA). Marine Chemistry, 108(3-4), 221–235. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2007.03.002
Methods
Seeberg-Elverfeldt, J., Schlüter, M., Feseker, T., & Kölling, M. (2005). Rhizon sampling of porewaters near the sediment-water interface of aquatic systems. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 3(8), 361–371. doi:10.4319/lom.2005.3.361
Methods

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Parameters

ParameterDescriptionUnits
site

sample collection site identifier

unitless
lat

latitude; north is positive

decimal degrees
lon

longitude; east is positive

decimal degrees
core

core designator

unitless
date_processed

local date and time processed formatted as YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS (ISO 8601:2004E )

unitless
PW

pore water collection and analysis (alkalinity; pH; sulfate; DIC; DOC sulfide; ammonium; Fe) was performed

unitless
Ox

polarographic O2 microsensor analysis was performed

unitless
phi

sediment porosity was measured

unitless
Pb210

210Pb analyses were performed

unitless
sol

solids were frozen from later analysis (TOC; Fe speciation; etc.)

unitless


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Instruments

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Metrohm automatic titrator (model 785 DMP Titrino)
Generic Instrument Name
Automatic titrator
Dataset-specific Description
Used to measure alkalinity and initial pH
Generic Instrument Description
Instruments that incrementally add quantified aliquots of a reagent to a sample until the end-point of a chemical reaction is reached.

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Dionex CDM-II conductivity detector
Generic Instrument Name
Conductivity Meter
Dataset-specific Description
Used to measure ammonium and dissolved inorganic carbon.
Generic Instrument Description
Conductivity Meter - An electrical conductivity meter (EC meter) measures the electrical conductivity in a solution. Commonly used in hydroponics, aquaculture and freshwater systems to monitor the amount of nutrients, salts or impurities in the water.

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Thermo-Fisher Dionex ICS-5000 ion chromatograph
Generic Instrument Name
Ion Chromatograph
Dataset-specific Description
Used to measure sulfate.
Generic Instrument Description
Ion chromatography is a form of liquid chromatography that measures concentrations of ionic species by separating them based on their interaction with a resin. Ionic species separate differently depending on species type and size. Ion chromatographs are able to measure concentrations of major anions, such as fluoride, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, and sulfate, as well as major cations such as lithium, sodium, ammonium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in the parts-per-billion (ppb) range. (from http://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/research_methods/biogeochemical/ic....)

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Ocean Optics USB400 UV-Vis spectrophotometer
Generic Instrument Name
Spectrophotometer
Dataset-specific Description
Used to measure total dissolved sulfide and t​otal dissolved iron.
Generic Instrument Description
An instrument used to measure the relative absorption of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths in the near infra-red, visible and ultraviolet wavebands by samples.

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Shimadzu TOC-V total carbon analyzer
Generic Instrument Name
Total Organic Carbon Analyzer
Dataset-specific Description
Used to measure dissolved organic carbon.
Generic Instrument Description
A unit that accurately determines the carbon concentrations of organic compounds typically by detecting and measuring its combustion product (CO2). See description document at: http://bcodata.whoi.edu/LaurentianGreatLakes_Chemistry/bs116.pdf


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Project Information

Toward an Improved Understanding of Blue Carbon: The Role of Seagrasses in Sequestering CO2 (Seagrass Blue Carbon)

Coverage: Chesapeake Bay, Northern Gulf of Mexico, and Bahamas Banks


NSF abstract:

This research will develop a quantitative understanding of the factors controlling carbon cycling in seagrass meadows that will improve our ability to quantify their potential as blue carbon sinks and predict their future response to climate change, including sea level rise, ocean warming and ocean acidification. This project will advance a new generation of bio-optical-geochemical models and tools (ECHOES) that have the potential to be transform our ability to measure and predict carbon dynamics in shallow water systems.

This study will utilize cutting-edge methods for evaluating oxygen and carbon exchange (Eulerian and eddy covariance techniques) combined with biomass, sedimentary, and water column measurements to develop and test numerical models that can be scaled up to quantify the dynamics of carbon cycling and sequestration in seagrass meadows in temperate and tropical environments of the West Atlantic continental margin that encompass both siliciclastic and carbonate sediments. The comparative analysis across latitudinal and geochemical gradients will address the relative contributions of different species and geochemical processes to better constrain the role of seagrass carbon sequestration to global biogeochemical cycles. Specifically the research will quantify: (i) the relationship between C stocks and standing biomass for different species with different life histories and structural complexity, (ii) the influence of above- and below-ground metabolism on carbon exchange, and (iii) the influence of sediment type (siliciclastic vs. carbonate) on Blue Carbon storage. Seagrass biomass, growth rates, carbon content and isotope composition (above- and below-ground), organic carbon deposition and export will be measured. Sedimentation rates and isotopic composition of PIC, POC, and iron sulfide precipitates, as well as porewater concentrations of dissolved sulfide, CO2, alkalinity and salinity will be determined in order to develop a bio-optical-geochemical model that will predict the impact of seagrass metabolism on sediment geochemical processes that control carbon cycling in shallow waters. Model predictions will be validated against direct measurements of DIC and O2 exchange in seagrass meadows, enabling us to scale-up the density-dependent processes to predict the impacts of seagrass distribution and density on carbon cycling and sequestration across the submarine landscape.

Status, as of 09 June 2016: This project has been recommended for funding by NSF's Division of Ocean Sciences.



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Funding

Funding SourceAward
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE)
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE)

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