http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/764780 eng; USA utf8 dataset Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 2019-04-11 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Partition coefficients of the radionuclide into colloidal organic matter from seawater of the west Pacific Ocean and the northern Gulf of Mexico 2019-04-11 publication 2019-04-11 revision Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA) 2019-04-11 publication https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.764780.1 Peter Santschi Texas A&M, Galveston principalInvestigator Antonietta Quigg Texas A&M, Galveston principalInvestigator Kathleen Schwehr Texas A&M, Galveston principalInvestigator Chen Xu Texas A&M, Galveston principalInvestigator Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. publisher Cite this dataset as: Santschi, P., Quigg, A., Schwehr, K., Xu, C. (2019) Partition coefficients of the radionuclide into colloidal organic matter from seawater of the west Pacific Ocean and the northern Gulf of Mexico. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2019-04-11 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.764780.1 [access date] Partition coefficients of the radionuclide into colloidal organic matter Dataset Description: &lt;p&gt;Partition coefficients of the radionuclide into colloidal organic matter.&amp;nbsp;To study the binding mechanisms of radionuclides to organic moieties in colloidal organic matter (COM),marine colloids (1 kDa–0.2 μm) were isolated by cross-flow ultrafiltration from seawater of the west Pacific Ocean and the northern Gulf of Mexico. For the same purpose, exopolymeric substances (EPS) produced by laboratory cultured diatoms were collected as well. In our study areas, colloidal organic carbon (COC) concentrations ranged from 6.5 to 202 μg-C/L in the Pacific Ocean, and were 808 μg-C/L in the Gulf of Mexico. The COM compositions (organic carbon, organic nitrogen, proteins, total hydrolysable amino acids, total polysaccharides, uronic acids, hydroxamate siderophores, hydroquinone) were quantified to examine the relationships between partition coefficients (Kc) of five different radionuclides, 234Th, 233Pa, 210Pb, 210Po and 7Be, and concentration ratios to COC of individual chelating biomolecules that could potentially act as a chelating moiety. The range of partition coefficients (Kc, reported as logKc) of radionuclides between water and the different colloidal materials was 5.12 to 5.85 for 234Th, 5.19 to 6.01 for 233Pa, 4.21 to 4.85 for 210Pb, 4.87 to 5.68 for 210Po, and 4.49 to 4.92 for 7Be, similar to values previously reported for lab and field determinations under different particle concentrations. While any relationship obtained between Kc and abundance of specific moieties could not be taken as proving the existence of colloidal organic binding ligands for the different radionuclides, it could suggest possible organic moieties involved in the scavenging of these natural radionuclides. Together with results from isoelectric focusing of radiolabeled COM, we conclude that binding to different biomolecules is nuclide-specific, with colloidal hydroxamate siderophoric moieties being important for the binding of Th and Pa radionuclides. Hydroquinones/ quinone (HQ/Q) facilitated redox and chelation reactions seem to be involved in the binding of Pa and Be. However, the actual mechanisms are not clear. Individual amino acids, proteins, total polysaccharides and uronic acids did not yield significant relationships with logKc values of the different radionuclides. Nonetheless, our results provide new insights into the relative importance of different potential ligand moieties in COM in the binding and possible scavenging of specific radionuclides in the ocean.&lt;/p&gt; Methods and Sampling: &lt;p&gt;Activity concentrations of 234Th, 233Pa, 210Pb, and 7Be were measured by counting the gamma decay energies at 63.5 keV, 312 keV, 46.5 keV, and 477.6 keV, respectively, on a Canberra ultrahigh purity germanium well detector. The 210Po activity was analyzed by liquid scintillation counting (Beckman Model 8100 Liquid Scintillation Counter).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Concentrations of total carbohydrate (TCHO) were determined by the TPTZ (2, 4, 6-tripyridyl-s-triazine) method using glucose as the standard and [Hung and Santschi, 2001]. Protein content was determined using a modified Lowry protein assay, using bovine serum albumin as the standard (Pierce, Thermo Scientific).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Elemental contents of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), were determined by a Perkin Elmer CHN 2400 analyzer, using cysteine (29.99% C, 11.67% N) as a standard.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In order to examine the specific binding ligands to five different radionuclides in the marine colloids and diatom culture-derived EPS, radiolabeled biopolymers (E1, E3, C9 and C11; suitable due to their high OC content and available sample amount) were subjected to Isoelectric Focusing (IEF) separation with a Gel Electrophoresis apparatus (Amersham Biosciences, Multiphor Electrophoresis System). Briefly, radiolabeled biopolymers and a 140 μL of rehydration solution were loaded onto an IPG strip (GE Healthcare Immobiline™ Drystrip, pH 3–10, 11 cm) and were re-swelled overnight. Afterwards, the strip was loaded into the device for isoelectric focusing for 17.5 h. The strip was then cut into eleven 1 cm-pieces and followed by 1% SDS extraction overnight. Activity concentrations of the five radionuclides in each fraction&lt;br /&gt; were subsequently analyzed. Due to the limited amount of each strip fraction, only selected chemical components (TCHO, Proteins and Fe) in individual fractions were characterized by methods described above. To avoid any interference from any background contamination, SDS extractants underwent diafiltration (desalting) using 1 kDa cutoff Microsep™ centrifugal devices (Pall Life Sciences) using ultra pure Milli-Q water for at least three times.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1356453 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1356453 completed Peter Santschi Texas A&M, Galveston 4097404476 200 Seawolf Pkwy Galveston TX 77553 US santschi@tamug.edu pointOfContact Antonietta Quigg Texas A&M, Galveston 409-740-4990 200 Seawolf Pkwy Galveston TX 77553 quigga@tamug.edu pointOfContact Kathleen Schwehr Texas A&M, Galveston 200 Seawolf Pkwy Galveston TX 77553 pointOfContact Chen Xu Texas A&M, Galveston 409-354-8312 200 Seawolf Pkwy Galveston TX 77553 xuc@tamug.edu pointOfContact asNeeded Dataset Version: 1 Unknown compound_for_ratio ratio_to_OC_pcnt LogK_radionuclide LogK calculation_type Perkin Elmer CHN 2400 analyzer Amersham Biosciences, Multiphor Electrophoresis System theme None, User defined No BCO-DMO term featureType BCO-DMO Standard Parameters CHN Elemental Analyzer Electrophoresis Chamber instrument BCO-DMO Standard Instruments otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use. Biopolymers as carrier phases for selected natural radionuclides (of Th, Pa, Pb, Po, Be) in diatoms and coccolithophores https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/735996 Biopolymers as carrier phases for selected natural radionuclides (of Th, Pa, Pb, Po, Be) in diatoms and coccolithophores <p><span style="background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial; font-size:11pt">NSF Award Abstract:</span></p> <p>Particle-associated natural radioisotopes are transported to the ocean floor mostly via silica and carbonate ballasted particles, allowing their use as tracers for particle transport. Th(IV), Pa (IV,V), Po(IV), Pb(II) and Be(II) radionuclides are important proxies in oceanographic investigations, used for tracing particle and colloid cycling, estimating export fluxes of particulate organic carbon, tracing air-sea exchange, paleoproductivity, and/or ocean circulation in paleoceanographic studies. Even though tracer approaches are considered routine, there are cases where data interpretation or validity has become controversial, largely due to uncertainties about inorganic proxies and organic carrier molecules. Recent studies showed that cleaned diatom frustules and pure silica particles, sorb natural radionuclides to a much lower extent (by 1-2 orders of magnitude) than whole diatom cells (with or without shells). Phytoplankton that build siliceous or calcareous shells, such as the diatoms and coccolithophores, are assembled via bio-mineralization processes using biopolymers as nanoscale templates. These templates could serve as possible carriers for radionuclides and stable metals.</p> <p>In this project, a research team at the Texas A &amp; M University at Galveston hypothesize that radionuclide sorption is controlled by selective biopolymers that are associated with biogenic opal (diatoms), CaCO3 (coccolithophores) and the attached exopolymeric substances (EPS), rather than to pure mineral phase. To pursue this idea, the major objectives of their research will include separation, identification and molecular-level characterization of the individual biopolymers (e.g., polysaccharides, uronic acids, proteins, hydroquinones, hydroxamate siderophores, etc.) that are responsible for binding different radionuclides (Th, Pa, Pb, Po and Be) attached to cells or in the matrix of biogenic opal or CaCO3 as well as attached EPS mixture, in laboratory grown diatom and coccolithophore cultures. Laboratory-scale radiolabeling experiments will be conducted, and different separation techniques and characterization techniques will be applied.</p> <p>Intellectual Merit : It is expected that this study will help elucidate the molecular basis of the templated growth of diatoms and coccoliths, EPS and their role in scavenging natural radionuclides in the ocean, and help resolve debates on the oceanographic tracer applications of different natural radioisotopes (230,234Th, 231Pa, 210Po, 210Pb and 7,10Be). The proposed interdisciplinary research project will require instrumental approaches for molecular-level characterization of these radionuclides associated carrier molecules.</p> <p>Broader Impacts: The results of this study will be relevant for understanding biologically mediated ocean scavenging of radionuclides by diatoms and coccoliths which is important for carbon cycling in the ocean, and will contribute to improved interpretation of data obtained by field studies especially through the GEOTRACES program. This new program will enhance training programs at TAMUG for postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students. Lastly, results will be integrated in college courses and out-reach activities at Texas A&amp;M University, including NSF-REU, Sea Camp, Elder Hostel and exhibits at the local science fair and interaction with its after-school program engaging Grade 9-12 students from groups traditionally underrepresented.</p> Biopolymers for radionuclides largerWorkCitation project eng; USA oceans 2019-04-11 0 BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Partition coefficients of the radionuclide into colloidal organic matter from seawater of the west Pacific Ocean and the northern Gulf of Mexico Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/764788.rdf Name: compound_for_ratio Units: unitless Description: <p>compound used in the ratio for ratio_to_OC_pcnt</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/764789.rdf Name: ratio_to_OC_pcnt Units: unitless (percent) Description: <p>Carbon normalized ratio of the compound in compound_for_ratio repreented as a percent</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/764790.rdf Name: LogK_radionuclide Units: unitless Description: <p>the radionuclide for the partition coefficient</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/764791.rdf Name: LogK Units: logKc Description: <p>partition coefficient of the radionuclide in LogK_radionuclide</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/764792.rdf Name: calculation_type Units: unitless Description: <p>the procedure for calculating LogK</p> GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 3156 https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/24000/1/dataset-764780_partitioncoefficientsforcoc__v1.tsv download https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.764780.1 download onLine dataset &lt;p&gt;Activity concentrations of 234Th, 233Pa, 210Pb, and 7Be were measured by counting the gamma decay energies at 63.5 keV, 312 keV, 46.5 keV, and 477.6 keV, respectively, on a Canberra ultrahigh purity germanium well detector. The 210Po activity was analyzed by liquid scintillation counting (Beckman Model 8100 Liquid Scintillation Counter).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Concentrations of total carbohydrate (TCHO) were determined by the TPTZ (2, 4, 6-tripyridyl-s-triazine) method using glucose as the standard and [Hung and Santschi, 2001]. Protein content was determined using a modified Lowry protein assay, using bovine serum albumin as the standard (Pierce, Thermo Scientific).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Elemental contents of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), were determined by a Perkin Elmer CHN 2400 analyzer, using cysteine (29.99% C, 11.67% N) as a standard.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In order to examine the specific binding ligands to five different radionuclides in the marine colloids and diatom culture-derived EPS, radiolabeled biopolymers (E1, E3, C9 and C11; suitable due to their high OC content and available sample amount) were subjected to Isoelectric Focusing (IEF) separation with a Gel Electrophoresis apparatus (Amersham Biosciences, Multiphor Electrophoresis System). Briefly, radiolabeled biopolymers and a 140 μL of rehydration solution were loaded onto an IPG strip (GE Healthcare Immobiline™ Drystrip, pH 3–10, 11 cm) and were re-swelled overnight. Afterwards, the strip was loaded into the device for isoelectric focusing for 17.5 h. The strip was then cut into eleven 1 cm-pieces and followed by 1% SDS extraction overnight. Activity concentrations of the five radionuclides in each fraction&lt;br /&gt; were subsequently analyzed. Due to the limited amount of each strip fraction, only selected chemical components (TCHO, Proteins and Fe) in individual fractions were characterized by methods described above. To avoid any interference from any background contamination, SDS extractants underwent diafiltration (desalting) using 1 kDa cutoff Microsep™ centrifugal devices (Pall Life Sciences) using ultra pure Milli-Q water for at least three times.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) &lt;p&gt;BCO-DMO Processing Notes:&lt;br /&gt; -&amp;nbsp;added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date&lt;br /&gt; - modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions&lt;br /&gt; - converted latitude and longitude values from degrees minutes to decimal degrees&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) asNeeded 7.x-1.1 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact Perkin Elmer CHN 2400 analyzer Perkin Elmer CHN 2400 analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Name: Perkin Elmer CHN 2400 analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Elemental contents of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), were determined by a Perkin Elmer CHN 2400 analyzer, using cysteine (29.99% C, 11.67% N) as a standard. Instrument Name: CHN Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name:CHN_EA Instrument Description: A CHN Elemental Analyzer is used for the determination of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen content in organic and other types of materials, including solids, liquids, volatile, and viscous samples. Amersham Biosciences, Multiphor Electrophoresis System Amersham Biosciences, Multiphor Electrophoresis System PI Supplied Instrument Name: Amersham Biosciences, Multiphor Electrophoresis System PI Supplied Instrument Description:In order to examine the specific binding ligands to five different radionuclides in the marine colloids and diatom culture-derived EPS, radiolabeled biopolymers (E1, E3, C9 and C11; suitable due to their high OC content and available sample amount) were subjected to Isoelectric Focusing (IEF) separation with a Gel Electrophoresis apparatus (Amersham Biosciences, Multiphor Electrophoresis System). Instrument Name: Electrophoresis Chamber Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: General term for an apparatus used in clinical and research laboratories to separate charged colloidal particles (or molecules) of varying size through a medium by applying an electric field.