http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/767048
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2019-05-08
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Dissolved Organic Nitrogen oxidation collected on cruise SAV 17-16 in the South Atlantic Bight aboard the R/V Savannah from 2011 to 2017
2019-05-08
publication
2019-05-08
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2019-06-21
publication
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.767048.1
James T. Hollibaugh
University of Georgia
principalInvestigator
Brian N. Popp
University of Hawai'i
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Hollibaugh, J., Popp, B. (2019) Dissolved Organic Nitrogen oxidation collected on cruise SAV 17-16 in the South Atlantic Bight aboard the R/V Savannah from 2011 to 2017. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2019-05-08 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.767048.1 [access date]
Data collected on cruise SAV 17-16 plus related ancillary samples from the same geographic area Dataset Description: <p>Samples were collected from four regions (inshore, midshelf,&nbsp;shelf-break, and oceanic) of the SAB off the Georgia&nbsp;(U.S.A.) coast (Fig. 1; Supporting Information Table S1), with&nbsp;terminology modified from Liu et al. (2018) as follows.&nbsp;<strong>“</strong>Inshore<strong>” </strong>stations were within the barrier island complex.&nbsp;<strong>“</strong>Mid-shelf<strong>” </strong>stations were outside the barrier island complex&nbsp;to depths &lt; 40 m; due to limited sampling in this zone, no&nbsp;demarcation between <strong>“</strong>mid-shelf<strong>” </strong>and <strong>“</strong>nearshore<strong>” </strong>stations&nbsp;(as in Liu et al. 2018) was made. <strong>“</strong>Shelf-break<strong>” </strong>stations were&nbsp;between 40 m and 500 m depth. While Liu et al. (2018) did&nbsp;not sample waters past the shelf-break, we included deeper&nbsp;stations further offshore (bottom depth &gt; 500 m), which are&nbsp;designated <strong>“</strong>oceanic<strong>” </strong>stations. Note that the maximum depth&nbsp;sampled was ≤ 500 m due to equipment limitations.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Inshore samples were collected from a dock at Marsh Landing&nbsp;on the Duplin River (Sapelo Island) and the dock at the&nbsp;Skidaway Institute of Oceanography (Fig. 1). Both inshore sites&nbsp;are salt marsh-dominated estuaries. Water from both sites was&nbsp;sampled from a depth ≤ 1 m and was processed immediately&nbsp;at a nearby laboratory (the University of Georgia Marine Institute&nbsp;on Sapelo Island or onboard the R/V Savannah). Water&nbsp;quality data for Marsh Landing samples were collected as part&nbsp;of the Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve monitoring&nbsp;program. Relevant data from the Lower Duplin (<strong>“</strong>LD<strong>”</strong>)&nbsp;sonde were downloaded from NOAA/CDMO (http://cdmo.&nbsp;baruch.sc.edu/aqs/, last accessed 22 May 2018).&nbsp;</p>
<p>Most SAB samples were collected in August 2017 on the&nbsp;R/V Savannah (cruise SAV-17-16) along transects across the&nbsp;continental shelf and the Gulf Stream and into the western&nbsp;Sargasso Sea, with sampling focused around the shelf-break&nbsp;(Fig. 1). Water from multiple depths was collected using&nbsp;12-liter Niskin bottles mounted on a rosette equipped with a&nbsp;Sea-Bird SBE25 CTD. Profiles of salinity, temperature, dissolved&nbsp;oxygen, fluorescence, and photosynthetically active&nbsp;radiation (PAR) were collected using the CTD system as&nbsp;described previously (Liu et al. 2018). PAR attenuation (K<sub>d</sub>) was&nbsp;calculated from plots of ln(PAR) vs. depth as in Liu et al. (2018).&nbsp; Two additional SAB stations were sampled in October 2011&nbsp;(described previously by Liu et al. 2015 and Tolar et al. 2017)&nbsp;and are referred to as <strong>“</strong>2011-4<strong>” </strong>and <strong>“</strong>2011-12<strong>” </strong>(Fig. 1). Environmental&nbsp;data and some of the microbial and rate data from 2011&nbsp;stations are available in other publications (Liu et al. 2015; Tolar&nbsp;et al. 2017; see BCO-DMO dataset qPCR_Parameters at https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/767141).&nbsp;</p> Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Nutrient analysis</strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Nutrient samples were filtered through 0.22 <strong>μ</strong>m pore size Durapore&nbsp;GVWP filters (Millipore Sigma) and frozen at <strong>−</strong>20<strong>_</strong>C immediately&nbsp;after collection, then stored at <strong>−</strong>80<strong>_</strong>C until analysis.&nbsp;Dissolved nitrate (NO3&nbsp;<strong>−</strong>), nitrite (NO2&nbsp;<strong>−</strong>), phosphate (PO4&nbsp;3<strong>−</strong>), and&nbsp;silicate (SiO4&nbsp;4<strong>−</strong>) were measured using a Bran and Luebbe AA3&nbsp;autoanalyzer as described previously (Wilkerson et al. 2015).&nbsp;Ammonium and urea were measured manually using the&nbsp;phenolhypochlorite method (Solórzano 1969) and the diacetylmonoxime&nbsp;method (Rahmatullah and Boyde 1980; Mulvenna&nbsp;and Savidge 1992), respectively.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Oxidation rate measurements&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p>We used 15N-labeled substrates (98<strong>–</strong>99% 15N, Cambridge&nbsp;Isotope Laboratories) to measure the oxidation of N supplied&nbsp;as NH4+, urea, 1,2-diaminoethane (DAE), 1,3-diaminopropane&nbsp;(DAP), 1,4-diaminobutane (putrescine, PUT), L-glutamic acid&nbsp;(GLU), and L-arginine (ARG). 15N oxidation from NH4+, urea,&nbsp;PUT, and GLU were measured extensively, whereas 15N oxidation&nbsp;from DAE, DAP, and ARG was only measured at a subset&nbsp;of stations (Supporting Information Table S1). GLU and ARG&nbsp;were included as a control for remineralization, as their central&nbsp;roles in microbial metabolism leads to rapid catabolism and&nbsp;NH4&nbsp;+ regeneration (Hollibaugh 1978; Goldman et al. 1987).&nbsp;PUT was used in routine assessments of the oxidation of&nbsp;polyamine-N because it is one of the most consistently detected&nbsp;polyamines in seawater (Nishibori et al. 2001a, 2003; Lu&nbsp;et al. 2014; Liu et al. 2015). Although spermine and spermidine&nbsp;are also common in seawater, 15N-labeled stocks of these polyamines&nbsp;were not commercially available. We measured the oxidation&nbsp;of N from DAE and DAP to investigate the effect of&nbsp;aliphatic chain length (which affects pK<sub>a</sub>) on oxidation rate.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Duplicate seawater samples contained in 1-liter polycarbonate&nbsp;or 250 mL high density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles&nbsp;wrapped with aluminum foil (to exclude light) were&nbsp;amended with 10<strong>–</strong>50 nM 15N-labeled substrate. Marsh&nbsp;Landing samples were then placed in an incubator held at&nbsp;in situ temperature in the dark. Samples taken at the Skidaway&nbsp;dock were placed in a mesh bag and immersed at the&nbsp;sea surface at the sampling site. Samples collected at sea&nbsp;were incubated in a tank of flowing surface seawater or in an&nbsp;incubator held at 18<strong> </strong>C in the dark. Incubation bottles were sampled&nbsp;for 15N analysis immediately after substrate addition and&nbsp;again after a period of ~ 24 h. 15N samples were subsampled into&nbsp;50 mL polypropylene centrifuge tubes, frozen at <strong>−</strong>20<strong>_</strong>C, and&nbsp;stored at <strong>−</strong>80<strong>_</strong>C until analysis. The 15N/14N ratios of the NO3&nbsp;<strong>−&nbsp;</strong>plus NO2&nbsp;<strong>− </strong>(NOX) pools (<strong>δ</strong>15NNOx) in the samples were measured&nbsp;using the bacterial denitrifier method to convert NOX to nitrous&nbsp;oxide (N2O; Sigman et al. 2001). The <strong>δ</strong>15N values of the N2O&nbsp;produced were measured using a Finnigan MAT-252 isotope&nbsp;ratio mass spectrometer coupled with a modified GasBench II interface (Casciotti et al. 2002; Beman et al. 2011; McIlvin&nbsp;and Casciotti 2011). Oxidation rates were calculated using an&nbsp;endpoint model (Beman et al. 2011; Damashek et al. 2016).&nbsp;Since the substrates used were uniformly labeled with 15N, the&nbsp;amount of the N added as the 15N spike (in <strong>μ</strong>M) was multiplied&nbsp;by the number of moles of 15N per mole of substrate, which&nbsp;assumes that all of the N atoms have equal probability of being&nbsp;oxidized. This is likely true for urea, DAE, DAP, and PUT, which&nbsp;are symmetrical molecules, but not likely to be true for ARG,&nbsp;which contains 4 N atoms (one in the <strong>α</strong>-amino position and&nbsp;three in the guanidine structure of its R-group). Abiotic oxidation&nbsp;of organic N was assessed by measuring 15NOX production&nbsp;following 15N amendment and incubation of 0.22 <strong>μ</strong>m filtered&nbsp;seawater (as described above), and potential metabolism of&nbsp;DON by the denitrifying bacteria used to convert NOX to N2O&nbsp;was checked by adding 15N-labeled substrates into the bacterial&nbsp;cultures prior to mass spectrometry.&nbsp;</p>
<p>We were unable to measure the in situ concentrations of&nbsp;the individual components of DON used in oxidation experiments,&nbsp;other than urea. Based on previous measurements&nbsp;made in the SAB (Lu et al. 2014; Liu et al. 2015), we assumed&nbsp;concentrations of 1 nM and 0.25 nM for DAE, DAP and PUT,&nbsp;and 10 nM and 5 nM for GLU and ARG, at inshore and&nbsp;mid-shelf/shelf-break/oceanic stations, respectively. Rates of&nbsp;polyamine and amino acid oxidation reported below should&nbsp;therefore be considered potential rates, as amendments as low&nbsp;as 10<strong>–</strong>50 nM are likely to increase substrate concentrations&nbsp;substantially above in situ. Initial substrate 15N activity was&nbsp;calculated using isotope mass balance using the known concentration&nbsp;and 15N activity of the labeled substrates added&nbsp;and assuming the concentrations described above and natural&nbsp;abundance 15N activity (i.e., 0.3663 atom% 15N).&nbsp;</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1537995 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1537995
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1538677 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1538677
completed
James T. Hollibaugh
University of Georgia
706-542-7671
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia
Athens
GA
30602
USA
aquadoc@uga.edu
pointOfContact
Brian N. Popp
University of Hawai'i
808-956-6206
Department of Earth Sciences 1680 East-West Road
Honolulu
HI
96822
USA
popp@hawaii.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Cruise_ID
Sta
Region
depth
lon
lat
Latitude
Longitude
Date
ISO_Date
Bacterial_16S_rRNA
Thaumarchaeal_16S_rRNA
WCA_amoA
WCB_amoA
Nitrospina_16S_rRNA
N15_added
Ammonia_Oxidation
Ammonia_Oxidation_sd
N15_ox_from_PUT
N15_ox_from_PUT_sd
N15_ox_from_GLU
N15_ox_from_GLU_sd
N15_ox_from_UREA
N15_ox_from_UREA_sd
N15_ox_from_DAE
N15_ox_from_DAE_sd
N15_ox_from_DAP
N15_ox_from_DAP_sd
N15_ox_from_ARG
N15_ox_from_ARG_sd
Nitrate
Nitrite
Ammonium
Urea
Silicate
Phosphate
Temperature
Salinity
Diss_Oxygen
Relative_Fluor
Atten_Coeff
comment
Bran and Luebbe AA3 autoanalyzer
Finnigan MAT-252 isotope ratio mass spectrometer
C1000 Touch Thermal Cycler
Sea-Bird SBE25 CTD
theme
None, User defined
Cruise identfier
station
No BCO-DMO term
depth
longitude
latitude
date
Nitrate
Nitrite
Ammonium
Urea
Silicate, Si(OH)4, silicic acid
water temperature at measurement depth
salinity
dissolved Oxygen
fluorescence
beam attenuation
comments
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Bran Luebbe AA3 AutoAnalyzer
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
qPCR Thermal Cycler
Sea-Bird SBE 25 Sealogger CTD
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
SAV-17-16
service
Deployment Activity
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Collaborative Research: Direct Oxidation of Organic Nitrogen by Marine Ammonia Oxidizing Organisms
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/757587
Collaborative Research: Direct Oxidation of Organic Nitrogen by Marine Ammonia Oxidizing Organisms
<p>NSF Abstract:</p>
<p>Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for phytoplankton that often limits primary production in the ocean, and its availability therefore plays a key role in global ocean productivity. The amounts and form in which nitrogen exist are controlled by microorganisms. One microorganism-mediated process is known as nitrification, which oxidizes ammonia or ammonium to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate, nitrate being the bioavailable form of nitrogen. While this is the well-accepted process of nitrification, preliminary results strongly suggest that a nitrogen-containing compound know as polyamine nitrogen may be directly converted by some microorganisms to nitrate. However, the importance of this process for global biogeochemical nitrogen cycling is unknown. The goal of this study is to evaluate the biogeochemical significance of direct oxidation of polyamine nitrogen, as a model organic nitrogen compound, to nitrification compared to canonical nitrification of ammonia. The project will result in training a postdoctoral researcher and provide opportunities for undergraduates to gain hands-on experience with research on microbial geochemistry and coastal ecosystem processes. Project personnel will also work with the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long-Term Ecological Research program to engage a K-12 science teacher in the project.</p>
<p>Ammonia oxidation is a key step in the process of converting fixed nitrogen to dinitrogen gas and thus is central to the global nitrogen cycle and to removing excess fixed nitrogen from coastal waters with high concentrations of nutrients. Recent research has shown that Thaumarchaeota play a major role in ammonia oxidation in the ocean. Experiments with enrichment cultures and coastal water samples where ammonia oxidizing archaea are the dominant ammonia oxidizers, show that some forms of organic nitrogen may be oxidized directly to nitrogen oxides without first being regenerated as ammonium. Of the substrates tested, polyamine and particularly putrescine nitrogen appear to be oxidized directly to nitrogen oxides, while amino acid and urea nitrogen is first regenerated as ammonium and then oxidized. The investigators will examine this process in detail over three years using enrichment cultures and experiments conducted with coastal bacterioplankton. Specifically, they will aim to better understand 1) the consequences of this novel process to ocean geochemistry, 2) the fate of the carbon present in polyamines, 3) what organisms are responsible for the direct oxidation, and 4) the chemical characteristics of the organic nitrogen compounds accessible to direct oxidation.</p>
DON Oxidation
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
-81.356
-78.765
30.3175
31.99
2011-10-04
2017-08-19
Coastal waters and the South Atlantic Bight continental shelf from Savannah GA out to the shelf break (SAV 17-16, UNOLS STR _104733, Marsden Grid 117, Navy Ops NA06), coastal waters around Sapelo Island, Georgia USA
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Dissolved Organic Nitrogen oxidation collected on cruise SAV 17-16 in the South Atlantic Bight aboard the R/V Savannah from 2011 to 2017
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767093.rdf
Name: Cruise_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>R2R catalog identifier for this cruise</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767094.rdf
Name: Sta
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Station Identifier. Marsh Landing is on the Duplin River a tidal channel adjacent to Sapelo Island GA.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767095.rdf
Name: Region
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Arbitratry assignment of stations to zones in the study area identified by location and water properties: I = Inshore; M = midshelf; S = Shelf-break; O = Oceanic</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767096.rdf
Name: depth
Units: meters
Description: <p>Depth sampled in meters</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767097.rdf
Name: lon
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>degrees longitude with positive values eastward</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767098.rdf
Name: lat
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>degrees latitude with positive values northward</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767099.rdf
Name: Latitude
Units: degrees and decimal minutes N
Description: <p>Latitude in degrees and decimal minutes N</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767100.rdf
Name: Longitude
Units: degrees and decimal minutes W
Description: <p>Longitude in degrees and decimal minutes W</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767101.rdf
Name: Date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Sampling date: MM/DD/YYYY</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767102.rdf
Name: ISO_Date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date following the ISO convention of YYYY-MM-DD</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767103.rdf
Name: Bacterial_16S_rRNA
Units: copies per liter filtered
Description: <p>Concentration of genes for Bacteria 16S rRNA determined by qPCR (see qPCR parameter table) in units of copies L-1; Blank Cells = no data; either not sampled or the sample was lost; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. See qPCR parameter table. qPCR data are from single biological replicates; means of triplicate qPCR reactions. Limit of detection is given as copies per mL of template DNA; the limit thus varies by sample depending on volume filtered; extract volume and template volume per per reaction. The limits given are from this sample set assuming the minimum detectable concentration in the template used and 1 uL of template per reaction. They are thus conservative as some reactions were run with 10 uL of template.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767104.rdf
Name: Thaumarchaeal_16S_rRNA
Units: copies per liter filtered
Description: <p>Concentration of genes for Marine Group 1 Archaea (Thaumarchaeota) 16S rRNA determined by qPCR (see qPCR parameter table) in units of copies L-1 Blank Cells = no data either not sampled or the sample was lost; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. See qPCR parameter table. qPCR data are from single biological replicates; means of triplicate qPCR reactions. Limit of detection is given as copies per mL of template DNA; the limit thus varies by sample depending on volume filtered extract volume and template volume per per reaction. The limits given are from this sample set assuming the minimum detectable concentration in the template used and 1 uL of template per reaction. They are thus conservative as some reactions were run with 10 uL of template.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767105.rdf
Name: WCA_amoA
Units: copies per liter filtered
Description: <p>Concentration of genes for Archaeal ammonia monooxygenase subunit A from the Water Column A clade; determined by qPCR (see qPCR parameter table) in units of copies L-1; Blank Cells = no data; either not sampled or the sample was lost; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. See qPCR parameter table. qPCR data are from single biological replicates; means of triplicate qPCR reactions. Limit of detection is given as copies per mL of template DNA; the limit thus varies by sample depending on volume filtered; extract volume and template volume per per reaction. The limits given are from this sample set assuming the minimum detectable concentration in the template used and 1 uL of template per reaction. They are thus conservative as some reactions were run with 10 uL of template.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767106.rdf
Name: WCB_amoA
Units: copies per liter filtered
Description: <p>Concentration of genes for Archaeal ammonia monooxygenase subunit A from the Water Column A clade; determined by qPCR (see qPCR parameter table) in units of copies L-1; "Blank Cells = no data either not sampled or the sample was lost; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. See qPCR parameter table. qPCR data are from single biological replicates means of triplicate qPCR reactions. Limit of detection is given as copies per mL of template DNA; the limit thus varies by sample depending on volume filtered extract volume and template volume per per reaction. The limits given are from this sample set assuming the minimum detectable concentration in the template used and 1 uL of template per reaction. They are thus conservative as some reactions were run with 10 uL of template.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767107.rdf
Name: Nitrospina_16S_rRNA
Units: copies per liter filtered
Description: <p>Concentration of genes for Nitrospina 16S rRNA determined by qPCR (see qPCR parameter table) in units of copies L-1; Blank Cells = no data; either not sampled or the sample was lost; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. See qPCR parameter table. qPCR data are from single biological replicates; means of triplicate qPCR reactions. Limit of detection is given as copies per mL of template DNA; the limit thus varies by sample depending on volume filtered; extract volume and template volume per per reaction. The limits given are from this sample set assuming the minimum detectable concentration in the template used and 1 uL of template per reaction. They are thus conservative as some reactions were run with 10 uL of template.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767108.rdf
Name: N15_added
Units: nanomoles per liter
Description: <p>Final concentration of uniformly 15N labeled test substrates</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767109.rdf
Name: Ammonia_Oxidation
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Ammonia oxidation rate determined from conversion of 15N-labeled ammonium to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation; our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767110.rdf
Name: Ammonia_Oxidation_sd
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Deviation of ammonia oxidation rate determined from conversion of 15N-labeled ammonium to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation; our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767111.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_PUT
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Oxidation rate of 15N from putrescine (1;4 diamino butane) determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767112.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_PUT_sd
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Deviation of oxidation rate of 15N from putrescine (1;4 diamino butane) determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767113.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_GLU
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Oxidation rate of 15N from L-glutamate determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation; our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767114.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_GLU_sd
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>deviation of oxidation rate of 15N from L-glutamate determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation; our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767115.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_UREA
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Oxidation rate of 15N from urea determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation; our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767116.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_UREA_sd
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Deviation of oxidation rate of 15N from urea determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation; our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767117.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_DAE
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Oxidation rate of 15N from 1;2 diamino ethane determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation; our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767118.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_DAE_sd
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Deviation of oxidation rate of 15N from 1;2 diamino ethane determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation; our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767119.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_DAP
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Oxidation rate of 15N from 1;3 diamino propane determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation; our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767120.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_DAP_sd
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Deviation of oxidation rate of 15N from 1;3 diamino propane determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation; our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767121.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_ARG
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Oxidation rate of 15N from L-arginine determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767122.rdf
Name: N15_ox_from_ARG_sd
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Deviation of oxidation rate of 15N from L-arginine determined from conversion of the 15N label to 15N-labeled nitrite plus nitrate; BLD = Below Limit of Detection. 15N data are mean ± S.E.M. of duplicate biological replicates (see Damashek et al. 2018 for details) . Based on a propagation of error calculation our conservative estimate of the precision of 15N measurements ±4‰ for samples at natural abundance and ±5.2‰ for samples artificially enriched with carrier 15N. Our limit of detection was similar to that reported by Santoro et al. (2013) and Beman et al. (2011).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767123.rdf
Name: Nitrate
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Concentration of nitrate determined by cadmium reduction to nitrite followed by subtraction nitrite already present in the sample; Samples run on an autoanalyzer by Francis Wilkerson's lab at San Francisco State University</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767124.rdf
Name: Nitrite
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Concentration of nitrite determined by autoanalyzer; Samples run on an autoanalyzer by Francis Wilkerson's lab at San Francisco State University</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767125.rdf
Name: Ammonium
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Concentration of ammonium determined by autoanalyzer; Samples run on an autoanalyzer by Francis Wilkerson's lab at San Francisco State University</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767126.rdf
Name: Urea
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Concentration of urea determined by the carboxythiazole method; Samples run in Hollibaugh lab at UGA</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767127.rdf
Name: Silicate
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Concentration of silicate determined by autoanalyzer; Samples run on an autoanalyzer by Francis Wilkerson's lab at San Francisco State University</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767128.rdf
Name: Phosphate
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Concentration of phosphate determined by autoanalyzer; Samples run on an autoanalyzer by Francis Wilkerson's lab at San Francisco State University</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767129.rdf
Name: Temperature
Units: degrees centigrade
Description: <p>Water temperature in centigrade degrees at the depth sampled measured by the environmental sensing package on the samplling rosette</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767130.rdf
Name: Salinity
Units: PSU
Description: <p>Salinity at the depth sampled derived from temperature and conductivity measured by the environmental sensing package on the samplling rosette</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767131.rdf
Name: Diss_Oxygen
Units: milliliters per liter
Description: <p>Dissolved oxygen concentration at the depth sampled measured by the environmental sensing package on the samplling rosette</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767132.rdf
Name: Relative_Fluor
Units: relative fluorescence
Description: <p>Relative Fluorescence measured by the fluorometer on the Niskin rosette sampler converted to mg Chl a L-1 using a regression equation based on extracted chlorophyll data: Chl a = 1.7869RF - 2.2541; R² = 0.83</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767133.rdf
Name: Atten_Coeff
Units: per meter
Description: <p>PAR attenuation coefficient kz in m-1 calculated as the slope of log(PAR) vs depth</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/767200.rdf
Name: comment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>identifier for the comment. comment value a signifies Environmental data, bacterial 16S, thaumarchaeal 16S, AOB amoA, ammonia oxidation, and urea oxidation data were reported previously in Liu et al. (2015) or Tolar et al. (2017);</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
9006
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/24284/1/dataset-767048_donoxidation__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.767048.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Nutrient analysis</strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Nutrient samples were filtered through 0.22 <strong>μ</strong>m pore size Durapore&nbsp;GVWP filters (Millipore Sigma) and frozen at <strong>−</strong>20<strong>_</strong>C immediately&nbsp;after collection, then stored at <strong>−</strong>80<strong>_</strong>C until analysis.&nbsp;Dissolved nitrate (NO3&nbsp;<strong>−</strong>), nitrite (NO2&nbsp;<strong>−</strong>), phosphate (PO4&nbsp;3<strong>−</strong>), and&nbsp;silicate (SiO4&nbsp;4<strong>−</strong>) were measured using a Bran and Luebbe AA3&nbsp;autoanalyzer as described previously (Wilkerson et al. 2015).&nbsp;Ammonium and urea were measured manually using the&nbsp;phenolhypochlorite method (Solórzano 1969) and the diacetylmonoxime&nbsp;method (Rahmatullah and Boyde 1980; Mulvenna&nbsp;and Savidge 1992), respectively.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Oxidation rate measurements&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p>We used 15N-labeled substrates (98<strong>–</strong>99% 15N, Cambridge&nbsp;Isotope Laboratories) to measure the oxidation of N supplied&nbsp;as NH4+, urea, 1,2-diaminoethane (DAE), 1,3-diaminopropane&nbsp;(DAP), 1,4-diaminobutane (putrescine, PUT), L-glutamic acid&nbsp;(GLU), and L-arginine (ARG). 15N oxidation from NH4+, urea,&nbsp;PUT, and GLU were measured extensively, whereas 15N oxidation&nbsp;from DAE, DAP, and ARG was only measured at a subset&nbsp;of stations (Supporting Information Table S1). GLU and ARG&nbsp;were included as a control for remineralization, as their central&nbsp;roles in microbial metabolism leads to rapid catabolism and&nbsp;NH4&nbsp;+ regeneration (Hollibaugh 1978; Goldman et al. 1987).&nbsp;PUT was used in routine assessments of the oxidation of&nbsp;polyamine-N because it is one of the most consistently detected&nbsp;polyamines in seawater (Nishibori et al. 2001a, 2003; Lu&nbsp;et al. 2014; Liu et al. 2015). Although spermine and spermidine&nbsp;are also common in seawater, 15N-labeled stocks of these polyamines&nbsp;were not commercially available. We measured the oxidation&nbsp;of N from DAE and DAP to investigate the effect of&nbsp;aliphatic chain length (which affects pK<sub>a</sub>) on oxidation rate.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Duplicate seawater samples contained in 1-liter polycarbonate&nbsp;or 250 mL high density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles&nbsp;wrapped with aluminum foil (to exclude light) were&nbsp;amended with 10<strong>–</strong>50 nM 15N-labeled substrate. Marsh&nbsp;Landing samples were then placed in an incubator held at&nbsp;in situ temperature in the dark. Samples taken at the Skidaway&nbsp;dock were placed in a mesh bag and immersed at the&nbsp;sea surface at the sampling site. Samples collected at sea&nbsp;were incubated in a tank of flowing surface seawater or in an&nbsp;incubator held at 18<strong> </strong>C in the dark. Incubation bottles were sampled&nbsp;for 15N analysis immediately after substrate addition and&nbsp;again after a period of ~ 24 h. 15N samples were subsampled into&nbsp;50 mL polypropylene centrifuge tubes, frozen at <strong>−</strong>20<strong>_</strong>C, and&nbsp;stored at <strong>−</strong>80<strong>_</strong>C until analysis. The 15N/14N ratios of the NO3&nbsp;<strong>−&nbsp;</strong>plus NO2&nbsp;<strong>− </strong>(NOX) pools (<strong>δ</strong>15NNOx) in the samples were measured&nbsp;using the bacterial denitrifier method to convert NOX to nitrous&nbsp;oxide (N2O; Sigman et al. 2001). The <strong>δ</strong>15N values of the N2O&nbsp;produced were measured using a Finnigan MAT-252 isotope&nbsp;ratio mass spectrometer coupled with a modified GasBench II interface (Casciotti et al. 2002; Beman et al. 2011; McIlvin&nbsp;and Casciotti 2011). Oxidation rates were calculated using an&nbsp;endpoint model (Beman et al. 2011; Damashek et al. 2016).&nbsp;Since the substrates used were uniformly labeled with 15N, the&nbsp;amount of the N added as the 15N spike (in <strong>μ</strong>M) was multiplied&nbsp;by the number of moles of 15N per mole of substrate, which&nbsp;assumes that all of the N atoms have equal probability of being&nbsp;oxidized. This is likely true for urea, DAE, DAP, and PUT, which&nbsp;are symmetrical molecules, but not likely to be true for ARG,&nbsp;which contains 4 N atoms (one in the <strong>α</strong>-amino position and&nbsp;three in the guanidine structure of its R-group). Abiotic oxidation&nbsp;of organic N was assessed by measuring 15NOX production&nbsp;following 15N amendment and incubation of 0.22 <strong>μ</strong>m filtered&nbsp;seawater (as described above), and potential metabolism of&nbsp;DON by the denitrifying bacteria used to convert NOX to N2O&nbsp;was checked by adding 15N-labeled substrates into the bacterial&nbsp;cultures prior to mass spectrometry.&nbsp;</p>
<p>We were unable to measure the in situ concentrations of&nbsp;the individual components of DON used in oxidation experiments,&nbsp;other than urea. Based on previous measurements&nbsp;made in the SAB (Lu et al. 2014; Liu et al. 2015), we assumed&nbsp;concentrations of 1 nM and 0.25 nM for DAE, DAP and PUT,&nbsp;and 10 nM and 5 nM for GLU and ARG, at inshore and&nbsp;mid-shelf/shelf-break/oceanic stations, respectively. Rates of&nbsp;polyamine and amino acid oxidation reported below should&nbsp;therefore be considered potential rates, as amendments as low&nbsp;as 10<strong>–</strong>50 nM are likely to increase substrate concentrations&nbsp;substantially above in situ. Initial substrate 15N activity was&nbsp;calculated using isotope mass balance using the known concentration&nbsp;and 15N activity of the labeled substrates added&nbsp;and assuming the concentrations described above and natural&nbsp;abundance 15N activity (i.e., 0.3663 atom% 15N).&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>BCO-DMO Processing Notes:<br />
-&nbsp;added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date<br />
-&nbsp;modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions<br />
- converted latitude and longitude values from degrees minutes seconds to degrees and appended a new column (lat, lon).<br />
- converted Date column to ISO convention and appended ISO_Date column for those values.<br />
- replaced "x 10" with "e" to signify power of 10.<br />
- split columns containing "±" into two columns, one for value and one for&nbsp;± value. Appended "_sd" to the&nbsp;± value column.<br />
- converted "nan" and blank cells to "nd".</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Bran and Luebbe AA3 autoanalyzer
Bran and Luebbe AA3 autoanalyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Bran and Luebbe AA3 autoanalyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Dissolved nitrate (NO3 −), nitrite (NO2 −), phosphate (PO4 3−), and silicate (SiO4 4−) were measured using a Bran and Luebbe AA3 autoanalyzer as described previously (Wilkerson et al. 2015). Instrument Name: Bran Luebbe AA3 AutoAnalyzer Instrument Short Name:Bran Luebbe AA3 AutoAnalyzer Instrument Description: Bran Luebbe AA3 AutoAnalyzer
See the description from the manufacturer. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB04/
Finnigan MAT-252 isotope ratio mass spectrometer
Finnigan MAT-252 isotope ratio mass spectrometer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Finnigan MAT-252 isotope ratio mass spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:The δ15N values of the N2O produced were measured using a Finnigan MAT-252 isotope ratio mass spectrometer coupled with a modified GasBench II interface Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
C1000 Touch Thermal Cycler
C1000 Touch Thermal Cycler
PI Supplied Instrument Name: C1000 Touch Thermal Cycler PI Supplied Instrument Description:All reactions (25 μL total volume) were run in triplicate on a C1000 Touch Thermal Cycler equipped with a CFX96 Real-Time System (Bio- Rad), using either the iTaq Universal Green SYBR Mix (Bio-Rad) or the Platinum qPCR SuperMix-UDG (Thermo Fisher). Instrument Name: qPCR Thermal Cycler Instrument Short Name:qPCR Instrument Description: An instrument for quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), also known as real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time PCR).
Sea-Bird SBE25 CTD
Sea-Bird SBE25 CTD
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Sea-Bird SBE25 CTD PI Supplied Instrument Description:Water from multiple depths was collected using 12-liter Niskin bottles mounted on a rosette equipped with a Sea-Bird SBE25 CTD. Profiles of salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) were collected using the CTD system as described previously (Liu et al. 2018). Instrument Name: Sea-Bird SBE 25 Sealogger CTD Instrument Short Name:CTD SBE 25 Instrument Description: The Sea-Bird SBE 25 SEALOGGER CTD is battery powered and is typically used to record data in memory, eliminating the need for a large vessel, electrical sea cable, and on-board computer. All SBE 25s can also operate in real-time, transmitting data via an opto-isolated RS-232 serial port. Temperature and conductivity are measured by the SBE 3F Temperature sensor and SBE 4 Conductivity sensor (same as those used on the premium SBE 9plus CTD). The SBE 25 also includes the SBE 5P (plastic) or 5T (titanium) Submersible Pump and TC Duct. The pump-controlled, TC-ducted flow configuration significantly reduces salinity spiking caused by ship heave, and in calm waters allows slower descent rates for improved resolution of water column features. Pressure is measured by the modular SBE 29 Temperature Compensated Strain-Gauge Pressure sensor (available in eight depth ranges to suit the operating depth requirement). The SBE 25's modular design makes it easy to configure in the field for a wide range of auxiliary sensors, including optional dissolved oxygen (SBE 43), pH (SBE 18 or SBE 27), fluorescence, transmissivity, PAR, and optical backscatter sensors. More information from Sea-Bird Electronics: http:www.seabird.com. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0040/
Cruise: SAV-17-16
SAV-17-16
R/V Savannah
Community Standard Description
R/V Savannah
vessel
SAV-17-16
James T. Hollibaugh
University of Georgia
R/V Savannah
Community Standard Description
R/V Savannah
vessel