Table of Contents

• Coverage
• Dataset Description
  • Methods & Sampling
  • Data Processing Description
• Data Files
• Supplemental Files
• Related Publications
• Parameters
• Instruments
• Deployments
• Project Information
• Funding

Phytoplankton diagnostic pigments from HPLC from samples collected on R/V Endeavor cruise EN614 in the tropical North Atlantic during May 2018. Note: these data are also available through NASA's SeaBASS repository at https://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/COLUMBIA_U/subramaniam/LAMONT_ATL/may18atl/archive

The samples were collected using a CTD rosette and an appropriate volume of water was filtered through a 25mm GF/F filter soon after collection. The filters were then stored in liquid nitrogen until analyzed. The analysis and duplicate filter precision details as well as calibration details are provided in may18atl_HPLC_readme.pdf. The samples were run at NASA GSFC by Crystal Thomas.

The diagnostic pigments were measured using High-performance liquid chromatography as detailed in Van Heukelem and Thomas (2001) and Hooker et al (2005).

The HPLC used for pigment analysis is an Agilent RR1200 with a programmable autoinjector (900 ul syringe head), refrigerated autosampler, degasser, and photo-diode array detector with deuterium and tungsten lamps. The HPLC is controlled by Agilent Chemstation software. The 4.6 x 150 mm HPLC Eclipse XDB column (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA) is filled with a C8 stationary phase (3.5 um stationary phase); the mobile phase consists of a linear gradient from 5-95% solvent B over the 27 minutes, for which solvent A is 70 parts methanol, 30 parts 28 mM tetrabutylammononium acetate (pH 6.5) and solvent B is methanol. The column temperature is 60 C and the photo diode array detector is set to plot chromatograms at 450, 665, and 222 nm to acquire visible absorbance spectra between 350 and 750 nm.

Data notes: 
missing = -9999
below detection limit = -8888
above detection limit = -7777

BCO-DMO Processing:
- replaced hyphens with underscores in parameter names;
- lat and lon labels were backwards in original file; switched them around (determined by looking at boudning box of EN614 cruise)
- created ISO_DateTime_UTC field from original date/time columns

NSF Award Abstract:
This is a focused program of field research in waters of the Western Tropical North Atlantic influenced by the Amazon River Plume during the high river flow season. The Amazon Plume region supports diverse plankton communities in a dynamic system driven by nutrients supplied by transport from the river proper as well as nutrients entrained from offshore waters by physical mixing and upwelling. This creates strong interactions among physical, chemical, and biological processes across a range of spatial and temporal scales. The field program will link direct measurements of environmental properties with focused experimental studies of nutrient supply and nutrient limitation of phytoplankton, as well as the transfer of phytoplankton nitrogen to the zooplankton food web. The Amazon Plume exhibits a close juxtaposition of distinct communities during the high-flow season, making it an ideal site for evaluating how nutrient availability, nutrient supply, and habitat longevity interact to drive offshore ecosystem dynamics and function. This project will include German collaborators and will seamlessly integrate education and research efforts. The investigators and their institutions have a strong commitment to undergraduate and graduate education and to increasing the diversity of the ocean science community through active recruiting and training efforts. The team has a strong track record of involving both undergraduate and graduate students in their field and lab research. The two research cruises planned will provide opportunities for students and technicians to interact with an interdisciplinary and international research team.

The ultimate objectives of this project are to understand the processes and interactions that promote distinct communities of nitrogen-fixing organisms (diazotrophs) and other phytoplankton around the Amazon Plume and to explore the impacts of these diazotroph-rich communities on zooplankton biomass and production. The research team includes scientists with expertise in nutrient and stable isotope biogeochemistry, remote sensing as well as specialists in characterizing water mass origin and history using naturally occurring radium isotopes. This combination of approaches will provide a unique opportunity to address fundamental questions related to plankton community structure, primary production, and links to secondary production in pelagic ecosystems. The project will address the following key questions focused on fundamental issues in plankton ecology resulting from previous research in this region:

A. What mechanisms promote the preferential delivery of bioavailable phosphorus and the resulting strong nitrogen limitation associated with the northern reaches of the Amazon Plume during the high flow season?

B. What factors lead to the clear niche separation between diazotrophs within and around the Amazon Plume and how are the distinct diazotroph communities influenced by hydrographic and biogeochemical controls associated with the Amazon River Plume and offshore upwelling processes?

C. How does the nitrogen fixed by the different types of diazotrophs contribute to secondary production, and how efficiently does diazotroph nitrogen move through the food web?