19:I[42426,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1xctgzqre-wsy.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_-wz6pdtp2b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/30e52g49hg40p.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/02yq6tul2z-oh.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/10bx_ec2vj7n_.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/33bfn03fo8xnt.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/0tfjf78scu61b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/31xnvej4n1bi9.js"],"default"] 1a:T776,

Intracellular elemental quotas under low and high temperatures for E. huxleyi in constant and fluctuating thermal environments. This dataset includes the growth rates under low and high temperatures for E. huxleyi in constant and fluctuating thermal environments. Global warming will be combined with predicted increases in thermal variability in the future surface ocean, but how temperature dynamics will affect phytoplankton biology and biogeochemistry is largely unknown. Here, we examine the responses of the globally important marine coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi to thermal variations at two frequencies (1 d and 2 d) at low (18.5 °C) and high (25.5 °C) mean temperatures. Elevated temperature and thermal variation decreased growth, calcification and physiological rates, both individually and interactively. The 1 d thermal variation frequencies were less inhibitory than 2 d variations under high temperatures, indicating that high-frequency thermal fluctuations may reduce heat-induced mortality and mitigate some impacts of extreme high-temperature events. Cellular elemental composition and calcification was significantly affected by both thermal variation treatments relative to each other and to the constant temperature controls. The negative effects of thermal variation on E. huxleyi growth rate and physiology are especially pronounced at high temperatures. These responses of the key marine calcifier E. huxleyi to warmer, more variable temperature regimes have potentially large implications for ocean productivity and marine biogeochemical cycles under a future changing climate.

These data are published in Wang, X., Fu, F., Qu, P., Kling, J. D., Jiang, H., Gao, Y., & Hutchins, D. A. (2019). How will the key marine calcifier Emiliania huxleyi respond to a warmer and more thermally variable ocean?. Biogeosciences, 16(22), 4393-4409. doi:10.5194/bg-2019-179.

1b:T648,Intracellular elemental quotas under low and high temperatures for E. huxleyi in constant and fluctuating thermal environments. This dataset includes the growth rates under low and high temperatures for E. huxleyi in constant and fluctuating thermal environments. Global warming will be combined with predicted increases in thermal variability in the future surface ocean, but how temperature dynamics will affect phytoplankton biology and biogeochemistry is largely unknown. Here, we examine the responses of the globally important marine coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi to thermal variations at two frequencies (1 d and 2 d) at low (18.5 °C) and high (25.5 °C) mean temperatures. Elevated temperature and thermal variation decreased growth, calcification and physiological rates, both individually and interactively. The 1 d thermal variation frequencies were less inhibitory than 2 d variations under high temperatures, indicating that high-frequency thermal fluctuations may reduce heat-induced mortality and mitigate some impacts of extreme high-temperature events. Cellular elemental composition and calcification was significantly affected by both thermal variation treatments relative to each other and to the constant temperature controls. The negative effects of thermal variation on E. huxleyi growth rate and physiology are especially pronounced at high temperatures. These responses of the key marine calcifier E. huxleyi to warmer, more variable temperature regimes have potentially large implications for ocean productivity and marine biogeochemical cycles under a future changing climate.1c:Tadf,NSF Award Abstract: Microscopic plants called phytoplankton are key members of global oceanic ecosystems, since their photosynthesis supports the majority of the marine food chain and produces about as much oxygen as land plants. Because of this, oceanographers have often carried out experiments examining how factors such as temperature and carbon dioxide levels may affect phytoplankton growth. Most previous experiments have used constant levels of temperature and carbon dioxide, but it is clear from looking at measurements from real ocean ecosystems that these two factors often vary greatly over timescales of days to weeks. Using field and laboratory experiments along with computer modeling, this project will test how the growth of several major groups of phytoplankton differs under constant conditions of temperature and carbon dioxide, compared to conditions in which these factors fluctuate in intensity and frequency. This research will give marine scientists a better picture of how phytoplankton may respond to a varying natural environment today and in the future, and therefore help us to understand how ocean food webs function to support critical living resources such as fisheries. The project will train graduate and undergraduate students and a postdoctoral researcher, and the lead scientists will be involved in an ocean science education program for largely minority high school students from a downtown Los Angeles school district. The goal of this project is to use laboratory culture and natural community experiments to understand how realistically fluctuating temperature and pCO2 conditions may affect globally important phytoplankton groups in ways that differ from the artificial constant exposures used in previous work. Culture experiments will test how the intensity and frequency of short-term thermal and carbonate fluctuations affects the growth responses of diazotrophic and picoplanktonic cyanobacteria, coccolithophores, and diatoms under both current and projected future environmental conditions. These lab results will be supported and extended by parallel experiments using mixed natural assemblages from the California upwelling regime, allowing us to test these same questions using phytoplankton communities that experience large seasonal shifts between highly dynamic thermal and carbonate system conditions during the spring upwelling season, and relatively much more static conditions during fall stratification events. These results will be synthesized using a new generation of numerical models that employ novel approaches to incorporating realistic environmental variations to allow more accurate predictions of phytoplankton responses to a dynamic environment in today's marine ecosystems, and in the future changing ocean.6:["$","$L19",null,{"dataset":{"_id":"782901","description":"$1a","problem":"","acquisition":"

Chlorophyll a, total particulate carbon (TPC), particulate organic carbon (POC), particulate organic nitrogen (PON), and particulate organic carbon (POP) were filtered onto GF/F filters and analyzed following the methodology used in Fu et al., 2007. Particulate inorganic carbon was defined as the difference between TPC and POC after POC filters had been subjected to concentrated HCl fumes for 24 hours to remove all inorganic carbon. Calcification, photosynthesis, and carbon fixation rates were all measured following the procedures outlined in Feng et al., 2008.

All data was processed using either R (v 3.4.4) or Microsoft Excel 2016.

\n","processing":"

BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
\n- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
\n- combined two Excel sheet (low and high temp tables)
\n- changed parameter names by removing spaces and units
\n- reduced precision from 14 to 4 decimal places for all values

\n","bcodmoProcessing":"","title":"Intracellular elemental quotas under low and high temperatures for E. huxleyi in constant and fluctuating thermal environments","nickname":"Ehux physiology under thermal variation","dataUrl":"","currentState":"Final no updates expected","currentStateId":"7","validated":true,"restricted":false,"version":"1","version_date":"2019-11-26T05:00:00.000Z","abstract":"$1b","citation":"Hutchins, D. (2020) Intracellular elemental quotas under low and high temperatures for E. huxleyi in constant and fluctuating thermal environments. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2019-11-26 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.782901.1 [access date]","citationParts":{"identifier":"doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.782901.1","versionDate":"2019-11-26","versionId":"1","year":"2020","title":"Intracellular elemental quotas under low and high temperatures for E. huxleyi in constant and fluctuating thermal environments","authors":"Hutchins, D.","publisher":"Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)."},"doi":"10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.782901.1","release_date":null,"field_dataset_location":"","temporal_extent":{"start":"2017-01-01T05:00:00.000Z","end":"2017-10-31T04:00:00.000Z"},"temporal":{"resolution":"time:unitMonth","type":"time:Interval","start":{"value":"1483246800","label":"2017-01"},"end":{"value":"1509422400","label":"2017-10"}},"spatial_extent":{"shape":"","center":{"latitude":0,"longitude":0},"wkt":"","north":0,"east":0,"south":0,"west":0},"dataset_type":["experimental"],"keywords":["biota","oceans"],"data_files":[{"id":"902740","title":"Ehux_therm_var_physiology.csv","url":"https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/dataset/782901/file/vmmwymrFLZJW80/Ehux_therm_var_physiology.csv","showTableUrl":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/782901/data/view/902740","description":"Primary data file for dataset ID 782901","filename":"Ehux_therm_var_physiology.csv","bytesize":5637,"checksum":{"value":"8d48181851610124f4f9f51f793817c1","Algorithm":{"_id":"190","name":"MD5"}},"mimetype":"text/csv","fileType":{"_id":"192","name":"Comma Separated Values (.csv)"},"isErddap":"bcodmo_dataset_782901","date":"","isPublicDuringEmbargo":false,"primaryDataFile":true,"showTable":true,"restricted":false}],"supplemental_files":[],"roles":[{"role":{"_id":"138","name":"Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"51048","name":"David A. Hutchins"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"306","name":"University of Southern California"}},{"role":{"_id":"145","name":"BCO-DMO Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"50396","name":"Nancy Copley"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"191","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}}],"deployments":[],"funding":[{"_id":"668546","name":"OCE-1538525","fundingSource":{"_id":"355","name":"NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1538525"}],"instruments":[{"_id":"782907","name":"440 elemental analyzer (Costech Inc., CA)","description":"Used to measure organic/inorganic carbon and nitrogen.","type_id":"546339","type_name":"Elemental Analyzer","type_desc":"Instruments that quantify carbon, nitrogen and sometimes other elements by combusting the sample at very high temperature and assaying the resulting gaseous oxides. Usually used for samples including organic material.","type_acronym":""},{"_id":"782908","name":"Perkin Elmer (CA) Liquid Scintillation Counter","description":"Used to process radioactive assays.","type_id":"624","type_name":"Liquid Scintillation Counter","type_desc":"Liquid scintillation counting is an analytical technique which is defined by the incorporation of the radiolabeled analyte into uniform distribution with a liquid chemical medium capable of converting the kinetic energy of nuclear emissions into light energy. Although the liquid scintillation counter is a sophisticated laboratory counting system used to quantify the activity of particulate emitting (ß and a) radioactive samples, it can also detect the auger electrons emitted from 51Cr and 125I samples.\r\n\r\nLiquid scintillation counters are instruments assaying alpha and beta radiation by quantitative detection of visible light produced by the passage of rays or particles through a suitable scintillant incorporated into the sample.","type_acronym":"LSC"},{"_id":"782906","name":"","description":"","type_id":"464","type_name":"Turner Designs Fluorometer 10-AU","type_desc":"The Turner Designs 10-AU Field Fluorometer is used to measure Chlorophyll fluorescence. The 10AU Fluorometer can be set up for continuous-flow monitoring or discrete sample analyses. A variety of compounds can be measured using application-specific optical filters available from the manufacturer (read more from Turner Designs, turnerdesigns.com, Sunnyvale, CA, USA).","type_acronym":"Turner Fluorometer 10-AU"}],"parameters":[{"_id":"782955","name":"Temperature","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

treatment temperature

","units":{"_id":"","name":"degrees Celsius"},"type":{"_id":"733","name":"temperature","description":"

water temperature at measurement depth

"}},{"_id":"782956","name":"variation","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

temperature variation treatment description

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"489066","name":"treatment","description":"

Experimental conditions applied to experimental units. In comparative experiments, members of the complementary group, the control group, receive either no treatment or a standard treatment.

"}},{"_id":"782957","name":"POC","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

concentration of Particulate Organic Carbon

","units":{"_id":"","name":"picograms/cell"},"type":{"_id":"934","name":"POC","description":"

Particulate Organic Carbon. Units may be micrograms/Liter, milligrams/Liter or milligrams/meter^3

"}},{"_id":"782958","name":"PIC","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

concentration of Particulate Inorganic Carbon

","units":{"_id":"","name":"picograms/cell"},"type":{"_id":"1202","name":"PIC","description":"

particulate inorganic Carbon

"}},{"_id":"782959","name":"PON","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

concentration of Particulate Organic Nitrogen

","units":{"_id":"","name":"picograms/cell"},"type":{"_id":"935","name":"PON","description":"

Particulate Organic Nitrogen. Units may be micrograms/Liter, milligrams/Liter, or milligrams/meter^3

"}},{"_id":"782960","name":"TPC","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

concentration of Total Particulate Carbon

","units":{"_id":"","name":"picograms/cell"},"type":{"_id":"1214","name":"TPC","description":"

total particulate Carbon

"}},{"_id":"782961","name":"POP","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

concentration of Particulate Organic Phosphorous

","units":{"_id":"","name":"picograms/cell"},"type":{"_id":"537995","name":"POP","description":"

Particulate organic phosphorus

"}},{"_id":"782962","name":"Chla","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

concentration of Chlorophyll a

","units":{"_id":"","name":"picograms/cell"},"type":{"_id":"766","name":"chlorophyll a","description":"

Total chlorophyll a pigment. See dataset for units of measurement; often reported in: milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3); micrograms/liter (ug/L); nanograms/liter (ng/L).

CAUTION Within JGOFS MERGED water column products: this parameter is derived from HPLC methodology and the units are nanograms/liter; however; this parameter name is also used for a variety of water and nonwater column sampling; derived via the fluorometric method; units will also vary.

"}},{"_id":"782963","name":"carbon_fix_rate","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

carbon fixation rate using a 14C incubation technique

","units":{"_id":"","name":"10 -7 umol Carbon cell-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"1594","name":"C_photosyn","description":"

Photosynthesis; rate of 14C fixation (organic fraction) by micro-diffusion method

"}},{"_id":"782964","name":"photosyn_rate","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

photosynthetic rate using a 14C incubation technique

","units":{"_id":"","name":"10 -7 umol Carbon cell-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"1594","name":"C_photosyn","description":"

Photosynthesis; rate of 14C fixation (organic fraction) by micro-diffusion method

"}},{"_id":"782965","name":"calcification_rate","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

calcification rate using a 14C incubation technique

","units":{"_id":"","name":"10 -7 umol Carbon cell-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"708750","name":"calcification","description":"

Accumulation of calcium salts including calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in various forms (e.g. aragonite, calcite). Can be a measured amount, percent of organism, or rate of accumulation.

"}},{"_id":"782966","name":"Chla_POC","format":"","frictionlessType":"","description":"

Chla to POC ratio

","units":{"_id":"","name":"milligrams/gram"},"type":{"_id":"1073","name":"no_bcodmo_term","description":"