http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/807195
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2020-03-30
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Abundances of mixotrophic, phototrophic, and heterotrophic nanoflagellates, and associated environmental data, synthesized from the scientific literature.
2020-03-30
publication
2020-03-30
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2021-04-22
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.807195.1
Kyle F. Edwards
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Edwards, K. F. (2021) Abundances of mixotrophic, phototrophic, and heterotrophic nanoflagellates, and associated environmental data, synthesized from the scientific literature. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2020-03-30 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.807195.1 [access date]
Methods and Sampling: <p>&nbsp;Data were compiled from 130 experiments in 11 publications that use fluorescently labeled bacteria or beads to estimate the abundance of bacterivorous mixotrophic nanoflagellates (MNF), defined as nanoflagellates with both ingested labeled prey and chlorophyll autofluorescence.These experiments simultaneously counted heterotrophic nanoflagellates (nanoflagellates with no chlorophyll autofluorescence, HNF) and total phototrophic nanoflagellates (all nanoflagellates with chlorophyll autofluorescence, PNF). In some cases researchers also estimated bulk ingestion rate by MNF and HNF, and these data were also extracted.</p>
<p>To ask whether MNF, HNF, and PNF shift in relative abundance across environmental gradients, data on environmental conditions were extracted from the same studies: temperature, chlorophyll-a concentration, nitrate concentration, and bacterial abundance. Although some samples were taken from below the mixed layer, mixed layer Chl-a and nitrate were used as predictors for all analyses, intended as proxies of total productivity or nutrient supply at that location. For two studies Chl-a was not reported and climatological values were used. To capture the light environment, climatological photosynthetically active radiation data (PAR) were used, because <em>in situ</em> PAR data were reported in few studies. Monthly climatological mean PAR from the SeaWiFS mission for each location was extracted from the NASA Giovanni portal (<a href="https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/">https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/</a>).</p>
<p>For samples taken within the mixed layer the light environment was characterized as the median mixed layer PAR, defined as PARin * e^(−(0.121*Chlmix^0.428)*MLD/2), where PARin is incident PAR (mole photons per square meter per day), Chlmix is mixed layer Chl-a (micrograms per liter), and MLD is mixed layer depth (meters). For samples taken below the mixed layer the light environment was characterized as PAR at the sample depth, defined as PARin * e^(-(0.121*Chlmix^0.428)*MLD)</p>
<p>For four studies mixed layer depth could not be estimated from data in the study and was taken from a climatology (http://www.ifremer.fr/cerweb/deboyer/mld/Surface_Mixed_Layer_Depth.php).</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1559356 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1559356
completed
Kyle F. Edwards
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
808-956-6198
Department of Oceanography 1000 Pope Road
Honolulu
HI
96822
kfe@hawaii.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Method
Group
Environment
Latitude
Longitude
Position
Nitrate
Chl_a
HNF
MNF
PNF
Bacteria
HNF_ingest
MNF_ingest
MLD
PAR
Study
Date
Depth
Temperature
theme
None, User defined
sample description
latitude
longitude
Nitrate
chlorophyll a
count
bacterial abundance
depth
PAR
reference_paper
date
temperature of sample or a generic measurement (not in-situ water temp)
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Eating themselves sick? Ecological interactions among a mixotrophic flagellate, its prokaryotic prey, and an ingestible giant virus.
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/721829
Eating themselves sick? Ecological interactions among a mixotrophic flagellate, its prokaryotic prey, and an ingestible giant virus.
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
Phytoplankton support the biological bounty of our seas, so understanding what controls their growth and death is one of the central issues in oceanography. In much of the nutrient-depleted surface waters of the open ocean, the most successful phytoplankton are tiny photosynthetic bacteria known as Prochlorococcus. These bacteria are highly successful competitors for the ocean's limited nutrients and commonly outcompete larger phytoplankton. Yet, many larger types of phytoplankton persist in the ocean. One reason why this coexistence may occur is that some of the weaker competitors called mixotrophs have evolved a clever alternative strategy best summed up as "If you can't beat them, eat them". In addition to directly competing for nutrients dissolved in the water, these larger phytoplankton can acquire nutrients by consuming and digesting their smaller rivals. The dual ability to photosynthesize and eat competitors has clear advantages, but there can be hidden costs of this intraguild predation strategy. While feeding on Procholorococcus, mixotrophs may also inadvertently ingest giant viruses that are so large they are mistaken for food. Infection is often fatal. Mixotrophy and viral infection are ubiquitous in the ocean; however these processes are often understudied and missing from traditional models of marine food webs that generally consider photosynthesis and predation independently. In this project, the interactions among a common mixotroph (Florenciella), its prey (Prochlorococcus), and a virus that infects the mixotroph (FloV1) will be studied in the lab and field. This research will also help guide the development of a cohesive mixotroph-virus-prey trophic model. Improving these trophic models to account for more complex processes could fundamentally change our understanding of marine trophic dynamics. The project will directly support the training of a post-doc, graduate and undergraduate student in inter-disciplinary science that includes field, lab, and modeling activities. The project will support a major component of the graduate student's dissertation and the progressive training of an undergraduate student, culminating in an independent project. The concepts of mixotrophy and viral ecology investigated here will be translated into a public display seen by hundreds of children and members of the public. The PIs will engage a K-12 teacher in the fieldwork at sea through a "Science Teachers Aboard Research Ships (STARS)" program and will recruit an undergraduate researcher through the CMORE Scholars program at the University of Hawaii.</p>
<p>The advantages and drawbacks of a mixotrophic strategy will depend on the availability of resources and competitors and the likelihood of viral infection. The timing of grazing will be tested to determine whether Florenciella grazes continuously or separates it grazing and photosynthetic activities by only feeding at night. Prey preferences of Florenciella will be tested in competitive grazing experiments offering Prochlorococcus as prey in the presence of varying amounts of other bacteria and cyanobacteria. Electron microscopy will be used to determine whether prey and virus enter Florenciella by the same pathway and whether the presence of prey competitively interferes with viral infection. The kinetics of grazing by Florenciella and infection of Florenciella by FloV1 will be quantified. The results from these lab experiments will be used to parameterize a numerical model. The model will be used to answer questions and make predictions about the dynamics of the mixotroph-virus-prey system and those predictions will be compared to field data. Collectivity, these observational, experimental and quantitative analyses will provide a detailed exploration of the ecological complexity hidden at the base of the marine food web.</p>
Giant virus ecology
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
-125
25
-36.4
81
1990-10-04
2018-02-01
North Pacific Subtropical Gyre - Station ALOHA; and North Pacific tropical embayment, Oahu, HI - Kaneohe Bay
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Abundances of mixotrophic, phototrophic, and heterotrophic nanoflagellates, and associated environmental data, synthesized from the scientific literature.
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807265.rdf
Name: Method
Units: unitless
Description: <p>fluorescently labeled bacteria (FLB) or fluorescently labeled beads (beads)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807266.rdf
Name: Group
Units: unitless
Description: <p>grouping variable for within-study spatial/temporal structure</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807267.rdf
Name: Environment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>coastal or open ocean (defined by eye)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807268.rdf
Name: Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>latitude, negative is south</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807269.rdf
Name: Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>longitude, negative is west</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807270.rdf
Name: Position
Units: unitless
Description: <p>mixed layer (ML) or below the mixed layer</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807271.rdf
Name: Nitrate
Units: micromoles per liter (umol/L)
Description: <p>nitrate concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807272.rdf
Name: Chl_a
Units: micrograms per liter (ug/L)
Description: <p>mixed layer Chlorophyl a</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807273.rdf
Name: HNF
Units: cells per milliliter (cells/mL)
Description: <p>heterotrophic nanoflagellates</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807274.rdf
Name: MNF
Units: cells per milliliter (cells/mL)
Description: <p>mixotrophic nanoflagellates</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807275.rdf
Name: PNF
Units: cells per milliliter (cells/mL)
Description: <p>phototrophic nanoflagellates</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807276.rdf
Name: Bacteria
Units: cells per milliliter (cells/mL)
Description: <p>bacteria</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807277.rdf
Name: HNF_ingest
Units: cells ingested per hour
Description: <p>total bacteria ingested by heterotrophic nanoflagellates</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807278.rdf
Name: MNF_ingest
Units: cells ingested per hour
Description: <p>total bacteria ingested by mixotrophic nanoflagellates</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807279.rdf
Name: MLD
Units: meter (m)
Description: <p>mixed layer depth</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807280.rdf
Name: PAR
Units: mol photons per m^2 per day
Description: <p>climatological photosynthetically active radiation data (PAR) - either median mixed layer PAR or PAR at sample depth, as defined in Methods</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807281.rdf
Name: Study
Units: unitless
Description: <p>publication data are compiled from - full reference can be found in "publications" section of the BCO-DMO dataset landing page</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807282.rdf
Name: Date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date in format YYYY-MM-DD</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807283.rdf
Name: Depth
Units: meters (m)
Description: <p>Depth from the surface.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807285.rdf
Name: Temperature
Units: degrees Celsius (°C)
Description: <p>Water temperature at sample depth</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
13119
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/26986/1/dataset-807195_mixotrophic-nanoflagellate-abundances__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.807195.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>&nbsp;Data were compiled from 130 experiments in 11 publications that use fluorescently labeled bacteria or beads to estimate the abundance of bacterivorous mixotrophic nanoflagellates (MNF), defined as nanoflagellates with both ingested labeled prey and chlorophyll autofluorescence.These experiments simultaneously counted heterotrophic nanoflagellates (nanoflagellates with no chlorophyll autofluorescence, HNF) and total phototrophic nanoflagellates (all nanoflagellates with chlorophyll autofluorescence, PNF). In some cases researchers also estimated bulk ingestion rate by MNF and HNF, and these data were also extracted.</p>
<p>To ask whether MNF, HNF, and PNF shift in relative abundance across environmental gradients, data on environmental conditions were extracted from the same studies: temperature, chlorophyll-a concentration, nitrate concentration, and bacterial abundance. Although some samples were taken from below the mixed layer, mixed layer Chl-a and nitrate were used as predictors for all analyses, intended as proxies of total productivity or nutrient supply at that location. For two studies Chl-a was not reported and climatological values were used. To capture the light environment, climatological photosynthetically active radiation data (PAR) were used, because <em>in situ</em> PAR data were reported in few studies. Monthly climatological mean PAR from the SeaWiFS mission for each location was extracted from the NASA Giovanni portal (<a href="https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/">https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/</a>).</p>
<p>For samples taken within the mixed layer the light environment was characterized as the median mixed layer PAR, defined as PARin * e^(−(0.121*Chlmix^0.428)*MLD/2), where PARin is incident PAR (mole photons per square meter per day), Chlmix is mixed layer Chl-a (micrograms per liter), and MLD is mixed layer depth (meters). For samples taken below the mixed layer the light environment was characterized as PAR at the sample depth, defined as PARin * e^(-(0.121*Chlmix^0.428)*MLD)</p>
<p>For four studies mixed layer depth could not be estimated from data in the study and was taken from a climatology (http://www.ifremer.fr/cerweb/deboyer/mld/Surface_Mixed_Layer_Depth.php).</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>These data were published in: Edwards, K.F., 2019. Mixotrophy in nanoflagellates across environmental gradients in the ocean.&nbsp;<em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</em>,&nbsp;<em>116</em>(13), pp.6211-6220. Dataset S1.</p>
<p>BCO-DMO processing notes:</p>
<ul>
<li>Changed column headers to comply with database requirements</li>
<li>Removed reference number variable</li>
<li>Reformatted the data column to iso format: yyyy-mm-dd</li>
<li>Rounded the columns Nitrate, Chl_a, HNF, MNF, PNF, Bacteria, HNF_ingest, MNF_infest, MLD, PAR are rounded to 0 decimals</li>
<li>Rounded the columns HNF, MNF, PNF, Bacteria, HNF_ingest, MNF_infest, MLD are rounded to 0 decimals</li>
<li>The chl_a, longitude and latitude columns are rounded to 2 decimals</li>
<li>Rounded PAR to 1 decimal</li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact