http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/821036
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2020-08-17
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from Odyssey PAR sensors deployed at three sites in the Florida Keys in June 2018
2020-08-17
publication
2020-08-17
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2020-08-20
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.821036.1
Matthew H. Long
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
Daniel C. McCorkle
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Long, M., McCorkle, D. (2020) Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from Odyssey PAR sensors deployed at three sites in the Florida Keys in June 2018. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2020-08-17 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.821036.1 [access date]
PAR data from the Florida Keys Dataset Description: <p>An eddy covariance system, known as ECHOES, was deployed at three sites offshore of Key Largo, Florida during June 2018. The ECHOES systems logged the three-dimensional velocity, depth, O2 optode, pH sensor, and triaxial Inertial Measurement Unit. A separate frame at each site contained a photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor and a Seabird SeapHOx, measuring salinity, temperature, depth, O<sub>2</sub>, and pH. This dataset contains the PAR data.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Background</strong><br />
The basis for the eddy covariance (EC) technique is that turbulent mixing, caused by the interaction of current velocity with the benthic, atmospheric, sea-ice, or cline interfaces, is the dominant vertical transport process in boundary layers. Therefore, vertical fluxes across the ecosystem interfaces can be derived from high-resolution measurements of the vertical velocity and a solute concentration.</p>
<p><strong>Field Sites</strong><br />
The field sites were located ~7 km offshore of Key Largo, Florida, USA at the southern tip of Florida in the Florida Keys. The sites were located on or adjacent to Little Grecian Rocks Reef with a site on the reef crest (25.119016°N, -80.300504°W) at 2.9 m mean depth, in a seagrass bed located ~225 m to the northwest of the reef site (25.120328°N, -80.302222°W) at 4.8 m mean depth, and in a sandy site located ~300 m to the southwest of the reef site (25.117320°N, -80.303069°W) at 6.3 m mean depth. The reef site is described in substantial detail (3-dimensional and species analyses) in Hopkinson et al. (2020), where the EC instrument can be seen near the center of the image analyses (in Figure 6 of Hopkinson et al. 2020) during its deployment in this study. This reef site is substantially degraded with its benthic surface and primary production dominated by octocorals, algae and rubble (Hopkinson et al. 2020). The seagrass site was dominated by dense Thalassia testudinum (turtlegrass) with a canopy height of 0.2 m underlain by carbonate sands. The sandy site was composed of carbonate sands with microalgal mats and migrating bedforms 0.1 m in height. Research was conducted from June 24 to June 29 in 2018 with the seagrass deployment beginning on the 24th and the sand and reef deployment beginning on the 25th of June, 2018.</p>
<p><strong>Instrumentation</strong><br />
The EC systems used here, known as Eddy Covariance Hydrogen Ion and Oxygen Exchange&nbsp;System (ECHOES, Long et al. 2015) consisted of an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV, Nortek) that was coupled to a FirestingO₂ Mini fiber-optic O₂ meter with a fast-response (~ 0.3 s) 430 µm diameter optode (Pyroscience) (Long et al. 2015, Long and Nicholson 2018, Long et al. 2019) and a fast-response (~0.6 s) Honeywell Durafet III pH sensor with a preamp Cap Adapter and a custom isolation amplifier (based on Texas Instruments ISO124P). The ECHOES systems logged the three-dimensional velocity, depth, O₂ optode, pH sensor, and triaxial Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU, MicroStrain model 3DM-GX3) at a frequency of 32 Hz continuously.&nbsp;</p>
<p>A separate frame at each site contained an Odyssey (Dataflow Systems, New Zealand) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor and a Seabird SeapHOx (measuring salinity, temperature, depth, O₂, and pH). The SeapHOx was factory calibrated and the Odyssey PAR sensors were calibrated to a HR-4 spectroradiometer system (HOBI Labs HydroRAD-4) using the methods of Long et al. (2012).</p>
<p>Refer to the Supplemental File "ECHOES_methods_FL2018.pdf" for more details on methdology.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1657727 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1657727
completed
Matthew H. Long
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
508-289-2798
Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry MS #25, 266 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
mlong@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
Daniel C. McCorkle
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
508-289-2949
Geology & Geophysics 266 Woods Hole Rd MS #08
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
dmccorkle@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
site
lat
lon
PAR_time
Photosynthetically_Active_Radiation
Odyssey (Dataflow Systems, New Zealand) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor
HR-4 spectroradiometer system (HOBI Labs HydroRAD-4)
theme
None, User defined
site
latitude
longitude
time_elapsed
PAR
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
Radiometer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Carbon Cycling in Carbonate-Dominated Benthic Ecosystems: Eddy Covariance Hydrogen Ion and Oxygen Fluxes
https://www2.whoi.edu/staff/mlong/projects/project-4/
Carbon Cycling in Carbonate-Dominated Benthic Ecosystems: Eddy Covariance Hydrogen Ion and Oxygen Fluxes
<p>NSF Award Abstract:</p>
<p>Chemical and biological processes that occur in and on the seafloor can create chemical exchange of elements with seawater and make significant contributions to carbon and nutrient cycling in shallow coastal systems. However, these processes are exceedingly difficult to measure directly in the ocean, with no satisfactory methods currently available to quantify their full impact. The researchers undertaking this project have developed a unique, field instrument referred to as the Eddy Covariance H+ and O2 Exchange System (ECHOES). These novel measurements of hydrogen ion (H+) and oxygen (O2) exchange between the seafloor and the overlying seawater will allow unique, direct evaluation of the important linked biological and chemical reactions. Data from ECHOES will transform understanding of the potentially critical contribution of seafloor processes to the resilience of coastal ecosystems experiencing rapid changes in seawater chemistry. Results from this project will provide critical data for improved models of the consequences of coastal acidification. Additionally, this project will fund an early career scientist and the mentorship of undergraduate students in ocean science research through the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute's Summer Student Fellowship Program.</p>
<p>Laboratory experiments have successfully examined the benthic response of individual organisms and chemical reactions to stress related to changing seawater chemistry but the integrated response of intact ecosystems has been very difficult to quantify due to unsatisfactory methods for in situ measurements of the required suite of biogeochemical fluxes. This deployment of ECHOES at a variety of carbonate-dominated seafloor sites in Bermuda is a pioneering effort to simultaneously measure net community production (NCP) and net community calcification (NCC). The study will focus on traditionally difficult-to-study systems including complex reefs, vertical seagrass canopies, and bare permeable sediments, evaluating diel variability, patchiness, and the impact of upstream fluxes on downstream ecosystems. Important biogeochemical parameters (e.g. pH, CO2, O2, alkalinity, etc.) in these productive shallow environments can experience daily fluctuations over a greater dynamic range than 100-year model projections for the open ocean due to increasing atmospheric CO2. Therefore, the novel field data generated by this research will help define the potentially critical and heretofore ill-defined role for shallow, productive carbonate sediments in predictive models of ecosystem response to ocean acidification.</p>
ECHOES Benthic Ecosystems
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
-80.303069
-80.300504
25.11732
25.120328
2018-06-24
2018-06-29
Bermuda
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from Odyssey PAR sensors deployed at three sites in the Florida Keys in June 2018
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/821051.rdf
Name: site
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Site description</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/821052.rdf
Name: lat
Units: decimal degrees North
Description: <p>Site latitude</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/821053.rdf
Name: lon
Units: decimal degrees East
Description: <p>Site longitude</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/821054.rdf
Name: PAR_time
Units: hours
Description: <p>hour (from 00:00 on 6/24/2018)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/821055.rdf
Name: Photosynthetically_Active_Radiation
Units: milli Einsteins per square meter per second (mE m-2 s-1)
Description: <p>Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR)</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
47916
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/26092/1/dataset-821036_florida-keys-par__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.821036.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Background</strong><br />
The basis for the eddy covariance (EC) technique is that turbulent mixing, caused by the interaction of current velocity with the benthic, atmospheric, sea-ice, or cline interfaces, is the dominant vertical transport process in boundary layers. Therefore, vertical fluxes across the ecosystem interfaces can be derived from high-resolution measurements of the vertical velocity and a solute concentration.</p>
<p><strong>Field Sites</strong><br />
The field sites were located ~7 km offshore of Key Largo, Florida, USA at the southern tip of Florida in the Florida Keys. The sites were located on or adjacent to Little Grecian Rocks Reef with a site on the reef crest (25.119016°N, -80.300504°W) at 2.9 m mean depth, in a seagrass bed located ~225 m to the northwest of the reef site (25.120328°N, -80.302222°W) at 4.8 m mean depth, and in a sandy site located ~300 m to the southwest of the reef site (25.117320°N, -80.303069°W) at 6.3 m mean depth. The reef site is described in substantial detail (3-dimensional and species analyses) in Hopkinson et al. (2020), where the EC instrument can be seen near the center of the image analyses (in Figure 6 of Hopkinson et al. 2020) during its deployment in this study. This reef site is substantially degraded with its benthic surface and primary production dominated by octocorals, algae and rubble (Hopkinson et al. 2020). The seagrass site was dominated by dense Thalassia testudinum (turtlegrass) with a canopy height of 0.2 m underlain by carbonate sands. The sandy site was composed of carbonate sands with microalgal mats and migrating bedforms 0.1 m in height. Research was conducted from June 24 to June 29 in 2018 with the seagrass deployment beginning on the 24th and the sand and reef deployment beginning on the 25th of June, 2018.</p>
<p><strong>Instrumentation</strong><br />
The EC systems used here, known as Eddy Covariance Hydrogen Ion and Oxygen Exchange&nbsp;System (ECHOES, Long et al. 2015) consisted of an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV, Nortek) that was coupled to a FirestingO₂ Mini fiber-optic O₂ meter with a fast-response (~ 0.3 s) 430 µm diameter optode (Pyroscience) (Long et al. 2015, Long and Nicholson 2018, Long et al. 2019) and a fast-response (~0.6 s) Honeywell Durafet III pH sensor with a preamp Cap Adapter and a custom isolation amplifier (based on Texas Instruments ISO124P). The ECHOES systems logged the three-dimensional velocity, depth, O₂ optode, pH sensor, and triaxial Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU, MicroStrain model 3DM-GX3) at a frequency of 32 Hz continuously.&nbsp;</p>
<p>A separate frame at each site contained an Odyssey (Dataflow Systems, New Zealand) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor and a Seabird SeapHOx (measuring salinity, temperature, depth, O₂, and pH). The SeapHOx was factory calibrated and the Odyssey PAR sensors were calibrated to a HR-4 spectroradiometer system (HOBI Labs HydroRAD-4) using the methods of Long et al. (2012).</p>
<p>Refer to the Supplemental File "ECHOES_methods_FL2018.pdf" for more details on methdology.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>BCO-DMO Processing:<br />
- concatenated data from the three different sites into one dataset;<br />
- renamed fields;<br />
- added latitude and longitude columns.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Odyssey (Dataflow Systems, New Zealand) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor
Odyssey (Dataflow Systems, New Zealand) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Odyssey (Dataflow Systems, New Zealand) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor Instrument Name: Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor Instrument Short Name:PAR sensor Instrument Description: A PAR sensor measures photosynthetically available (or active) radiation. The sensor measures photon flux density (photons per second per square meter) within the visible wavelength range (typically 400 to 700 nanometers). PAR gives an indication of the total energy available to plants for photosynthesis. This instrument name is used when specific type, make and model are not known. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/122/
HR-4 spectroradiometer system (HOBI Labs HydroRAD-4)
HR-4 spectroradiometer system (HOBI Labs HydroRAD-4)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: HR-4 spectroradiometer system (HOBI Labs HydroRAD-4) Instrument Name: Radiometer Instrument Short Name:Radiometer Instrument Description: Radiometer is a generic term for a range of instruments used to measure electromagnetic radiation (radiance and irradiance) in the atmosphere or the water column. For example, this instrument category includes free-fall spectral radiometer (SPMR/SMSR System, Satlantic, Inc), profiling or deck cosine PAR units (PUV-500 and 510, Biospherical Instruments, Inc). This is a generic term used when specific type, make and model were not specified. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/122/