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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/822216.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Benthic macroalgal and water column carbon uptake rates in an experimental chamber, Maunalua, O’ahu, Hawai’i, 2015-2016</gmx:Anchor>
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                        <gco:Date>2020-09-09</gco:Date>
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                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2525-3496" xlink:title="ORCID" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Craig E. Nelson</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Nelson, C. (2020) Benthic macroalgal and water column carbon uptake rates in an experimental chamber, Maunalua, O’ahu, Hawai’i, 2015-2016. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2020-08-27 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.822216.1 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmd:abstract>
        <gco:CharacterString>Benthic macroalgal carbon uptake rates Dataset Description: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This dataset contains initial experimental condition, and concentrations of dissolved inorganic&amp;amp;nbsp;carbon from experiments conducted at the University of Hawaii, Manoa in 2015.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Experiment CRANE (Coral Reef Acclimation to Nutrient Enrichment) identifies a monthlong mesocosm incubation study designed to understand the response of the coral reef community to long-term nutrient exposure.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;table border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Parameter&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Method&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;tidal_height&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Exact tides at the time of the experiment were retrieved from https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/noaatidepredictions.html?id=1612340&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;lat&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Experimental locations were randomly chosen across a known gradient of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). The waypoints (latitude and longitude) were inputted in a Garmin GSP 78.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;long&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Experimental locations were randomly chosen across a known gradient of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). The waypoints (latitude and longitude) were inputted in a Garmin GSP 78.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;incubation_time&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Time started when benthic chamber was sealed into position and ended when benthic chamber was taken off the benthos.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;temp_avg_inside&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A HOBO tidbit temperature logger was placed inside the benthic chamber for the duration of the experiment. Temperature readings were taken every 5 minutes. This time series was averaged, resulting in this value.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;sal_avg_inside&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;An Odyssey temperature and conductivity&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;ph_amb&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A water sample was taken from inside the benthic chamber at the beginning of the experiment (before 13C-sodium carbonate addition). pH was measured using a Thermo Scientific Orion Star A329 portable meter with a pH electrode calibrated against a Tris buffer of known pH from Andrew Dickson’s laboratory at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;phosphate_pre&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A water sample was collected at the beginning of the experiment from inside the benthic chamber. This water were filtered through a 0.2um filter (GF/F) in situ, and refrigerated for 3 weeks. The samples were brought to room temperature, mixed, and analyzed on a Seal Analytical Segmented Flow Injection AutoAnalyzer AA3HR for soluble reactive phosphate (PO43-).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;silicate_pre&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A water sample was collected at the beginning of the experiment from inside the benthic chamber. This water were filtered through a 0.2um filter (GF/F) in situ, and refrigerated for 3 weeks. The samples were brought to room temperature, mixed, and analyzed on a Seal Analytical Segmented Flow Injection AutoAnalyzer AA3HR for silicate (SiO).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;No3_NO2_pre&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A water sample was collected at the beginning of the experiment from inside the benthic chamber. This water were filtered through a 0.2um filter (GF/F) in situ, and refrigerated for 3 weeks. The samples were brought to room temperature, mixed, and analyzed on a Seal Analytical Segmented Flow Injection AutoAnalyzer AA3HR for nitrate + nitrite (N + N; NO2- + NO3-).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;ammonia_pre&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A water sample was collected at the beginning of the experiment from inside the benthic chamber. This water were filtered through a 0.2um filter (GF/F) in situ, and refrigerated for 3 weeks. The samples were brought to room temperature, mixed, and analyzed on a Seal Analytical Segmented Flow Injection AutoAnalyzer AA3HR for ammonium (NH4+).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PAR_avg_outside&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;An autonomous Odyssey Submersible Photosynthetic Active Radiation Logger was deployed within the benthic chamber. The scan rate was one per minute and the detected wavelength was cosine corrected photosynthetic irradiance (400_700nm).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;adv_mean&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A Nortek Vector 3D Acoustic Velocimeter was deployed outside the chamber, within 40cm of the benthos. It was set to sample continuously at a sampling rate of 8 Hz, with a nominal velocity range of 0.30 m/s.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;DIC_amb&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Right before (within 5 minutes) the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike, water samples for DIC analysis (250 ml) were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 300 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Samples were analyzed for DIC using the UIC Coulometer and Marianda VINDTA 3D at the S-LAB at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;DIC_2&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Right after (within 2 minutes) the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike, water samples for DIC analysis (250 ml) were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 300 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Samples were analyzed for DIC using the UIC Coulometer and Marianda VINDTA 3D at the S-LAB at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;DIC_postexp&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;At the end of the 1 hour incubation, water samples for DIC analysis (250 ml) were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 300 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Samples were analyzed for DIC using the UIC Coulometer and Marianda VINDTA 3D at the S-LAB at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;del_13C_DIC_amb&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Right before (within 5 minutes) the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike, water samples were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 30 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Water samples were sent to the Biogeochemical Stable Isotope Facility at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa for _13C analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon (Torres et al. 2005).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;del_13C_DIC_2&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Right after (within 2 minutes) the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike, water samples were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 30 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Water samples were sent to the Biogeochemical Stable Isotope Facility at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa for _13C analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon (Torres et al. 2005).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;del_13C_DIC_postexp&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;At the end of the 1 hour incubation, water samples were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 30 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Water samples were sent to the Biogeochemical Stable Isotope Facility at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa for _13C analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon (Torres et al. 2005).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/675030.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-1538393" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1538393 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1538393</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2525-3496" xlink:title="ORCID" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Craig E. Nelson</gmx:Anchor>
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Coral reef degradation, whether driven by overfishing, nutrient pollution, declining water quality, or other anthropogenic factors, is associated with a phase shift towards a reefs dominated by fleshy algae. In many cases managing and ameliorating these stressors does not lead to a return to coral dominance, and reefs languish in an algal-dominated state for years. Nearly a decade of research has demonstrated that trajectories toward increasing algal dominance are restructuring microbial community composition and metabolism; the investigators hypothesize that microbial processes facilitate the maintenance of algal dominance by metabolizing organic compounds released by algae thereby stressing corals through hypoxia and disease. The resilience of reefs to these phase shifts is a critical question in coral reef ecology, and managing reefs undergoing these community shifts requires developing an understanding of the role of microbial interactions in facilitating algal overgrowth and altering reef ecosystem function. The research proposed here will investigate the organics produced by algae, the microbes that metabolize the organics, and the impacts of these processes on coral health and growth. This research has implications for managing reef resilience to algal phase shifts by testing the differential resistance of coral-associated microbial communities to algae and defining thresholds of algal species cover which alter ecosystem biogeochemistry. This project provides mentoring across multiple career levels, linking underrepresented undergraduates, two graduate students, a postdoctoral researcher, and a beginning and established investigators.&lt;/p&gt;
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	Name: Exp_ID
	Units: unitless
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Identification for experiment&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823044.rdf
	Name: tidal_height
	Units: meters (m)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Tidal height at MLLW (mean lower low water). MLLW is defined as the average of the lower low water height of each tidal day observed over the National Tidal Datum Epoch. For stations with shorter series - comparison of simultaneous observations with a control tide station is made in order to derive the equivalent datum of the National Tidal Datum Epoch.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823045.rdf
	Name: lat
	Units: decimal degrees
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Latitude of experimental location; north is positive&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823046.rdf
	Name: long
	Units: decimal degrees
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Longitude of experimental location; east is positive&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823047.rdf
	Name: date
	Units: day-month-year
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Date the experiment was conducted (beginning and end date as experiments were about one hour long).&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823048.rdf
	Name: incubation_time
	Units: minutes (min)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Duration of experiment&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823049.rdf
	Name: temp_avg_inside
	Units: degree Celsius (°C)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average temperature inside the benthic chamber during the experiment&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823050.rdf
	Name: sal_avg_inside
	Units: PSU? No unit salinity
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average salinity inside the benthic chamber during the experiment&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823051.rdf
	Name: ph_amb
	Units: pH units on the total scale
	Description: &lt;p&gt;pH of water inside the benthic chamber at the beginning of the experiment.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823052.rdf
	Name: phosphate_pre
	Units: micromol per liter (umol/L)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Phosphate concentration of water inside the benthic chamber at the beginning of the experiment.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823053.rdf
	Name: silicate_pre
	Units: micromol per liter (umol/L)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Silicate concentration of water inside the benthic chamber at the beginning of the experiment.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823054.rdf
	Name: No3_NO2_pre
	Units: micromol per liter (umol/L)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Nitrate and nitrite concentration of water inside the benthic chamber at the beginning of the experiment.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823055.rdf
	Name: ammonia_pre
	Units: micromol per liter (umol/L)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Ammonia concentration of water inside the benthic chamber at the beginning of the experiment.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823056.rdf
	Name: PAR_avg_outside
	Units: micromol per meter squared per second (umol m-2 s-1)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Average photosynthetic active radiation inside the benthic chamber during the experiment&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823057.rdf
	Name: adv_mean
	Units: centimeters per second (cm s-1)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Mean flow velocity during the experiment.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823058.rdf
	Name: DIC_amb
	Units: micromole per kilogram of sea water (umol kg-1 sw)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Dissolved inorganic carbon concentration inside the benthic chamber right before the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823059.rdf
	Name: DIC_2
	Units: micromole per kilogram of sea water (umol kg-1 sw)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Dissolved inorganic carbon concentration inside the benthic chamber right after the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike.&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823060.rdf
	Name: DIC_postexp
	Units: micromole per kilogram of sea water (umol kg-1 sw)
	Description: &lt;p&gt;Dissolved inorganic carbon concentration inside the benthic chamber at the end of the one hour incubation (end of experiment).&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823061.rdf
	Name: del_13C_DIC_amb
	Units: unitless
	Description: &lt;p&gt;delta 13C of dissolved inorganic carbon concentration inside the benthic chamber right before the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike; parts per thousand  (‰ vs. V-PDB)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823062.rdf
	Name: del_13C_DIC_2
	Units: unitless
	Description: &lt;p&gt;delta 13C dissolved inorganic carbon concentration inside the benthic chamber right after the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike; parts per thousand  (‰ vs. V-PDB)&lt;/p&gt; 
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/823063.rdf
	Name: del_13C_DIC_postexp
	Units: unitless
	Description: &lt;p&gt;delta 13C dissolved inorganic carbon concentration inside the benthic chamber at the end of the one hour incubation (end of experiment); parts per thousand  (‰ vs. V-PDB)&lt;/p&gt; 
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&amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Parameter&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Method&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;tidal_height&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Exact tides at the time of the experiment were retrieved from https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/noaatidepredictions.html?id=1612340&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;lat&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Experimental locations were randomly chosen across a known gradient of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). The waypoints (latitude and longitude) were inputted in a Garmin GSP 78.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;long&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Experimental locations were randomly chosen across a known gradient of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). The waypoints (latitude and longitude) were inputted in a Garmin GSP 78.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;incubation_time&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Time started when benthic chamber was sealed into position and ended when benthic chamber was taken off the benthos.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;temp_avg_inside&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A HOBO tidbit temperature logger was placed inside the benthic chamber for the duration of the experiment. Temperature readings were taken every 5 minutes. This time series was averaged, resulting in this value.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;sal_avg_inside&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;An Odyssey temperature and conductivity&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;ph_amb&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A water sample was taken from inside the benthic chamber at the beginning of the experiment (before 13C-sodium carbonate addition). pH was measured using a Thermo Scientific Orion Star A329 portable meter with a pH electrode calibrated against a Tris buffer of known pH from Andrew Dickson’s laboratory at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;phosphate_pre&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A water sample was collected at the beginning of the experiment from inside the benthic chamber. This water were filtered through a 0.2um filter (GF/F) in situ, and refrigerated for 3 weeks. The samples were brought to room temperature, mixed, and analyzed on a Seal Analytical Segmented Flow Injection AutoAnalyzer AA3HR for soluble reactive phosphate (PO43-).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;silicate_pre&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A water sample was collected at the beginning of the experiment from inside the benthic chamber. This water were filtered through a 0.2um filter (GF/F) in situ, and refrigerated for 3 weeks. The samples were brought to room temperature, mixed, and analyzed on a Seal Analytical Segmented Flow Injection AutoAnalyzer AA3HR for silicate (SiO).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;No3_NO2_pre&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A water sample was collected at the beginning of the experiment from inside the benthic chamber. This water were filtered through a 0.2um filter (GF/F) in situ, and refrigerated for 3 weeks. The samples were brought to room temperature, mixed, and analyzed on a Seal Analytical Segmented Flow Injection AutoAnalyzer AA3HR for nitrate + nitrite (N + N; NO2- + NO3-).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;ammonia_pre&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A water sample was collected at the beginning of the experiment from inside the benthic chamber. This water were filtered through a 0.2um filter (GF/F) in situ, and refrigerated for 3 weeks. The samples were brought to room temperature, mixed, and analyzed on a Seal Analytical Segmented Flow Injection AutoAnalyzer AA3HR for ammonium (NH4+).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PAR_avg_outside&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;An autonomous Odyssey Submersible Photosynthetic Active Radiation Logger was deployed within the benthic chamber. The scan rate was one per minute and the detected wavelength was cosine corrected photosynthetic irradiance (400_700nm).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;adv_mean&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;A Nortek Vector 3D Acoustic Velocimeter was deployed outside the chamber, within 40cm of the benthos. It was set to sample continuously at a sampling rate of 8 Hz, with a nominal velocity range of 0.30 m/s.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;DIC_amb&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Right before (within 5 minutes) the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike, water samples for DIC analysis (250 ml) were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 300 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Samples were analyzed for DIC using the UIC Coulometer and Marianda VINDTA 3D at the S-LAB at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;DIC_2&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Right after (within 2 minutes) the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike, water samples for DIC analysis (250 ml) were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 300 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Samples were analyzed for DIC using the UIC Coulometer and Marianda VINDTA 3D at the S-LAB at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;DIC_postexp&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;At the end of the 1 hour incubation, water samples for DIC analysis (250 ml) were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 300 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Samples were analyzed for DIC using the UIC Coulometer and Marianda VINDTA 3D at the S-LAB at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;del_13C_DIC_amb&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Right before (within 5 minutes) the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike, water samples were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 30 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Water samples were sent to the Biogeochemical Stable Isotope Facility at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa for _13C analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon (Torres et al. 2005).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;del_13C_DIC_2&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Right after (within 2 minutes) the 13C sodium bicarbonate spike, water samples were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 30 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Water samples were sent to the Biogeochemical Stable Isotope Facility at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa for _13C analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon (Torres et al. 2005).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;del_13C_DIC_postexp&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;At the end of the 1 hour incubation, water samples were collected from within the benthic chamber and stored in 30 mL borosilicate bottles. Samples were brought back to the lab and fixed with 200 _l HgCl2 per 250 ml seawater. Water samples were sent to the Biogeochemical Stable Isotope Facility at the University of Hawai‘i at M_noa for _13C analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon (Torres et al. 2005).&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;
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Reference:
G. Voulgaris and J. H. Trowbridge, 1998. Evaluation of the Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) for Turbulence Measurements. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 15, 272–289. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1998)0152.0.CO;2 Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/384/</gco:CharacterString>
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