http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/827774
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2020-10-28
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
CO2, temperature, and oxygen effects on Atlantic silverside metabolic rates
2020-11-10
publication
2020-11-10
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2020-11-13
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.827774.1
Hannes Baumann
University of Connecticut
principalInvestigator
Emma L. Cross
University of Connecticut
principalInvestigator
Adelle I. Molina
Stony Brook University
principalInvestigator
Christopher S. Murray
University of Connecticut
principalInvestigator
Janet Nye
Stony Brook University
principalInvestigator
Teresa Schwemmer
Stony Brook University
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Baumann, H., Nye, J., Murray, C. S., Schwemmer, T., Molina, A. I., Cross, E. L. (2020) CO2, temperature, and oxygen effects on Atlantic silverside metabolic rates. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2020-11-10 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.827774.1 [access date]
CO2, temperature, and oxygen effects on Menidia menidia metabolic rates Dataset Description: <p>This dataset includes metabolic rates of Atlantic silverside (<em>Menidia menidia</em>) embryos and larvae reared in six separate experiments in 2016 and 2017. Four experiments used factorial combinations of CO₂ and temperature, and two experiments used combinations of CO₂ and oxygen.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Sampling and analytical procedures:</strong><br />
Detailed experimental methods are provided for experimental design and water chemistry in Murray and Baumann (2018) and Cross et al. (2019), and for respirometry methods in Schwemmer et al. (2020). In summary, spawning-ripe adult <em>Menidia menidia</em> were collected from Mumford Cove (41°19’25” N, 72°1’7” W), Groton, CT, in late spring and early summer of 2016 and 2017 and transported to the Rankin seawater laboratory at University of Connecticut’s Avery Point Campus. Adults were strip-spawned, and fertilized eggs were randomly distributed into 20-L rearing containers, which were placed into each treatment tank within 2h post-fertilization. All experimental methods were approved and conducted according to University of Connecticut Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee protocol #A14-032. Of six factorial experiments conducted in 2016 and 2017, experiments 1-4 quantified CO₂ × temperature effects and experiments 5-6 quantified CO₂ × oxygen effects. Experiment 1 used 400 and 2200 uatm as target pCO₂ levels, crossed with two temperatures: 17°C and 24°C. Experiments 2 and 3 factorially crossed three pCO₂ levels (400, 2200, and 4200 uatm) with three temperatures (17°C, 20°C, and 24°C). Experiment 4 used the same three target pCO₂ levels crossed with 24°C and 28°C. Experiments 5 and 6 exposed <em>M. menidia</em> early life stages to three levels of pCO₂ (400, 2200, and 4200 uatm) crossed factorially with three target levels of oxygen partial pressure (pO₂): normoxic (23 kPa), suboxic (12 kPa) and hypoxic (7.5 or 9 kPa). The pCO₂ levels were calculated based on measured pH, temperature, salinity, and total alkalinity (A<sub>T</sub>). A<sub>T</sub> samples were collected three times per experiment and measured using an endpoint titration. Based on these measurements, the pCO₂ (uatm) was calculated in CO2SYS (V2.1). In the CO₂ × temperature experiments, oxygen was maintained at ~100% air saturation (&gt;20 kPa). For experiments 1 and 4 this was achieved with continuous bubbling and validated daily for each tank with a handheld probe. For experiments 2, 3, 5, and 6, dissolved oxygen (DO, mg L⁻¹) measurements were automatically taken twice hourly in each tank by a DO probe connected to a LabView program, which adjusted bubbling of CO₂-stripped air or nitrogen gas to maintain target oxygen levels.</p>
<p>Closed respirometry measurements were conducted on embryos randomly sampled from each treatment 1-3 days prior to hatch and larvae sampled on the day of hatching. Oxygen consumption rates were measured by two 24-channel SensorDish readers (SDR) and glass well plates equipped with an optical oxygen sensor spot in each well. Each 0.5-mL well received a single embryo or larva, and at least one well contained only treatment water to measure background microbial respiration. Well plates were sealed and placed in temperature-controlled water baths and dissolved oxygen (DO, mg L⁻¹) was recorded every fifteen seconds by the SDR software until DO had decreased by 3 mg L⁻¹ in at least one of the wells, for 15-60 minutes. In the case of the suboxic and hypoxic treatments from experiments 5 and 6, however, the trials lasted five minutes regardless of the DO differential, given the already low oxygen in the treatment water. At the end of each measurement period, embryos and larvae were checked for injury or death, and any other factors that might have affected oxygen consumption rates were noted.</p>
<p><strong>Known Problems:</strong><br />
Embryos were not sampled in Experiment 2 due to logistical issues. Some fish IDs might be missing because the individual died or escaped, and was therefore not included in the dataset although it had already been assigned a number before respirometry.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1536336 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1536336
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1536165 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1536165
completed
Hannes Baumann
University of Connecticut
860-405-9297
Department of Marine Sciences 1080 Shennecossett Road
Groton
CT
06340-6048
USA
hannes.baumann@uconn.edu
pointOfContact
Emma L. Cross
University of Connecticut
860-405-9155
Department of Marine Sciences 1080 Shennecossett Road
Groton
CT
06340
USA
e.l.cross@cantab.net
pointOfContact
Adelle I. Molina
Stony Brook University
School of Atmospheric Sciences
Stony Brook
NY
11974-5000
USA
adelle.molina@stonybrook.edu
pointOfContact
Christopher S. Murray
University of Connecticut
christopher.murray@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
Janet Nye
Stony Brook University
252-726-6841 ext 158
Institute of Marine Sciences 3431 Arendell St.
Morehead City
NC
28557
USA
jnye@email.unc.edu
pointOfContact
Teresa Schwemmer
Stony Brook University
267-421-2648
School of Atmospheric Sciences
Stony Brook
NY
11974-5000
USA
teresa.schwemmer@stonybrook.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
experiment
exp_type
species
adult_collection_site
latitude
longitude
fertilization_date
fish_id
tank
target_pCO2
target_temp
target_DO
target_PO2
mean_pCO2
mean_pH
mean_temp
mean_DO
mean_PO2
stage
sample_date
embryo_RMR
larva_RMR
Chiller
Digital microscope-mounted camera
Respirometry microplates
Microscope
pH sensors
Respirometry oxygen sensor readers
Thermostat
Alkalinity titrator
theme
None, User defined
experiment id
treatment
species scientific name (binomial)
site
latitude
longitude
date
sample identification
tank
Partial pressure of CO2
water temperature at measurement depth
dissolved Oxygen
No BCO-DMO term
pH
sample description
O2 consumption
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Aquarium chiller
Camera
microplate
Microscope - Optical
pH Sensor
plate reader
thermostat
Titrator
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Collaborative research: Understanding the effects of acidification and hypoxia within and across generations in a coastal marine fish
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/650184
Collaborative research: Understanding the effects of acidification and hypoxia within and across generations in a coastal marine fish
<p><em>Description from NSF award abstract:</em><br />
Coastal marine ecosystems provide a number of important services and resources for humans, and at the same time, coastal waters are subject to environmental stressors such as increases in ocean acidification and reductions in dissolved oxygen. The effects of these stressors on coastal marine organisms remain poorly understood because most research to date has examined the sensitivity of species to one factor, but not to more than one in combination. This project will determine how a model fish species, the Atlantic silverside, will respond to observed and predicted levels of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2). Shorter-term experiments will measure embryo and larval survival, growth, and metabolism, and determine whether parents experiencing stressful conditions produce more robust offspring. Longer-term experiments will study the consequences of ocean acidification over the entire life span by quantifying the effects of high-CO2 conditions on the ratio of males to females, lifetime growth, and reproductive investment. These studies will provide a more comprehensive view of how multiple stressors may impact populations of Atlantic silversides and potentially other important forage fish species. This collaborative project will support and train three graduate students at the University of Connecticut and the Stony Brook University (NY), two institutions that attract students from minority groups. It will also provide a variety of opportunities for undergraduates to participate in research and the public to learn about the study, through summer research projects, incorporation in the "Women in Science and Engineering" program, and interactive displays of environmental data from monitoring buoys. The two early-career investigators are committed to increasing ocean literacy and awareness of NSF-funded research through public talks and presentations.</p>
<p>This project responds to the recognized need for multi-stressor assessments of species sensitivities to anthropogenic environmental change. It will combine environmental monitoring with advanced experimental approaches to characterize early and whole life consequences of acidification and hypoxia in the Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia), a valued model species and important forage fish along most of the US east coast. Experiments will employ a newly constructed, computer-controlled fish rearing system to allow independent and combined manipulation of seawater pCO2 and dissolved oxygen (DO) content and the application of static and fluctuating pCO2 and DO levels that were chosen to represent contemporary and potential future scenarios in productive coastal habitats. First CO2, DO, and CO2 × DO dependent reaction norms will be quantified for fitness-relevant early life history (ELH) traits including pre- and post-hatch survival, time to hatch, post-hatch growth, by rearing offspring collected from wild adults from fertilization to 20 days post hatch (dph) using a full factorial design of 3 CO2 × 3 DO levels. Second, the effects of tidal and diel CO2 × DO fluctuations of different amplitudes on silverside ELH traits will be quantified. To address knowledge gaps regarding the CO2-sensitivity in this species, laboratory manipulations of adult spawner environments and reciprocal offspring exposure experiments will elucidate the role of transgenerational plasticity as a potential short-term mechanism to cope with changing environments. To better understand the mechanisms of fish early life CO2-sensitivity, the effects of temperature × CO2 on pre- and post-hatch metabolism will be robustly quantified. The final objective is to rear silversides from fertilization to maturity under different CO2 levels and assess potential CO2-effects on sex ratio and whole life growth and fecundity.</p>
<p><strong>Related references:</strong><br />
Gobler, C.J. and Baumann, H. (2016) Hypoxia and acidification in ocean ecosystems: Coupled dynamics and effects on marine life. Biology Letters 12:20150976. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0976" target="_blank">10.1098/rsbl.2015.0976</a></p>
<p>Baumann, H. (2016) Combined effects of ocean acidification, warming, and hypoxia on marine organisms. Limnology and Oceanography e-Lectures 6:1-43. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/loe2.10002" target="_blank">10.1002/loe2.10002</a></p>
<p>Depasquale, E., Baumann, H., and Gobler, C.J. (2015) Variation in early life stage vulnerability among Northwest Atlantic estuarine forage fish to ocean acidification and low oxygen Marine Ecology Progress Series 523: 145–156.doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps11142" target="_blank">10.3354/meps11142</a></p>
HYPOA
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
-72.015247
-72.015247
41.321526
41.321526
2016-04-22
2017-06-18
Eastern Long Island Sound, CT, USA
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from CO2, temperature, and oxygen effects on Atlantic silverside metabolic rates
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828503.rdf
Name: experiment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>experiment number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828504.rdf
Name: exp_type
Units: unitless
Description: <p>type of experiment (independent variables)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828505.rdf
Name: species
Units: unitless
Description: <p>subject species</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828506.rdf
Name: adult_collection_site
Units: unitless
Description: <p>site adults used for spawning were collected</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828507.rdf
Name: latitude
Units: degrees North
Description: <p>latitude of collection site</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828508.rdf
Name: longitude
Units: degrees East
Description: <p>longitude of collection site</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828509.rdf
Name: fertilization_date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>date eggs were fertilized; format: YYYY-MM-DD</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828510.rdf
Name: fish_id
Units: unitless
Description: <p>ID number assigned to fish</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828511.rdf
Name: tank
Units: unitless
Description: <p>tank fish were reared in</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828512.rdf
Name: target_pCO2
Units: microatmospheres (uatm)
Description: <p>target partial pressure of CO2</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828513.rdf
Name: target_temp
Units: degress Celsius
Description: <p>target temperature level</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828514.rdf
Name: target_DO
Units: milligrams per liter (mg L-1)
Description: <p>target dissolved oxygen level</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828515.rdf
Name: target_PO2
Units: kilopascals (kPa)
Description: <p>target partial pressure of oxygen</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828516.rdf
Name: mean_pCO2
Units: microatmospheres (uatm)
Description: <p>mean partial pressure of CO2</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828517.rdf
Name: mean_pH
Units: unitless
Description: <p>mean water pH</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828518.rdf
Name: mean_temp
Units: degrees Celsius
Description: <p>mean water temperature</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828519.rdf
Name: mean_DO
Units: milligrams per liter (mg L-1)
Description: <p>mean dissolved oxygen</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828520.rdf
Name: mean_PO2
Units: kilopascals (kPa)
Description: <p>mean partial pressure of oxygen</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828521.rdf
Name: stage
Units: unitless
Description: <p>life stage at sampling</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828522.rdf
Name: sample_date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>date fish was sampled; format: YYYY-MM-DD</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828523.rdf
Name: embryo_RMR
Units: micromoles O2 per individual per hour (umol O2 individual-1 h-1)
Description: <p>metabolic rate of embryo</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/828524.rdf
Name: larva_RMR
Units: micromoles O2 per milligram per hour (umol O2 mg-1 h-1)
Description: <p>mass-specific metabolic rate of larva</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
169940
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/26378/1/dataset-827774_atlantic-silverside-metabolic-rates__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.827774.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Sampling and analytical procedures:</strong><br />
Detailed experimental methods are provided for experimental design and water chemistry in Murray and Baumann (2018) and Cross et al. (2019), and for respirometry methods in Schwemmer et al. (2020). In summary, spawning-ripe adult <em>Menidia menidia</em> were collected from Mumford Cove (41°19’25” N, 72°1’7” W), Groton, CT, in late spring and early summer of 2016 and 2017 and transported to the Rankin seawater laboratory at University of Connecticut’s Avery Point Campus. Adults were strip-spawned, and fertilized eggs were randomly distributed into 20-L rearing containers, which were placed into each treatment tank within 2h post-fertilization. All experimental methods were approved and conducted according to University of Connecticut Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee protocol #A14-032. Of six factorial experiments conducted in 2016 and 2017, experiments 1-4 quantified CO₂ × temperature effects and experiments 5-6 quantified CO₂ × oxygen effects. Experiment 1 used 400 and 2200 uatm as target pCO₂ levels, crossed with two temperatures: 17°C and 24°C. Experiments 2 and 3 factorially crossed three pCO₂ levels (400, 2200, and 4200 uatm) with three temperatures (17°C, 20°C, and 24°C). Experiment 4 used the same three target pCO₂ levels crossed with 24°C and 28°C. Experiments 5 and 6 exposed <em>M. menidia</em> early life stages to three levels of pCO₂ (400, 2200, and 4200 uatm) crossed factorially with three target levels of oxygen partial pressure (pO₂): normoxic (23 kPa), suboxic (12 kPa) and hypoxic (7.5 or 9 kPa). The pCO₂ levels were calculated based on measured pH, temperature, salinity, and total alkalinity (A<sub>T</sub>). A<sub>T</sub> samples were collected three times per experiment and measured using an endpoint titration. Based on these measurements, the pCO₂ (uatm) was calculated in CO2SYS (V2.1). In the CO₂ × temperature experiments, oxygen was maintained at ~100% air saturation (&gt;20 kPa). For experiments 1 and 4 this was achieved with continuous bubbling and validated daily for each tank with a handheld probe. For experiments 2, 3, 5, and 6, dissolved oxygen (DO, mg L⁻¹) measurements were automatically taken twice hourly in each tank by a DO probe connected to a LabView program, which adjusted bubbling of CO₂-stripped air or nitrogen gas to maintain target oxygen levels.</p>
<p>Closed respirometry measurements were conducted on embryos randomly sampled from each treatment 1-3 days prior to hatch and larvae sampled on the day of hatching. Oxygen consumption rates were measured by two 24-channel SensorDish readers (SDR) and glass well plates equipped with an optical oxygen sensor spot in each well. Each 0.5-mL well received a single embryo or larva, and at least one well contained only treatment water to measure background microbial respiration. Well plates were sealed and placed in temperature-controlled water baths and dissolved oxygen (DO, mg L⁻¹) was recorded every fifteen seconds by the SDR software until DO had decreased by 3 mg L⁻¹ in at least one of the wells, for 15-60 minutes. In the case of the suboxic and hypoxic treatments from experiments 5 and 6, however, the trials lasted five minutes regardless of the DO differential, given the already low oxygen in the treatment water. At the end of each measurement period, embryos and larvae were checked for injury or death, and any other factors that might have affected oxygen consumption rates were noted.</p>
<p><strong>Known Problems:</strong><br />
Embryos were not sampled in Experiment 2 due to logistical issues. Some fish IDs might be missing because the individual died or escaped, and was therefore not included in the dataset although it had already been assigned a number before respirometry.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p><strong>Data Processing:</strong><br />
Routine metabolic rates were calculated in R statistical software (v4.0.0; R Core Team, 2020). Because temperature influences oxygen solubility and metabolic rates of fish, we measured temperature simultaneously with DO throughout the measurement period and only used data for periods of time in which the temperature changed by less than ~0.03°C min⁻¹. A linear model was fit to the DO values with respect to time for each well. The slope (mg O₂ L⁻¹ s⁻¹) of the linear model was used to calculate oxygen consumption rate (RO₂; umol O₂ h⁻¹) with the following formula: RO₂=slope/(0.032×3600×0.0005), where 0.032 is the molar mass of O₂ (mg mol⁻¹), 3600 converts seconds to hours, and 0.0005 L is the well volume. The mean RO2 from control wells was subtracted from each fish-containing well of the same treatment to account for microbial respiration and obtain fish RO2. Size differences in embryos were negligible and quantifying embryo mass was impractical, so RO2 was not normalized to mass and is reported as whole-embryo routine metabolic rate (RMR). Larval total length (TL, mm) was measured in images (Image J) taken by digital camera (TrueChrome Metrics, Tucsen Photonics Co., Fuzhou, Fujian, China) connected to a stereo microscope (Nikon Eclipse E200). TL was then converted to dry weight (DW, mg) using the relationship ln(DW)=2.997×ln(TL)-6.703 (H. Baumann, personal communication, June 23, 2017). DW was then used to calculate the larval mass-specific RMR (umol mg⁻¹ h⁻¹) as RMR=RO2/DW.</p>
<p><strong>BCO-DMO processing:</strong><br />
- converted dates to format YYYY-MM-DD;<br />
- rounded values of&nbsp;embryo_RMR and larva_RMR to 6 decimal places.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Chiller
Chiller
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Chiller PI Supplied Instrument Description:DeltaStar®, Lynchburg, VA, USA Instrument Name: Aquarium chiller Instrument Short Name:Aquarium chiller Instrument Description: Immersible or in-line liquid cooling device, usually with temperature control.
Digital microscope-mounted camera
Digital microscope-mounted camera
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Digital microscope-mounted camera PI Supplied Instrument Description:TrueChrome Metrics, Tucsen Photonics Co., Fuzhou, Fujian, China. Instrument Name: Camera Instrument Short Name:camera Instrument Description: All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/311/
Respirometry microplates
Respirometry microplates
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Respirometry microplates PI Supplied Instrument Description:500-uL 24-chamber glass well plates with optical oxygen sensor spots, Loligo Systems®, Viborg, Denmark. Instrument Name: microplate Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A flat dish with multiple individual wells that are arrayed in a standardized number, size, and arrangement.
Microscope
Microscope
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Microscope PI Supplied Instrument Description:Nikon Eclipse E200, Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. Instrument Name: Microscope - Optical Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments that generate enlarged images of samples using the phenomena of reflection and absorption of visible light. Includes conventional and inverted instruments. Also called a "light microscope". Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB05/
pH sensors
pH sensors
PI Supplied Instrument Name: pH sensors PI Supplied Instrument Description:The following pH sensors were used:
Orion Ross Ultra pH/ATC Triode with Orion Star A121 pH Portable Meter,Thermo Fisher Scientific®, Waltham, MA, USA.
Intellical PHC281 pH Electrode with HQ11D Handheld pH/ORP Meter, Hach®, Loveland, CO, USA.
Hach® pHD digital electrode.
Instrument Name: pH Sensor Instrument Short Name:pH Sensor Instrument Description: An instrument that measures the hydrogen ion activity in solutions.
The overall concentration of hydrogen ions is inversely related to its pH. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 and indicates whether acidic (more H+) or basic (less H+).
Respirometry oxygen sensor readers
Respirometry oxygen sensor readers
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Respirometry oxygen sensor readers PI Supplied Instrument Description:24-channel SensorDish Readers, Presens Precision Sensing, GmbH, Regensburg, Germany. Instrument Name: plate reader Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Plate readers (also known as microplate readers) are laboratory instruments designed to detect biological, chemical or physical events of samples in microtiter plates. They are widely used in research, drug discovery, bioassay validation, quality control and manufacturing processes in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industry and academic organizations. Sample reactions can be assayed in 6-1536 well format microtiter plates. The most common microplate format used in academic research laboratories or clinical diagnostic laboratories is 96-well (8 by 12 matrix) with a typical reaction volume between 100 and 200 uL per well. Higher density microplates (384- or 1536-well microplates) are typically used for screening applications, when throughput (number of samples per day processed) and assay cost per sample become critical parameters, with a typical assay volume between 5 and 50 µL per well. Common detection modes for microplate assays are absorbance, fluorescence intensity, luminescence, time-resolved fluorescence, and fluorescence polarization. From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_reader, 2014-09-0-23.
Thermostat
Thermostat
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Thermostat PI Supplied Instrument Description:Aqualogic®, San Diego, CA, USA. Instrument Name: thermostat Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A device designed to regulate temperature by controlling the starting and stopping of a heating/cooling system.
Alkalinity titrator
Alkalinity titrator
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Alkalinity titrator PI Supplied Instrument Description:G20 Potentiometric Titrator, Mettler Toledo®, Columbus, OH, USA. Instrument Name: Titrator Instrument Short Name:Titrator Instrument Description: Titrators are instruments that incrementally add quantified aliquots of a reagent to a sample until the end-point of a chemical reaction is reached. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB12/