http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/852779
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2021-06-01
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Sinking particle from R/V Kilo Moana cruise KM1910 in June 2019
2021-06-01
publication
2021-06-01
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2021-08-24
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.852779.1
Matthew J. Church
University of Montana
principalInvestigator
Sara Ferrón
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
principalInvestigator
Erica Goetze
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
principalInvestigator
Angelicque E. White
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
principalInvestigator
Erin E. Black
University of Rochester
principalInvestigator
Ashley Maloney
Princeton University
principalInvestigator
Adam V. Subhas
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Church, M. J., Maloney, A., Subhas, A. V., Black, E., Kenyon, J., White, A. E., Goetze, E., Ferron, S. (2021) Sinking particle from R/V Kilo Moana cruise KM1910 in June 2019. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2021-06-01 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.852779.1 [access date]
Sinking particles from traps Dataset Description: <p>Phosphorus, carbon (total and organic), and nitrogen flux and bulk isotope composition (C and N) from 3-day pit trap deployments in June 2019 at station ALOHA during cruise KM1910.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Sampling and analytical procedures:&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p>Particle flux measurements from the Chief Scientist Training cruise generally followed the methods of the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT). Measurements were made at 75 m, 150 m, and 300 m using multiple cylindrical particle interceptor traps deployed on a free-floating array for approximately 3 days twice during cruise KM1910 at station ALOHA. Sediment trap design and collection methods are described in Winn et al. (1991). Three traps from each depth from both deployments were analyzed for POC at WHOI , one trap from each depth was analyzed for PIC at WHOI, three traps from each depth from first deployment were analyzed for PC, PN, d13C and d15N at Princeton lab, and three traps from each depth from the first deployment were analyzed for PP at University of Hawaii.</p>
<p><strong>Acquisition Description&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p>The information below was adapted from the BCO-DMO HOT Dataset: Particle Flux page at<a href="https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/737393"> https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/737393</a> (last visited on 2021-03-30) and the HOT Field &amp; Laboratory Protocols page, found at http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/protocols/protocols.html# (last visited on 2021-03-30). Differences between this dataset and a typical HOT particle flux data set include 1) depths sampled, 2) units in mmol m-2 d-1 (instead of mg m-2 d-1), and 3) suite of analyses (PP, PC, and PN but not Si, additionally POC (by acidifying filters) and PIC).</p>
<p>SUMMARY: Passively sinking particulate matter is collected using a free-floating sediment array and, after prescreening (335 μm) to remove zooplankton and micronekton carcasses, the sample materials are analyzed for P (at UH), POC and PIC (at WHOI), C and N (mmol m-2 d-1) and d13C (permil vs. VPDB) and d15N (permil vs. air-N2) (at Princeton).&nbsp;</p>
<p>1. Principle</p>
<p>Sediment traps capture the downward flux of particulate matter (different from in situ suspended particles) and allow for its chemical analysis. During the KM1910 cruise we deployed a free-drifting sediment trap array with 12 individual collectors positioned at 75, 150 and 300 m. The deployment periods were 3.3875 days and 3.04027 days. The passively sinking particles are subsequently analyzed for a variety of chemical properties.</p>
<p>2. Precautions</p>
<p>Because particle fluxes in oligotrophic habitats are expected to be low, special attention must be paid to the preparation of individual sediment trap collector tubes so that they are clean and free of dust and other potentially contaminating particles. Traps should be capped immediately after filling and immediately after retrieval. Pay particular attention to airborne and/or shipboard particulate contamination sources. In addition, the time interval between trap retrieval and subsample filtration should be minimized in order to limit the inclusion of extraneous abiotic particles and the post-collection solubilization of particles.</p>
<p>3. Field Operations</p>
<p>3.1. Hardware</p>
<p>Our free-floating sediment trap array is patterned after the MULTITRAP system pioneered by Knauer et al. (1979) and used extensively in the decade-long VERTEX program. Twelve individual sediment trap collectors (0.0039 m2) are typically deployed at three depths (150, 300 and 500 m). The traps are affixed to a PVC cross attached to 1/2" polypropylene line. The traps are tracked using VHF radio and Argos satellite transmitters and strobelights.&nbsp;</p>
<p>3.2. Trap solutions</p>
<p>Prior to deployment, each trap is cleaned with 1 M HCl, rinsed thoroughly with deionized water then filled with a high-density solution to prevent advective-diffusive loss of extractants and preservatives during the deployment period and to eliminate flushing of the traps during recovery (Knauer et al., 1979). The trap solution is prepared by adding 50 g of NaCl to each liter of surface seawater. This brine solution is pressure filtered sequentially through a 1.0 and 0.5 μm filter cartridge prior to the addition of 10 ml 100% formalin l-1. Individual traps are filled and at least 10 l of the trap solution is saved for analysis of solution blanks (see section 4.1).&nbsp; Tubes for PIC and POC were not fixed i.e. did not receive an addition of formalin.&nbsp; Tubes for POC used trace metal clean NaCl.&nbsp;</p>
<p>3.3. Post-recovery processing</p>
<p>3.3.1.</p>
<p>Upon recovery, individual traps are capped and transported to the shipboard portable laboratory for analysis. Care is taken not to mix the higher density trap solutions with the overlying seawater. Trap samples are processed from deep to shallow in order to minimize potential contamination.</p>
<p>3.3.2.</p>
<p>The depth of the interface between the high density solution and overlying seawater is marked on each trap. The overlying seawater is then aspirated with a plastic tube attached to a vacuum system in order to avoid disturbing the high density solution. Because some sinking particulate material collects near the interface between the high density solution and the overlying seawater, the overlying seawater is removed only to a depth that is 5 cm above the previously identified interface.</p>
<p>3.3.3.</p>
<p>After the overlying seawater has been removed from all the traps at a given depth, the contents of each trap is passed through an acid rinsed 335 μm NitexR screen to remove contaminating zooplankton and micronekton which entered the traps in a living state and are not truly part of the passive flux. Immediately before this sieving process, the contents of each trap are mixed to disrupt large amorphous particles. The traps are rinsed with a portion of the &lt;335 μm sample in order to recover all particulate matter, and the 335 μm NitexR screen is examined to determine whether residual material, in addition to the so-called "swimmers", is present. If so, the screens are rinsed again with a portion of the 335 μm filtrate. After all traps from a given depth have been processed, the 335 μm screen is removed and placed into a vial containing 20 ml of formalin- seawater solution, and stored at 4 °C for subsequent microscopic examination and organism identification and enumeration.</p>
<p>4. Data</p>
<p>4.1. Determination of PP flux</p>
<p>Followed Particulate Phosphorus HOT methods: <a href="https://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/protocols/protocols.html#">https://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/protocols/protocols.html#</a> Briefly, triplicate samples from each depth were combusted in 16 x 100 mm clean glass test tubes at 450°C for 4.5 hours in a muffle furnace. The samples are then allowed to cool and immersed in 10ml 0.15N HCL/vortex/ 1 hour leach/vortex/30 Minute Spin/ 1 hour color development) (5ml sample : 500ul Mixed Reagent).The liberated orthophosphate is reacted with a mixed reagent of molybdic acid, ascorbic acid and trivalent antimony to form phosphomolybdic acid. This heteropoly acid is then reduced to the colored molybdenum blue complex by ascorbic acid and the solution is measured spectrophotometrically. This procedure measures all forms of phosphorus which can be released by combustion and acid hydrolysis.</p>
<p>4.2. Determination of PC, POC, PIC and PN flux</p>
<p>The quantities of particulate PC, POC, and PN in the prescreened trap solutions are determined from three replicate traps. The samples analyzed in the Princeton lab were not acidified and represent total C, the samples analyzed at WHOI were acid-fumed to represent organic C. An equivalent volume of the time-zero sediment trap solution, filtered through the appropriate filters is used as a C or N blank.</p>
<p>4.3. Determination of C and N bulk isotope composition</p>
<p>The bulk isotope composition of total C and N sinking material in the prescreened trap solutions are determined from three replicate traps.&nbsp;</p>
<p>4.4 Determination of PIC flux</p>
<p>&nbsp;A single sample was analyzed for PIC at WHOI. PIC samples were analyzed on a Picarro 2101i cavity ring-down CO2 isotope analyzer system with an AutoMate prep device front end. Detailed instrument methods are established and published in Dong et al., 2019 and Subhas et al., 2019. Samples were acidified manually in 12mL exetainers and left to sit for 1h to dissolve all PIC before mounting in the autosampler rack.&nbsp; Standards were run before, during, and after the samples in the same analytical session to calculate PIC concentration, using a well-characterized pure calcite standard of known isotopic composition (Iceland Spar).&nbsp; Calibrated PIC quantities (in micromoles) were blank-corrected using the mean value of McLane pump dipped blank filters.&nbsp; Blank-corrected quantities were then normalized to the volume of brine in each tube, length of deployment, and area of each tube, to calculate a flux in mmol/m2/d.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Problem report:</strong></p>
<p>No PIC fluxes were measured on Trap Deployment 1 because all tubes were allocated to other analyses. PP, PC, PN, d15N, d13C were not measured on Trap Deployment 2 because all tubes were allocated to other analyses.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1911831 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1911831
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1911990 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1911990
completed
Matthew J. Church
University of Montana
(406) 982-3301
Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana 321225 Bio Station Lane
Polson
MT
59860-6815
USA
matt.church@flbs.umt.edu
pointOfContact
Sara Ferrón
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
(808) 956-3420
1950 East West Road
Honolulu
HI
96822
USA
sferron@hawaii.edu
pointOfContact
Erica Goetze
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
808-956-7156
Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii at Manoa 1000 Pope Road
Honolulu
HI
96822
United States
egoetze@hawaii.edu
pointOfContact
Angelicque E. White
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
808-956-6220
1950 East West Rd.
Honolulu
HI
USA
aewhite@hawaii.edu
pointOfContact
Erin E. Black
University of Rochester
585-375-3440
Rochester
NY
14627
USA
e.black@rochester.edu
pointOfContact
Ashley Maloney
Princeton University
Guyot Hall
Princeton
NJ
08544
USA
amaloney@princeton.edu
pointOfContact
Adam V. Subhas
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
508-289-2399
266 Woods Hole Rd. MS#8
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
asubhas@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
cruise_id
sta
deployment
lon_deploy
lat_deploy
deploy_ISO_DateTime_UTC
date_deploy_HST
time_deploy_HST
lon_recover
lat_recover
recover_ISO_DateTime_UTC
date_recover_HST
time_recover_HST
depth_m
float_time_d
PP_UH
sd_PP_UH
PC_Pton
sd_PC_Pton
PN_Pton
sd_PN_Pton
Pton_13C
sd_13C_Pton
Pton_15N
sd_15N_Pton
POC_WHOI
sd_POC_WHOI
PIC_WHOI
Flash AE1112 Carbon/Nitrogen Analyzer
Picarro 2101i
Elementar Isoprime
Sediment trap array
theme
None, User defined
Cruise identfier
station
deployment number
longitude
latitude
ISO_DateTime_UTC
date_local
time_local
depth
duration
Total Particulate Phosphorus
total particulate Carbon
Nitrogen
d13C
d15N
particulate inorganic Carbon
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
CHN Elemental Analyzer
CO2 Analyzer
Elemental Analyzer
Sediment Trap
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
KM1910
service
Deployment Activity
Honolulu, Hawai'i
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
EAGER Collaborative Research: Early career chief scientist training for biological and chemical oceanographers
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/805876
EAGER Collaborative Research: Early career chief scientist training for biological and chemical oceanographers
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em></p>
<p>Intellectual Merit<br />
The PIs request funds to provide training in leading and organizing research cruises to early career researchers in the areas of Biological and Chemical Oceanography. Participants in this training program would be introduced to pre-cruise planning and logistics, receive training in commonly used oceanographic sampling equipment, and conduct shipboard measurements during a 10-day oceanographic cruise to the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG). The goal of this training program is to prepare early career scientists for leading and participating in interdisciplinary oceanographic research at sea.</p>
<p>Broader Impacts<br />
The proposed program addresses the broader impacts criteria successfully. The research cruise and follow-up reports and publications focus on interdisciplinary questions important for advancing the field. Given the rapid changes that oceanic systems are undergoing, it is important to have a cadre of junior scientists who are adept at managing interdisciplinary collaborations and conducting research at sea. The PIs are considering ways to connect with diverse audiences in recruiting participants. The impact on early career oceanographers will be very strong. This will create an experience that will be a major impact on the careers of the trainees, especially if they stay in the oceanography field.</p>
Chief Sci KM1910
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Honolulu, Hawai'i
-158.44
-157.786
22.1516
23.1312
2019-06-16
2019-06-20
Station ALOHA (22.75N, 158W), North Pacific Ocean
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Sinking particle from R/V Kilo Moana cruise KM1910 in June 2019
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853733.rdf
Name: cruise_id
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Cruise identifier</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853734.rdf
Name: sta
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Station number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853735.rdf
Name: deployment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Name of sediment trap deployment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853736.rdf
Name: lon_deploy
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude (degrees E) of deployment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853737.rdf
Name: lat_deploy
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude (degrees N) of deployment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853738.rdf
Name: deploy_ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Datetime (UTC) of trap deployment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853739.rdf
Name: date_deploy_HST
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Local date (HST) of trap deployment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853740.rdf
Name: time_deploy_HST
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Local time (HST) of trap deployment (24 hour time)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853741.rdf
Name: lon_recover
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude (degrees E) of recovery</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853742.rdf
Name: lat_recover
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude (degrees N) of recovery</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853743.rdf
Name: recover_ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Datetime (UTC) of trap recovery</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853744.rdf
Name: date_recover_HST
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Local date of trap recovery</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853745.rdf
Name: time_recover_HST
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Local time (HST) of trap recovery</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853746.rdf
Name: depth_m
Units: meters (m)
Description: <p>Depth of traps in meters (m)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853747.rdf
Name: float_time_d
Units: days (d)
Description: <p>Total length of deployment in days (d)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853748.rdf
Name: PP_UH
Units: millimoles per meter squared per day (mmol/m2/d)
Description: <p>Particulate Phosphate (PP) flux [mmol/m2/d] average from 3 FIXED traps (d,e,f), analyzed at UH</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853749.rdf
Name: sd_PP_UH
Units: millimoles per meter squared per day (mmol/m2/d)
Description: <p>Particulate Phosphate (PP) flux [mmol/m2/d] standard deviation from 3 FIXED traps (d,e,f), analyzed at UH</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853750.rdf
Name: PC_Pton
Units: millimoles per meter squared per day (mmol/m2/d)
Description: <p>Particulate total Carbon (PC) flux [mmol/m2/d] average from 3 FIXED traps (a,b,c) (filters analyzed at Princeton not acidified)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853751.rdf
Name: sd_PC_Pton
Units: millimoles per meter squared per day (mmol/m2/d)
Description: <p>Particulate total Carbon (PC) flux [mmol/m2/d] standard deviation from 3 FIXED traps (a,b,c) (filters analyzed at Princeton not acidified)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853752.rdf
Name: PN_Pton
Units: millimoles per meter squared per day (mmol/m2/d)
Description: <p>Particulate Nitrogen (PN) flux [mmol/m2/d] average from 3 FIXED traps (a,b,c) (filters analyzed at Princeton not acidified)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853753.rdf
Name: sd_PN_Pton
Units: millimoles per meter squared per day (mmol/m2/d)
Description: <p>Particulate Nitrogen (PN) flux [mmol/m2/d] standard deviation from 3 FIXED traps (a,b,c) (filters analyzed at Princeton not acidified)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853754.rdf
Name: Pton_13C
Units: permil vs. VPDB
Description: <p>Delta-13C of PC (permil vs. VPDB) average from 3 FIXED traps (a,b,c) analytical uncertainty 0.1 permil (filters analyzed at Princeton not acidified)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853755.rdf
Name: sd_13C_Pton
Units: permil vs. VPDB
Description: <p>Delta-13C of PC (permil vs. VPDB) standard deviation from 3 FIXED traps (a,b,c) (filters analyzed at Princeton not acidified)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853756.rdf
Name: Pton_15N
Units: permil vs. air-N2
Description: <p>Delta-15N of PN (permil vs. air-N2) average from 3 FIXED traps (a,b,c) analytical uncertainty 0.2 permil (filters analyzed at Princeton not acidified)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853757.rdf
Name: sd_15N_Pton
Units: permil vs. air-N2
Description: <p>Delta-15N of PN (permil vs. air-N2) standard deviation from 3 FIXED traps (a,b,c) (filters analyzed at Princeton not acidified)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853758.rdf
Name: POC_WHOI
Units: millimoles per meter squared per day (mmol/m2/d)
Description: <p>Particulate total Carbon (PC) flux [mmol/m2/d] average from 3 UNFIXED traps (g,h,i) (samples acid fumed) analyzed at WHOI</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853759.rdf
Name: sd_POC_WHOI
Units: millimoles per meter squared per day (mmol/m2/d)
Description: <p>Particulate total Carbon (PC) flux [mmol/m2/d] standard deviation from 3 UNFIXED traps (g,h,i) (samples acid fumed) analyzed at WHOI</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/853760.rdf
Name: PIC_WHOI
Units: millimoles per meter squared per day (mmol/m2/d)
Description: <p>Particulate Inorganic Carbon flux [mmol/m2/d] from 1 UNFIXED trap (e) analyzed at WHOI</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
1458
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/27467/1/dataset-852779_sinking-particles-traps__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.852779.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Sampling and analytical procedures:&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p>Particle flux measurements from the Chief Scientist Training cruise generally followed the methods of the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT). Measurements were made at 75 m, 150 m, and 300 m using multiple cylindrical particle interceptor traps deployed on a free-floating array for approximately 3 days twice during cruise KM1910 at station ALOHA. Sediment trap design and collection methods are described in Winn et al. (1991). Three traps from each depth from both deployments were analyzed for POC at WHOI , one trap from each depth was analyzed for PIC at WHOI, three traps from each depth from first deployment were analyzed for PC, PN, d13C and d15N at Princeton lab, and three traps from each depth from the first deployment were analyzed for PP at University of Hawaii.</p>
<p><strong>Acquisition Description&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p>The information below was adapted from the BCO-DMO HOT Dataset: Particle Flux page at<a href="https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/737393"> https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/737393</a> (last visited on 2021-03-30) and the HOT Field &amp; Laboratory Protocols page, found at http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/protocols/protocols.html# (last visited on 2021-03-30). Differences between this dataset and a typical HOT particle flux data set include 1) depths sampled, 2) units in mmol m-2 d-1 (instead of mg m-2 d-1), and 3) suite of analyses (PP, PC, and PN but not Si, additionally POC (by acidifying filters) and PIC).</p>
<p>SUMMARY: Passively sinking particulate matter is collected using a free-floating sediment array and, after prescreening (335 μm) to remove zooplankton and micronekton carcasses, the sample materials are analyzed for P (at UH), POC and PIC (at WHOI), C and N (mmol m-2 d-1) and d13C (permil vs. VPDB) and d15N (permil vs. air-N2) (at Princeton).&nbsp;</p>
<p>1. Principle</p>
<p>Sediment traps capture the downward flux of particulate matter (different from in situ suspended particles) and allow for its chemical analysis. During the KM1910 cruise we deployed a free-drifting sediment trap array with 12 individual collectors positioned at 75, 150 and 300 m. The deployment periods were 3.3875 days and 3.04027 days. The passively sinking particles are subsequently analyzed for a variety of chemical properties.</p>
<p>2. Precautions</p>
<p>Because particle fluxes in oligotrophic habitats are expected to be low, special attention must be paid to the preparation of individual sediment trap collector tubes so that they are clean and free of dust and other potentially contaminating particles. Traps should be capped immediately after filling and immediately after retrieval. Pay particular attention to airborne and/or shipboard particulate contamination sources. In addition, the time interval between trap retrieval and subsample filtration should be minimized in order to limit the inclusion of extraneous abiotic particles and the post-collection solubilization of particles.</p>
<p>3. Field Operations</p>
<p>3.1. Hardware</p>
<p>Our free-floating sediment trap array is patterned after the MULTITRAP system pioneered by Knauer et al. (1979) and used extensively in the decade-long VERTEX program. Twelve individual sediment trap collectors (0.0039 m2) are typically deployed at three depths (150, 300 and 500 m). The traps are affixed to a PVC cross attached to 1/2" polypropylene line. The traps are tracked using VHF radio and Argos satellite transmitters and strobelights.&nbsp;</p>
<p>3.2. Trap solutions</p>
<p>Prior to deployment, each trap is cleaned with 1 M HCl, rinsed thoroughly with deionized water then filled with a high-density solution to prevent advective-diffusive loss of extractants and preservatives during the deployment period and to eliminate flushing of the traps during recovery (Knauer et al., 1979). The trap solution is prepared by adding 50 g of NaCl to each liter of surface seawater. This brine solution is pressure filtered sequentially through a 1.0 and 0.5 μm filter cartridge prior to the addition of 10 ml 100% formalin l-1. Individual traps are filled and at least 10 l of the trap solution is saved for analysis of solution blanks (see section 4.1).&nbsp; Tubes for PIC and POC were not fixed i.e. did not receive an addition of formalin.&nbsp; Tubes for POC used trace metal clean NaCl.&nbsp;</p>
<p>3.3. Post-recovery processing</p>
<p>3.3.1.</p>
<p>Upon recovery, individual traps are capped and transported to the shipboard portable laboratory for analysis. Care is taken not to mix the higher density trap solutions with the overlying seawater. Trap samples are processed from deep to shallow in order to minimize potential contamination.</p>
<p>3.3.2.</p>
<p>The depth of the interface between the high density solution and overlying seawater is marked on each trap. The overlying seawater is then aspirated with a plastic tube attached to a vacuum system in order to avoid disturbing the high density solution. Because some sinking particulate material collects near the interface between the high density solution and the overlying seawater, the overlying seawater is removed only to a depth that is 5 cm above the previously identified interface.</p>
<p>3.3.3.</p>
<p>After the overlying seawater has been removed from all the traps at a given depth, the contents of each trap is passed through an acid rinsed 335 μm NitexR screen to remove contaminating zooplankton and micronekton which entered the traps in a living state and are not truly part of the passive flux. Immediately before this sieving process, the contents of each trap are mixed to disrupt large amorphous particles. The traps are rinsed with a portion of the &lt;335 μm sample in order to recover all particulate matter, and the 335 μm NitexR screen is examined to determine whether residual material, in addition to the so-called "swimmers", is present. If so, the screens are rinsed again with a portion of the 335 μm filtrate. After all traps from a given depth have been processed, the 335 μm screen is removed and placed into a vial containing 20 ml of formalin- seawater solution, and stored at 4 °C for subsequent microscopic examination and organism identification and enumeration.</p>
<p>4. Data</p>
<p>4.1. Determination of PP flux</p>
<p>Followed Particulate Phosphorus HOT methods: <a href="https://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/protocols/protocols.html#">https://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/protocols/protocols.html#</a> Briefly, triplicate samples from each depth were combusted in 16 x 100 mm clean glass test tubes at 450°C for 4.5 hours in a muffle furnace. The samples are then allowed to cool and immersed in 10ml 0.15N HCL/vortex/ 1 hour leach/vortex/30 Minute Spin/ 1 hour color development) (5ml sample : 500ul Mixed Reagent).The liberated orthophosphate is reacted with a mixed reagent of molybdic acid, ascorbic acid and trivalent antimony to form phosphomolybdic acid. This heteropoly acid is then reduced to the colored molybdenum blue complex by ascorbic acid and the solution is measured spectrophotometrically. This procedure measures all forms of phosphorus which can be released by combustion and acid hydrolysis.</p>
<p>4.2. Determination of PC, POC, PIC and PN flux</p>
<p>The quantities of particulate PC, POC, and PN in the prescreened trap solutions are determined from three replicate traps. The samples analyzed in the Princeton lab were not acidified and represent total C, the samples analyzed at WHOI were acid-fumed to represent organic C. An equivalent volume of the time-zero sediment trap solution, filtered through the appropriate filters is used as a C or N blank.</p>
<p>4.3. Determination of C and N bulk isotope composition</p>
<p>The bulk isotope composition of total C and N sinking material in the prescreened trap solutions are determined from three replicate traps.&nbsp;</p>
<p>4.4 Determination of PIC flux</p>
<p>&nbsp;A single sample was analyzed for PIC at WHOI. PIC samples were analyzed on a Picarro 2101i cavity ring-down CO2 isotope analyzer system with an AutoMate prep device front end. Detailed instrument methods are established and published in Dong et al., 2019 and Subhas et al., 2019. Samples were acidified manually in 12mL exetainers and left to sit for 1h to dissolve all PIC before mounting in the autosampler rack.&nbsp; Standards were run before, during, and after the samples in the same analytical session to calculate PIC concentration, using a well-characterized pure calcite standard of known isotopic composition (Iceland Spar).&nbsp; Calibrated PIC quantities (in micromoles) were blank-corrected using the mean value of McLane pump dipped blank filters.&nbsp; Blank-corrected quantities were then normalized to the volume of brine in each tube, length of deployment, and area of each tube, to calculate a flux in mmol/m2/d.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Problem report:</strong></p>
<p>No PIC fluxes were measured on Trap Deployment 1 because all tubes were allocated to other analyses. PP, PC, PN, d15N, d13C were not measured on Trap Deployment 2 because all tubes were allocated to other analyses.</p>
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Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
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7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
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WHOI MS#36
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02543
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info@bco-dmo.org
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Flash AE1112 Carbon/Nitrogen Analyzer
Flash AE1112 Carbon/Nitrogen Analyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Flash AE1112 Carbon/Nitrogen Analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:POC was acid fumed with concentrated HCl and then POC was measured by combustion via a Flash AE1112 Carbon/Nitrogen Analyzer using a Dynamic Flash Combustion technique. Instrument Name: CHN Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name:CHN_EA Instrument Description: A CHN Elemental Analyzer is used for the determination of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen content in organic and other types of materials, including solids, liquids, volatile, and viscous samples.
Picarro 2101i
Picarro 2101i
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Picarro 2101i PI Supplied Instrument Description:Picarro 2101i cavity ring-down CO2 isotope analyzer system with an AutoMate prep device front end. Detailed instrument methods are established and published in Dong et al., 2019 and Subhas et al., 2019. Instrument Name: CO2 Analyzer Instrument Short Name:CO2 Analyzer Instrument Description: Measures atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/382/
Elementar Isoprime
Elementar Isoprime
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Elementar Isoprime PI Supplied Instrument Description:A Vario ISOTOPE select (Elementar Isoprime) was used to quantify total C, N, and d13C and d15N. Samples are combusted/reduced at high temperature to create gases (CO2 and N2); column chromatography separates the gases; a thermal conductivity detector determines the carbon and nitrogen concentrations, followed by an isotope ratio mass spectrometer for bulk isotope composition. Measurements were calibrated with an in-house aminocaproic acid standard (ACROS) and four USGS standards (#41, #41a, #65, #25). Analytical uncertainty (determined from standards with similar isotope values) was 0.2‰ for delta-15N and 0.1‰ for delta-13C. Instrument Name: Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments that quantify carbon, nitrogen and sometimes other elements by combusting the sample at very high temperature and assaying the resulting gaseous oxides. Usually used for samples including organic material. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB01/
Sediment trap array
Sediment trap array
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Sediment trap array PI Supplied Instrument Description:Spar buoy, radiotransmitter, strobe light, floats, trap supports, collector tubes. Instrument Name: Sediment Trap Instrument Short Name:Sediment Trap Instrument Description: Sediment traps are specially designed containers deployed in the water column for periods of time to collect particles from the water column falling toward the sea floor. In general a sediment trap has a jar at the bottom to collect the sample and a broad funnel-shaped opening at the top with baffles to keep out very large objects and help prevent the funnel from clogging. This designation is used when the specific type of sediment trap was not specified by the contributing investigator. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/33/
Cruise: KM1910
KM1910
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM1910
Matthew J. Church
University of Montana
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/docs/305/Chief_Sci_KM1910/data_docs/matt_church_EAGER_cruise_plan_06_17_2019.pdf
Report describing KM1910
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel